THE CLEGHORN COLLECTION:

the COPY ILLUSTRATIONS

The c. 1564 plates copied from books, and 218 from journals are of great interest, not only

artistically (the way in which one medium is translated into another), but in terms of which

species Cleghorn chose to have copied. The subjects are mainly Indian species or ones that

might be introduced to Indian gardens. Some bear original notes by Cleghorn – e.g. on

distribution, synonymy and other literature references, or historical (e.g. Rhodomyrtus

tomentosus the only ‘alpine’ [i.e. Nilgiri] species illustrated in Plukenet – all the rest are from

near the seashore [i.e. close to Fort St George]).

Sometimes more than one artist produced copies from a single book/journal, suggesting they

were done over a long period. The first period is perhaps when Cleghorn used T.

Rungasawmy. A few where there are two versions of the same plate by different artists

Must all have been done in Madras 1850–60. What books used? Some from his own library,

so that copies could be incorporated into his illustration/notes collection; others from books

that he didn’t own, borrowed from other libraries (e.g. Redouté’s Liliacées, Rheede vols 7–

12).

Papers: mostly thin ‘tracing’. Others of higher quality – mainly wove, but a few laid.

Watermarks. One of the thin ones is French, with a blind stamp ‘Rolland Freres Bordeaux’,

which seems (according to Google) to have been widely used in various colonial contexts in

the 1850s.

Impossibly to determine authorship on stylistic grounds, as artists clearly influenced by the

nature of the original image being copied, and also by each other. Some are almost certainly

by Govindoo, but Mooroogasen could do similar wash drawings (e.g. of the Elliot marbles);

Rungasawmy sometimes recognisable by his heavy ink shading. But it is known that other

Madras School of Aart pupils were working for Cleghorn, including P. Rungasawmy (who

signed nine drawings).

PLATES FROM THE FOLLOWING WORKS COPIED:

BOOKS

BENNETT, J.J. & BROWN, R. (1838–40). Plantae Javanicae Rariores, pts 1 & 2.

London: W.H. Allen.

32 plates, ink and ink wash. On thin cream, wove paper. All in same hand, but not signed.

Plates copied: tt 2 (Polypodium papillosum), 4 (Sclerachne punctata), 6 (Leptapsis

urceolata), 8 (Phalaenopsis amabilis), 9 (Freycinetia gaudichaudii), 11 (Bragantia

tomentosa – Cleghorn annotation: ‘Belongs to the Mat. Med. of Java being used as an

Emmenagogue’), 12 (Conocephalus suaveolens – Cleghorn annotation: ‘Identical with pl.

figd.

in Bot. Reg.’), 13 (Antiaris toxicaria),14 (Pouzolzia pentandra), 15 (Gunnera

macrophylla – Cleghorn annotations: ‘Urticeae (Kunth & Gaudichaud),

Artocarpeae(Bartling) Fruit stimulating, medicinal HC’), 16 (Zippelia lappacea), 17

(Tetrameles nudiflora), 18 (Helicia javanica), 21 (Cyrtoceras reflexum – Cleghorn

annotation:’ very near Hoya’), 22 (Argostemma montanum – Cleghorn annotation:

‘Distinguishing characters – peculiar habit – short tube of corolla – Exserted anthers &c’), 23

(Lerchea longicauda), 24 (Loxotis obliqua), 26 (Horsfieldia aculeata), 27 (Tristania

obovata), 28 (Euonymus javanicus), 29 (Stylodiscus trifoliatus – Cleghorn annotation:

‘simple astringent vide Horsfield Med. Pl:’), 30 (Dialium indum), 31 (Euchresta horsfieldii),

32 (Mecopus nidulans – Cleghorn annotation: ‘also in the Tranquebar Herb. Miss.’), 33

(Phylacium bracteosum), 34 (Parochetus maculatus), 35 (Saccopetalum horsfieldii), 36

(Saurauja bracteosa), 37 (Saurauja blumiana), 38 (Munronia javanica), 39 (Phoberos

rhinanthera), 40 (Polyosma ilicifolia).

BROWNE, P. (1756). The Civil and Natural History of Jamaica. London: for the author.

4 plates, ink and ink wash. On thin wove blue/grey paper, watermarked TOWGOOD 1851.

Plates copied: tt. 3 f.2 (Lygistum); 10 f.1 (Cedrela odorata); 11 (Portlandia grandiflora); t 19

f.3 (Achras sapota).

BURMAN, J. (1737). Thesaurus Zeylanicus. Amsterdam: J-Waesberg & S. Schouten.

85 plates, ink, some with ink wash. On a variety of grey and blue/grey wove papers (some

with Rolland Freres Bordeaux blindstamp).

Plates copied: tt 1 (Acacia concinna), 2 (Dichrostachys cinerea), 6[.1 with Plukenet 9.1], 6.2

(Mollugo triphylla), 7 (Mollugo spergula), 8 (Mollugo nudicaulis & pentaphylla), 12

(Ichnocarpus frutescens), 13.1 (Kaempferia galanga), 13.2 (Asparagus falcatus), 14

(Indigofera hirsuta), 16.2 (Hydrocera triflora), 18.1 (Desmochata atropurpurea), 20.1

(Burmannia disticha), 20.3 (Spermacoce hispida), 21 (Vernonia zeylanica), 23 (Dodonea

viscosa), 24 (Toddalia aculeata), 25 (Tragia chamelaea – Cleghorn annotations: ‘An erect

growing plant, with linear leaves, spiked inflorescence & 3-coccous echinate fruit’), 26

(Aerua lanata), 27 (Cinnamomum zeylanicum), 29 (Clerodendron infortunatum), 30

(Memecylon capitellatum), 31 (Memecylon ramiflorum), 32 (Tephrosia purpurea), 33

(Tephrosia villosa), 35 (Crotalaria laburnifolia), 37 (Cajanus indicus), 38 (Sesamum

orientale), 39 (Elaeagnus conferta – Cleghorn annotation: ‘Common in W. Mysore fruit acid

used for tarts’), 40 (Elaeagnus oblongus), 41 (Sesbania aegyptiaca), 42 (Adenostemma

madurense), 43 (Asplenium falcatum), 47.1 (Isolepis barbata), 47.2 (Eleusine indica), [47.3 –

with Plukenet 300.2], 48 (Colubrina asiatica), 50[.1 with Plukenet 102.1], 50.2 (Dicerma

biarticulatum), 51 (Desmodium umbellatum), 53 (Desmodium polycarpum), 54 (Desmodium

triflorum), 56 (Gomphia angustifolia), 57 (Ixora coccinea), 58.2 (Jasminum sambac), 60

(Calophyllum burmanni), 61 (Zizyphus oenoplia), 63 (Leucas biflora), 64 (Ophioxylon

zeylanicum), 65 (Polycarpon corymbosa), 65.1 (Atalantia monophylla), 66 (Lycopodium

cernuum), 67 (Exacum zeylanicum), 68 (Waltheria indica), [69.2 – with Plukenet 74.1], 70.2

(Geniospermum prostratum), 71.1 (Anisomeles ovata), 74 (Grewia microcos), 75 (Moringa

polygona), 77 (Wrightia tinctoria), 80.1 (Ocimum sanctum), 80.2 (Ocimum sanctum), 81

(Desmodium triquetrum), 82 (Indigofera pauciflora), 83 (Piper betle), 83.1 (Hemidesmus

indicus), 84.1 (Pseudarthria viscida), 84.2 (Rhynchosia medicaginea), 85 (Ionidium

enneaspermum), 88 (Phyllanthus multiflorus), 89 (Connarus monocarpus), 90 (Croton

tiglium), 91 (Croton lacciferum), 92 (Tragia involucrata), 97 (Cassia abrus), 98 (Cassia

sophera), 99 (Polanisia icosandra), 100 (Cleome monophylla & burmanni), 101 (Cocculus

burmanni), 102 (Solanum indicum), 106.1 (Tribulus lanuginosus), 106.2 (Stylosanthus

mucronata), 107 (Hedyotis fruticosa), 108.1 (Hedyotis rheedii), 108.2 (Galega maxima), 109

(Vitex trifolia).

BURMAN, N.L. (1768). Flora Indica. Leiden & Amsterdam: C. Haak & J. Schreuder.

141 plates, ink (very sparing wash). On a variety of blue/grey, grey, and cream papers, mostly

wove, some laid (t 52.3 has an 1845 watermark).

