The Centrosome in Cell Replicatio nand Early Development

Robert E. Palazzo

Gerald P. Schatten

Contributors

xv

Preface

xix

1The Centrosome and Parthenogenesi sThomas Küntziger and Michel Bornens

I. Introduction

1II. Toward a Functional Description of the Centrosome

2III. The Centrosome Organelle versus Self-Assembled Centers

1 2IV. Centrosome Reproduction and the Parthenogenetic Activity of

the Centrosome

1 3V. Conclusion

1 8References

1 9

2 .y-Tubuli nBerl R . Oakle y

I . Centrosomes and Microtubule Nucleation

27II y-Tubulin and the Tubulin Superfamily of Proteins

30III. Distribution of y-Tubulin in Cells

3 3IV. Studies of y-Tubulin Function

39V. y-Tubulin and Microtubule Assembly : Current Knowledge and

Unanswered Questions

45VI. Concluding Remarks

4 9References

4 9

3y-Tubulin Complexes and Their Role in Microtubule Nucleatio nRuwanthi N. Gunawardane, Sofia B . Lizarraga, Christiane Wiese, Andrew Wilde,and Yixian Zheng

I. Introduction

5 5II. Biochemical and Structural Studies of yTuRC and yTuSC

57

III. Evidence That yTuRC Is the Major Microtubule Nucleator a tthe Centrosome

64IV. The Mechanism of Microtubule Nucleation

65V. Concluding Remarks

69References

7 0

4y-Tubulin of Budding YeastJackie Vogel and Michael Snyder

I. Introduction

7 5II. Tubulins of Yeast

8 0III. Interactions between Tubulins

88IV. The y-Tubulin Complex in Yeast

9 1V. Future Directions

9 5References

97

5The Spindle Pole Body of Saccharomyces cerevisiae : Architecture andAssembly of the Core ComponentsSusan E. Francis and Trisha N . Davis

I. Introduction

10 5II. SPB Duplication and Assembly of the Mitotic Spindle

10 6III. Structure of the SPB

107IV. SPB Core Components

109V. Assembly of the Core SPB Components

122VI. Transcriptional Regulation of Core SPB Components

123VII. Ilomologs of Spindle Pole Components i n

Other Organisms

124VIII. Future Directions

125References

128

6The Microtubule Organizing Centers of Schizosaccharomyces pomb elain M . Hagan and Janni Peterse n

L Introduction

13 3II . Cytoplasmic Microtubule Organizing Centers

136

III. The Spindle Pole Body

13 8IV. Molecular Characterization of SPB Components

14 9V. Perspectives

15 3References

15 4

7Comparative Structural, Molecular, and Functional Aspects of th eDictyostelium discoideum Centrosom eRalph Gräf, Nicole Brusis, Christine Daunderer, Ursula Euteneuer,Andrea Hestermann, Manfred Schliwa, and Masahiro Ueda

I. Introduction

16 1II. Comparative Morphology of the Dictyostelium Centrosome

163IT I . Comparative Analysis of Dictyostelium Centrosome Duplication

167IV. Comparative Molecular Biology of the Dictyostelium Centrosome

17 1V. Conclusions

17 9References

17 9

8Are There Nucleic Acids in the Centrosome ?Wallace F . Marshall and Joel L . Rosenbau m

I. Introduction

187II. Do Centrioles or Centrosomes Contain DNA?

188III. Do Centrosomes Contain RNA?

19 7IV. Conclusions

20 1References

20 2

9Basal Bodies and Centrioles : Their Function and StructureAndrea M . Preble, Thomas M. Giddings, Jr ., and Susan K. Dutche r

I. Introduction to Centrioles and Basal Bodies

20 7II. The Structure of Centrioles and Basal Bodies

212III. The Function of Basal Bodies and Centrioles as Revealed b y

Mutational Analysis

22 1IV. Basal Body/Centriole Replication

226References

228

16Centrosome Reduction during Mammalian Spermiogenesi sG. Manandhar, C . Simerly, and G. Schatte n

I. Introduction

343IL Overview of Mammalian Spermiogenesis

345III. Stages of Centrosome Reduction during Spermiogenesis

347IV. Conclusions

35 8References

35 8

17The Centrosome of the Early C. elegans Embryo : Inheritance, Assembly ,Replication, and Developmental RolesKevin F. O'Connell

I. Why C. elegans?

36 5II. Origin and Replication of the Zygotic Centrosomes

367III. The Central Role of the Centrosome-Pronucleus Complex in Specifyin g

AP Polarity

374IV. Nuclear Positioning

378V. Concluding Remarks

38 0References

38 1

18The Centrosome in Drosophila Oocyte Developmen tTimothy L . Megraw and Thomas C. Kaufma n

I. Introduction

38 5II. The Germarium : Centrosomes Are Anchored to Achieve Polarize d

Cell Divisions

387III. The Oocyte MTOC

39 1IV. Meiosis

396V. Summary 400

References

402

19The Centrosome in Early Drosophila Embryogenesi sW. F. Roth well and W. Sulliva n

I. Introduction

41 0II. Ultrastructure

412

III. Composition

41 5IV. Duplication and Separation

42 1V. Fertilization and the First Mitotic Division

427VI. Precortical Divisions

43 0VII. Cortical Divisions

432References

440

20Centrosome Maturatio nRobert E . Palazzo, Jacalyn M . Vogel, Bradley] . Schnackenberg, Dawn R . Hull,and Xingyong Wu

I. Introduction

44 9II. Centrosome Maturation

45 1III. Centrosome Structure and Microtubule Nucleation Potential

45 3IV. The Role of the Centriole

457V. The Procentrosome

45 8VI. Paternal versus Maternal Centrosomes

460VII. Summary

462References

46 3

Index

47 1Contents of Previous Volumes

485