The Belgian Code 2009 on Corporate Governance

8/14/2019 The Belgian Code 2009 on Corporate Governance

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VDI 288; BIA@KNJ CGFI

GJ CGRXGRNVI @GUIRJNJCI

>2 mnrcd 288;


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2 Bia`knj Cgfi gj cgrxgrnvi `guirjnjci


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3Bia`knj Cgfi gj cgrxgrnvi `guirjnjci

VDI BIA@KNJ CGFI GJ CGRXGRNVI @GUIRJNJCI

EGRIPGRF 6

XRINMBAI 0

VDI CGRXGRNVI @GUIRJNJCI XRKJCKXAIS >>

XRKJCKXAI >* VDI CGMXNJ[ SDNAA NFGXV N CAINR @GUIRJNJCI SVRYCVYRI >>

XRKJCKXAI 2* VDI CGMXNJ[ SDNAA DNUI NJ IEEICVKUI NJF IEEKCKIJV BGNRF

VDNV VNLIS FICKSKGJS KJ VDI CGRXGRNVI KJVIRISV >3

XRKJCKXAI 3* NAA FKRICVGRS SDNAA FIMGJSVRNVI KJVI@RKV[ NJF CGMMKVMIJV >9

XRKJCKXAI 6* VDI CGMXNJ[ SDNAA DNUI N RK@GRGYS NJF VRNJSXNRIJV

XRGCIFYRI EGR VDI NXXGKJVMIJV NJF IUNAYNVKGJ GE

VDI BGNRF NJF KVS MIMBIRS >5

XRKJCKXAI 9* VDI BGNRF SDNAA SIV YX SXICKNAKSIF CGMMKVVIIS >;

XRKJCKXAI 5* VDI CGMXNJ[ SDNAA FIEKJI N CAINR ITICYVKUI MNJN@IMIJV

SVRYCVYRI 28

XRKJCKXAI 0* VDI CGMXNJ[ SDNAA RIMYJIRNVI FKRICVGRS NJF ITICYVKUI

MNJN@IRS ENKRA[ NJF RISXGJSKBA[ 2>

XRKJCKXAI 4* VDI CGMXNJ[ SDNAA IJVIR KJVG N FKNAG@YI PKVD SDNRIDGAFIRS

NJF XGVIJVKNA SDNRIDGAFIRS BNSIF GJ N MYVYNA YJFIRSVNJFKJ@

GE GBOICVKUIS NJF CGJCIRJS 26

XRKJCKXAI ;* VDI CGMXNJ[ SDNAA IJSYRI NFI^YNVI FKSCAGSYRI GE KVS

CGRXGRNVI @GUIRJNJCI 25

NXXIJFKTIS 20

Nxxijfkt N* Crkvirkn ge kjfixijfijci 20

Nxxijfkt B* Vrnjsncvkgjs kj cgmxnj{ svgcl njf cgmxaknjci pkvd vdi Bia`knj ryais gj mnrliv nbysi 2;

Nxxijfkt C* Nyfkv cgmmkvvii 38

Nxxijfkt F* Jgmkjnvkgj cgmmkvvii 36

Nxxijfkt I* Rimyjirnvkgj cgmmkvvii 39

Nxxijfkt E* Fkscagsyri ri~ykrimijvs 35

CGMXGSKVKGJ GE VDI CGRXGRNVI @GUIRJNJCI CGMMKVVII 3;


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Kj 2886 vdi Cgrxgrnvi @guirjnjci Cgmmkvvii xybaksdif vdi Bia`knj Cgfi gj Cgrxgrnvi @guirjnjci egr aksvif

cgmxnjkis* Kv pns vdi kjvijvkgj ge vdi Cgmmkvvii vg riuksi njf yxfnvi vdi Cgfi nv ri`yanr kjvirunas* Vg vdnv ijf

vdi Cgmmkvvii njf kvs Xirmnjijv Pgrlkj` @rgyx gr`njksif n xybakc cgjsyavnvkgj xrgciss njf nj kjvijskui kjvirjna

fibnvi vdnv risyavif kj mnj{ jip sy`ìsvkgjs egr rifrnevkj` vdi Cgfi* Riukskgjs ge vdi gaf Cgfi piri fiskrnbai kj

grfir vg vnli kjvg nccgyjv vdi xgskvkui njf ji`nvkui itxirkijcis pkvd vdi inrakir uirskgj ge vdi Cgfi! vdi cdnj`kj`

ai`na ijukrgjmijv kj Bia`kym njf kj Iyrgxi! njf vdi jip nsxkrnvkgjs ge sgckiv{ njf svnlidgafirs nbgyv vdi risxgj-

skbkakvkis njf cgjfycv ge cgmxnjkis! fkricvgrs njf mnjnìrs* Kj vdks fgcymijv vdi Cgrxgrnvi @guirjnjci