Plates copied: tt. 1.1, 2; 2, 3.1,2; 4.1–3; 5.1, 2, 3, 4; 6.1–3; 7.4; 8.1–3; 9.1–4; 10.1, 2; 11.1–3;

12.1, 2, 3; 13.1–3; 14.1,.3; 14.1; 15.1–5; 16.1, 3; 17; 18.1, [2 – mounted with Shimoga 49];

19.1–4; 20.1, 2; 21.1–3; 21*.1–3; 22.2; 23; 24.1, 2; 25.1, 3; 26.1, 2; 27.1, 2; 28.1, 2; 29.1, 2;

30.1–3; 31.1, 3; 32.1, 2; 33.2; 34.1, 2; 35.1, 2; 36.2, 3; 37.1; 38.1, 3; 39.2, 4; 40.1, 2; 41.1–3;

42.1, 2; 43.1, 2; 44; 45.1, 2; 46.1–3; 47.1, 2; 48.1–3; 49.1–3; 50.1; 51.1–3; 52.1–3; 53.1, 2;

54.1, 2; 55.1, 2; 56; 57.1, 3; 58.2, 4; 59.1, 2; 60.2–5; 62.1, 2; 63.2; 64.1, 2; 65.1.

CAVANILLES, A.J. (1790). Monadelphia Classis Dissertationes Decem. Diss. 10 – De

Passiflora. Madrid: Typographia Regia.

31 plates, ink and ink wash. All on thin cream wove paper (possibly by T. Rungasawmy, but

not signed).

Plates copied: tt 265 (Passiflora suberosa), 266 (Granadilla minima), 267(P. lutea), 268 (P.

rubra), 269 (P. punctata), 270 (P. longifolia), 271 (P. vespertilio), 272 (P. multiflora), 273

(P. cuprea), 274 (P. peltata), 275 (P. tomentosa), 276 (P. tomentosa), 277 (P. tacso), 278 (P.

adulterina), 279 (P. serratifolia), 280 (P. coccinea), 281 (P. glandulosa), 282 (P.

mucronata), 283 (P. quadrangularis), 284 (P. laurifolia), 285 (P. tiliaefolia), 286 (P.

orbiculata), 287 (P. murucina), 288 (P. biflora), 289 (P. foetida), 290 (P. rotundifolia), 291

(P. holosericea), 292 (P. cuneifolia), 293 (P. incarnata), 294 (P. filamentosa), 295 (P.

caerulea), 296 (P. serrata).

COMMELIN, C. (1715). Praeludia Botanica. Leiden: J. du Vivie.

1 plate, ink and ink wash. On thin cream wove paper, signed T. Rungasawmy.

Plate copied: t. 6 (Euphorbia neriifolia).

COMMELIN, C. (1715). Horti Meidicae Amstelaedamensis. Leiden: J. du Vivie.

1 plate, ink and ink wash. On thin cream wove paper, signed T. Rungasawmy.

Plate copied: t. 24 (Crassula coccinea).

DESFONTAINES, R.L. (1798). Flora Atlantica, vol 1. Paris: L.G. Desgranges.

1 plate, ink. On thin, blue/grey wove paper.

Plate copied: t. 15 (Dactylis repens).

ENDLICHER, S. (1837–41). Iconographia Genera Plantarum. Vienna: F. Beck.

16 plates, ink (very little ink wash). On fine cream, wove paper, watermark J WHATMAN

TURKEY MILL 1856 (very fine, similar to the Jacquemont set).

Plates copied: tt 3 (Anguillaria dioica), 4 (Eustrephus latifolius), 13 (Xyris operculata), 19

(Putranjiva roxburghii), 20 (Centrostachys aquatica), 21 (Ruizia fragrans), 24 (Hackea

acicularis), 27 (Blandfordia nobilis), 30 (Pisonia grandis), 42 (Ravenala madagascariensis –

Cleghorn annotations ‘[Sonnerat] Voy.II.223.t.124, Lam: Ill.t.222 v.III.p.244’), 43

(Gyrocarpus sphenopterus), 50 (Sesamum indicum – Cleghorn annotations ‘Sim’s Bot. Mag.

t.1788, End. Gen. pl.4105’), 64 (Sarcostemma australe), 93 (Anticharis arabica), 107

(Roussea simplex – Cleghorn annotations ‘End. Gen. pl.4680, Lam. t.75, Poir. Dic. VI.318’),

119 (Ploesslea floribunda).

FORSSKAL, P. (1775). Flora Aegyptiaco-Arabica. Copenhagen: Möller.

1 plate, ink and ink wash. On thin blue/grey paper (possibly by Rungasawmy, but not

signed).

Plate copied: t. 2 (Vitis quadrangularis).

GAERTNER, J. (1790, 1791). De Fructibus et Seminibus Plantarum, vol 2. Tübingen: G.H.

Schramm.

4 partial plates, ink and ink wash. 3 on thin cream wove paper; 1 on thin grey/blue wove

paper.

Plates copied: tt 99 (Heritiera littoralis), 114 (Unona discolor, mounted with Vahl Symb. Bot.

t 36), 118 (mounted with Hermann Parad. Bat. p 204), 153.2 (Morinda citrifolia).

GAERTNER, C.F. (1805–7). Supplementum Carpologicae. Leipzig: C.F.E. Richter.

8 plates, ink and ink wash. 6 on thin cream, wove paper; 1 on grey; 1 on blue/grey.

Plates copied: tt 186 (Shorea robusta), 186. 2 (Dryobalanops aromatica), 188 (Dipterocarpus

turbinatus) 188 (Lophira alata), 193 (Vangueria cymosa), 208 (Diospyros commersonii etc),

221 (Persea gratissima).

GRIFFITH, W. (1847–54). Icones Plantarum Asiaticarum. Calcutta.

(Note. 5 signed P. Govindoo, 5 PR [P. Rungasawmy], one TR [T. Rungasawmy])

68 plates, ink (few with wash). On various papers, thin cream and blue/grey wove.

Plates copied: 363 (Pinus spinulosa), 364 (Pinus deodar), 365 (Pinus griffithii), 366 (Pinus

escelsa, signed Govindoo), 367 (Pinus khasyanus, signed P. Govindoo), 368 (Pinus

khasyanus), 369 (Pinus longifolia, signed P. Govindoo), 370 (Pinus longifolia, signed P.

Govindoo), 371 (Abies webbiana, traces (trimmed) of Govindoo signature), 372 (Cupressus

torulosis), 373 (Juniperus recurva), 374 (Juniperus recurva, signed P. Govindoo), 382

(Fagraea obovata), 385 (Villarsia eglandulosa), 386 (Wrightia sp.), 414.1 (Scleramphalos,

Cleghorn annotation: ‘Lycopsis arvensis fide T.T[homson]’), 414.2 (Solanum trilobatum),

419 (Wulfenia obliqua), 422 (Buddlaea, Cleghorn annotation: ‘Teucrium macrostachyum

Wall. fide Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soc. I p. 68. 1856), 423.1 (Styrax grandiflora), 423.2

(Aeginetia indica), 443 (Gmelina arborea), 450 (Salvia plectranthoides), 474.1 (Morinda

bracteata), 475 (Ophiorhizae sp., signed TR), 477 (Kohautia), 479.3 (Paederia foetida), 487

(Phytocrene macrocarpa), 489 (Phytocrene stylocarpa), 492 (Clypea), 493 (Natsiatum

gamosepalum), 498 (Edgworthia), 499 (Chloripetalum), 500.1 (Chloripetalum), 512

(Thibaudia gaultherifolia), 529 (Aristolochia indica), 552 (Ficus elastica), 553 (Ficus

affinis), 554 (Ficus papyrifera), 557.1 (Ficus caudata), 557.3 (Ficus rubifolia), 559 (Ficus

longipes, F. bistipulata), 560 (Ficus oppositifolia), 566.2 (Odina pinnata, signed PR), 585.15

[in stitched species fascicle], 589 (Aglaia), 591 (Leptospartion grandiflora), 592.1

(Lagerstroemia parviflora), 593 (Anisadenia pubescens), 594 (Heteropyxis), 595 (Kydia

jujubifolia), 596 (Durio zibethinus, signed PR), 605 (Passiflora sp., signed PR), 607.2 (Viola

sp., signed PR), 619.2 (Salacia myrtifolia, signed PR), 627 (Tamarix dioica), 631 (Viscum

monoicum x 2, one signed by PR), 636.2 (Barringtonia racemosa), 637 (Melastoma glauca),

641 (Bruguiera parietosa), 643 (Combreti sp.), 644.A (Lumnitzera, Cleghorn annotation:

‘Error HC. Ipithima Malayan Gr.’), 646 (Embamma caudigera), 647 (Leontice secunda), 648

(Berberis asiatica), 649 (Wormia suffruticosa), 653 (Tyalostemma), 656 (Magnoliaa

campbellii).

