The Cloud and the Grid

8/14/2019 The Cloud and the Grid

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grid and cloud computingben turner | 30 oct 08


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Two themes:Kevin Kelly's "The One":biological internet of things

generativity: open source andlowered barriers to entry


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Grid Computing(many computers, one problem)

Uses: protein folding, financial modeling, earthquake simulation, and climate/weather modeling

Ian Foster, father of grid computing: "The Physiology of the Grid"Globus Toolkit framework.

Foster's primary attributes: Computing resources are not administered centrally. Open standards are used. Non-trivial quality of service is achieved.

Grid developers are spending their time working on five big areas: Resource sharing on a global scale Secure access Efficient, balanced resource use The death of distance Open standards

[http://gridcafe.web.cern.ch/gridcafe/challenges/challanges.html]


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Grid Computing(many computers, one problem)

Standards:Open Grid Forum: first Grid Forum meeting was hosted at NASA Ames in June 1999

JSDL: Job Submission Description Language OGSI: Open Grid Services Infrastructure OGSA: Open Grid Services Architecture SAGA: Simple API for Grid Applications DRMAA: Distributed Resource Management Application API CDDLM: Configuration Description, Deployment, and Lifecycle Management Specification

Current Projects:

EGEE (for CERN's Large Hadron Collider) SETI@Home Folding@Home NASA's Information Power Grid NSF's National Technology Grid

NSF's TeraGrid United Devices Cancer Research Project World Community Grid Open Science Grid


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http://goc02.grid-support.ac.uk/lcg/lcg_publicity.png

LHC: 15 petabytes/year


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http://fah-web.stanford.edu/cgi-bin/main.py?qtype=teamstats


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http://www.productionscale.com/home/2008/4/24/cloud-computing-get-your-head-in-the-clouds.html


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Cloud Computing(many computers, many problems)

Cloud computing is "as important as the Web was 15 years ago," said Nelson, speaking at a Google forum on thepolicy implications of hosted applications and services. "We don't have any idea of how important it is, and we don't

really have any clue as to how it's going to be used."

massively lowers capex for companies andindividuals

increases redundancy and security

breathing capacity device and location independenceSoftware-aaS, Platform-aaS, Infrastructure-aaS, Storage-aaS

Web 1.0 was "read-only", Web 2.0 is "read-write", and Web 3.0 will be "read-write-execute".

MS Azure, Google Apps, Amazon AWS, grids, MS Live Mesh

As Professor Nelson explained, NYTimes digitized and hosted its entire article archive back to the 19th century in amatter of days and with a very small cost, all using Amazon Web Services:http://open.blogs.nytimes.com/2008/05/21/the-new-york-times-archives-amazon-web-services-timesmachine/


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Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2), providing scalable virtual private servers using Xen. Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3), providing Web Service based storage for applications.

Amazon Simple Queue Service (SQS), providing a hosted message queue for web applications. Amazon Mechanical Turk (Mturk), managing small units of work distributed amongst many people. Alexa Web Services, providing traffic data, thumbnails, and other information about web sites. Amazon Associates Web Service (AAWS, formerly Amazon E-Commerce Service or ECS) , providing

access to Amazon's product data and electronic commerce functionality. Amazon Historical Pricing, providing access to Amazon's historical sales data from its affiliates. Amazon Flexible Payments Service (FPS), currently in limited beta[2], provides an interface for

micropayments. Amazon DevPay, currently in limited beta, is a billing and account management system for applications that

developers have built atop Amazon Web Services. Amazon SimpleDB, currently in limited beta, allows developers to run queries on structured data. It

operates in concert with EC2 and S3 to provide "the core functionality of a database."[3] Amazon AWS Authentication is an implicit service, the authentication infrastructure used to authenticate

access to the various services. Amazon Fulfillment Web Service provides a programmatic API for sellers to ship items to and from

Amazon using Fulfillment By Amazon.


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Standards: Application Communications (HTTP, XMPP) Security (OAuth, OpenID, SSL/TLS[52]) Syndication (Atom) Client Browsers (AJAX) Offline (HTML 5) Infrastructure

Virtualization (OVF[53]) Platform Solution stacks (LAMP) Service Data (XML, JSON) Web Services (REST)

A soup of closed APIs.


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Implications Tim O'Reilly vs. Nick Carr, cloud oligopolies Photoshop online Internet of things Metaverse

APIs and walled gardens Government regulation on privacy Cloud deletion, inaccessibility "Microsoft will use an approach in which servers arrive at

the data center in a sealed container, already networked

together and ready to go. The container itself is thenhooked up to power, networking, and air conditioning."http://news.cnet.com/8301-10805_3-10020902-75.html?hhTest=1

Emerging market development



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Professor Michael Nelson's Holy Grid

From Professor Michael Nelson's powerpoint slides.

The Cloud and the Grid

Documents

Transcript of The Cloud and the Grid