The Cell (Plasma) Membrane Gateway to the Cell. Functions of Cell Membrane 1. Protective barrier 2....
-
Upload
gilbert-hood -
Category
Documents
-
view
215 -
download
2
Transcript of The Cell (Plasma) Membrane Gateway to the Cell. Functions of Cell Membrane 1. Protective barrier 2....
![Page 1: The Cell (Plasma) Membrane Gateway to the Cell. Functions of Cell Membrane 1. Protective barrier 2. 2. Regulates transport in & out of cell (selectively.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062721/56649f1e5503460f94c35766/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Cell (Plasma) The Cell (Plasma) Membrane Membrane
Gateway to the CellGateway to the Cell
![Page 2: The Cell (Plasma) Membrane Gateway to the Cell. Functions of Cell Membrane 1. Protective barrier 2. 2. Regulates transport in & out of cell (selectively.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062721/56649f1e5503460f94c35766/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Functions of Cell Functions of Cell MembraneMembrane1. Protective barrierProtective barrier
2.2. Regulates transport in & out of Regulates transport in & out of cell cell (selectively permeable)(selectively permeable)
3.3. Allows cell recognitionAllows cell recognition
4.4. Maintain ion concentrationMaintain ion concentration
![Page 3: The Cell (Plasma) Membrane Gateway to the Cell. Functions of Cell Membrane 1. Protective barrier 2. 2. Regulates transport in & out of cell (selectively.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062721/56649f1e5503460f94c35766/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Cell MembraneCell Membrane
The cell The cell membrane is membrane is flexibleflexible and and allows a allows a unicellularunicellular organism to organism to movemove
![Page 4: The Cell (Plasma) Membrane Gateway to the Cell. Functions of Cell Membrane 1. Protective barrier 2. 2. Regulates transport in & out of cell (selectively.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062721/56649f1e5503460f94c35766/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
HomeostasisHomeostasis
•BalancedBalanced internal condition internal condition of cellsof cells
•Also calledAlso called equilibriumequilibrium
•Maintained by plasma Maintained by plasma membranemembrane controlling what controlling what enters & leaves the cellenters & leaves the cell
![Page 5: The Cell (Plasma) Membrane Gateway to the Cell. Functions of Cell Membrane 1. Protective barrier 2. 2. Regulates transport in & out of cell (selectively.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062721/56649f1e5503460f94c35766/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Structure of the Structure of the Cell MembraneCell Membrane
![Page 6: The Cell (Plasma) Membrane Gateway to the Cell. Functions of Cell Membrane 1. Protective barrier 2. 2. Regulates transport in & out of cell (selectively.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062721/56649f1e5503460f94c35766/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Polar heads are hydrophilichydrophilic “water loving”Nonpolar tails are hydrophobichydrophobic “water fearing”
Cell MembraneCell Membrane
Makes membrane “Selective” in what crosses
![Page 7: The Cell (Plasma) Membrane Gateway to the Cell. Functions of Cell Membrane 1. Protective barrier 2. 2. Regulates transport in & out of cell (selectively.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062721/56649f1e5503460f94c35766/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Phospholipid Bilayer
![Page 8: The Cell (Plasma) Membrane Gateway to the Cell. Functions of Cell Membrane 1. Protective barrier 2. 2. Regulates transport in & out of cell (selectively.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062721/56649f1e5503460f94c35766/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Fluid Mosaic Model(Lots of different types of molecules that assemble to form a function)
![Page 9: The Cell (Plasma) Membrane Gateway to the Cell. Functions of Cell Membrane 1. Protective barrier 2. 2. Regulates transport in & out of cell (selectively.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062721/56649f1e5503460f94c35766/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Cell MembraneCell Membrane
Hydrophobic molecules pass easily; hydrophillic DO NOT
The cell membrane is made of 2 layers of phospholipidphospholipids called the lipid bilayerbilayer
![Page 10: The Cell (Plasma) Membrane Gateway to the Cell. Functions of Cell Membrane 1. Protective barrier 2. 2. Regulates transport in & out of cell (selectively.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062721/56649f1e5503460f94c35766/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Small molecules and larger hydrophobic molecules move through easily.e.g. O2, CO2, H2O
Semipermeable Semipermeable MembraneMembrane
![Page 11: The Cell (Plasma) Membrane Gateway to the Cell. Functions of Cell Membrane 1. Protective barrier 2. 2. Regulates transport in & out of cell (selectively.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062721/56649f1e5503460f94c35766/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Ions, hydrophilic molecules larger than water, and large protein molecules do not move through the membrane on their own.