GRIFFITH, W. (1850) Palms of British India. Calcutta.

1 plate, ink. On think grey wove paper.

Plate copied: t. 235a (Arenga saccharifera).

HERMANN, P. (1698). Paradisus Batavus. Leiden: A. Elzevier.

14 plates, ink and ink wash. 9 on thin cream, wove paper (mostly signed TR); 5 on thin

grey/blue wove paper with blind stamp ‘Rolland Freres Bordeaux’ (not by TR). Two versions

of p 230 – one by TR, the other not.

Plates copied: p. 11 (Drymaria cordata – TR), p. 24 & (bis) (Gomphocarpus fruticosa – TR),

p. 36 (Asclepias curassavica – TR), p. 78 (Arum trilobatum – TR), p. 93 (Arum polyphyllum),

p. 105 (Hydrocera triflora – TR), p. 107 (Bryonia zeylanica), p. 204 (Nigella orientalis), p.

213 (Trianthema monogyna – TR), p. 217 (Dioscorea bulbifera – TR), p. 230 (Sinapis

juncea), p. 230 (Sinapis juncea – TR), p. 246 (Xanthium).

HOOKER, J.D. (1855). Illustrations of Himalayan Plants. London.

1 plate, ink and ink wash. On think cream wove paper (probably by Govindoo).

Plate copied: t. 20 (Quercus lamellosa).

HOOKER, J.D. (1854). Himalayan Journals. London.

3 plates, ink and ink wash. On fine, cream, wove paper (possibly Rungasawmy, but

unsigned).

Plates copies: vol. 2, p. 9 (Pandanus), 269 (‘Living Bridge’ – Ficus spp.), 349 (‘Gurjun Tree’

– Dipterocarpus turbinatus).

HOOKER, W.J. & ARNOTT, G.A.W. (1833, 1838). The Botany of Captain Beechey’s

Voyage. London: H.G. Bohn.

2 plates, ink (with little wash). On thin blue/grey wove paper.

Plates copied: tt 34 (Aglaia odorata), 50 (Polypodium subtriphyllum).

JACQUEMONT, V. (1841–4). Voyages dans l’Inde par Victor Jacquemont. Paris: Firmin

Didot frères.

161 plates, ink (little wash). On thin cream wove paper. 2 artists, a few duplicated, one by

each, one of which copies border and engraver’s name so like a facsimile.

Plates copied: tt. 1–3, 5–8, 10–15, 19, 20, 21 (x 2), [22 – mounted with Shimoga 412], 25, 27,

28, 30–38, 39 (x 2), 40–57, 59–66, 68–72, 75–81, 83–109, 111 (x 2), 112, 113 (x 2), 114,

115, 116 (x 2), 117–146, 148–154, 156, 158, 160, 162–172, 175, 177–180.

21, 111, 113, 116 (x 2).

KAEMPFER, E. (1712). Amoenitates Exoticarum Politico-Physico-Medicarum. Lemgo:

H.W. Meyer.

4 plates, ink and ink wash. On thin, wove whitish paper (possibly by Rungasawmy, but not

signed).

Plates copied: on pp. 783 (Smilax china), 828 (Phytolacca octandra), 838 (Soja hispida), 843

(Catalpa kaempferi).

KNOWLES, G.B. & WESTCOTT, F. (1837–40). The Floral Cabinet. 3 vols. London: W.

Smith & J.M. Knott

63 plates, fully coloured. 13 are signed ‘TR’. Paper: some on thin cream, wove (largely TR);

some on thin grey/blue wove (probably not by Rungasawmy). The fact of two artists, and that

done at two times is shown as tt 67 and 78 are done twice, once on blue, once on cream paper

and clearly in different hands. Some have Cleghorn’s notes on verso.

Plates copied: tt 2 (Turnera elegans – Cleghorn annotation: ‘leaves are not so sharply serrated

as here represented. Two glands at the base’), 4 (Cyrtopodium punctatum), 5 (Salvia

ceratophylla – signed TR), 6 (Passiflora kermesina – Cleghorn annotation ‘A.H. Gardens’), 7

(Delphinium puniceum, signed TR), 8 (Aspasia epidendroides – Cleghorn annotation ‘see

misc. matter of Bot. Reg. 1843, p.47’), 9 (Pimelea nivea), 10 (Aquilegia glandulosa), 11

(Calceolaria punctata var. hybrida), 12 (Oncidium papilio), 13 (Ceanothus collina), 15

(Cycnoches loddigesii – signed TR), 16 (Delphinium divaricatum), 17 (Calceolaria mirabilis

var. hybrida – signed TR), 18 (Solanum campanulatum – signed TR), 19 (Pleurothallis

ciliata – Cleghorn annotation: ‘see Misc. Matter Bot. Reg. ? March. 40. p. 24’), 20

(Aethionema membranaceum), 22 (Hibiscus splendens – signed TR), 23 (Calanthe densiflora

– signed TR), 24 (Linaria triornithophora – signed TR), 25 (Begonia octopetala – signed

TR), 27 (Gaillardia drummondii – Cleghorn annotation: ‘Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3368.’ – signed

TR), 28 (Teucrium abutiloides – signed TR), 33 (Poinsettia pulcherrima – Cleghorn

annotation: ‘The rose-like whorl of scarlet bracts – wch.

terminate the branches are a foot

across & equal the tint of Hibiscus Rosa Sinensis’), 36 (Rondeletia odorata – Cleghorn

annotation: ‘a beautiful plant vieing with Ixora coccinea’), 46 (Sieversia montana), 47

(Cosmos diversifolius), 49 (Barkeria elegans), 50 (Chorozema cordata), 51 (Iris deflexa), 52

(Hippeastrum aulicum), 53 (Brassia cochleata – Cleghorn annotation: ‘see Misc. Matter p.

23’), 57 (Cyrtochilum maculatum), 59 (Ismene knightii), 60 (Oncidium intermedium), 61

(Gesneria dependens), 62 (Oxalis braziliensis), 64 (Oncidium crispum), 66 (Astragalus

laxmannii), 67 (Tanghinia veneniflua x 2, by different artists), 68 (Govenia liliacea), 69

(Siphonocampylus bicolor), 70 (Peristeria guttata – signed TR), 71 (Choretis glauca), 72

(Pimelia cernua – signed TR), 74 (Pentstemon mackayanus), 75 (Aerides odoratum –

annotation by Cleghorn: ‘to the graceful appearance of the long pendulous racemes – the

delicate colour, the delicious fragrance – is to be added the long time they last HC’), 76

(Platystemon leiocarpum), 77 (Sphenogyne speciosa),

78 (Cerbera manghas x 2 by two different artists, one signed TR. Cleghorn annotation: ‘This

is a very handsome small tree– Its delicate whit fl. usually arranged in threes with a rose cold.

eye, cannot fail to be admired. Rumph. says that the natives boil & eat the leaves mixed with

other pot herbs wch.

thus act as a gentle laxative: the bark is used in Java & Amboyna as a f...

cathartic. Not so in the Madras Peninsula altho’ Burm. says that if carefully prepared it may

be usefully administered in dropsical cases’),

79 (Oncidium lanceanum), 80 (Fuchsia cylindracea), 81 (Crucianella stylosa, signed TR), 82

(Hibiscus cameroni), 83 (Maxillaria aureo-fulva), 84 (Cuphea lanceolata), 85 (Amphicome

arguta – Cleghorn annotation: ‘The generic name is given on account of the delicate hairy

appendages to the seed’), 86 (Viola palmaensis), 87 (Epithecia glauca), 97 (Lathyrus

purpureo-caeruleus), 98 (Poinciana pulcherrima).

LABILLARDIERE, J.J. HOUTTOU de. (1800). Relation du Voyage à la Recherche de la

Pérouse. London: J. Stockdale.

4 plates, ink and ink wash. On several blue/grey papers, some wove, some laid.

Plates copied: tt 13 (Eucalyptus globulus), 14 (Exocarpus cupressiformis), 20 (Eucalyptus

cornuta), 22 (Anigozanthos rufa).

