The Blogs of Today, Tomorrow?

[email protected]

Assistant Professor ▪ School of Information Studies

GSLIS ▪ SIMMONS COLLEGE ▪ 03 DECEMBER 2012 ▪ BOSTON

THE BLOGS OF TODAY, TOMORROW PERCEPTIONS ON PRESERVATION

?

part one

a little about me

OCLC 2004-2005

OCLC RESEARCH

- SENSE-MAKING THE INFORMATION CONFLUENCE

- MOVING FROM PRINT TO HYBRID JOURNAL

SUBSCRIPTIONS

MCGILL 2010-present

SCHOOL OF INFORMATION STUDIES - ARCHIVAL STUDIES STREAM

- TEACHING, ADVISING & SUPERVISING

- RESEARCH ETHICS BOARD

UNC - CAROLINA DIGITAL REPOSITORY

- DIGCCURR I (DIGITAL CURATION CURRICULUM)

- DIGCCURR II (PROFESSIONAL TRAINING)

2005-present

AT CHAPEL HILL

- DIGITAL CURATION/INSTITUTIONAL REPOSITORY COMM.

- DIGITAL PRESERVATION, ACCESS & CURATION

- HUMAN INFORMATION INTERACTION

- GRANTS: BLOGS & FACEBOOK

- CONSULTANT, BLOGFOREVER.EU

part two

FOUR BLOG STUDIES FROM 2006 THROUGH TODAY

GENERAL BLOGGERS 2006-2008

SNOWBALL SAMPLING

QUESTIONNAIRES

n=223

Sheble, L., Choemprayong, S., & Hank. C. (2007). Preservation in context: Survey of blogging behaviors. In Proceedings of the Third International Digital Curation Conference. Edinburgh: Digital Curation Centre.

1

first line of

defense Garrett & Waters, 1996

GENERAL BLOGGERS 2006-2008 1

133 million blogs indexed by Technorati

between 2002 and 2008.

White & Winn, 2009


People rely heavily on service

providers, often taking no

additional actions toward the

persistence of their user-

generated content.

Marshall, Bly & Brun-Cottan, 2006


Blog to blogger not 1:1

Content dynamic

Interest in preservation

Save some but not all

Personal responsibility

Research design

Co-produsage

Others responsible?

Capability, though?

Access, use & extent?

Findings Future

conclusions


Academic Blog Portal http://www.academicblogs.org

SCHOLARS’ BLOGS? what about …

“There is a

growing fuss …

can be a

significant form of communication.”

Lynch, cont. LEGITIMAZATION

DISSEMINATION

- ACCESS

- PRESERVATION

- CURATION

ROOSENDAAL

ET AL.

(2001)

BORGMAN

(2007)

REGISTRATION

CERTIFICATION

AWARENESS

ARCHIVING

VAN DE SOMPEL ET AL. (2004)

REWARD?

INSTITUTIONALIZED & ELEMENTARY HAGSTROM (1965)

EXTRINSIC / INTRINSIC MURRAY & MOORE (2006)

FUNCTIONS

How do scholars who

blog perceive their blog

in relation to their

cumulative scholarly

record?

research questions

SCHOLAR BLOGGERS (ACTIVE) 2009-2011

2

How do they perceive

their blog in relation to

long-term stewardship?

Who do they perceive

as responsible as well

as capable for blog preservation?

research questions


2

What blog characteristics impact preservation?

What blogger behaviours impact preservation?

research questions


2

?

Multiple instances

Multiple authors

Scholar blogger(?)

Scholarly blog(?)

Currency

Timing

design considerations


2


Hank. C. (2011). Scholars and their blogs: Characteristics, preferences, and perceptions impacting digital preservation (Doctoral dissertation). ProQuest Dissertations & Theses database (UMI No. 3456270).

