The Building Blocks of Matter - Coach Hyde...

The Building Blocks of Matter Atoms

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+

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Matter

bull Anything that has mass and takes up space (volume) ndash Examples

bull A brick has mass and takes up space bull A desk has mass and takes up space bull A pencil has mass and takes up space bull Air has mass and takes up space

All of the above examples are considered matter because they have mass and take up space Can you think of anything

that would not be considered matter

Atoms

bull Smallest possible unit into which matter can be divided while still maintaining its properties

bull Made up of ndash protons ndash neutrons ndash electrons

bull The solar system is commonly used as an analogy to describe the structure of an atom

For example what is the smallest possible unit

into which a long essay can be divided and still have some meaning

+

- + +

+

-

-

- -

+

Atoms are so small thathellip

bull it would take a stack of about 50000 aluminum atoms to equal the thickness of a sheet of aluminum foil from your kitchen

bull if you could enlarge a penny until it was as wide as the US each of its atoms would be only about 3 cm in diameter ndash about the size of a ping-pong ball

bull a human hair is about 1 million carbon atoms wide

bull a typical human cell contains roughly 1 trillion atoms

bull a speck of dust might contain 3x1012 (3 trillion) atoms

bull it would take you around 500 years to count the number of atoms in a grain of salt

wwwdeckersfoodscom

C-C-C-C-C-hellip + 999995 more

1 trillion atoms

Is made of approximately 3 trillion atoms

Just one of these grains

Protons (+) bull Positively charged

subatomic particles bull Located in the nucleus

of the atom bull Help identify the atom

(could be considered an atomrsquos DNA)

bull Equal to the atomic number of the atom

bull Contribute to the atomic mass

bull Equal to the number of electrons in a neutral atom (+ amp - charges must cancel)

+

+

+ + +

+ + +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

Neutrons

bull Neutral particles have no electric charge

bull Located in the nucleus of the atom


bull Atomic mass = bull of N0 + of P+

+

+ + +

+ + +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

Electrons (-)

bull Negatively charged particles bull Found in electron cloud bull Mass is insignificant when

compared to protons and neutrons

bull Equal to the number of protons in a neutral atom

bull Electron clouds have layers of electrons

bull The outer layer are called the valence electrons

bull Valence e- are involved chemical bonds and reactivity properties

-

+

+ + +

+ + +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

Hydrogen (H) Atom

bull Notice the one electron in the first orbital

+

-

Even though there are no neutrons present Hydrogen is still considered an atom

+

-

= 1

= 0

= 1

How many more

electrons can fit in

the 1st orbital level

Oxygen (O) Atom

bull Notice the two electrons in the first orbitallevel and the six in the second

+

+

+

+

+

+ +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

+

-

= 8

= 8

= 8

How many more

electrons can fit in the 2nd orbital level

Sodium (Na) Atom bull Notice the two electrons in the first orbitallevel

eight in the second and one in the third

+

+

+

+

+

+ +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

-

-

-

+

-

= 11

= 12

= 11

How many more

electrons can fit in the 3rd orbital level

The Atomrsquos ldquoCenterrdquo

bull Protons and neutrons are grouped together to form the ldquocenterrdquo or nucleus of an atom

-

+ + +

Notice that the electrons are not apart of the nucleus

-

-

QUARKS

bull Particles that make up protons and neutrons

+

Sub-Atomic Particles Weight Comparison

(protons neutrons electrons)

Neutron = 16749286 x10-27 kg Proton = 16726231 x10-27 kg Electron = 91093897 x10-31 kg

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- - -

- -

- -

-

-

-

-

-

-

1836 electrons = 1 proton 1839 electrons = 1 neutron

How do you think the mass of a neutron compares to that of a proton

1 neutron asymp 1 proton

Atomic Number

bull The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

+ + +

-

-

-

What would be the atomic number of this

atom

Mass Number

bull The total number of protons and neutrons in an atomrsquos nucleus bull Expressed in Atomic Mass Units (amu)

ndash Each proton or neutron has a mass of 1 amu

+ + +

-

-

- What would be the mass

number of this atom

+ 3

4

3 protons + 4 neutrons = a mass number of 7 amu

Why did we not account for the electrons when calculating the

mass number

Building Atoms

Identify the amount of protons neutrons and electrons for each element in the chart below