LAMARCK, J.B. (?1823). Tableau Encyclopédique et Méthodique ... Botanique. Paris:

Pancouke.

Note. These appear to be from the 1823 reissue – reversed left/right from the original edition.

146 plates, ink and ink wash. On various thin cream wove papers. (Some by T Rungasawmy).

(Some, e.g. t. 387 in a different and very distinct hand; 485 different still – perhaps exercised

by other Art School pupils). Note. Some (?earlier ones) are signed with his full name: T

Rungasawmy Pillay.

Plates copied: tt 9.2, 38 (x 2), 40.3, 41.1, 43.1, 2, 44.2, 45.2, 47, 48 (x 4), 49 (TR), 50.3, 51

(TR), 51.2, 62, 66. 77.3, 80.1, 112.1, 116.2, , 120 (x 2), 124.2, 129.2, 136, 139, 153.3, 154,

156, 159, 161.1, 186, 194, [220 – mounted with Plukenet 41.6], 255, 276 (x 2), 277.2, 3,

284.2 (TR), 284.1, 289, 297.1, 300 (x 2), 301, 304, 306 (TR), 306, 308, 310, 311, 325, 329

(TR), 331, 350, 351, 353.1, 2, 354, 356, 357, 359 (TR), 381 (x 2), 387, 397, 400.2, 401,

408.2, 413, 429, 445 (TR), 454 (TR), 459.1, 472, 472.1, 478 (TR), 485, 493, 495.1 (TR),

495.1, 495, 543, 547 (TR), 549, 549, 570.2 (TR), 576.2 (TR), 576.1 (TR), 576.1 (TR), 577.1,

578.1 (TR), 578.2 (TR), 579.1/2 (TR), 580.1/2 (TR), 580, 583.1/2 (TR), 587 (TR), 588 (TR),

599 (TR), 606 (TR), 627 (TR), 634 (TR), 635 (TR), 636 (TR), 637 (TR), 640 (TR), 641, 661

(TRP), 733, 735 (TR), 736, 768, 770 (TR), 771, 791 (x 2, one TR), 792, 792, 793, 794 (TRP),

794 (TRP), 795 (TR), 796.2 (TR), 798, 807 (TR), 816, 821 (TR), 823 (TR), 826, 830.2, 838,

[838.4 – mounted with Plukenet 32.4], 839, 839, 840, 841, 841, 850 (x 2, one TR), 897, 900.

LINDLEY, J. (1821) Collectanea Botanica, pts 1–6. London: R. & A. Taylor.

8 plates, fully coloured. On thick cream wove paper. One is done on the verso of a nature-

printed leaf pair. Descriptions copied on verso by Cleghorn. Particularly fine copies, almost

Western in painting technique – but why are only some copied – presumably Cleghorn chose

ones in which he had a particular interest – e.g. for growing in Madras, or for teaching

taxonomy?

Plates copied: tt 4 (Pilea muscosa), 9 (Securinega nitida), 10 (Oenothera dentata), 18

(Metrosideros vera), 19 (Myrtus disticha), 21 (Cephaelis calycina), 24 (Puschkinia

scilloides), 26 (Theophrasta jussiaei).

LOUDON, Mrs J.W. (1840). The Ladies’ Flower Garden of Ornamental Annuals. London:

William Smith.

3 plates, full colour. On thick, wove cream paper (with Cleghorn’s pencil notes on verso).

Plates copied: tt. 18.4 (Calandrinia grandiflora); 23.9 (Tetragonolobus purpureus); 31.15

(Callichroa platyglossa).

NEES von ESENBECK, T.F.L. [with M.F. Weyhe, J.W. Wolter & P.W. Funke). (1828–33).

Plantae Medicinales oder Sammlung Offizineller Pflanzen. Düsseldorf: Anstalt Arnz & Co.

22 plates, some coloured, some ink. On thin whitish wove paper.

Plates copied: tt 24 (Acorus calamus), 25A (Cyperus rotundus), 25B (Cyperus officinalis),

40B (Calamus viminalis), 40B (Calamus sp.), 40B (Calamus draco), 42 (Dracaena draco),

60 (Amomum zerumbet – Cleghorn annotations ‘Rheed. XI.13, Rumph. V.t.64.f.1’), 62

(Curcuma zerumbet), 63 (Smilax china – Cleghorn annotations: ‘procurable in Madras &c;

vide Loureiro; Sankira Quaquara (Kaempf.), Thu fu Lui (Chine)’), 68 (Alpinia galanga), 77

(Phaseolus vulgaris – Cleghorn annotation: ‘common white or Kidney Bean’), 184 (Ocymum

basilicum), 189 (Solanum nigrum), 190 (Capsicum annuum), 211 (Styrax benzoin), 355

(Boswellia serrata – Cleghorn annotation ‘As: Res: IX.p.379’), 365 (Anamirta cocculus), 371

(Illicium anisatum), 414 (Malva rotundifolia), 416 (Alcea rosea), 419 (Theobroma cacao).

PLUKENET, L. (1691 etc). Phytographia. London: for the author.

187 plates, ink. On thin wove blue/grey paper, many with Rolland Frères Bordeaux

blindstamp.

Plates copied: tt. 5.2, 3, 4; 6.2; 9.1, 3, 5; 10.1, 3, 4, 5; 12.3; 14.4; 22.4; 25.2; 26.4; 31.1; 32.4;

34.2; 41.5, 6; 44.1, 5; 47.9 [mounted with Burman Thesaurus Zeylanicus t 66]; 48.9; 50.4;

52.1, 2, 3; 55.3; 56.2; 60.1, 2, 3; 63.1; 64.4, 6; 69.1[with Burman Thes. Zeyl.t 106.2], 3[with

Burman Thes. Zeyl. t 88]; 74.1; 75.8; 82.2; 97.2, 6; 98.6; 99.3; 102.1; 105.2; 108.2, 7; 109.4;

118.2, 4; 119.1; 120.7, 8[with Burman Thes. Zeyl. t 85]; 121.4, 5[with Burman Thes. Zeyl. t

2], 6; 122.2; 125.3; 126.4, 5; 127.3, 4; 128.3; 130.5; 131.2; 132.2, 3, 4; 133.4; 136.2; 139.1;

150.5, 6; 151.3; 152.2; 159.4; 163.2; 164.2; 165.5; 166.2; 171.3, 4; 172.1; 173.3, 4; 175.3;

177.6; 178.3; 188.1, 2, 3, 4; 189.5; 190.1, 5, 6; 191.1; 192.2, 3; 197.2; 203.5; 205.4 [with

Hort. Mal. 10: t 8]; 208.3, 4, 5; 210.3; 211.4; 213. [1, with Burman Thes Zeyl t 37], 6; 216.3,

4; 217.2, 3; 220.1, 4, 6, 8; 221.4, 7; 224.3 [in stitched species fascicle]; 225.3; 226.2, 3;

226.7; 241.4; 245.2; 246.4; 247.5; 251.1; 254.3; 255.3, 4; 257.4; 259.2; 260.2 [on verso of

Hort. Mal. 10: t 59]; 262.3, 4; 263.1, 2; 274.2, 3; 299.1; 300.2,7, 8; 303.3; 305.3, 4; 310.3;

312.4, 6; 314.4; 316.5; 319.7; 321.2; 330.1; 331.1; 332.9; 334.2, 4; 335.4; 338.[.3 mounted

with Shimoga 412], 4; 345.7; 351.4; 352.5; 355.5; 356.1, 6; 357.1, 3, 4, 6; 367.1, 5; 371.2;

372.1; 373.2; 384.1, 2, 3, 6, 7; 386.7 [with Burman Flora Indica 48.2]; 397.2, 4; 407.1;

416.4, 6; 417.7; 429.2; 431.6; 432.3; 433.1; 439.6; 441.1; 442.3; 448.4; 451.1, 10.

Note. Each individual figure (of the original composite plate) is usually, but always copied on

a separate sheet.

RALPH, T.S. (1849). Icones Carpologicae. London: William Pamplin.

69 plates, ink and ink wash. All on thin, wove whitish paper (possibly by Rungasawmy, but

not signed).