HISTORY, ECONOMICS, LAW, BIOLOGY, CHEMISTRY & PHYSICS

QUESTIONNAIRES

INTERVIEWS

BLOG ANALYSIS BLOGGER

BLOG

n=153

n=93

2

NEEDLE IN A

HAYSTACK

sampling issues

population


2

sampling issues

population

CHAMELEON IN

A HAYSTACK


2

sample source

Purposive Sampling

644blogs

History | Economics | Law | BioChemPhys

Academic Blog Portal <http://www.academicblogs.org>


2

SAMPLE

CODING

SYSTEM

Frame 1: Blogs

Frame 2: Bloggers (Nine Criteria in Total)

sampling

HOMOGENEITY


2

PUBLICLY AVAILABLE = 570 (86%)

PUBLISHED IN ENGLISH = 544 (84%)

KNOWLEDGE OR PERSONAL BLOG = 498 (77%)

TIME-STAMPED POSTS = 496 (77%)

ACTIVELY PUBLISHED TO = 271 (42%)

AT LEAST 1 YEAR OLD = 231(36%)

IDENTIFIERS (RE: AUTHORSHIP) = 208 (32%)

CONTINUED BLOG ELIGIBILITY (644)

AUTHORED BY 1 OR MORE SCHOLARS …

CONTINUED

a) 1+ descriptor: Ph.D., Dr., Professor, Reader,

Lecturer, Doctoral Student or Candidate

c) Link to blogger’s CV or the like with 1+

citation to a journal article

b) 1+ descriptor (Scholar, Academic, Researcher,

Research Director, Fellow, Biologist) and

institutional affiliation

d) Graduate student and explicit reference to

area of study or pursuant degree

SCHOLAR CRITERIA

sampling frame one

(29%)

125 Single-Blogs | 63 Co-Blogs

ELIGIBLE BLOGS

… ULTIMATELY

CO-BLOGS : POSTED W/IN 1 MONTH

CO-BLOGS: MEETS SCHOLAR CRITERIA

ALL BLOGS: BLOGGER CONTACT INFO

BLOGGER ELIGIBILITY

sampling frame two

107 Single Bloggers | 187 Co-Bloggers

ELIGIBLE BLOGGERS

… ULTIMATELY

QUESTIONNAIRES Q1 (single-bloggers): 41 to 58 questions

Q2 (co-bloggers): 41 to 62 questions

Qualtrics

questionnaire design


2

questionnaire administration

Personalized Email Salutation | Blog Title | Blog URL | PIN

Invite and 2 reminders

No inducements

Timing of invitation email

All eligible bloggers invited (N=294)

Available for 3 weeks


2

Completed sample:

153 respondents

RR 1: QI: 63% | QII: 46% | QI/II: 52%

Outcome rates derived from Internet surveys of specifically named persons

from the American Association for Public Opinion Research (AAPOR, 2009)

completed sample


2

24 semi-structured

phone interviews

72 (47%) of QI & QII respondents expressed interest

interviews


2

interviews

Concurrent to other data collection

Protocol | Debriefing sheet| Pre-testing

24 phone interviews

15 to 25+ minutes

11 to 14 questions

Semi-structured


2

Coded 93 blogs: 61 single/32 co-blogs

57 to 63 Indicators

Authorship Attributes

Blog Elements & Features

Rights & Disclaimers

Authority & Audience

Blog Publishing Activity

Post Features

Archiving

SR: 49.5%

blog analysis

ON/OFF BLOG


2

PUBLICLY AVAILABLE = 570 (86%)

PUBLISHED IN ENGLISH = 544 (84%)

KNOWLEDGE OR PERSONAL BLOG = 498 (77%)

TIME-STAMPED POSTS = 496 (77%)

*** ACTIVELY PUBLISHED TO = 271 (42%) ***

AT LEAST 1 YEAR OLD = 231(36%)

IDENTIFIERS (RE: AUTHORSHIP) = 208 (32%)

CONTINUED REMEMBER …

WHAT ABOUT THOSE BLOGS THAT ARE

INACTIVE BUT STILL PUBLICLY

AVAILABLE …

As reported by Viegas (2005),

bloggers assume persistency of their

blogs unless deliberate action is

taken (by the blogger) to remove it.

left no message behind

on where they went or

if they will be back etc.