Atoms Protons Neutrons Electrons

Carbon

Beryllium

Oxygen

Uranium

Mercury

Atom Builder

bull Using the interactive website link below practice building atoms

bull httpwwwpbsorgwgbhaso

tryitatom

bull Using the classzonecom link below click on the ldquoBuild an Atomrdquo simulation and practice building atoms

httpwwwclasszonecombooksml_sci_physicalpage_

buildcfmid=resour_ch1ampu=2

Gravitational Force

bull The force of attraction of objects due to their masses

bull The amount of gravity between objects depends on their masses and the distance between them

Do you think this force plays a significant role in holding the atom together

Electromagnetic Force

bull The force that results from the repulsion of like charges and the attraction of opposites

bull The force that holds the electrons around the nucleus

-

+

+

+

- -

Notice how the particles with the same charge move apart and

the particles with different charges

move together

Why are neutrons not pictured above

Strong Force

bull The force that holds the atomic nucleus together

bull The force that counteracts the electromagnetic force

If you need help remembering strong force just think ofhellip

+ +

+ +

Notice how the electromagnetic force causes the protons to repel each other but the strong force

holds them together

Would an atom have a nucleus if the strong force did not exist

Isotopes

bull Atoms that have the same number of protons but have different numbers of neutrons

bull Examples

+

-

+

-

+

-

Hydrogen (Protium) Hydrogen (Deuterium) Hydrogen (Tritium)

Notice that each of these atoms have one proton therefore they are all types of hydrogen They

just have a different mass number ( of neutrons)

Atomic Mass bull The weighted average of the masses of all the naturally occurring isotopes

of an element bull The average considers the percent abundance of each isotope in nature bull Found on the periodic table of elements bull Example

+

-

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-

+ -

Hydrogen (Protium) Mass = 1 amu

Hydrogen (Deuterium) Mass = 2 amu

Hydrogen (Tritium) Mass = 3 amu

If you simply average the three 2 amu (1 amu + 2 amu + 3 amu3) would be the atomic mass but since 999 of the Hydrogen is Protium the atomic mass is around 1 amu (999 x 1 amu)

What would be the atomic mass (asymp) of Hydrogen if these three isotopes were found in the following percentages (999 0015 0) respectively

Symbol = O2+

Ion

bull Charged particle that typically results from a loss or gain of electrons

bull Two types ndash Anion = negatively

charged particle ndash Cation = positively

charged particle

+

+

+

+

+

+ +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

-

Now that this atom of oxygen just gained an electron it is no longer

neutral or an atom It is now considered an ion (anion) This ion has more electrons (9) than protons (8)

+

-

= 8

= 8

= 8 9 6

Symbol = O1-

Now that three electrons were lost the number of electrons (6) and protons (8) is still unbalanced

therefore it is still an ion but now it is specifically referred to as a cation

Currently this atom of oxygen is neutral because it has an equal

number of electrons (8) and protons (8) Symbol = O

Building Ions

Identify the amount of protons neutrons and electrons for each element ion or isotope

below

Ions Protons Neutrons Electrons

Carbon-12 (C3-)

Hydrogen-1 (Hsup1+)

Oxygen-15 (O2-)

Lithium (Lisup3+)

Sodium (Na1-)

Matter

bull Anything that has mass and takes up space (volume) ndash Examples

bull A brick has mass and takes up space bull A desk has mass and takes up space bull A pencil has mass and takes up space bull Air has mass and takes up space

All of the above examples are considered matter because they have mass and take up space Can you think of anything

that would not be considered matter

Atoms






+

- + +

+

-

-

- -

+








wwwdeckersfoodscom


1 trillion atoms










+

+

+ + +

+ + +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

Neutrons





+

+ + +

+ + +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

Electrons (-)