Semipermeable Semipermeable MembraneMembrane
![Page 12: The Cell (Plasma) Membrane Gateway to the Cell. Functions of Cell Membrane 1. Protective barrier 2. 2. Regulates transport in & out of cell (selectively.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062721/56649f1e5503460f94c35766/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
SolutionsSolutions
• Solutions are made of solute Solutions are made of solute and a solventand a solvent
• SolventSolvent – The liquid part. It – The liquid part. It does the dissolving. does the dissolving.
• SoluteSolute – The thing being – The thing being dissolved. Salt and sugar are dissolved. Salt and sugar are solutes.solutes.
![Page 13: The Cell (Plasma) Membrane Gateway to the Cell. Functions of Cell Membrane 1. Protective barrier 2. 2. Regulates transport in & out of cell (selectively.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062721/56649f1e5503460f94c35766/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Types of Transport Types of Transport Across Cell Across Cell MembranesMembranes1. Diffusion2. Osmosis3. Facilitated
Diffusion4. Active Transport
![Page 14: The Cell (Plasma) Membrane Gateway to the Cell. Functions of Cell Membrane 1. Protective barrier 2. 2. Regulates transport in & out of cell (selectively.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062721/56649f1e5503460f94c35766/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
DiffusionDiffusion
•Requires Requires NONO energyenergy
•Solutes move Solutes move from area of from area of HIGH to LOWHIGH to LOW concentratioconcentrationn
![Page 15: The Cell (Plasma) Membrane Gateway to the Cell. Functions of Cell Membrane 1. Protective barrier 2. 2. Regulates transport in & out of cell (selectively.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062721/56649f1e5503460f94c35766/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Diffusion: Draw this
![Page 16: The Cell (Plasma) Membrane Gateway to the Cell. Functions of Cell Membrane 1. Protective barrier 2. 2. Regulates transport in & out of cell (selectively.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062721/56649f1e5503460f94c35766/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Diffusion of LiquidsDiffusion of Liquids
![Page 17: The Cell (Plasma) Membrane Gateway to the Cell. Functions of Cell Membrane 1. Protective barrier 2. 2. Regulates transport in & out of cell (selectively.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062721/56649f1e5503460f94c35766/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Diffusion through a Diffusion through a MembraneMembrane
Cell membrane
Solute moves DOWN concentration gradient (HIGH to LOW)
![Page 18: The Cell (Plasma) Membrane Gateway to the Cell. Functions of Cell Membrane 1. Protective barrier 2. 2. Regulates transport in & out of cell (selectively.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062721/56649f1e5503460f94c35766/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
OsmosisOsmosis
• Diffusion of Diffusion of waterwater across a across a membranemembrane
• Moves from Moves from HIGH HIGH water potentialwater potential (low solute) to (low solute) to LOW water LOW water potentialpotential (high (high solute)solute)
Diffusion across a membrane
Semipermeable
membrane
![Page 19: The Cell (Plasma) Membrane Gateway to the Cell. Functions of Cell Membrane 1. Protective barrier 2. 2. Regulates transport in & out of cell (selectively.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062721/56649f1e5503460f94c35766/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Diffusion of HDiffusion of H22O Across O Across A MembraneA Membrane
High H2O potentialLow solute concentration
Low H2O potentialHigh solute concentration
![Page 20: The Cell (Plasma) Membrane Gateway to the Cell. Functions of Cell Membrane 1. Protective barrier 2. 2. Regulates transport in & out of cell (selectively.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062721/56649f1e5503460f94c35766/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Osmosis: Draw this
![Page 21: The Cell (Plasma) Membrane Gateway to the Cell. Functions of Cell Membrane 1. Protective barrier 2. 2. Regulates transport in & out of cell (selectively.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062721/56649f1e5503460f94c35766/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Types of SolutionsTypes of Solutions
• Hypotonic Hypotonic – concentration of – concentration of solute is higher INSIDE the cell.solute is higher INSIDE the cell.
