The Coded-Wire Tag Program: A Conservation Perspective
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Transcript of The Coded-Wire Tag Program: A Conservation Perspective
The Coded-Wire Tag Program: A Conservation Perspective
May 10, 2012Presented by Micki Varney
Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife
• Evaluate Performance objectives• Gauge effectiveness of recovery measures • Measure progress toward recovery and
mitigation goals• Maintain accountability• Provide basis for adaptive management
Monitoring and Evaluation (M & E) are essential components of ESA Recovery Plans and Artificial Production Programs
Coded-Wire Tags are Essential M & E Tools
Hatchery Evaluation/Management• Evaluate hatchery rearing and release
strategies• Estimate Contributions to fisheries• Brood stock management• Smolt-to-Adult Return Rates (SAR’s)
Wild/Hatchery proportions, pHOSRun size and composition Distribution and abundance (fisheries and on spawning
grounds)
The Snake River Fall Chinook Salmon Program—A Case In Point
Snake River Area Map
O r e g o nW a s h in g t o n
Area of Detail
I d a h oC olum b ia R ive r
U m ati l la R i v e r
Y ak im a R i v e r
C ol um bi a R iv e r
S n a ke R iv e r
S n ak e R iv e r
S n a ke R iv e r
W al l a W a ll a R i v er
T o u c h e t R iv er
P a l ou s e R i v e r
T u c a n n o n R i v e r C l ea rw at e r R i v e r
M il l C r ee k
Ice Ha rbor Dam
McNary Dam
LowerMonumental Dam
Lower Grani te DamLittle
Goose Dam
PriestRapidsDam
G r an d e R o n d e R iv e r
Pasco
Walla Walla
Dayton
Lew iston, ID
A s o ti n C ree k
Tex asRapids
ChiefTimothy
Lyon s Ferr yHatchery
Captain John
PittsburgLanding
BigCanyon
K i l om e te rs
1 00 6 05 04 03 02 0
Mouth of Snake River(Col Rkm 522)
Rkm 95
Rkm 173
Rkm 346
Hells Canyon Dam Rkm 397.4
1985
1984
1983
1982
1981
1980
1979
1978
1977
1976
1975
1974
1973
1972
1971
1970
1969
1968
1967
1966
1965
1964
1963
1962
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
JacksAdults
Return Year
Num
ber o
f Fal
l Ch
inoo
k
Ice Harbor
LowerMonumental
Little Goose
Lower Granite
Historical Fall Chinook Returns to the Snake Basinand timing of Lower Snake Dam Construction1962-1985 (Ice Harbor Dam Window Counts)
Lower Snake River Fish and Wildlife Compensation Plan (LSRCP) - 1976
• Mitigate for juvenile passage mortality and direct loss of spawning area for 5,000 fall Chinook
• Return 18,300 adults/year to the Snake River Basin• In-place and in-kind (maintain genetic integrity)
Egg Bank Program1976
Roles of Players in the Egg Bank Program
Kalama Falls Hatchery Lower Columbia River Juvenile
releases and collection of Returning Adults
Ice Harbor DamLower Snake River
Adult Collection
Lyons Ferry Hatchery
Lower Snake River Juvenile releases and Adult
collection
1976
1986
Hagerman Hatchery
Mid-Snake Juvenilereleases
Little Goose Dam
Lyons Ferry Hatchery 1980-1984
Early Lyons Ferry Hatchery Fall Chinook Production Goals (to return 18,300 adults to Snake River Basin)
9.16 million subyearling smolts (101,880 lbs)at 90 fpp (80 mm)expected smolt-to-adult return (SAR) of 0.2%
Idaho Power Co. mitigation for Hells Canyon Complex
for 1.3 million eyed eggsdue after LFH reached 80% of capacity
Stock Composition at Lyons Ferrybased on CWT expansions
0
20
40
60
80
100
1987 1988 1989 1990
Lyons Ferry Umatilla Other
Very high stray rate—could jeopardize the SRF stock integrity
Program Adjustments to Maintain Genetic Integrity:
1989 Brood Progeny• Initiated 100% wire-tagging
Modified broodstock collection protocol• LGR trapping• Unmarked fish
Beginning in 1990, CWT’s were read prior to combining the gametes
Fall Chinook trapped at Lower Granite Dam
CWT’s continued to play an Integral role in Providing the Data Necessary to Guide Management Decisions
Yearling/Subyearling Comparative Survival Study (1985-1990)
Snake River Fall Chinook ESA Listed as threatened in 1992
Fall Chinook Acclimation Program (FCAP)-1996
Lyons Ferry Fall Chinook Survival Rate Comparisons from CWT recoveries (On-Station Releases Only)
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
rele
ase
year
SAR
Subyearling Mean = 0.05Yearling Mean = 0.59
1996
1998
1997
Effect of supplementation on redd counts?
