The Classical Hollywood Silent Era 1908-1927 In the beginning… As an art movement, The Silent Era...
Transcript of The Classical Hollywood Silent Era 1908-1927 In the beginning… As an art movement, The Silent Era...
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The Classical Hollywood Silent
Era1908-1927
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In the beginning…
As an art movement, The Silent Era follows…
• Early Experimental Cinema 1893-1903 (the inventors) in the US and France
•The Brighton School 1896-1905 in England
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In the beginning…• Filmmaking was still in its infancy as an art—
films were more money-making ventures and technological experiments
• Directors were not encouraged to be artists—they were thought of as factory workers
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Early Edison Films
Sandow, 1894
The Kiss, 1896
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The Great Train Robbery (1903)
• First Western• First to use editing as a
storytelling technique• One of the first to use
panning and close-ups• Moved from documentary to
narrative• Based on a true robbery by
Butch Cassidy
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The Silent Era as Art• The Classical Hollywood Silent era is marked
by the films that emerged with the first film studios
• Silent films began to take on a narrative structure and use filmmaking conventions
• D.W. Griffith’s Birth of a Nation set the stage for modern cinematic storytelling
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Birth of a Nation (1915)• Based Thomas Dixon Jr.'s anti-
black, bigoted play, The Clansman • Its release set up a major
censorship battle over its vicious, extremist depiction of African Americans. Unbelievably, the film is still used today as a recruitment piece for Klan membership.
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Birth of a Nation (1915)• It was one of the biggest box-office
money-makers in the history of film, due to its charge of $2 per ticket. It made $18 million by the start of the talkies.
• Riots in Boston and Philadelphia. Chicago, Denver, St. Louis and other major cities refuse to show it
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Birth of a Nation (1915)• Film scholars agree, however, that
it is the single most important and key film of all time in American movie history
• Introduces & refines camera angles, traveling shots, artificial lighting, realistic sets, flashbacks, split screens, soft focus, dissolves, fades, and irises.
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Stars of the Silent Screen
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Florence LawrenceAmerica’s 1st Movie Star
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Mary PickfordAmerica’s Sweetheart
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Charlie Chaplin
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Harold Lloyd
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Buster Keaton
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Fatty Arbuckle
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Keystone Kops
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Douglas Fairbanks, Sr.The King of Silent Hollywood
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Clara BowThe “It” Girl
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Rudolph Valentino
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Dorothy & Lillian Gish
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Theda Bara
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Lon ChaneyThe Man of a Thousand Faces
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Tom Mix
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Greta Garbo
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Meanwhile, over in Europe…
German Expressionism
1919-1926
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German Expressionism
• WWI creates an isolated Germany in financial ruin
• The new and booming film industry promises financial rewards
• Germany can’t compete with the glamour of Hollywood
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German Expressionism• External representation of internal emotion –
this means that if the main character is in a “dark place” emotionally, then the setting must reflect that
• Insanity/Obsession as a theme
• Crime or the criminal underworld
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German Expressionism
• Urban settings—but in a studio!
• Twisted architecture – such as spiral staircases and ominous arches
• Chiaroscuro – heavily contrasted black and white, whether with paint, or light and shadow