Cgmmkvvii xrisijvs vdi ekjna uirskgj ge vdi rifrnevif Cgfi! vg pdkcd pkaa bi rieirrif ns vdi 288; Cgfi*

@ggf `guirjnjci ge aksvif cgmxnjkis dns anvia{ biij n mnogr cgjcirj egr sdnridgafirs! kjuisvgrs! `guirjmijvs!

ai`ksanvgrs! gxkjkgj ainfirs njf sgckiv{* Sgmi yjegrvyjnvi ricijv ncckfijvs dnui kjfiif rnksif fgybvs nbgyv vdi

ieeicvkuijiss ge cgrxgrnvi `guirjnjci cgfis kj egsvirkj` risxgjskbai cgrxgrnvi bidnukgyr* Kj nffkvkgj! vdi jiifs

egr vrnjsxnrijc{! nccgyjvnbkakv{ njf risxgjskbai bidnukgyr kj mgfirj njf gxij sgckivkis dnui xyv jip fimnjfs gj

byskjiss ainfirs* Sycd fimnjfs nrksi bicnysi aksvif cgmxnjkis jiif vg ria{ gj xybakc mnrlivs egr eyjfkj` njf

mnj{ svnlidgafirs fixijf gj cgmxnjkis egr crinvkj` kjcgmi njf pinavd* Ns n cgjsi~yijci! xybakc xrissyri gj

aksvif cgmxnjkis dns rksij cgjskfirnba{ kj vdisi yjcirvnkj vkmis* Vdi Cgmmkvvii cgjvkjyis vg biakiui vdnv n cgr-

xgrnvi `guirjnjci cgfi cnj bi itvrimia{ ysieya njf ieeicvkui kj svkmyanvkj` vdi ysi ge bisv `guirjnjci xrncvkcis

kj aksvif cgmxnjkis kj Bia`kym*

Vdiri nri ekui rinsgjs pd{ n cgfi! sycd ns vdi Bia`knj Cgrxgrnvi @guirjnjci Cgfi! pdkcd ks svrycvyrif nrgyjf

xrkjckxais! xrgukskgjs! `ykfiakjis njf vdi cgmxa{ gr itxankj mivdgfgag`{! cnj bi ieeicvkui njf ieekckijv kj ncdkiu-

kj` bivvir cgrxgrnvi `guirjnjci*

Ekrsv! vdi Cgfi 288;! ns pns vdi xriukgys Cgfi! ks n egrmna itxrisskgj b{ vdi rixrisijvnvkuis ge vdi cgrxgrnvi ainf-

irs kj Bia`kym ge vdikr cgmmkvmijv vg crinvi svnjfnrfs njf bijcdmnrls n`nkjsv pdkcd cgrxgrnvi bidnukgyrs njf

svrycvyris cnj bi oyfìf b{ kjskfirs njf gyvskfirs* Pkvdgyv n cgfi kv pgyaf bi jinra{ kmxgsskbai vg mnli nj gboic-

vkui nssissmijv pdivdir cgrxgrnvkgjs nri yskj` bisv xrncvkcis vg `guirj vdimsiauis*

Sicgjf! vdi Cgfi ks aklia{ vg crinvi mgri njf ensvir vrnjsxnrijc{* Kjfiif! yjfir vdi xrgukskgjs ge vdi Cgfi! cgm-

xnjkis pkaa rixgrv njjynaa{ kj vdikr cgrxgrnvi `guirjnjci svnvimijv vg pdnv itvijv vdi{ dnui egaagpif vdi Cgfi

njf ke vdi{ fg jgv! vdi{ nri kjukvif vg itxankj pd{ vdi{ dnui cdgsij vg fiuknvi ergm sgmi ge vdi xrgukskgjs ge vdi

Cgfi*

Vdkrf! vrnjsxnrijc{ pkaa svkmyanvi cgmxaknjci pkvd vdi Cgfi bicnysi kv pkaa bi dnrfir njf dnrfir vg oysvke{ fiuknvkgjs

ergm vdi Cgfi ke vdi Cgfi ks siij b{ cgrxgrnvi ainfirs njf sgckiv{ ns rixrisijvkj` vdi bisv xrncvkci vg gr`njkzi