1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003Year
0200400600800
10001200140016001800200022002400
Bas
in-w
ide
redd
cou
nt
Pre-supplementation
Post-supplementation
Natural Production
2008 Total: 3,055
120 Fall Chinook Redds located in the Clearwater River near Big Canyon Creek 2007.
ESA Listed
Proportionate Natural Influence (PNI)
HatcherySpawners
NaturalSpawners
pHOS = proportion of fish spawning in wild consisting of hatchery-origin fish
pHOS
pNOB
pNOB = proportion of broodstock consisting of natural-origin fish
pHOSpNOB
pNOBPNI
+=
Lower Granite Dam Run Reconstruction
Stock and age compostion of fall Chinook run to Lower Granite DamStray ratesRun timingJack proportionsHatchery/Wild Estimate the number of natural origin Snake River fall Chinook for ESA (natural spawner abundance
Downstream passage
NPTH swim-ins
Lower Granite Fall Chinook Run Reconstruction Process
Trapping Period
Separate Run Comp Estimates are calculated for:
# unique Fish Trapped in
Sample
Unique Fall Chinook Arriving
at LGR
Expanded Window counts
pre and post trapping
=+
Multiply by the Inverse of Trap
Rate
Run to LGR During Trapping
Period
Abundance of Potential Spawners
Harvest above LGR
Hauled to Hatchery
Pre-and Post- Trapping Periods
Fish Trapped in SampleAt Lower Granite Adult Trap
Determine Composition
By Origin, Sex and Age
Released above LGR
Coded-Wire Tagged Fish
Scale Analysis
DNAPIT Tags
Assign Lost tagsDetermine
composition of CWT fish
Untagged fish
*Age, life history, Origin?
Origin?H/W?
Definite Age, Origin, Release Location and Rearing info
Estimate untagged hatchery fish associated
with CWT recoveries(Ad Only and unmarked)
Hauled to LFH or NPTH
*Age, Origin?
H/W
Determine composition of Untagged fish
HATCHERYWILD
Determining The Hatchery/Wild Proportion--A Process of Elimination
WILD
CLIPPEDUNCLIPPED
CLIPPED
UNCLIPPED
Snake River Hatchery Fish
Age 2 Age 3 Age 4 Age 5 Age 6 Unknown Age
CWT Origin M J M F J M F J M F M F M F J Adult Jack Total
630678 LF00YPA 8 8 0 8
612501 LF01SPA 3 7 10 0 10
610120 LF01YPA 1 6 7 0 7
610123 LF02SPA 4 2 6 0 6
612502 LF02YPA 7 4 2 11 2 13
107976 LF03SIPCPA 2 0 2 2
610146 LF03YPA 5 0 5 5
610149 LF03YPA 5 0 5 5
630168 LF99SCJA 1 1 0 1
630183 LF00YCJA 2 1 3 0 3
610105 LF01SCJA 5 13 18 0 18
610105 LF01SCJA2 2 11 13 0 13
610105 LF01SCJA2 RES REAR 1 1 0 1
610106 LF01SCJA 11 11 0 11
610145 LF03YBCA 13 0 13 13
610147 LF03YBCA 8 0 8 8
610107 NPTH02SO1 1 1 0 1
610109 NPT02SNLVA 1 1 0 1
610110 NPTH02SO2 5 5 10 0 10
612675 NPTH03SA 4 0 4 4
630476 LF99YO 2 2 0 2
631273 LF00YO 9 30 39 0 39
630890 LF01SO 2 8 10 0 10
631585 LF01YO 32 78 1 110 1 111
