The Byzantine Empire. What was the Byzantine Empire? The predominantly Greek-speaking continuation...
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![Page 1: The Byzantine Empire. What was the Byzantine Empire? The predominantly Greek-speaking continuation of the Roman Empire during the Middle Ages. Initially.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56649e5f5503460f94b59768/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Byzantine The Byzantine EmpireEmpire
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What was the Byzantine What was the Byzantine Empire?Empire?
• The predominantly Greek-speaking continuation of the Roman Empire during the Middle Ages.
• Initially the eastern half of the Roman Empire, it survived the collapse of the Western Roman Empire and continued to thrive
• Its capital city was Constantinople, originally known as Byzantium.
• Existed for an additional thousand years until it fell to the Ottoman Turks in 1453.
• During most of its existence, the empire was the most powerful economic, cultural, and military force in Europe.
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Justinian• Crowned Emperor of the Byzantine
Empire in 527 A.D• Hoped to reunite the Eastern &
Western Roman Empires• Made the Eastern Orthodox Church
the Official Church of the Byzantine Empire
• Justinian’s Code• Justinian put Roman laws into a
book called “The Body Of Civil Laws”
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• Able advisers• Theodora – Justinian's wife
• Convinced him to change laws:• Divorce laws for more legal power for women• Allowed a woman to own property in the same amount as
dowry
• Belisarius – leader of the army• Crushed Nika revolt• Won back lands from Germania
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Strengths of the EmpireStrengths of the Empire• Leaders were clever diplomats• Military
• Well trained• Greek fire on naval ships
• Strong, centralized government• Constantinople was a center of trade
• Large tax revenues
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The Christian ChurchThe Christian Church• Iconoclastic Controversy
• Some Byzantines kept icons (pictures or statues of Jesus, Mary, etc.)
• Iconoclasts - believed keeping icons was wrong• Emperor Leo III ordered all relics be destroyed• The Pope called a meeting of church officials
• Declared icons to be ok• Contributed to the Great Schism (split in the
church)• Roman Catholic Church in Rome• Eastern Orthodox in Constantinople
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Byzantine CultureByzantine Culture• Cyril and Methodius were
Christians that helped spread the gospel• Created an alphabet for the Slavs
• Cyrillic language
• Art • Mosaic – picture or design made
from small pieces of enamel or glass
• Architecture• Hagia Sophia – “holy wisdom”
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The Decline of the The Decline of the EmpireEmpire
• Conflicts with outside powers• Persians, Slavs, Turks, Muslims, Germans• Even disagreements with Western Empire
caused conflicts• Seljuq Turks captured Asia Minor
• Sunni dynasty in Persia, preceded Safavids• Ottoman Turks conquered
Constantinople
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Legacy:•Impacted Russia
• Religion: Eastern Orthodox
• Language• Art/Architecture
Achievements:•Built the Hagia Sofia•Spread Christianity•Justinian’s Code of Laws•Continued Roman culture and ideals after the fall of the Western Roman Empire