The Bureaucracy An Overview. Introduction Tends to have a negative connotation Why? Waste,...
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Transcript of The Bureaucracy An Overview. Introduction Tends to have a negative connotation Why? Waste,...
The BureaucracyThe Bureaucracy
An OverviewAn Overview
IntroductionIntroduction Tends to have a Tends to have a negative negative
connotationconnotation Why?Why? Waste, mindless rules, rigidityWaste, mindless rules, rigidity BureaucracyBureaucracy: a system of : a system of
organization and control that is organization and control that is based on based on hierarchal authorityhierarchal authority, , job job specializationspecialization, and , and formalized rulesformalized rules
Ex: GM, the Catholic Church, public Ex: GM, the Catholic Church, public educationeducation
Which bureaucratic Which bureaucratic agency do you think agency do you think this is?this is?
Would you want to Would you want to work here?work here?
An introductionAn introduction Constitutional basis found in Article Constitutional basis found in Article
II, reference to II, reference to Exec. DepartmentsExec. Departments Has developed b/c of custom, Has developed b/c of custom,
tradition, and precedenttradition, and precedent Bureau:Bureau: desk of worker, desk of worker, cracy:cracy: form form
of govt.of govt. 6 primary functions:6 primary functions:
1.1. division of labor w/specializationdivision of labor w/specialization
An IntroductionAn Introduction 2. Allocation of function2. Allocation of function 3. Allocation of responsibility3. Allocation of responsibility 4. Direct and indirect supervision4. Direct and indirect supervision 5. Control on employment5. Control on employment 6. Careers are made within6. Careers are made within 4 million4 million federal employees? federal employees? 1/31/3 involved in involved in defensedefense agencies agencies Numbers are actually Numbers are actually shrinking?shrinking?
In our daily lives…In our daily lives… Delivers mail, maintains forests and Delivers mail, maintains forests and
parks, admin. Social security, builds parks, admin. Social security, builds dams, develops defense, school dams, develops defense, school lunch programs, regulates marketslunch programs, regulates markets
They may be They may be investigative, advisory, investigative, advisory, or reportingor reporting bodies bodies
Thank goodness for federal and
state agencies.
Cabinet DepartmentsCabinet Departments 1515 major major administrative units administrative units Top official is Top official is secretarysecretary Vary in size and importance:Vary in size and importance: Dept. of state- smallest but most Dept. of state- smallest but most
prestigious, prestigious, D of D- largest work D of D- largest work forceforce, Dept of Treasury: no longer , Dept of Treasury: no longer largest budget!largest budget!
number of semiautonomous units: number of semiautonomous units: agencies or divisionsagencies or divisions
Why might the Dept. of Why might the Dept. of Defense be so large? Defense be so large?
Three-step Interview Three-step Interview ““What changes What changes would you make to both budget and would you make to both budget and personnel numbers of the departments personnel numbers of the departments (based on the four graphs)?(based on the four graphs)?””
The First CabinetThe First Cabinet
Independent Executive Independent Executive AgenciesAgencies Resemble the cabinet, but have Resemble the cabinet, but have
narrower resp.narrower resp. Heads are appointed and report to the Heads are appointed and report to the
PrezPrez Agencies are divided into smaller unitsAgencies are divided into smaller units Exist apart from cabinetExist apart from cabinet as to not pose as to not pose
problems (symbolically and practically)problems (symbolically and practically)
Exec. Agency ExamplesExec. Agency Examples Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) NASANASA General Services Administration General Services Administration
(GSA)(GSA)
Regulatory AgenciesRegulatory Agencies Created because Created because Congress wantedCongress wanted
close and continuous close and continuous regulationregulation of of an an economic activityeconomic activity
More time and expertise than More time and expertise than Congress can provideCongress can provide
Beyond executive functions, have Beyond executive functions, have certain certain legislative & judicial functionslegislative & judicial functions
Older ones are Older ones are ““independentindependent””……
Regulatory AgenciesRegulatory Agencies Freedom fromFreedom from ongoing ongoing political political
controlcontrol Appointed by President, but Appointed by President, but not not
subject to removalsubject to removal Heads are Heads are commissionerscommissioners Ex: ICC, FTC, FDA, FCC, SEC, Ex: ICC, FTC, FDA, FCC, SEC,
OSHA, EPA (name them)OSHA, EPA (name them)
Government CorporationsGovernment Corporations Similar to private corporations b/c Similar to private corporations b/c
they they charge for servicescharge for services and are and are governed by a governed by a board of directorsboard of directors
However, However, receive federal fundingreceive federal funding Directors are appointed by the Directors are appointed by the
President w/ Senate approvalPresident w/ Senate approval
Govt. CorporationsGovt. Corporations Examples: TVA, FDIC, Amtrak, and Examples: TVA, FDIC, Amtrak, and
largest: United States Postal Servicelargest: United States Postal Service
People often complain People often complain about how about how dysfunctionaldysfunctional and and bloatedbloated the the bureaucracy is, but do bureaucracy is, but do people really want to people really want to follow through making follow through making changes to it?changes to it?