631391 LF02SCCD 1 3 4 0 4
631545 LF02SO 2 3 5 0 5
632167 LF02YO 21 2 23 0 23
631769 LF03YO 34 0 34 34
631770 LF03YO 30 0 30 30
631786 LF03SO 4 0 4 4
632368 LF03YO 1 0 1 1
Left Red VIE LF - LOST TAG 1 1 1 2 1 3
Left Blue VIE LF-CJA - LOST TAG 1 0 1 1
Right Green VIE LF-PLA - LOST TAG 1 1 0 1
Left Red VIE LF - HAT SUB AGE 4 COUSE CR DIRECT 1 1 0 1
Left Red VIE LF - HAT SUB RES REAR AGE 3 COUSE CR DIRECT 1 1 0 1
Left Red VIE LF HATCHERY SUB RES REAR AGE 5 1 1 0 1
Lost Tag HATCHERY SUB AGE 2 1 1 0 1
Lost Tag HATCHERY SUB RES REAR AGE 4 1 1 0 1
subtotal 2 125 172 58 4 138 346 1 15 59 0 4 3 4 2 801 132 933
CWT Origin M J M F J M F J M F M F M F J Adult Jack Total
630678 LF00YPA 8 8 0 8
612501 LF01SPA 3 7 10 0 10
610120 LF01YPA 1 6 7 0 7
610123 LF02SPA 4 2 6 0 6
612502 LF02YPA 7 4 2 11 2 13
107976 LF03SIPCPA 2 0 2 2
610146 LF03YPA 5 0 5 5
610149 LF03YPA 5 0 5 5
630168 LF99SCJA 1 1 0 1
630183 LF00YCJA 2 1 3 0 3
610105 LF01SCJA 5 13 18 0 18
610105 LF01SCJA2 2 11 13 0 13
610105 LF01SCJA2 RES REAR 1 1 0 1
610106 LF01SCJA 11 11 0 11
610145 LF03YBCA 13 0 13 13
610147 LF03YBCA 8 0 8 8
610107 NPTH02SO1 1 1 0 1
610109 NPT02SNLVA 1 1 0 1
610110 NPTH02SO2 5 5 10 0 10
612675 NPTH03SA 4 0 4 4
630476 LF99YO 2 2 0 2
631273 LF00YO 9 30 39 0 39
630890 LF01SO 2 8 10 0 10
631585 LF01YO 32 78 1 110 1 111
631391 LF02SCCD 1 3 4 0 4
631545 LF02SO 2 3 5 0 5
632167 LF02YO 21 2 23 0 23
631769 LF03YO 34 0 34 34
631770 LF03YO 30 0 30 30
631786 LF03SO 4 0 4 4
632368 LF03YO 1 0 1 1
Left Red VIE LF - LOST TAG 1 1 1 2 1 3
Left Blue VIE LF-CJA - LOST TAG 1 0 1 1
Right Green VIE LF-PLA - LOST TAG 1 1 0 1
Left Red VIE LF - HAT SUB AGE 4 COUSE CR DIRECT 1 1 0 1
Left Red VIE LF - HAT SUB RES REAR AGE 3 COUSE CR DIRECT 1 1 0 1
Left Red VIE LF HATCHERY SUB RES REAR AGE 5 1 1 0 1
Lost Tag HATCHERY SUB AGE 2 1 1 0 1
Lost Tag HATCHERY SUB RES REAR AGE 4 1 1 0 1
subtotal 2 125 172 58 4 138 346 1 15 59 0 4 3 4 2 801 132 933
Snake River Hatchery Fish
Age 2 Age 3 Age 4 Age 5 Age 6 Unknow n Age
CWT Origin M J M F J M F J M F M F M F J Adult Jack Total
631395 KLICK01SO 1 1 0 1
631797 KLICK02S 1 1 0 1
630996 SIMILKSUMMERCHIN 1 1 0 1
93255 UMA00SUMA 1 1 0 1
93346 BONN00YUMA 5 5 0 5
93501 UMA01SA 1 1 0 1
93504 UMA01SUMD 1 1 0 1
93627 BONN01YUMA 1 1 0 1
94030 UMA03Y 1 1 0 1
09BLANK 09BLANK 2 1 10 7 20 0 20
63BLANK 63BLANK 2 4 6 0 6
No tag STRAY HATCHERY SUB AGE 2 5 2 5 2 7
No tag STRAY HATCHERY SUB AGE 3 38 14 52 0 52
No tag STRAY HATCHERY SUB AGE 4 7 7 14 0 14
BLANK BLANK 1 4 5 12 4 22 4 26
sub total 6 2 39 15 0 8 13 0 0 11 0 0 17 23 4 132 6 138
CWT Origin M J M F J M F J M F M F M F J Adult Jack Total