%

Available but

not actively

published to

in previous

3 months (n=156)

blog analysis


2

SCHOLAR BLOGGERS (INACTIVE) 2011-PRESENT

Hank. C., & Lent, A.R. (2012). Dispatches from blog purgatory: Final messages from scholars’ inactive blogs. #Influence12: Symposium & workshop on measuring influence on social media. Halifax, Nova Scotia

HUMANITIES, SOCIAL SCIENCES, SCIENCES, PROF. & USEFUL ARTS

BLOG X N=1779

BLOG ANALYSIS n=909

no new posts > 3 months

3

“SENTIMENT ANALYSIS” BY HAND

“a note tacked to the door?”

ACTIVE BLOGS

currently published

556 (61%)

INACTIVE BLOGS

no new posts

353 (39%)

NONE

230 (65%)

LAST POST ONLY

77 (22%)

PRELIMINARY!


3

2ND OR 3RD

46 (13%)


3

THE END IS HERE …

“This blog has completed its mission.”

“I will leave the blog up for whatever value

it has. And I thank those of you who have

commented and sent encouraging

support. Now, it is my aim to have more time to paint and write.”


3

I’M STILL HERE …

“... at any rate, I'm not ready to throw in

the towel, despite a year of not blogging

here. I've gotten too much out of it - great

friends, even my current job - to quit just

yet. The question is: How do I get the motivation back?”


3

I’LL BE BACK …

[AUG 2012] “I’m shocked by how long it’s

been since I’ve posted on here. I’ve put

up a few posts over at ... since I stopped

posting here, but not many. I’m posting

this to say that I’ll soon be back!”

(2nd to most recent post: June 15, 2010)

“This site is under construction and will be

until I stop being lazy.”


3

SEE YOU LATER … just not here

“I’ve begun to feel like this blog is less and

less suited to my day-to-day activities.

Rather than try to force it to fit, I’ve

decided to build something new.”


3

APPRECIATION … or not

“And, of course, my schedule will be a bit

more flexible once I am free of this aged

blog, this paltry thing.”

[COMMENT]: “Where are you man, why

you are not writing anymore”


3

RMA … remember me always “There may still be some activity on this site as I

back-fill some old and (for inactive blogs)

posts from other blogging platforms. My goal is

to eventually have this as a (more or less)

complete archive of my personal blogging

from early 1998 to this year.”

“I want to keep the site up. I would be sad if

the archives disappeared. Lots of good stuff.

But keeping the place up? … well, we’ll see.”

BIBLIOBLOGGERS 2012-PRESENT

ACADEMIC LIBRARIANS & INFORMATION AND LIBRARY SCIENCE FACULTY/RESEARCHERS

BIBLIOBLOGGERS? not bible …

OCLC/ALISE Library & Information Science Research Grant Program

QUESTIONNAIRES

INTERVIEWS

BLOG ANALYSIS

CV ANALYSIS BLOGGER

BLOG BLOG X

4

RESULTS


4


2

Public 100%

Subject to

critical review 68%

Allows use and

exchange 94%

Scholarly record

80%

66% agree with

all three criteria

Association of Research

Libraries (1986)

Braxton, J.M., Luckey, W.,

& Helland, P. (2002)

SCHOLARSHIP

SCHOLAR BLOGGERS 2

SCHOLARLY LIFE

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

RESEARCH PRODUCTIVITY

RESEARCH CREATIVITY

RESEARCH QUALITY

WRITING QUALITY

WRITING EFFICIENCY

SHARING PRE-PUBS

TEACHING QUALITY

WORK ENJOYMENT

GREATER VISIBILITY

PROMOTION

IMPROVED

NEITHER

IMPAIRED

SCHOLAR BLOGGERS 2

%

… to present

INVITATIONS … impact & reward

SCHOLAR BLOGGERS 2

%

… to collaborate


SCHOLAR BLOGGERS 2

%

… to serve


SCHOLAR BLOGGERS 2

%

INVITATIONS

… to publish

… impact & reward

SCHOLAR BLOGGERS 2

%

preservation for public access

& use into the indefinite future

PRESERVATION

SCHOLAR BLOGGERS 2

PRESERVATION

0% 100%

Personal access/use

Indefinite future

Public access/use

Indefinite future

Personal access/use

Short-term future

Public access/use

Short-term future

16%

19%

76%

80%

SCHOLAR BLOGGERS 2

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

RESPONSIBILITY CAPABILITY

Blogger

Co-Author(s)