Plates copied: tt 1.5 (Inga dulcis), 1.6 (Inga lobata), 3.5 (Vachellia farnesiana), 3.8 (Acacia

leucophloea), 3.9 (Acacia latronum), 4.2 (Acacia catechu), 4.4, 5, 6 (Acacia spp.), 4.7

(Acacia intsia), 5.1 (Albizzia lebbek), 5.2 (Albizzia amara), 5.3 (Albizzia procera), 6.2

(Lucaena glauca), 6.3 (Entada scandens), 9.7 (Adenanthera pavonia), 10.3 (Parkia

biglobosa), 12.2 (Hardwickia binata), 13.4 (Jonesia asoca), 14.6 (Bauhinia anguina), 14.7

(Bauhinia corymbosa), 15.1 (Bauhinia racemosa), 15.2 (Bauhinia variegata), 15.4 (Bauhinia

vahlii), 15.5 (Bauhinia semibifida), 16.4 (Cynometra cauliflora), 16.5 (Cynometra

polyandra), 17.2 (Cassia fistula),17. 3 (Cassia rhombifolia),17. 4 (Cassia marginata), 17.6

(Cassia bicapsularis), 18.2 (Cassia alata), 18.7 (Cassia obtusa), 19.7 (Mezoneurum

sumatranum), 20.2 (Caesalpinia digyna), 20.7 (Caesalpinia coriaria), 22.1 (Mezoneurum

cucullatum), 27.5 (Millettia piscidia), 27.8 (Pongamia atropurpurea), 29.1–3 (Pterocarpus

spp.), 29.10–11 (Robinia spp.), 30.12 (Pachyrrhizus angulatus), 30.13 (Psophocarpus

tetragonolobus), 31.1 (Dolichos ciliatus), 31.2 (Dolichos falcatus), 31.3 (Dolichos sinesnsis),

31.4 (Phaseolus rostratus), 31.5 (Phaseolus torosus), 31.6 (Phaseolus fuscus), 31.8

(Phaseolus lunatus), 31.9 (Cyrtotropis carnea), 31.10 (Wisteria japonica), 31.11 (Wisteria

sinensis), 32.1 (Butea frondosa), 32.2 & 3 (Butea spp.), 32.5 (Erythrina indica), 32.6

(Erythrina stricta), 33.1 (Mucuna atropurpurea), 33.3 (Mucuna gigantea), 33.5 (Mucuna

capitata), 33.6 (Mucuna prurita), 34.1 (Mucuna monosperma), 34.2 (Mucuna anguina), 34.4

(Mucuna nivea), 34.5 (Mucuna macrocarpa), 35.1 (Canavalia ensiformis), 35.2 (Canavalia

virosa), 35.3 (Canavalia turgida), 35.4 (Canavalia obcordata), 39.7 & 10 (Sesbania

pachycarpa).

REDOUTÉ, P.J. [with A.P. de Candolle (vols 1–4), and F. Delaroche (vols 5–6)] (1802–15).

Les Liliacées. Paris. Note: see letter to J.H. Balfour 26 iv 1853 – Cleghorn got painters copy

in hot weather when he could not obtain wild plants for them.

105 in total. Note. Where was the copy available in Madras for Cleghorn to have copied?

Perhaps the Art School?

Group 1.

31 plates, ink, pure outline (very few with details ink-washed). On pale greyish, thin wove

paper. Many with blindstamp: crest of greyhound, above which ‘B F’ (caps), below which

interlocked ‘TD’ monogram (one with Rolland Freres blindstamp).

Plates copied: tt 1 (Dianella ensifolia), 2 (Lachenalia tricolor), 3 (Hemerocallis japonica), 4

(Agapanthus umbellatus), 5 (Lilium pomponium), 6 (Tigridia pavonia), 12 (Anisanthus

cunonia), 13 (Helonias bullata), 14 (Hyacinthus amethystina), 16 (Hemerocallis fulva), 18

(Iris suziana), 22 (Lachenalia pallida), 25 (Merendera bulbocodium), 28 (Ferraria

undulata), 30 (Ixia filiformis), 35 (Gladiolus tristis), 40 (Alstoemeria ligtu), 41 (Galaxia

ixiaeflora), 42 (Vieusseuxia glaucopsis), 43 (Limodorum tankervillae), 45 (Moraea

iridioides), 46 (Alstroemeria pelegrina), 47 (Sisyrinchium convolutum), 49 (Kaempferia

longa), 51 (Fritillaria latifolia), 52 (Lachenalia pendula), 53 (Gladiolus securigera), 54

(Diasia iridifolia), 56 (Moraea vaginata), 58 (Anthericum milleflorum), 59 (Drimia

lanceaefolia), 175 (Eucomis regiae).

Group 2.

28 plates, fully coloured (more than one artist). On cream or pale greyish paper, mostly thin

wove.

tt 21 (Albuca minor), 23 (Iris florentina), 80 (Convallaria japonica), 151 (Heliconia

psittacorum), 176 (Anigosanthos flavida),

178 (Asphodelus fistulosus – Cleghorn annotation: ‘Moench has separated this Asphodelus

from the others on a/c of its stamens – alternately large & small’),

184 (Uvularia perfoliata), 190 (Gladiolus graminifolius), 206 (Commelina vulgaris), 277

(Yucca filamentosa), 278 (Yucca filamentosa), 290 (Sanseviera zeylanica), 313 (Echeandia

tenuiflora), 341 (Sowerbea juncea), 342 (Peronia stricta), 360 (Phalangium pendulum), 364

(Gladiolus tuluflorus), 380 (Asphodelus capillaris), 382 (Massonia angustifolia), 386

(Massonia violacea), 394 (Neotlia speciosa), 411 (Sagittaria ovata), 421 (Scilla poeridiana),

430 (Drimia elata), 442 (Medeola asparagoides), 461 (Zigadenus glaberrimus), 464

(Ophiostachys virginica).

Group 3.

46 plates, fully coloured. On thin blue wove paper.

Plates copied: tt 72 (Pontederia cordata), 77 (Strelitzia reginae), 91 (Dracaena terminalis),

92 (Dracaena reflexa), 113 (Epidendrum sinense), 114 (Epidendrum aloifolium), 116 (Scilla

maritima), 131 (Fritillaria imperialis), 144 (Kaempferia galanga), 147 (Polianthes

tuberosa), 168 (Tradescantia discolor), 174 (Globba erecta), 191 (Phalangium elatum), 201

(Canna indica), 207 (Commelina africana), 210 (Lilium bulbiferum), 257 (Flagellaria

indica), 323 (Sanseviera carnea), 328 (Agave yuccaefolia), 329 (Agave yuccaefolia), 330

(Sanseviera guineensis), 331 (Canna gigantea), 348 (Crinum asiaticum), 389 (Kaempferia

angustifolia),

395 (Lilium tigrinum – Cleghorn annotation: ‘One of the most remarkable plants of this

beautiful genus. In the angles of the leaves are several bulblets wch

. falling to the ground

propagate new plants’),

401 (Yucca aloifolia – Cleghorn annotation: ‘3 or Four ft. high – the stem does not generally

divide, occasionally it separates into 2 or 3 branches’),

402 (Yucca aloifolia), 403 (Agapanthus umbellatus), 416 (Veratrum nigrum), 433 (Ixia

crispa),

436 (Hedychium coronarium – Cleghorn annotation: ‘The fl. are worn in the hair- It is easily

propagated by the root: the seeds seldom ripen’),

440 (Veltheimia glauca), 445 (Tulipa cornuta),

447 (Veratrum album – Cleghorn annotation: ‘St. 4 feet high large plantagineous leaves

Surmounted with a large branching panicle & greenish yellow flowers, Off. part The root’),

449 (Phormium tenax – Cleghorn annotation: ‘This inhabitant of N. Zealand makes strong

cordage (as hemp) ... beat the leaves & mas... the fibres till they are white as snow– Th ..

fibres are not very durable’),

451 (Asparagus tricarinatus), 453 (Witsenia corymbosa), 460 (Asparagus sarmentosus),

462 (Aristea cyanaea – Cleghorn annotation: ‘The genus was founded by Aiton the awned

spathes being the peculiarity’),

463 (Witsenia maura), 468 (Colchicum autumnale), 473 (Curcuma longa), 474 (Albuca

fastigiata),

475 (Lilium tigrinum – Cleghorn annotation: ‘Propagates itself by bulblets, wch

. it produces

on the stem by the angles of the leaves – these become strong the 2d year tho weak &

crowded the 1st year. Ornaments to the gardens of China & Japan’),

484 (Ferraria ferrariola), 485 (Agave spicata).