Lost Tag LOST TAG 1 1 2 2 2 4
No tag AD ONLY STRAY HATCHERY YRL AGE 2 1 0 1 1
No tag AD ONLY STRAY HATCHERY YRL AGE 4 2 2 0 2
No tag AD ONLY HATCHERY YRL AGE 5 1 1 0 1
No tag STRAY HATCHERY YRL AGE 3 2 2 0 2
No tag STRAY HATCHERY YRL AGE 4 3 6 9 0 9
No tag STRAY HATCHERY YRL AGE 5 1 3 4 0 4
No tag Unknow n if hatchery or w ild 14 17 31 0 31
subtotal 0 1 3 0 0 3 8 0 2 3 0 0 15 17 2 51 3 54
Origin (Scales) M J M F J M F J M F M F M F J Adult Jack Total
WILD SUB AGE 2 1 1 1 1 2
WILD SUB AGE 3 77 14 91 0 91
WILD SUB RES REAR AGE 3 48 3 2 51 2 53
WILD SUB AGE 4 31 32 63 0 63
WILD SUB RES REAR AGE 4 32 32 64 0 64
WILD SUB AGE 5 1 6 7 0 7
WILD SUB RES REAR AGE 5 5 25 30 0 30
WILD SUB AGE 6 1 1 0 1
WILD SUB RES REAR AGE 6 1 1 0 1
subtotal 1 1 125 17 2 63 64 0 6 31 1 1 0 0 0 309 3 312
LGR Grand Total 9 129 339 90 6 212 431 1 23 104 1 5 35 44 8 1293 144 1437
Wild Fish
Age 2 Age 3 Age 4 Age 5 Age 6 Unknow n Age
Unknow n Origin (age and rearing from scales)
Age 2 Age 3 Age 4 Age 5 Age 6 Unknow n Age
Out of Basin (Stray) Fish
Age 2 Age 3 Age 4 Age 5 Age 6 Unknow n Age
Finally, after all the calculations, an estimate of the composition of the fall Chinook run to LGR Dam is completed
Table 2. Fall Chinook run to Lower Granite Dam by trapping period.[1] 2005
origin adults jacks total % adults % jacks cross referencewild 301 33 334 from Table 8
Snake R. hatcheries 259 88 347out of basin strays 42 4 46
unknown unmarked yearling 6 2 8
total 829 140 969 from Table 1
wild 2,454 23 2,477 from Table 10Snake R. hatcheries 6,317 1,023 7,340 from Table 16
out of basin strays 1,015 46 1,062 from Table 16unknown unmarked yearling 154 23 23 from Table 16
total 9,940 1,115 10,902
wild 1 0 1 from Table 8Snake R. hatcheries 13 3 16
out of basin strays 2 0 2unknown unmarked yearling 0 0 0
total 22 2 24 from Table 1
wild 2,755 57 2,812 23.60% 2.40%Snake R. hatcheries 6,590 1,113 7,703
out of basin strays 1,059 50 1,109unknown unmarked yearling 160 25 186
total 11,651 2,372 14,023 23.60% 2.40%[1] “2005 lgr adult trapping database for tac-030606.xls”, sheet “Qry_LGRtbl_scales_all_LGR_RUN_R”
fall season total.
before the trapping period: 8/18-9/5
during the trapping period: 9/6-11/20
after the trapping period: 11/21-12/15
There are Many Tools available
The CWT Program is a Proven Tool for Providing the Data Necessary for Science-Based Adaptive Management Decisions
Hatcheries
Recovery
Conservation
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Bonneville Power AdministrationWashington Dept. of Fish and WildlifeUS Fish and Wildlife ServiceNez Perce Tribe
Additional photos: David Frame, Mike Key
Questions?