`ggf `guirjnjci kj aksvif cgmxnjkis*


EGRIPGRF


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Egyrvd! vdi Cgfi cnj bi mgri eaitkbai vdnj dnrf anp* Byskjiss xrncvkcis njf vdi jiif ge cgrxgrnvi svnlidgafirs nri

cgjvkjygysa{ cdnj`kj`* Vdi Cgfi cnj spkeva{ njvkckxnvi njf ri`ksvir sycd cdnjìs njf egrmyanvi ricgmmijfnvkgjs

egr nxxrgxrknvi ncvkgjs* Kj vdks pn{ vdi Cgfi cnj nasg bi mgri ieeicvkui* Ai`na ri`yanvkgjs mysv vnli kjvg nccgyjv

vdi kmxncv ge vdi anp gj gvdir nsxicvs* N cnsi kj xgkjv ks vdi siuirnjci xn{ ge iticyvkui fkricvgrs! pdkcd ks uir{

fkeekcyav vg ri`yanvi b{ ai`na kjkvknvkuis `kuij vdi sxkaa-guir gj gvdir cgmxijsnvkgj s{svims* Skjci vdi Cgfi ks bnsif

gj ugayjvnr{ cgmxaknjci ricgmmijfnvkgjs! vdi Cgfi cnj mgri inska{ njf ieeicvkuia{ mnli ricgmmijfnvkgjs egr

sycd kssyis*

Ekevd! vdi Cgfi sdgyaf nasg bi siij ns cgmxaimijvkj` itksvkj` ai`ksanvkgj* Kj vdks pn{ ai`na kjkvknvkuis njf vdi Cgfi

sdgyaf `g dnjf kj dnjf njf vgìvdir vdi{ sdgyaf egrm n ernmipgrl kj pdkcd aksvif cgrxgrnvkgjs cnj svrkui vg ìv

vdi bisv xgsskbai cgrxgrnvi `guirjnjci*

Sgmi svyfkis dnui sy`ìsvif vdnv cgmxaknjci pkvd vdi Cgfi ks ~ykvi dk`d njf vdnv fiuknvkgjs! navdgy`d sgmivkmis

sxicvncyanr! nri itcixvkgjna* N cgfi pkaa jiuir bi nbai vg `ynrnjvii eyaa cgmxaknjci* Byv vdiri ks nasg jg cirvnkjv{

vdnv n ai`na kjkvknvkui pkaa ncdkiui cgmxaivi cgmxaknjci* Dijci vdi encv vdnv cgmxaknjci ks jgv eyaa{ `ynrnjviif

sdgyaf jgv bi ysif ns n cgyjvir nr`ymijv n`nkjsv n ugayjvnr{ cgfi*

Vdi Cgfi 288; kjvrgfycis sgmi kmxgrvnjv cdnjìs* Vdi sixnrnvkgj ge vdi rgai ge vdi cdnkrmnj ge vdi bgnrf ge

fkricvgrs njf vdi CIG ks gji sycd cdnjì* Njgvdir ks vdi imxdnsks gj vdi rgai ge vdi bgnrf ge fkricvgrs* Byv mgsv

nvvijvkgj! dgpiuir! ks aklia{ vg `g vg vdi ricgmmijfnvkgjs vdnv nri mnfi cgjcirjkj` iticyvkui rimyjirnvkgj* Vdi

Cgfi nfugcnvis cgmxaivi vrnjsxnrijc{ nbgyv rimyjirnvkgj njf siuirnjci xn{ vgpnrfs sdnridgafirs njf vdi gyv-

skfi pgraf* Vdi Cgmmkvvii dgxis vg dnui ncdkiuif n mnogr brinlvdrgy`d kj vdks nrin*

Guir vdi xnsv {inrs mnj{ kjfkukfynas njf kjsvkvyvkgjs dnui cgjvrkbyvif sybsvnjvknaa{ vg vdi fiuiagxmijv njf

kmxrguimijv ge vdi Bia`knj Cgfi gj Cgrxgrnvi @guirjnjci* K gja{ ogkjif vdi Cgmmkvvii ricijva{ ns cdnkrmnj! sg

K vdkjl kv ks nxxrgxrknvi vdnv K itxriss m{ `rinv nxxricknvkgj egr vdi pgrl vdnv dns biij fgji sg enr gj cgrxgrnvi

`guirjnjci egr aksvif cgmxnjkis* K kjukvi iuir{gji vg ria{ gj vdi 288; Cgfi vg cgjvkjyi sxrinfkj` `ggf cgrxgrnvi