• Hypertonic Hypertonic – concentration of – concentration of solute is higher OUTSIDE the solute is higher OUTSIDE the cell.cell.
• Isotonic Isotonic – concentrations of – concentrations of solutes is the same inside and solutes is the same inside and outside the celloutside the cell
![Page 22: The Cell (Plasma) Membrane Gateway to the Cell. Functions of Cell Membrane 1. Protective barrier 2. 2. Regulates transport in & out of cell (selectively.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062721/56649f1e5503460f94c35766/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Plant and Animal Cells put into various solutions
![Page 23: The Cell (Plasma) Membrane Gateway to the Cell. Functions of Cell Membrane 1. Protective barrier 2. 2. Regulates transport in & out of cell (selectively.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062721/56649f1e5503460f94c35766/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Facilitated Facilitated DiffusionDiffusion
Doesn’t require energy
Uses transport proteins to move high to low concentrationExamples: Examples: GlucoseGlucose or or amino acidsamino acids moving moving from blood into a from blood into a cell.cell.
![Page 24: The Cell (Plasma) Membrane Gateway to the Cell. Functions of Cell Membrane 1. Protective barrier 2. 2. Regulates transport in & out of cell (selectively.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062721/56649f1e5503460f94c35766/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Proteins Are Critical to Proteins Are Critical to Membrane FunctionMembrane Function
![Page 25: The Cell (Plasma) Membrane Gateway to the Cell. Functions of Cell Membrane 1. Protective barrier 2. 2. Regulates transport in & out of cell (selectively.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062721/56649f1e5503460f94c35766/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Facilitated DiffusionFacilitated Diffusion
Molecules will randomly move Molecules will randomly move through the through the porespores in in Channel Channel ProteinsProteins..
![Page 26: The Cell (Plasma) Membrane Gateway to the Cell. Functions of Cell Membrane 1. Protective barrier 2. 2. Regulates transport in & out of cell (selectively.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062721/56649f1e5503460f94c35766/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Facilitated DiffusionFacilitated Diffusion• SomeSome Carrier Carrier
proteinsproteins do not do not extend through the extend through the membrane.membrane.
• They They bond and bond and drag moleculesdrag molecules through the lipid through the lipid bilayer and release bilayer and release them on the them on the opposite side.opposite side.
![Page 27: The Cell (Plasma) Membrane Gateway to the Cell. Functions of Cell Membrane 1. Protective barrier 2. 2. Regulates transport in & out of cell (selectively.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062721/56649f1e5503460f94c35766/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Three Forms of Transport Across the MembraneThree Forms of Transport Across the Membrane
![Page 28: The Cell (Plasma) Membrane Gateway to the Cell. Functions of Cell Membrane 1. Protective barrier 2. 2. Regulates transport in & out of cell (selectively.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062721/56649f1e5503460f94c35766/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Active TransportActive Transport
Requires energy or ATP
Moves materials from LOW to HIGH concentration
AGAINST concentration gradient
![Page 29: The Cell (Plasma) Membrane Gateway to the Cell. Functions of Cell Membrane 1. Protective barrier 2. 2. Regulates transport in & out of cell (selectively.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062721/56649f1e5503460f94c35766/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Sodium-Potassium Sodium-Potassium PumpPump
3 Na+ pumped in for every 2 K+ pumped out; creates a membrane
potential
![Page 30: The Cell (Plasma) Membrane Gateway to the Cell. Functions of Cell Membrane 1. Protective barrier 2. 2. Regulates transport in & out of cell (selectively.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062721/56649f1e5503460f94c35766/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Think/Pair/ShareThink/Pair/Share
•Work with a partner Work with a partner to create different to create different situations that can situations that can be classified as be classified as diffusion.diffusion.
•Do the same for Do the same for osmosis.osmosis.