The Circulatory System

By: Alliyah Harold and

Darby O’Brien

What is it made up of?

• The circulatory system is made of three major organs, and blood vessels that pump blood through your body.

Blood Vessels

• The circulatory system has three types of blood vessels: arteries, capillaries and veins.

o Arteries carry blood away from the heart to almost all parts of the body.

oCapillaries are the small vessels that connect the to arteries to the veins.

oVeins carry the body’s blood towards the heart.

Main Organs in the Circulation System

• Lungs• Heart• Kidneys

The Lungs’ Function in the System

• Oxygenated blood is absorbed through the lungs thin walls.

• The red blood cells then carry oxygen into our bloodstream and our blood delivers it to the rest of our body.

• The lungs fill our blood with oxygen and get rid of excess carbon dioxide.

The Kidneys’ Function In the System

The kidneys filter blood to remove waste products.

The Hearts Function in the System

• The heart is a muscle that contracts regularly pumping blood to the body and the lungs.

• The pumping action is caused by a flow of electricity that repeats in a cycle.

• The rhythm of the beat is called arrhythmia.

How Circulation Starts

• Circulation starts in the superior and inferior vena cava and ends back up in the superior and inferior vena cava.

The Second and Third Steps in the Process

• After leaving the superior and inferior vena cava the blood enters the right atrium.

oThe atria is on the top of the heart.

• The blood then goes through the right atrioventricular valve.

How The Circulation Continues

• After leaving the valve the blood goes to the right and left lungs.

oThe capillaries in the lungs are in control with alveoli so the blood can release Carbon Dioxide and pick up Oxygen.

• The pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood back to the heart.

The Circulation Continues

• The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs.

• The blood passes through the left atrioventricular valve.

More Steps in The Process

• The blood goes into the right ventricle.

oThe ventricles are on the bottom of the heart.

• The semilunar valve marks the beginning of the artery.o It closes to prevent blood from flowing back

into the ventricle.

Circulations Steps Continued

• The blood enters the left ventricle.• The blood passes through the left

semilunar valve at the beginning of the aorta.o The aorta divides into arteries to distribute

through body.o Small arteries are arterioles.

• The smallest vessels and arteries form to make venules (the smallest veins.)

The End of the Process

• The smallest vessels, veins and arteries form to make larger veins.

• These big veins carry blood back to the superior and inferior vena cava.

Video of the Circulatory Process

The Types of Circulation

• Systemic• Pulmonary• Renal• Portal

Systemic Circulation

Systemic circulation supplies nourishment to all of the tissue located throughout your body, except the heart and lungs.

Pulmonary CirculationPulmonary Circulation is a system of blood vessels that form a closed circuit between the heart and lungs.•Begins with the right ventricle.

oThe ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood through the pulmonary artery.

•Then travels to the capillaries.o In the capillaries Carbon Dioxide diffuses out of

the blood cell into the alveoli and oxygen diffuses out of the alveoli into the blood.

•Then to the pulmonary vein.oThe only vein in the body that carries oxygen-

rich blood in the body.

•Then to the heart where it re enters the atrium.

Renal Circulation

Renal circulation is when blood passes through the kidneys.

Portal Circulation

Portal circulation is when blood passes through the small intestine to the liver, through the portal vein.

Ways to Prevent Heart Disease

• Don’t smoke or use tobacco.• Exercise 30-60 minutes 3-5 days a

week.• Eat healthy• Maintain a healthy weight.• Get regular health screenings.

No Smoking

• Smoking or use of tobacco have chemicals in them that can damage your heart and blood vessels leading to narrowing of arteries.

oNarrowing of arteries (atherosclerosis) can lead to heart attacks.

• Nicotine in cigarettes make your heart work harder.

• Carbon monoxide in cigarettes replace oxygen in your blood.

Exercise

• Exercising 30-60 minutes, 3-5 days a week cant prevent high blood pressure, high cholesterol and diabetes.

• It also relieves stress which can factor in heart disease.

Eat Healthy

• Avoid food low in fat, cholesterol and salt.

oLike fried foods, red meat, margarines, packaged snack foods etc.

• Eat foods high in protein, lots of fruits, vegetables, whole grain, beans etc.

• Cut back on alcohol.o Men limit to two glasses a day.o Women limit to one glass a day.

Maintain a Healthy Weight

Keep your weight to prevent your heart from over working.•Men who have a waist measurement of 40 in (101.6 cm) or greater are considered overweight.•Women who have a waist measurement of 35 in (88.9 cm) or more are considered overweight.

Get Regular Health Screenings

• Get your blood pressure checked at least once every two years.

• Cholesterol levels should be checked once every five years starting at age 20.

• Diabetes screenings vary at the time you should get them depending on your family history.

Circulatory System Overview

•Without it waste products wouldn’t be removed from the system, and the blood and oxygen couldn’t get around the body.•Without it we wouldn’t be able to function, the circulatory system is the basis for how our whole body works.

Works Cited• http://library.thinkquest.org/05aug/01883/introtocircsys.htm• http://www.yalemedicalgroup.org/stw/Page.asp?

PageID=STW028980• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Heart_labelled_large.png• http://wikieducator.org/

The_Anatomy_and_Physiology_of_Animals/Heart_Worksheet/Worksheet_Answers

• http://www.good.is/post/new-york-s-new-no-smoking-policy-is-comprehensive-draconian/

• http://news.discovery.com/tech/lungs-reseeding-transplant.html• http://www.flickr.com/photos/22280677@N07/2181547358/• http://bornfat.com/?p=79• http://www.instructables.com/id/How-to-Eat-Healthy-4/• http://answers.yourdictionary.com/medical/why-is-it-important-to-

maintain-a-healthy-weight.html