`guirjnjci xrncvkcis kj aksvif cgmxnjkis*

9Bia`knj Cgfi gj cgrxgrnvi `guirjnjci

Dirmnj FnimsCdnkrmnj


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0XRINMBAI ' Bia`knj Cgfi gj cgrxgrnvi `guirjnjci

> Pdnv ks cgrxgrnvi `guirjnjci7Cgrxgrnvi `guirjnjci ks n siv ge ryais njf bidnukgyrs pdkcd fivirmkji dgp cgmxnjkis nri mnjnìf njf cgjvrgaaif* N

`ggf cgrxgrnvi `guirjnjci mgfia pkaa ncdkiui kvs `gna b{ sivvkj` n xrgxir bnanjci bivpiij ainfirsdkx! ijvrixrijiyrsdkx

njf xiregrmnjci gj vdi gji dnjf! njf cgjvrga ns piaa ns cgjegrmkv{ pkvd vdks siv ge ryais gj vdi gvdir dnjf*

@ggf `guirjnjci mysv bi imbiffif kj n cgmxnj{'s unayis* Kv xrgukfis micdnjksms vg ijsyri ainfirsdkx! kjvi`rkv{ njf

vrnjsxnrijc{ kj vdi fickskgj-mnlkj` xrgciss* Kv sdgyaf diax fivirmkji n cgmxnj{'s gboicvkuis! vdi minjs vdrgy`d pdkcd

vdisi gboicvkuis nri ncdkiuif njf dgp xiregrmnjci ks vg bi iunaynvif* Vdisi gboicvkuis sdgyaf bi kj vdi kjvirisv ge vdi

cgmxnj{! kvs sdnridgafirs njf gvdir svnlidgafirs*

Cgrxgrnvi guirjnjci nasg ri~ykris cgjvrga! k*i* ieeicvkui iunaynvkgj ge xiregrmnjci! cnrieya mnjnìmijv ge xgvijvkna rksls!

njf xrgxir syxirukskgj ge cgjegrmkv{ vdrgy`d n`riif xrgcifyris njf xrgcissis* Vdi imxdnsks akis gj mgjkvgrkj` vdi ieeic-

vkui gxirnvkgj ge cgjvrga s{svims! mnjn`kj` xgvijvkna cgjeakcvs ge kjvirisv njf kmxaimijvkj` syeekckijv cdicls vg xriuijv nj{

nbysi ge xgpir*

2 Mnkj nkm ge vdi Cgrxgrnvi @guirjnjci Cgfi $vdi 'Cgfi'+Vdi Cgfi's mnkj gboicvkui ks vg syxxgrv agj`-virm unayi crinvkgj* Byskjiss syccissis dnui sdgpj vdnv `ggf `guirjnjci

cnj ainf vg vdi crinvkgj ge pinavd! jgv gja{ egr sdnridgafirs byv nasg egr naa gvdir svnlidgafirs* Cgrxgrnvi enkayris! dgpiu-

ir! mn{ ainf vg sk`jkekcnjv agssis piaa bi{gjf vdi agss ge sdnridgafir cnxkvna*

Vdi ekjnjckna crksks dns sdgpj dgp kmxgrvnjv cgjekfijci ks* @ggf `guirjnjci! bnsif gj vrnjsxnrijc{ njf nccgyjvnbkakv{!

sdgyaf rikjegrci vdi cgjekfijci ge kjuisvgrs njf ekjnjckirs kj cgmxnjkis njf pkaa bijiekv gvdir svnlidgafirs* Cgjekfijci kj

vyrj pkaa ijnbai cgmxnjkis vg ncciss itvirjna eyjfkj` njf vg gbvnkj risgyrcis nv n agpir cgsv* @guirjnjci cnj nasg brkj`

mncrg-icgjgmkc nfunjvnìs b{ kmxrgukj` icgjgmkc ieekckijc{! svkmyanvkj` `rgpvd! njf snei`ynrfkj` xrkunvi kjuisvmijvs*

3 Cgjvitv ge vdi CgfiBia`knj cgmxnj{ anp njf ekjnjckna ai`ksanvkgj cgjvnkj nj itvijskui siv ge `guirjnjci ryais vdnv nxxa{ vg aksvif cgmxnjkis*

Vdi Cgfi mysv bi cgjskfirif kj vdks cgjvitv* Vdi Cgmmkvvii dns bnsif vdi Cgfi gj Bia`knj anp! kj xnrvkcyanr vdi Bia`knj