ROXBURGH, W. (1795–1820). Plants of the Coast of Coromandel. London: W. Bulmer &

Co. Note: see letter to J.H. Balfour 26 iv 1853 – Cleghorn got his painters to copy in hot

weather when he could not obtain wild plants.

150 plates, mostly coloured, some only ink. On a variety of papers, one thin greyish wove

with ‘Commercial Post [ship logo] 1851’ blindstamp. More than one artist involved

(Govindoo certainly did many of vol 3).

Plates copies: tt 1, 5, 7–10, 14, 15, 22, 24, 25, 28–31, 38, 41–46, 50–60, 62–69, 72, 101–104,

105 [mounted with Hort. Mal. 11: t 29], 107, 108, 111, 113–115, 119–122, 126–130, 133–

140, 144–150, 153–155, 160, 164, 166–168, 176, 178, 179, 181–184, 186–190, 193–196,

199, 200, 205–210, 212–214, 217, 219, 221, 222, 228–230, 232, 235–237, 239, 243, 246,

251, 256–258, 260, 261, 263, 266, 268, 271, 273, 278, 279, 281, 282, 285–287, 289, 290–

293, 295, 297, 299.

In the collection is another intriguing (partial) set of Roxburgh copies. These bear annotations

(with the references) in Cleghorn’s small neat hand in black ink, but the plant names in pencil

are in a different ?earlier hand, not dissimilar to that of Robert Wight. Could these be the

remains of a set Wight had copied in portable format; or could it be a set made for Cleghorn

early on – e.g. by his Shimoga artist?

The fine ink outlines are relatively crude, but the colouring is very fine; on thick watercolour

paper, with up to three species (each hugely reduced) – all from vol. 3 composed onto sheets

c. 175 x 255 mm (i.e. notebook-sized). Possible chopped up by Cleghorn himself. Missing

parts have been sought in vain in the Illustrations Collection. The copied plates are as follows

– those within each [] originally having been part of a single sheet:

[210, 211], [215, 217], [216, 225, 221], [230], [233, 234], [235], [239, 240], [242, 243], [244,

245], [249], [250, 254], [258], [259, 260], [261, 262], [263], [266], [269, 271], [272, 273,

274], [276], [277, 278], [279], [281, 282], [284], [289], [291, 293], [296, 299], [297, 298]

ROYLE, J.F. (1833–40). Illustrations of the Botany ... of the Himalayan Mountains and of

the Flora of Cashmere. London: W.H. Allen & Co.

43 plates, of three sorts (three different artists?).

On thin blue/grey wove (three with Rolland Freres blind-stamp; five with TOWGOOD 1851

watermark), 15 coloured:

Plates copied: tt 18.1 (Viola serpens), 18.2 (Viola reniformis),

19.c (Polygala crotalarioides – Cleghorn annotation: ‘Employed in Himalayas for the same

purposes as Polygala Senega is in America’),

22 (Grewia elastica), 24.1 (Eurya acuminata), 25 (Cedrela serrata), 33.1 (Uraria lagopus),

35. 2 (Smithia ciliata), 38.1 (Prinsepia utilis), 39.1 (Sieversia elata), 47.1 (Cucumis

pubescens), 47.2 (Cucumis pseudo-colocynthis), 47.3 (Cucumis hardwickii), 89.3 (Roscoea

purpurea), 96.2 (Uvularia leschenaultiana).

On thin blue/grey wove (five with TOWGOOD 1851 watermark), 18 ink and ink wash:

Plates copied: tt 35.1 (Parochetus oxalidifolia); 36.1 (Aquillaria agallocha),

37 (Cassia lanceolata – Cleghorn annotation: ‘This is the plant yielding Hughes Tinnevelly

Senna extensively exported & daily rising in public estimation’),

45 (Conocarpus latifolia), 54 (Nardostachys jatamansi), 73.2 (Lantana dubia), 75.1 (Phlomis

cashmeriana), 75.2 (Salvia hians), 80.2 (Polygonum vaccinifolium), 80.3 (Polygonum

brunonis), 81.1 (Elaeagnus parvifolia), 83.1, 2 [mounted with Hort. Mal. 7: t 59], 84.2 & 3

(Falconeria insignis & wallichiana), 91.1 (Burmannia coelestis), 94 (Smilax maculata), 97.1

(Eriocaulon sollyanum), 97.2 (Hordeum aegiceras), 97.3 (Andropogon calamus aromaticus).

On thicker cream wove, much finer, ‘facsimiles’ (some of these in Edinburgh University

Library collection).

Plates copied: tt 13 (Aconitum heterophyllum), 15 (Meconopsis aculeata), 34 (Caragana

gerardiana & Genista versicolor – EUL), 35 (Parochetus communis & Smithia ciliata –

EUL), 37 (Cassia laneolata), 72.2 (Pedicularis versicolor; 72.1 Amphicome arguta – EUL),

78 (Balanophora diocia – EUL), 89 (part – Roscoea alpina & purpurea – EUL), 89 (part –

Roscoea lutea – EUL).

SMITH, J.E. (1790). Plantarum Icones Hactenus Ineditae. Fasc. 2. London: J. Davis.

3 plates, ink. On whitish, thin, wove paper.

Plates copied: tt. 36 (Vatica chinensis), 48 (Marattia fraxinea), 49 (Acrostichum spicatum).

SMITH, J.E. (1804–5). Exotic Botany. London: R. Taylor & Co.

5 plates. From vol. 1, one, on thick cream, wove paper, full colour (?Mooroogasen); from vol.

2, four on thin cream, wove paper, full colour with gum arabic (?Govindoo).

Plates copied: tt. 15 (Stratiotes alimsoides), 100 (Orchis gigantea), 103 (Globba marantina),

115 (Colebrookia oppositifolia), 116 (Leucosceptrum canum).

THUNBERG, C.P. (1784). Flora Japonica. Leipzig: J.G. Müller.

6 plates, ink and ink wash. 4 on thin cream laid paper watermarked HODGINKSON & CO

1853; 2 on thin, wove grey/blue paper.

Plates copied: tt 1 (Ligustrum japonicum), 2 (Olea fragrans), 14 (Elaeagnus umbellata), 17

(Lycium japonicum), 25 (Eurya japonica), 28 (Croton japonicum).

VAHL, M. (1790–4). Symbolae Botanicae. Copenhagen: N. Möller & Son.

11 plates, ink and ink wash. On thin, wove whitish paper (similar to the Hortus Malabaricus

copies).

Plates copied: tt 1 (Justicia fastuosa), 16 (Barleria longiflora), 36 (Unona discolor), 47

(Aristolochia grandiflora), 49 (Croton gossypifolium), 52 (Ixora parviflora), 56 (Humboldtia

laurifolia), 61 (Jambolifera pedunculata), 62 (Bauhinia vahlii), 67 (Ruellia hirta), 75 (Pteris

farinosa).

WALLICH, N. (1824–6). Tentamen Florae Napalensis Illustratae. Calcutta & Serampore.

12 plates, ink. On thin wove grey paper with Rolland Frères Bordeaux blindstamp (rather

crude drawing, no shading, but with fine calligraphy).

Plates copied: tt. 27 (Chrysobaphus roxburghii), 28 (Dendrobium leopardinum), 29 (Lilium

longiflorum), 37 (Thunbergia coccinea), 38 (Gymnema nepalense), 39 (Dactylicapnos

thalictrifolia), 43 (Podocarpus macrophylla), 45 (Myrica sapida), 46 (Tricyrtis elegans), 47

(Crawfurdia fasciculata), 48 (Crawfurdia speciosa), 49 (Hydrangea vestita).

WALLICH, N. (1829). Plantae Asiaticae Rariores, vol 1. London: Treuttel & Würtz. Note:

see letter to J.H. Balfour 26 iv 1853 – Cleghorn got his painters copy in hot weather when he

could not obtain wild plants for them – these copies have not survived.

1 plate, ink and ink wash. On thin cream wove paper.

Plate copied: detail (fr) from t. 2 (Amherstia nobilis).

(A copy of t. 12, Melanorrhoea usitata (fl) in ink, on hugely reduced scale, together with a

vegetative shoot that is not copied from t. 11, must be taken from some secondary source

copied only in part from Wallich).

WESTWOOD, J.O. (1845). Arcana Entomologica. London.

10 plates, ink and ink wash. On thin blue/grey, laid paper (all in the same hand).