-

+

+ + +

+ + +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

Hydrogen (H) Atom


+

-


+

-

= 1

= 0

= 1

How many more



Oxygen (O) Atom


+

+

+

+

+

+ +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

+

-

= 8

= 8

= 8

How many more




+

+

+

+

+

+ +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

-

-

-

+

-

= 11

= 12

= 11

How many more




-

+ + +


-

-

QUARKS


+




+

- +

- - - -

- - -

- -

- -

-

-

-

-

-

-

- - - - -

- - -

- -

- -

-

-

-

-

-

-




Atomic Number


+ + +

-

-

-


atom

Mass Number



+ + +

-

-


number of this atom

+ 3

4



mass number

Building Atoms



Carbon

Beryllium

Oxygen

Uranium

Mercury

Atom Builder



tryitatom




Gravitational Force







-

+

+

+

- -



move together


Strong Force




+ +

+ +


holds them together


Isotopes


bull Examples

+

-

+

-

+

-






+

-

+

-

+ -






Symbol = O2+

Ion




charged particle

+

+

+

+

+

+ +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

-



+

-

= 8

= 8

= 8 9 6

Symbol = O1-





Building Ions


below


Carbon-12 (C3-)

Hydrogen-1 (Hsup1+)

Oxygen-15 (O2-)

Lithium (Lisup3+)

Sodium (Na1-)

Atoms






+

- + +

+

-

-

- -

+








wwwdeckersfoodscom


1 trillion atoms










+

+

+ + +

+ + +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

Neutrons





+

+ + +

+ + +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

Electrons (-)







-

+

+ + +

+ + +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

Hydrogen (H) Atom


+

-


+

-

= 1

= 0

= 1

How many more



Oxygen (O) Atom


+

+

+

+

+

+ +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

+

-

= 8

= 8

= 8

How many more




+

+

+

+

+

+ +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

-

-

-

+

-

= 11

= 12

= 11

How many more




-

+ + +


-

-

QUARKS


+




+

- +

- - - -

- - -

- -

- -

-

-

-

-

-

-

- - - - -

- - -

- -

- -

-

-

-

-

-

-




Atomic Number


+ + +

-

-

-


atom

Mass Number



+ + +

-

-


number of this atom

+ 3

4



mass number

Building Atoms



Carbon

Beryllium

Oxygen

Uranium

Mercury

Atom Builder



tryitatom




Gravitational Force







-

+

+

+

- -



move together


Strong Force




+ +

+ +


holds them together


Isotopes


bull Examples

+

-

+

-

+

-






+

-

+

-

+ -






Symbol = O2+

Ion




charged particle

+

+

+

+

+

+ +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

-



+

-

= 8

= 8

= 8 9 6

Symbol = O1-





Building Ions


below


Carbon-12 (C3-)

Hydrogen-1 (Hsup1+)

Oxygen-15 (O2-)

Lithium (Lisup3+)

Sodium (Na1-)








wwwdeckersfoodscom


1 trillion atoms










+

+

+ + +

+ + +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

Neutrons





+

+ + +

+ + +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

Electrons (-)







-

+

+ + +

+ + +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

Hydrogen (H) Atom


+

-


+

-

= 1

= 0

= 1

How many more



Oxygen (O) Atom


+

+

+

+

+

+ +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

+

-

= 8

= 8

= 8

How many more




+

+

+

+

+

+ +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

-

-

-

+

-

= 11

= 12

= 11

How many more




-

+ + +


-

-

QUARKS


+




+

- +

- - - -

- - -

- -

- -

-

-

-

-

-

-

- - - - -

- - -

- -

- -

-

-

-

-

-

-




Atomic Number


+ + +

-

-

-


atom

Mass Number



+ + +

-

-


number of this atom

+ 3

4



mass number

Building Atoms



Carbon

Beryllium

Oxygen

Uranium

Mercury

Atom Builder



tryitatom




Gravitational Force







-

+

+

+

- -



move together


Strong Force




+ +

+ +


holds them together


Isotopes


bull Examples

+

-

+

-

+

-






+

-

+

-

+ -






Symbol = O2+

Ion




charged particle

+

+

+

+

+

+ +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

-



+

-

= 8

= 8

= 8 9 6

Symbol = O1-





Building Ions


below


Carbon-12 (C3-)

Hydrogen-1 (Hsup1+)

Oxygen-15 (O2-)

Lithium (Lisup3+)

Sodium (Na1-)