Provider/Host/Network

Search Engine

Public Trust

preservation SCHOLAR BLOGGERS 2

first line of

defense

SCHOLAR BLOGGERS 2

final line of

defense

SCHOLAR BLOGGERS 2

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

RESPONSIBILITY CAPABILITY

Blogger

Co-Author(s)

Provider/Host/Network

Search Engine

Public Trust

Nat'l Library

Nat'l Archive

Inst'l Library

Inst'l Archive

Inst'l IT Dept

preservation SCHOLAR BLOGGERS 2

Better things to do

SCHOLAR BLOGGERS

2

Books

Personnel

Communications

Journal articles

Filter

Blogs

Class

Blogs Traditional Publications

Law review articles

Email

Self-Publications

Works-in-progress

Blogs Peer-Reviewed Pubs

Informal Publications

Lab Notebooks

Published Papers

Dissertations

& Theses

Monographs

Select

Blog Posts

Book Reviews

Teaching materials

Scientific & Scholarly Research

Pedagogical Research & Tools

LOWER HIGHER

PRESERVATION PRIORITY

Blogs

Journal articles

Books

SCHOLAR BLOGGERS 2

Better things to do


SCHOLAR BLOGGERS

2

%

Purposefully save entire blog via an

archiving service or independently

SAVING

Subscription

services

Export tools

Personal

back-ups

Document/text files

Via syndication

services

SCHOLAR BLOGGERS 2

examples:

BACKUPIFY

BLOGBACKUPR

BACKUPMYBLOG

INTERNET ARCHIVE

LOC’s LEGAL BLAWGS ARCHIVE

Subscription to web or blog archiving or back-up service

SERVICES

SCHOLAR BLOGGERS 2

%

SAVING

Purposefully save some

blog components

Export tools

Personal

back-ups

Document/text files

Via syndication

services

SCHOLAR BLOGGERS 2

BUT … RIGHTS & USE

Creative

Commons (n=13)

Copyright

Statement (n=34)

%

no rights or use statements

at blog or post level

BLOG 2

Better things to do


Personal communication

SCHOLAR BLOGGERS

2

%

DISCLAIMERS

have an explicit or implicit

disclaimer-style statement

Own

opinion

Not

responsible

Advice

BLOG

THOUGH 80% FEEL BLOG IS PART OF THEIR SCHOLARLY RECORD …

2 2

Better things to do


Personal communications

Bad experience

SCHOLAR BLOGGERS

2

%

DELETING

delete posts after publication

Duplicate

Post

“Post Regret”

Too sensitive or

revealing

SCHOLAR BLOGGERS 2

THOUGH 80% FEEL BLOG SHOULD BE PRESERVED …

BLOG DELETION

%

have deleted a blog

SCHOLAR BLOGGERS 2

if? What

SADNESS

C’EST LA VIE

RELIEF DOUBT

ANGER

Devastated,

both emotionally and professionally.

Pretty

bad.

Very

sad.

SADNESS

C’EST LA VIE

RELIEF DOUBT

ANGER

SADNESS

C’EST LA VIE

RELIEF DOUBT

ANGER

Mad as hell.

I’d do something

drastic [in response].

Pretty peeved. Angry

& upset.

SADNESS

C’EST LA VIE

RELIEF DOUBT

ANGER

I don’t have to do it anymore. I get half an

hour of my

life back.

SADNESS

C’EST LA VIE

RELIEF DOUBT

ANGER

Not welcomed

but not tragic …

I’d get over it.

Probably

have a drink & forget about it.

Pour another cup of coffee & get

back to work. Drop out …

until something else comes along.

SADNESS

C’EST LA VIE

RELIEF DOUBT

ANGER

It would take an

extreme catastrophe.

How would

that happen?

RESULTS


4

ANTICIPATED

COMING SOON …

SPRING 2013

Association of Research Libraries. (1986). The changing system of scholarly

communication. Washington, DC: Author.