Plates copied: tt 33 (Cypripedium purpuratum), 35 (Cypripedium barbatum), 36 (Dolichos

lignosus), 51 (Parochetus communis), 68 (Persoonia ferruginea), 70 (Rigidella flammea), 72

(Arundina densa), 75 (Dillwynia ericifolia), 78 (Pontederia natans), 80 (Epidendrum

humile).

WIGHT, R. (1839). Icones Plantarum Indiae Orientalis, vol. 1. Madras

One plate, sepia ink. On smooth cream wove paper.

Plate copied: vol 1, t. 120 (Garcinia elliptica, original by H. de Alwis).

WILLDENOW, C.L. (1794). Phytographia. Erlangen: W. Walther.

16 plates, ink. 12 on thin blue/grey paper (Rolland Freres Bordeaux blindstamp); 3 on thin,

wove cream.

Plates copied: tt 1.1 (Xyris pauciflora), 1.2 (Carex triflora), 2.1[mounted with Roxburgh’ Pl.

Corom. t 55], 2.2 (Maba buxifolia), 3 (Solanum pubescens), 4.1 (Cordia obliqua), 4.2

(Phyteuma lobelioides), 5.1 (Periploca tunicata), 5.2 (Periploca emetica), 5.3 (Periploca

sylvestris), 6.1 (Cacalia rotundifolia), 6.2 (Preanthes sarmentosa), 8.1 (Crenopteris

japonica), 9.1 (Adiantum lunulatum), 9.2 (Pteris blechnoides), 10.1 (Pteris interrupta), 10.2

(Adiantum cultratum).

WITHERING, W. (1830). A Systematic Arrangement of British Plants, ed 7, vol 2. London:

C.J.G. & F. Rivington.

1 plate, ink and ink wash. On thin, whitish wove paper.

Plate copied: t. 21 (Cynodon dactylon).

ZENKER, J.C. (1835, 1837). Plantae Indica quas in Montibus Coimbaturicis Coeruleis,

Nilagiris, Neilgherries dictis. Jena & Paris: A. Schmid & Treuttel & Würtz.

16 plates, fully coloured. On thin cream wove paper. One plate (t. 12) is copied twice, one

only in ink. Most have descriptions copied on verso by Cleghorn. Very fine (possibly by

Mooroogsen).

Plates copied: tt 2 (Grammitis cuspidata), 4 (Urtica acerifolia), 6 (Jasminum rigidum), 7

(Jasminum myrtophyllum), 8 (Passiflora leschenaultii), 10 (Hymenocalyx variabilis), 11

(Adiantum cycloides), 12 (Lycopdium aloifolium x 2, one coloured), 13 (Gentiana

abscondita), 14 (Rolfinkia centaureoides), 15 (Rhododendron nilagiricum), 16 (Loranthus

macrophyllus), 17 (Loranthus neilgherrensis), 18 (Sonerila speciosa), 20 (Michelia

nilagirica).

JOURNALS

Gardeners’ Chronicle, 1846. London.

One plate, ink. On thin grey wove paper.

Plate copied: 27 June 1846, p 428 f. 4 (Maranta arundinacea). Close, but not an exact copy,

and both are probably copied from a common, but unidentified source (none of those listed in

Index Londinensis).

Nova Acta Academiae Scientiarum Caesareae Leopoldina-Carolinae, vol. 17. (1835).

?Breslau.

One plate, ink. On thin grey/blue wove paper.

Plate copied: t. 45 (Cinnamomum malabathrum).

Annales des Sciences Naturelles, séries 2, vols 5, 6, 9, 15 (1836–41). Paris.

12 plates, ink with some ink wash, several artists. Papers various, thin bluish-gey (one with

Rolland blindstamp), thicker cream wove,

vol 5 t. 4 (1836 – Hypericum aegyptiacum); vol 6 t. 7 (1836 – Helwingia ruscifolia); vol 9

(1838) t. 9A/B (Ceropegia variegata, C. squamulata, C (Desmidorchis forskalii), D

(Caralluma subulata); vol 15 tt. 6–12 (1841 – Nilgiri orchids: Coelogyne angustifolia,

Bulbophyllum acutiflorum, Dendrobium microbulbon, Eria polystachya, Birchea teretifolia,

Aeonia alata, Goodyera flabellata).

Annals of Botany [ed. C. König], vol. 2. (1806). London.

2 plates, ink and ink wash. On thin cream wove paper.

Plates copied: vol. 2 tt 16, 17 (Blighia sapida) (fine, possibly by Govindoo).

Annals of Natural History, vol. 1. (1838). London.

One plate, ink and ink wash. On think, blue/grey wove paper.

Plate copied: t. 13 (Solanum giganteum annotation by Cleghorn: ‘Pulney Mts 2000 f

t. Wight;

Shevaroy Hills – Coles; Bababooden – Cleghorn’).

Asiatic Researches, vol. 4. (1799). London.

One plate, ink. On thin wove blue/grey paper.

Plate copied: facing p 252 (upper part only, Cynodon dactylon).

Curtis’s Botanical Magazine, vols 82–85. (1856–9). London.

27 plates, fully coloured, of superb quality (two signed by Govindoo, but presumably all his

and showing that he could do subtle colouring if given a model to copy). On cream paper,

some thin, some thick, all wove.

Plates copied: tt 4891 (Aeschynanthus fulgens), 4894 (Ouvirandra fenestralis), 4897 (Aralia

papyrifera), 4899 (Aphelandra variegata), 4900 (Nyctanthes arbor-tristis), 4908

(Tupidanthus calyptratus), 4919 (Odontoglossum hastilabium), 4923 (Odontoglossum

membranaceum), 4938 (Methonica virescens), 4940 (Argyreia hirsuta), 4944 (Dendrobium

falconeri), 4948 (Galipea macrophylla), 4998 (Thunbergia harrisii), 5001 (Coelogyne elata),

5010 (Epigynium acuminatum), 5013 (Meyenia erecta), 5076 (Ouviranra bernieriana), 5077

(Aesculus californica),

5079 (Tradescantia discolor var. variegata – signed in Telugu: Govindoo),

5080 (Nepenthes villosa), 5084 (Coelogyne pandurata),

5085 (Osbeckia aspera – signed in Telugu: Govindoo),

5086 (Monstera adansonii), 5087 (Apteranthes gussoniana), 5088 (Lobelia trigonocaulis),

5100 (Phyllocactus anguliger), 5148 (Hoya cummingiana).

Icones Plantarum [ed. W.J. Hooker], vols 1–10. (1837–54). London.

62 plates, ink (some with wash). Various papers: thin cream wove; thin pale blue/grey (some

with TOWGOOD 1851 watermark, some with BF/greyhound/TD blindstamp); two on laid

paper with HODGKINSON & CO 1853 watermark. Possibly by three different artists.

Plates copied: tt 5 (Gyrinops walla), 54 (Drosera lunata), 93 (Davallia serraeformis),

105(Asplenium dalhousiae), 115 (Gymnogramma vestita), 120 (Tephrosia suberosa), 125

(Pterospermum reticulatum), 133 (Pothos remotiflorus), 138 (Coccinea indica), 141

(Bauhinia racemosa),

143 (Sterculia coloroata – Cleghorn annotation: ‘Leaf not well represented and much

reduced. N. Circars, Roxburgh, Courtallum, Wight, Wn. Mysore, Cleghorn’),

144 (Shuteria glabrata – Cleghorn annotation: ‘Herb. Cunnawaddy’), 152 (Clitorea

viridiflora), 153 (Vallaris pergularia), 155 (Elaeocarpus pubescens), 156 (Mimosa

rubricaulis), 157 (Acrotrema uniflorum), 175 [on verso of Hort. Mal. 7: t 40]; 178 [in

stitched species fascicle], 181 (Capparis diversifolia), 188 (Indigofera aspalanthoides), 189

(Rhynchosia rufescens), 203 (Niphobolus penangianus), 204 (Selliguea wallichiana), 205–6

Langsdorffia indica), 207 (Pteris seticaulis), 230 (Loranthus lageniflorus), 246 (Andromeda

kotagherensis), 358 (Lobelia trigona), 456 (Acrocephalus capitatus), 459 (Orthosiphon

rubicundus), 460 (Plectranthus ternifolius), 462 (Geniosporum strobiliferum), 464

(Plectranthus scrophularioides), 604 (Sedum wallichianum), 622 (Hemitelia alternans), 647

(Cyathea walkerae), 671 (Alsophila crinita), 681–2 (Acrostichum proliferum), 710

(Philagonia fraxinifolia), 711 (Euthemis leucocarpa), 712 (Gomphia sumatrana), 781

(Uncaria africana), 788–9 (Millettia macrophylla), 802 (Hibiscus scindicus, x 2, one

possibly by Rungasawmy), 804 (Sericostoma pauciflorum), 805 (Cochlearia flava), 806

(Lonicera loureirii), 807 (Lonicera diversifolia), 809 (Barclaya longifolia), 833

(Polygonatum graminifolium), 834 (Lloydia longiscapa), 835 (Neuracanthus

sphaerostachys), 838 (Leptadenia jacquemontiana), 841 (Aganosma concanensis), 843

(Nomaphila pinnatifida), 844 (Bischoffia trifoliata), 861 (Sarcostemma brachystigma), 863

(Mastostigma varians), 867 (Ceropegia attenuata), 937 (Asplenium finlaysonianum).