+

+

+ + +

+ + +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

Neutrons





+

+ + +

+ + +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

Electrons (-)







-

+

+ + +

+ + +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

Hydrogen (H) Atom


+

-


+

-

= 1

= 0

= 1

How many more



Oxygen (O) Atom


+

+

+

+

+

+ +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

+

-

= 8

= 8

= 8

How many more




+

+

+

+

+

+ +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

-

-

-

+

-

= 11

= 12

= 11

How many more




-

+ + +


-

-

QUARKS


+




+

- +

- - - -

- - -

- -

- -

-

-

-

-

-

-

- - - - -

- - -

- -

- -

-

-

-

-

-

-




Atomic Number


+ + +

-

-

-


atom

Mass Number



+ + +

-

-


number of this atom

+ 3

4



mass number

Building Atoms



Carbon

Beryllium

Oxygen

Uranium

Mercury

Atom Builder



tryitatom




Gravitational Force







-

+

+

+

- -



move together


Strong Force




+ +

+ +


holds them together


Isotopes


bull Examples

+

-

+

-

+

-






+

-

+

-

+ -






Symbol = O2+

Ion




charged particle

+

+

+

+

+

+ +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

-



+

-

= 8

= 8

= 8 9 6

Symbol = O1-





Building Ions


below


Carbon-12 (C3-)

Hydrogen-1 (Hsup1+)

Oxygen-15 (O2-)

Lithium (Lisup3+)

Sodium (Na1-)

Neutrons





+

+ + +

+ + +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

Electrons (-)







-

+

+ + +

+ + +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

Hydrogen (H) Atom


+

-


+

-

= 1

= 0

= 1

How many more



Oxygen (O) Atom


+

+

+

+

+

+ +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

+

-

= 8

= 8

= 8

How many more




+

+

+

+

+

+ +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

-

-

-

+

-

= 11

= 12

= 11

How many more




-

+ + +


-

-

QUARKS


+




+

- +

- - - -

- - -

- -

- -

-

-

-

-

-

-

- - - - -

- - -

- -

- -

-

-

-

-

-

-




Atomic Number


+ + +

-

-

-


atom

Mass Number



+ + +

-

-


number of this atom

+ 3

4



mass number

Building Atoms



Carbon

Beryllium

Oxygen

Uranium

Mercury

Atom Builder



tryitatom




Gravitational Force







-

+

+

+

- -



move together


Strong Force




+ +

+ +


holds them together


Isotopes


bull Examples

+

-

+

-

+

-






+

-

+

-

+ -






Symbol = O2+

Ion




charged particle

+

+

+

+

+

+ +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

-



+

-

= 8

= 8

= 8 9 6

Symbol = O1-





Building Ions


below


Carbon-12 (C3-)

Hydrogen-1 (Hsup1+)

Oxygen-15 (O2-)

Lithium (Lisup3+)

Sodium (Na1-)

Electrons (-)







-

+

+ + +

+ + +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

Hydrogen (H) Atom


+

-


+

-

= 1

= 0

= 1

How many more



Oxygen (O) Atom


+

+

+

+

+

+ +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

+

-

= 8

= 8

= 8

How many more




+

+

+

+

+

+ +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

-

-

-

+

-

= 11

= 12

= 11

How many more




-

+ + +


-

-

QUARKS


+




+

- +

- - - -

- - -

- -

- -

-

-

-

-

-

-

- - - - -

- - -

- -

- -

-

-

-

-

-

-




Atomic Number


+ + +

-

-

-


atom

Mass Number



+ + +

-

-


number of this atom

+ 3

4



mass number

Building Atoms



Carbon

Beryllium

Oxygen

Uranium

Mercury

Atom Builder



tryitatom




Gravitational Force







-

+

+

+

- -



move together


Strong Force




+ +

+ +


holds them together


Isotopes


bull Examples

+

-

+

-

+

-






+

-

+

-

+ -






Symbol = O2+

Ion




charged particle

+

+

+

+

+

+ +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

-



+

-

= 8

= 8

= 8 9 6

Symbol = O1-





Building Ions


below


Carbon-12 (C3-)

Hydrogen-1 (Hsup1+)

Oxygen-15 (O2-)