Borgman, C.L. (2007). Scholarship in the digital age: Information, infrastructure

and the Internet. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Braxton, J.M., Luckey, W., & Helland, P. (2002). Institutionalizing a broader view of

scholarship through Boyer’s four domains: ASHE-ERIC higher education report.

San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.

Bruns, A. (2006). Blogs, Wikipedia, Second Life, and beyond: From production to

produsage. New York, NY: Peter Lang.

Garrett, J., & Waters, D. (1996). Preserving digital information: Report of the Task

Force on Archiving of Digital Information. (CLIR Publication No. 63).

Washington, DC: The Commission on Preservation and Access. Retrieved from

http://www.clir.org/pubs/reports/pub63watersgarrett.pdf

Hagstrom, W.O. (1965). The scientific community. New York, NY: Basic Books.

Hank. C. (2011). Scholars and their blogs: Characteristics, preferences, and

perceptions impacting digital preservation (Doctoral dissertation). ProQuest

Dissertations & Theses database (UMI No. 3456270).

SOURCES

Hank. C., & Lent, A.R. (2012). Dispatches from blog purgatory: Final messages from

scholars’ inactive blogs. #Influence12: Symposium & workshop on measuring

influence on social media. Halifax, Nova Scotia.

Hank, C., Sheble, L., & Choemprayong, S. (2007). Informing blog appraisal through

bloggers’ perspectives on selection and preservation. Paper presented at the

Conference on Appraisal in the Digital World, Rome, Italy.

Lynch, C.A. (2004). Editor’s interview with Clifford A. Lynch. RLG DigiNews, 8(4).

Marshall, C.C., Bly, S., & Brun-Cottan, F. (2006). The long term fate of our digital

belongings: Toward a service model for personal archives. Archiving 2006 Final

Program and Proceedings, 3 (pp. 25–30). Springfield, VA: Society for Imaging

Sciences and Technology.

Murray, R., & Moore, S. (2006). The handbook of academic writing: A fresh

approach. Maidenhead, UK: Open University Press.

Roosendaal, H.E., Guerts, P.A. Th.M., & van der Vet, P.E. (2001). Developments in

scientific communication: Considerations on the value chain. Information

Services & Use, 21(1), 13-32.

SOURCES

Sheble, L., Choemprayong, S., & Hank. C. (2007). Preservation in context: Survey

of blogging behaviors. In Proceedings of the Third International Digital

Curation Conference. Edinburgh: Digital Curation Centre.

Van de Sompel, H., Payette, S., Erickson, J., Lagoze, C., & Warner, S. (2004).

Rethinking scholarly communication: Building the system that scholars

deserve. D-Lib Magazine, 10(9). doi: 10.1045/september2004-vandesompel

Viegas, F.B. (2007). Bloggers' expectations of privacy and accountability: An

initial survey. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 10(3).

Retrieved from http://jcmc.indiana.edu/vol10/issue3/viegas.html

White, D., & Winn, P. (2009). State of the blogosphere: 2008. Technorati. Retrieved

from http://technorati.com/blogging/feature/state-of-the-blogosphere-2008/

SOURCES

THANKS TO …

FUNDERS

COLLEAGUES

COMMITTEE (PLUS)

- OCLC/ALISE LIS RESEARCH GRANT PROGRAM

- BETA PHI MU (EUGENE GARFIELD DISSERTATION AWARD

- LAURA SHEBLE

- RICHARD DAVIS

- DR. CASSIDY SUGIMOTO

- DR. SONGPHAN CHOEMPRAYONG

- DR. JEFFREY POMERANTZ

- PAUL JONES

- DR. RICHARD MARCIANO

- DR. HELEN TIBBO

- DR. LYNN SILIPIGNI CONNAWAY

- DR. DEBORAH BARREAU

- DR. CHRISTOPHER (CAL) LEE

- DAVID PCOLAR

AND THANK YOU

CAROLYN HANK Email: [email protected]

Phone: (001)514.398.4684

SlideShare: http://www.slideshare.net/carolynhank/

Slideshow:

QUESTIONS?

The Blogs of Today, Tomorrow?

Documents

Transcript of The Blogs of Today, Tomorrow?