The Cold War 1945-1990
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Transcript of The Cold War 1945-1990
The Cold War1945-1990
The Superpowers
• The US and the USSR emerged from WWII as the worlds two superpowers.
• This conflict of ideology set the stage for the Cold War.
A war of Ideology
US USSR
Democracy CommunismCapitalism CommunismThe West The EastNATO Warsaw PactStop Communism Spread Comm.
Soviet Threat
The Marshall Plan
• The US plan to help rebuild Europe after WWII.
• The US provided $15 billion of aid to help the allies rebuild.
Truman Doctrine
• President Truman promises economic and military support to any country resisting communist aggression.
Truman Checks Stalin
The Iron Curtain
• Winston Churchill declared that a line of separation had descended across Europe dividing east and west.
Satellite Nations
• Comprised of Eastern European Nations under Soviet control after WWII.
• The satellites created a buffer between the USSR and the West.
• Poland, East Germany,Hungary,Romania.
Defense Alliances
NATO
• The Western Alliance• Protected W. Europe
against Soviet aggression.
Warsaw Pact
• The USSR and its satellites.
Cold War Germany
W EBerlin
Germany
Democracy
Communism
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The Berlin Crisis (1948)
• In 1948 Stalin attempted to force the Western allies out of Berlin by sealing off the city.
• Highways and Railroads entering the western sector of Berlin were closed.
The Berlin Airlift
• The Western allies responded to the blockade by mounting a round the clock airlift.
Stalin Tryingto
Stop Airlift
Soviet Obstructionism
The Berlin Wall
The Berlin Wall was a barrier constructed by the German Democratic Republic starting on 13 August 1961, that completely cut off West Berlin from surrounding East Germany and from East Berlin
Before the Wall's erection, 3.5 million East Germans defected from East Germany, many by crossing over the border from East Berlin into West Berlin and entering the Democratic World.
The Arms RaceCompetition between the US and USSR to develop and deploy nuclear weapons.
Space Race
SputnikOctober 1957
The Korean War
https://www.cia.gov/
North and South Korea
Divided Korea• North Korea was led by communist leader
Kim Il Sung• South Korea was led by Syngman Rhee and
called itself the Republic of Korea
Kim Il Sung
Syngman Rhee
U.S. Involvement
• South Korea was unstable economically • The United States feared that South Korea
would fall to communism• U.S. government helped to build up the
South Korean military• Both the U.S. and the Soviets removed their
troops from Korea in 1949.
Fighting Begins
• North Korea invaded South Korea on June 25, 1950.
• The UN became involved and asked for an immediate cease fire
• The Soviets were boycotting the U.N. due to the denial of admittance of China to the world governing body
Final Outcomehttp://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/macarthur/maps/koreatxt.html
The War Ends
• Korea in May of 1953• July 27th, 1953 an armistice was agreed upon.• The outcome of the war was the same dividing
line that was present before the start of the war, approximately around the 38th parallel
The Cuban Missile Crisis
Cuban Missile Crisis
Soviet Expansionism
Discussions on Germany
Plea from Europe
American View
Soviet Control of Berlin
Stalin’s Mood Changes
Stalin Peeks Under Iron Curtain
Stalin’s Fears Realized
Cuban Missile Crisis
Cuban Missile Crisis
Cuban Missile Crisis