Lithium (Lisup3+)

Sodium (Na1-)

Hydrogen (H) Atom


+

-


+

-

= 1

= 0

= 1

How many more



Oxygen (O) Atom


+

+

+

+

+

+ +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

+

-

= 8

= 8

= 8

How many more




+

+

+

+

+

+ +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

-

-

-

+

-

= 11

= 12

= 11

How many more




-

+ + +


-

-

QUARKS


+




+

- +

- - - -

- - -

- -

- -

-

-

-

-

-

-

- - - - -

- - -

- -

- -

-

-

-

-

-

-




Atomic Number


+ + +

-

-

-


atom

Mass Number



+ + +

-

-


number of this atom

+ 3

4



mass number

Building Atoms



Carbon

Beryllium

Oxygen

Uranium

Mercury

Atom Builder



tryitatom




Gravitational Force







-

+

+

+

- -



move together


Strong Force




+ +

+ +


holds them together


Isotopes


bull Examples

+

-

+

-

+

-






+

-

+

-

+ -






Symbol = O2+

Ion




charged particle

+

+

+

+

+

+ +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

-



+

-

= 8

= 8

= 8 9 6

Symbol = O1-





Building Ions


below


Carbon-12 (C3-)

Hydrogen-1 (Hsup1+)

Oxygen-15 (O2-)

Lithium (Lisup3+)

Sodium (Na1-)

Oxygen (O) Atom


+

+

+

+

+

+ +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

+

-

= 8

= 8

= 8

How many more




+

+

+

+

+

+ +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

-

-

-

+

-

= 11

= 12

= 11

How many more




-

+ + +


-

-

QUARKS


+




+

- +

- - - -

- - -

- -

- -

-

-

-

-

-

-

- - - - -

- - -

- -

- -

-

-

-

-

-

-




Atomic Number


+ + +

-

-

-


atom

Mass Number



+ + +

-

-


number of this atom

+ 3

4



mass number

Building Atoms



Carbon

Beryllium

Oxygen

Uranium

Mercury

Atom Builder



tryitatom




Gravitational Force







-

+

+

+

- -



move together


Strong Force




+ +

+ +


holds them together


Isotopes


bull Examples

+

-

+

-

+

-






+

-

+

-

+ -






Symbol = O2+

Ion




charged particle

+

+

+

+

+

+ +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

-



+

-

= 8

= 8

= 8 9 6

Symbol = O1-





Building Ions


below


Carbon-12 (C3-)

Hydrogen-1 (Hsup1+)

Oxygen-15 (O2-)

Lithium (Lisup3+)

Sodium (Na1-)



+

+

+

+

+

+ +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

-

-

-

+

-

= 11

= 12

= 11

How many more




-

+ + +


-

-

QUARKS


+




+

- +

- - - -

- - -

- -

- -

-

-

-

-

-

-

- - - - -

- - -

- -

- -

-

-

-

-

-

-




Atomic Number


+ + +

-

-

-


atom

Mass Number



+ + +

-

-


number of this atom

+ 3

4



mass number

Building Atoms



Carbon

Beryllium

Oxygen

Uranium

Mercury

Atom Builder



tryitatom




Gravitational Force







-

+

+

+

- -



move together


Strong Force




+ +

+ +


holds them together


Isotopes


bull Examples

+

-

+

-

+

-






+

-

+

-

+ -






Symbol = O2+

Ion




charged particle

+

+

+

+

+

+ +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

-



+

-

= 8

= 8

= 8 9 6

Symbol = O1-





Building Ions


below


Carbon-12 (C3-)

Hydrogen-1 (Hsup1+)

Oxygen-15 (O2-)

Lithium (Lisup3+)

Sodium (Na1-)



-

+ + +


-

-

QUARKS


+




+

- +

- - - -

- - -

- -

- -

-

-

-

-

-

-

- - - - -

- - -

- -

- -

-

-

-

-

-

-




Atomic Number


+ + +

-

-

-


atom

Mass Number



+ + +

-

-


number of this atom

+ 3

4



mass number

Building Atoms



Carbon

Beryllium

Oxygen

Uranium

Mercury

Atom Builder



tryitatom




Gravitational Force







-

+

+

+

- -



move together


Strong Force




+ +

+ +


holds them together


Isotopes


bull Examples

+

-

+

-

+

-






+

-

+

-

+ -






Symbol = O2+

Ion




charged particle

+

+

+

+

+

+ +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

-



+

-

= 8

= 8

= 8 9 6

Symbol = O1-





Building Ions


below


Carbon-12 (C3-)

