THE COLD WAR
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Transcript of THE COLD WAR
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THE COLD WARTHE COLD WAR1945-19901945-1990
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The Cold WarThe Cold War
Cold War-Cold War- A war of A war of tension and the ideas tension and the ideas of Capitalism (USA) of Capitalism (USA) vs. Communism (USSR)vs. Communism (USSR)
Superpowers-Superpowers- Nations Nations that can influence that can influence the world (USA vs. the world (USA vs. USSR)USSR)
Arms RaceArms Race-Competition -Competition to develop the most to develop the most weapons (atomic)weapons (atomic)
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Cold War EventsCold War Events1. Germany is divided into 4 1. Germany is divided into 4
zones run by France, England, zones run by France, England, The U.S. and the USSRThe U.S. and the USSR
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2. 2. Containment-Containment- The U.S. The U.S. Policy designed to stop Policy designed to stop the spread of communism in the spread of communism in EuropeEurope
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3.3. The Marshall PlanThe Marshall Plan 13 13 billion in US aid to billion in US aid to European nations to European nations to fight Communismfight Communism
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4. 4. The Berlin Airlift-The Berlin Airlift- 12 12 month air drop of food, month air drop of food, clothing, and medicine to clothing, and medicine to people in Eastern Germanypeople in Eastern Germany
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5. 5. Space RaceSpace Race- The USSR - The USSR was 1was 1stst to launch the to launch the satellite Sputnik in 1957 satellite Sputnik in 1957 & 1st man in space 1961& 1st man in space 1961
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Cold War TalkCold War Talk A time of tension A time of tension w/o war between the w/o war between the USA & USSRUSA & USSR
Idea that actions Idea that actions put nations on the put nations on the edge of destructionedge of destruction
A barrier between A barrier between communist and communist and capitalists capitalists countries in Europecountries in Europe
Idea that if one Idea that if one country falls to country falls to communism, others communism, others will followwill follow
Nations who’s Nations who’s actions influence actions influence the worldthe world
Agreeing to Agreeing to competition w/o warcompetition w/o war
Military Military counterattack using counterattack using nuclear weaponsnuclear weapons
Policy to stop the Policy to stop the spread of Communismspread of Communism
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Cold War Cold War (actions (actions reactions)reactions)
Stalin blockades Stalin blockades BerlinBerlin
Truman orders Truman orders the BERLIN the BERLIN AIRLIFTAIRLIFT
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The USSR The USSR launches launches Sputnik in Sputnik in 19571957
NASA is NASA is established established & millions & millions given to given to science/matscience/math programsh programs
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Nuclear War Nuclear War threatens threatens civilians in civilians in the U.S. and the U.S. and USSRUSSR
People People construct construct fall out fall out (bomb) (bomb) sheltersshelters
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NATO- North NATO- North Atlantic Treaty Atlantic Treaty OrganizationOrganization – – military military alliance led by alliance led by the U.S. to the U.S. to fight Soviet fight Soviet aggression in aggression in EuropeEurope
Warsaw Pact-Warsaw Pact- A military A military Alliance led Alliance led by the USSR by the USSR in Eastern in Eastern EuropeEurope
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The Soviet The Soviet Union supports Union supports the spread of the spread of Communism to Communism to China, Korea, China, Korea, and Vietnamand Vietnam
ContainmentContainment
Domino TheoryDomino Theory
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Soviet Soviet Espionage Espionage (spies) (spies) feared in feared in AmericaAmerica
Rosenbergs Rosenbergs convicted of convicted of espionageespionage
McCarthyismMcCarthyism- - Senator Joseph Senator Joseph McCarthy accused McCarthy accused 100’s of 100’s of government government officials of officials of being communist being communist
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Wars in U.S. HistoryWars in U.S. History
The American RevolutionThe American Revolution War of 1812War of 1812 Mexican-American WarMexican-American War Civil WarCivil War Spanish-American WarSpanish-American War World War IWorld War I World War IIWorld War II Korean WarKorean War
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The Korean WarThe Korean War
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FactsFacts
1950-19531950-1953 Fought to contain Communism in Fought to contain Communism in North KoreaNorth Korea
China & USSR aided North KoreanChina & USSR aided North Korean U.S. troops and 15 other nations U.S. troops and 15 other nations fought as The United Nationsfought as The United Nations