Botanical Miscellany [ed. W.J. Hooker], vols 1–3. (1829–33). London.

31 plates, some ink, some fully coloured, very fine. Papers mostly a fine cream wove.

vol. 1, tt 16 & 17 (Swietenia mahogani), 26 (Saccharum officinarum), 51 & 52

(Castanospermum australe), 57 (Phyteuma begonifolium), 58 (Loranthus coccineus), 59

(Loranthus ferrugineus), 60 (Microcos tomentosa), 62 (Vincentia triflora) – ink and ink

wash, one fully coloured. Fine cream wove paper.

vol. 2, t. 76 (Holboellia ornithocephala), supp tt 8 (Convolvulus rheedii), 14 (Mucuna

gigantea), 15 (Lablab vulgaris), 18 (Cochlospermum gossypinum) – one ink and wash on

blue/grey; others full colour on fine cream wove (no watermark).

vol. 3, t. 90 (Tanghinia veneniflua), supp. tt 21 (Aegiceras fragrans), 22 (Combretum

heyneanum), 23 & 24 (Vallisneria spiralis), 25 (Pladera virgata), 27 (Utricularia stellaris),

30 (Vallarsia indica), 31 (Bryophyllum calycinum), 32 (Butea frondosa), 33 (Limonia

missionis), 34 (Ixora parviflora), 35 (Ixora grandiflora), 36 (Salacia laevigata), 37 (Cadaba

triphylla), 38 (Convolvulus turpethium), 41 (Pongamia triphylla) – full colour (almost

facsimile), on fine cream wove (no watermark).

Journal of Botany [Hooker’s], vols 1–3. (1834–41). London.

4 plates, ink. Papers various, thin wove, blue/grey and cream.

Plates copied: vol 1 tt. 130 (Streptium asperum), 140 (Zizyphus jujuba); vol 2 t. 11/12

(Kaulfussia assamica); vol 3 tt. 14 (Ficus indica).

Hooker’s Journal of Botany and Kew Gardens Miscellany, vols 1–9. (1849–57). London.

29 plates, some coloured, others ink. Papers various: thin cream wove, thin blue/grey, thicker

cream. By various artists.

Plates copied: vol. 1 t. 11 (Pogostemon patchouli); vol. 2 tt. 3 (Corchorus capsularis), 6

(Oldfieldia africana), 11 (Simaba cedron); vol. 3 tt. 2 (Piptostylis indica), 3 (Citrullus

fistulosus), 6 (Arnebia fimbriopetala), 8 (Boehmeria nivea), 15 (Tamarix anglica); vol. 5 tt 4

(Lagenandra toxicaria), 5 (Tetracrypta cinnamomoides), 6 (Kokoona zeylanica), 11

(Polypodium lobbianum); vol. 6 tt 1A/B (Campnosperma zeylanicum & Pteridophyllum

decipiens), 1C (Axinandra zeylanica), 2B (Monoporanda elegans), 2C (Ternophyllum

zeylanicum), 9A (Streptostigma viridiflorum), 9B (Allaeanthus zeylanicum), 9C

(Helminthospermum scabridum), 10A (Chaetocarpus pungens), 10C (Phyllanthus indicus),

vol. 7 t. 5 (Trichadenia zeylanica); vol. 8 tt 4 (Acrotrema thwaitsii), 7A (Prismatomeris

albidiflora); vol. 9 tt 5 (Bryocarpum himalaicum), 6 (Micranthemum indicum), 7 (Lancea

tibetica), 8 (Melampyrum indicum).

Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, vol. 5. (1836). Calcutta.

3 plates, ink and ink wash. On thin blue/grey wove paper (from an article written and

illustrated by W. Griffith on grasses of the Jheels of Sylhet).

Plates copied: tt 23 (part, Vossia procera), 23 (part, Vossia procera), 24 (Zizania ciliata).

Journal of the Horticultural Society of London vols 3, 8 (1848, 1853). London.

3 plates,ink. On thin wove cream paper.

Plates copies: vol. 3 p. 238 (Lonicera angustifolia), 248 (Mussaenda macrophylla); vol. 8 p.

57 (Sonerila orbiculata, signed T. R[ungaswamy]).

The Lancet, vol. 62 (no 1561). (30 July 1853). London.

One plate, extremely fine ink. On pale blue/grey wove thin paper.

Plate copied: p. 104 tt 1, 3 (microscopical details of tobacco).

Madras Journal of Literature and Science, vols 5, 6. (1837). Madras.

8 plates, ink (one coloured). On thin grey/blue wove paper.

Plates copied: vol. 5 tt 3(Impatiens auriculata), 5 (Impatiens grandis), 11 (Batatas

paniculata), 12 (Ipomoea obscura), 13 (Convolvulus rottlerianus),19 (Dictyocarpus

truncatus), 20 (Ammania floribunda); vol. 6 t. 5 (Cassia burmanni).

Magasin Pittoresque. (1850, 1852). Paris.

Four plates, ink. On thin cream, wove paper.

Plates copied: 1850, no. 3 p. ? (Vanille à feuilles plaines); 1852 no. 16 p. 72 (Helleborus

orientalis), p. 121 (Pandanus, Ile du Prince), p. 216 (Corylus avellana).

Magazin des Pflanzenreichs, vol. 1. (1793). Erlangen.

Three plates, ink outline. On thin cream wove paper. (From an article on the genus Dillenia

by C.P. Thunberg).

Plates copied: tt 10 (Dillenia integra), 11 (Dillenia retusa), 12 (Dillenia dentata).

Pharmaceutical Journal, vols 9, 10, 11, 12, 14. (1850–5). London

21 plates, ink (with some wash). On thin, blue/grey wove paper (Rolland Freres blindstamp).

Plates copied: vol. 9 p. 30 (Senna spp.), 271 (Balsamodendron mukul), 274 (Balsamodendron

pubescens), 313 (Amomum citratum), 373 (Phytelephas macrocarpa), 432 (Attalea funifera);

vol. 10 p. 19 (Brayera anthelmintica), 347 (Simaba cedron); vol. 11 p. 351 (Andropogon

sorghum), 396 (Penicillaria spicata), 399 (Pennisetum dichotomum), 447 (Synsepalum

dulcificum); vol. 12 p. 72 (Amomum danielli), 187 (Coscinium fenestratum), 269 (Catha

edulis), 470 (Smilax papyracea); vol. 14 p. 57/9 (Pterocarpus erinaceus), 160 (Phrynium

danielli), 201 (Cubeba clusii), 417/8 (Amomum xanthioides), 463 (Daniellia thurifera).

Transactions of the Agricultural & Horticultural Society of India, vol. 7. (1850). Calcutta.

One plate, full colour. On thick, cream wove paper.

Plate copied: vol. 7 p. 97 (Tetranthera quadriflora).

Transactions of the Linnean Society, vols 15, 21. (1827, 1854). London.

3 plates. Two from vol. 15 (paper by T.H. Colebrooke on Boswellia) ink and ink wash on

blue/grey thin wove paper. One from vol. 21 (paper by G.H.K. Thwaites on Ancistrocladus)

fine ink and ink wash, on heavier cream wove paper.

Plates copied: vol. 15 tt 4 (Bursera serrata), 5.1 (Boswellia serrata); vol. 21 t. 24

(Ancistrocladus vahlii).

Transactions of the Medico-Botanical Society of London, vol. 1 (1829). London.

One plate, ink and ink wash. On thin, cream wove paper (fine, possibly by Rungasawmy).

Plate copied: t. 1 (Vandellia diffusa).