Hydrogen-1 (Hsup1+)

Oxygen-15 (O2-)

Lithium (Lisup3+)

Sodium (Na1-)

QUARKS


+




+

- +

- - - -

- - -

- -

- -

-

-

-

-

-

-

- - - - -

- - -

- -

- -

-

-

-

-

-

-




Atomic Number


+ + +

-

-

-


atom

Mass Number



+ + +

-

-


number of this atom

+ 3

4



mass number

Building Atoms



Carbon

Beryllium

Oxygen

Uranium

Mercury

Atom Builder



tryitatom




Gravitational Force







-

+

+

+

- -



move together


Strong Force




+ +

+ +


holds them together


Isotopes


bull Examples

+

-

+

-

+

-






+

-

+

-

+ -






Symbol = O2+

Ion




charged particle

+

+

+

+

+

+ +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

-



+

-

= 8

= 8

= 8 9 6

Symbol = O1-





Building Ions


below


Carbon-12 (C3-)

Hydrogen-1 (Hsup1+)

Oxygen-15 (O2-)

Lithium (Lisup3+)

Sodium (Na1-)




+

- +

- - - -

- - -

- -

- -

-

-

-

-

-

-

- - - - -

- - -

- -

- -

-

-

-

-

-

-




Atomic Number


+ + +

-

-

-


atom

Mass Number



+ + +

-

-


number of this atom

+ 3

4



mass number

Building Atoms



Carbon

Beryllium

Oxygen

Uranium

Mercury

Atom Builder



tryitatom




Gravitational Force







-

+

+

+

- -



move together


Strong Force




+ +

+ +


holds them together


Isotopes


bull Examples

+

-

+

-

+

-






+

-

+

-

+ -






Symbol = O2+

Ion




charged particle

+

+

+

+

+

+ +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

-



+

-

= 8

= 8

= 8 9 6

Symbol = O1-





Building Ions


below


Carbon-12 (C3-)

Hydrogen-1 (Hsup1+)

Oxygen-15 (O2-)

Lithium (Lisup3+)

Sodium (Na1-)

Atomic Number


+ + +

-

-

-


atom

Mass Number



+ + +

-

-


number of this atom

+ 3

4



mass number

Building Atoms



Carbon

Beryllium

Oxygen

Uranium

Mercury

Atom Builder



tryitatom




Gravitational Force







-

+

+

+

- -



move together


Strong Force




+ +

+ +


holds them together


Isotopes


bull Examples

+

-

+

-

+

-






+

-

+

-

+ -






Symbol = O2+

Ion




charged particle

+

+

+

+

+

+ +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

-



+

-

= 8

= 8

= 8 9 6

Symbol = O1-





Building Ions


below


Carbon-12 (C3-)

Hydrogen-1 (Hsup1+)

Oxygen-15 (O2-)

Lithium (Lisup3+)

Sodium (Na1-)

Mass Number



+ + +

-

-


number of this atom

+ 3

4



mass number

Building Atoms



Carbon

Beryllium

Oxygen

Uranium

Mercury

Atom Builder



tryitatom




Gravitational Force







-

+

+

+

- -



move together


Strong Force




+ +

+ +


holds them together


Isotopes


bull Examples

+

-

+

-

+

-






+

-

+

-

+ -






Symbol = O2+

Ion




charged particle

+

+

+

+

+

+ +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

-



+

-

= 8

= 8

= 8 9 6

Symbol = O1-





Building Ions


below


Carbon-12 (C3-)

Hydrogen-1 (Hsup1+)

Oxygen-15 (O2-)

Lithium (Lisup3+)

Sodium (Na1-)

