THE NATURE OF MATTER _________________________________________________________
The Chemistry of Life. Chapter 2, Section 1 The Nature of Matter (p. 35-39)
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Transcript of The Chemistry of Life. Chapter 2, Section 1 The Nature of Matter (p. 35-39)
![Page 1: The Chemistry of Life. Chapter 2, Section 1 The Nature of Matter (p. 35-39)](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062315/5697c01d1a28abf838cd03c7/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Chemistry of Life
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Chapter 2, Section 1The Nature of Matter
(p. 35-39)
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Atomic Structure
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The Periodic Table
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Periodic Table Boxes
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Electrons
• Electrons orbit the nucleus at various distances (shells/orbitals)• First shell:
• Second shell:
• Third shell:
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Electrons
• Total number of electrons
• Valence electrons
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Chemical Compounds
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Ionic Bond
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Covalent Bond
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Chapter 2, Section 2Properties of Water
(p. 40-43)
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The Water Molecule
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Hydrogen Bonds
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The Result of Hydrogen Bonds
• Adhesion • Cohesion
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High Surface Tension
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High Specific Heat
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Less Dense as a Solid
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The Universal Solvent
• Water is usually found as a mixture
• Solution
• Suspension
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The pH Scale
• Water molecules can react to form ions:
• The pH scale measures:
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The pH Scale
• Acidic:
• Basic:
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Chapter 2, Section 3Carbon Compounds
(p. 44-48)
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Carbon
• Atomic building block for all organisms
• Forms single, double, & triple covalent bonds
• It can bond with itself to form:
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Carbohydrates
• Made up of:
• Monomer name:
• Polymer name:
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Carbohydrate Examples
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Lipids
• Made up of:
• Monomer name:
• Polymer name:
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Lipids
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Lipid Examples
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Nucleic Acids
• Made up of:
• Monomer name:
• Polymer name:
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Nucleic Acid Examples
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Proteins
• Made up of:
• Monomer name:
• Polymer name:
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Amino Acids
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Examples of Proteins
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Protein Folding
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Chapter 2, Section 4Chemical Reactions & Enzymes
(p. 49-53)
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Chemical Reactions
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Chemical Reactions Activation Energy:
Two types of chemical reactions: Exothermic
Endothermic
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Catalysts
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Enzymes
Enzymes are a type of protein that:
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Enzyme Structure
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Enzymes at Work
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Types of Enzymes
• Catalyzes the breaking down of molecules• Examples:
• Lipase
• Lactase
• Protease
• Amylase
• Catalyzes the joining of molecules• Examples:
• DNA Polymerase
• DNA Ligase