U.S. forces led by General U.S. forces led by General MacArthurMacArthur
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Communism was contained to North Communism was contained to North KoreaKorea
The wars end was a stalemateThe wars end was a stalemate Known as the “forgotten war”Known as the “forgotten war”
U.S.U.S. U.N.U.N.Dead Dead 54,246 54,246 628,833 628,833
Missing 8,177 Missing 8,177 470,267470,267
Captured 7,140 Captured 7,140 92,970 92,970
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Bay of Pigs Invasion Bay of Pigs Invasion 19611961
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Bay of Pigs FactsBay of Pigs Facts
President Kennedy President Kennedy arms Cuban exiles arms Cuban exiles to overthrow to overthrow Castro in CubaCastro in Cuba
Exiles lose to Exiles lose to Castro’s army Castro’s army
Castro remains in Castro remains in power, Kennedy’s power, Kennedy’s plan is a failureplan is a failure
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The Cuban Missile The Cuban Missile Crisis 1962Crisis 1962
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FactsFacts
A 1962 showdown A 1962 showdown between the U.S. between the U.S. & USSR in Cuba& USSR in Cuba
Soviets were Soviets were using Cuba for using Cuba for missile storagemissile storage
U.S. spy planes U.S. spy planes find missiles in find missiles in & headed to Cuba& headed to Cuba
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Kennedy Kennedy Blockades CubaBlockades Cuba
Soviet missiles Soviet missiles removed from removed from CubaCuba
Castro remains Castro remains in powerin power
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CRQ AnswersCRQ Answers
1.1. The main issue in the cartoon The main issue in the cartoon is the Vietnam Waris the Vietnam War
2.2. Stay in Vietnam to contain Stay in Vietnam to contain communismcommunism
3.3. Get out of Vietnam because it Get out of Vietnam because it was a civil war in their was a civil war in their countrycountry
4.4. The Constitution protects their The Constitution protects their FREEDOM OF SPEECH FREEDOM OF SPEECH
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The Vietnam WarThe Vietnam War
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15 year struggle to contain 15 year struggle to contain Communism (1961-1975)Communism (1961-1975)
Communist North Vietnam invaded Communist North Vietnam invaded South VietnamSouth Vietnam
Presidents Kennedy, Johnson, and Presidents Kennedy, Johnson, and Nixon order troops to VietnamNixon order troops to Vietnam
Viet Cong-Viet Cong- Communist soldiers Communist soldiers from North Vietnam (V-C)from North Vietnam (V-C)
Guerilla Warfare-Guerilla Warfare- Hit and run Hit and run strategy of jungle fightingstrategy of jungle fighting
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NaPalmNaPalm- Burning Jelly used burn - Burning Jelly used burn villages of the Viet Congvillages of the Viet Cong
Agent OrangeAgent Orange-Chemical used to -Chemical used to kill the jungle kill the jungle
Tet Offense-Tet Offense- Attack on 100 Attack on 100 cities by the Viet Cong for 2 cities by the Viet Cong for 2 daysdays
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Vietnam ResultsVietnam Results
1.1. DovesDoves-young generation Americans -young generation Americans that protested the Vietnam warthat protested the Vietnam war
2.2. Hawks-Hawks-People who supported VietnamPeople who supported Vietnam
3.3. 58,000 American soldiers die58,000 American soldiers die
4.4. VietnamizationVietnamization-Pulling American -Pulling American troops from Vietnam (1968-1973)troops from Vietnam (1968-1973)
5.5. South Vietnam falls to communismSouth Vietnam falls to communism
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AnswersAnswers
33 33 33 33 22 11 22
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Cold War PresidentsCold War Presidents President 1961-1963President 1961-1963 11stst catholic catholic presidentpresident
Started the Started the Peace Peace CorpsCorps
New Frontier-New Frontier- Kennedy’s plan to Kennedy’s plan to help the poor, help the poor, economy, and economy, and sciencescience
Assassinated by Lee Assassinated by Lee Harvey OswaldHarvey Oswald
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Lyndon B. JohnsonLyndon B. Johnson Pres. 1963-1969Pres. 1963-1969 Great Society-Great Society- Plan to end Plan to end poverty & better poverty & better educationeducation
Created Medicaid Created Medicaid and Medicareand Medicare
Called for an end Called for an end to segregationto segregation
Sent most troops Sent most troops to Vietnam to Vietnam (escalation)(escalation)
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Richard NixonRichard Nixon Pres. 1969-1974Pres. 1969-1974 Detente-Detente- Easing of Easing of Tension between the Tension between the US and USSRUS and USSR
SALT- SALT- Strategic Arms Strategic Arms Limitations Treaty Limitations Treaty (reduction of Nukes)(reduction of Nukes)
Watergate Scandal- Watergate Scandal- Break-in and cover-Break-in and cover-up of tapping phone up of tapping phone lines to be Re-lines to be Re-electedelected
11stst Pres. to resign Pres. to resign