Building Atoms



Carbon

Beryllium

Oxygen

Uranium

Mercury

Atom Builder



tryitatom




Gravitational Force







-

+

+

+

- -



move together


Strong Force




+ +

+ +


holds them together


Isotopes


bull Examples

+

-

+

-

+

-






+

-

+

-

+ -






Symbol = O2+

Ion




charged particle

+

+

+

+

+

+ +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

-



+

-

= 8

= 8

= 8 9 6

Symbol = O1-





Building Ions


below


Carbon-12 (C3-)

Hydrogen-1 (Hsup1+)

Oxygen-15 (O2-)

Lithium (Lisup3+)

Sodium (Na1-)

Atom Builder



tryitatom




Gravitational Force







-

+

+

+

- -



move together


Strong Force




+ +

+ +


holds them together


Isotopes


bull Examples

+

-

+

-

+

-






+

-

+

-

+ -






Symbol = O2+

Ion




charged particle

+

+

+

+

+

+ +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

-



+

-

= 8

= 8

= 8 9 6

Symbol = O1-





Building Ions


below


Carbon-12 (C3-)

Hydrogen-1 (Hsup1+)

Oxygen-15 (O2-)

Lithium (Lisup3+)

Sodium (Na1-)

Gravitational Force







-

+

+

+

- -



move together


Strong Force




+ +

+ +


holds them together


Isotopes


bull Examples

+

-

+

-

+

-






+

-

+

-

+ -






Symbol = O2+

Ion




charged particle

+

+

+

+

+

+ +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

-



+

-

= 8

= 8

= 8 9 6

Symbol = O1-





Building Ions


below


Carbon-12 (C3-)

Hydrogen-1 (Hsup1+)

Oxygen-15 (O2-)

Lithium (Lisup3+)

Sodium (Na1-)




-

+

+

+

- -



move together


Strong Force




+ +

+ +


holds them together


Isotopes


bull Examples

+

-

+

-

+

-






+

-

+

-

+ -






Symbol = O2+

Ion




charged particle

+

+

+

+

+

+ +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

-



+

-

= 8

= 8

= 8 9 6

Symbol = O1-





Building Ions


below


Carbon-12 (C3-)

Hydrogen-1 (Hsup1+)

Oxygen-15 (O2-)

Lithium (Lisup3+)

Sodium (Na1-)

Strong Force




+ +

+ +


holds them together


Isotopes


bull Examples

+

-

+

-

+

-






+

-

+

-

+ -






Symbol = O2+

Ion




charged particle

+

+

+

+

+

+ +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

-



+

-

= 8

= 8

= 8 9 6

Symbol = O1-





Building Ions


below


Carbon-12 (C3-)

Hydrogen-1 (Hsup1+)

Oxygen-15 (O2-)

Lithium (Lisup3+)

Sodium (Na1-)

Isotopes


bull Examples

+

-

+

-

+

-






+

-

+

-

+ -






Symbol = O2+

Ion




charged particle

+

+

+

+

+

+ +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

-



+

-

= 8

= 8

= 8 9 6

Symbol = O1-





Building Ions


below


Carbon-12 (C3-)

Hydrogen-1 (Hsup1+)

Oxygen-15 (O2-)

Lithium (Lisup3+)

Sodium (Na1-)



+

-

+

-

+ -






Symbol = O2+

Ion




charged particle

+

+

+

+

+

+ +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

-



+

-

= 8

= 8

= 8 9 6

Symbol = O1-





Building Ions


below


Carbon-12 (C3-)

Hydrogen-1 (Hsup1+)

Oxygen-15 (O2-)

Lithium (Lisup3+)

Sodium (Na1-)

Symbol = O2+

Ion




charged particle

+

+

+

+

+

+ +

-

-

-

-

- -

-

- +

-



+

-

= 8

= 8

= 8 9 6

Symbol = O1-





Building Ions


below


Carbon-12 (C3-)

Hydrogen-1 (Hsup1+)

Oxygen-15 (O2-)

Lithium (Lisup3+)

Sodium (Na1-)

Building Ions


below


Carbon-12 (C3-)

Hydrogen-1 (Hsup1+)

Oxygen-15 (O2-)

Lithium (Lisup3+)

Sodium (Na1-)

The Building Blocks of Matter - Coach Hyde...

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Transcript of The Building Blocks of Matter - Coach Hyde...