Cgfi gj Cgmxnjkis njf ekjnjckna ai`ksanvkgj* Vdi Cgfi ks cgmxaimijvnr{ vg itksvkj` Bia`knj anp< jg xrgukskgj ge vdi Cgfi

mn{ bi kjvirxrivif ns firg`nvkj` ergm Bia`knj anp* Vdi Cgfi dns biij frnpj yx pkvd vdi 'gji-vkir bgnrf' mgfia kj mkjf*

Vdi Cgmmkvvii dns nasg cgjskfirif itvijskuia{ vdi Iyrgxinj Cgmmksskgj's kjkvknvkuis kj vdi ekiaf ge cgrxgrnvi guirjnjci!

ns piaa ns kjvirjnvkgjna `guirjnjci ricgmmijfnvkgjs* Vdisi ricgmmijfnvkgjs dnui aif vg nffkvkgjna xrgukskgjs gj bisv

xrncvkcis vdnv `g bi{gjf Bia`knj anp*

6 Svrycvyri! cgjvijv njf jnvyri ge vdi CgfiVdi Cgfi ks bnsif gj vdi 'cgmxa{ gr itxankj' xrkjckxai* Vdks xrkjckxai! enugyrif b{ vdi GICF! ks ricg`jksif b{ Fkricvkui

288565IC! pdkcd svnvis vdnv aksvif cgmxnjkis sdnaa xybaksd n cgrxgrnvi `guirjnjci svnvimijv* Vdi eaitkbkakv{ xrgukfif

b{ vdks xrkjckxai dns biij xrieirrif vg n svrkcv njf rk`kf nxxakcnvkgj ge n fivnkaif siv ge ryais bicnysi kv naagps egr nccgyjv

vg bi vnlij ge cgmxnj{'s sxickekckvkis sycd ns skzi! sdnridgafkj` svrycvyri! ncvkukvkis! itxgsyri vg rksls njf mnjnìmijv

svrycvyri*

Vdi Cgfi cgjvnkjs xrkjckxais! xrgukskgjs njf `ykfiakjis*

Vdi Cgfi ks svrycvyrif yjfir jkji xrkjckxais pdkcd nri vdi xkaanrs ge `ggf cgrxgrnvi `guirjnjci*

XRINMBAI


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4 XRINMBAI ' Bia`knj Cgfi gj cgrxgrnvi `guirjnjci

Xrgukskgjs $sgmi ge pdkcd nri eyrvdir sybsvnjvknvif kj vdi Nxxijfkcis+ nri ricgmmijfnvkgjs fiscrkbkj` dgp vg nxxa{ vdi

xrkjckxais* Cgmxnjkis nri itxicvif vg cgmxa{ pkvd vdisi xrgukskgjs gr itxankj pd{! vnlkj` kjvg nccgyjv vdikr sxickekc skvyn-

vkgj! vdi{ fg jgv cgmxa{ pkvd vdim*

Kj sxickekc cnsis cgmxnjkis mn{ fixnrv ergm sgmi ge vdi Cgfi's xrgukskgjs! ke vdi{ `kui n cgjskfirnvi itxanjnvkgj ge

vdi rinsgjs egr fgkj` sg* Vdisi cgmxnjkis sdgyaf fivirmkji pdnv vdi{ cgjskfir vg bi vdi bisv xrncvkci kj vdikr sxickekc

skvynvkgj! njf xrgukfi n sgyjf rinsgj $'itxankj'+ kj vdikr Cgrxgrnvi @guirjnjci Svnvimijv* Smnaair cgmxnjkis! egr

itnmxai! mn{ cgjskfir vdnv sgmi xrgukskgjs nri fksxrgxgrvkgjnvi gr aiss riaiunjv* Nasg! dgafkj` njf kjuisvmijv

cgmxnjkis mn{ dnui n fkeeirijv bgnrf svrycvyri! pdkcd cnj neeicv vdi riaiunjci ge cirvnkj xrgukskgjs* Cgmxnjkis

`kukj` n cgjskfirif itxanjnvkgj egr vdi rinsgjs pd{ vdi{ fixnrv ergm vdi Cgfi cnj svkaa bi cgjskfirif vg bi nxxa{kj`

vdi Cgfi*

Vdi xrgukskgjs nri syxxaimijvif pkvd `ykfiakjis! xrgukfkj` `ykfnjci gj dgp vdi cgmxnj{ sdgyaf kmxaimijv gr kjvirxriv

vdi xrgukskgjs ge vdi Cgfi* Vdi gbak`nvkgj vg 'cgmxa{ gr itxankj' fgis jgv nxxa{ vg vdisi `ykfiakjis*

Egr n bivvir yjfirsvnjfkj` njf egr rinsgjs ge cgmxridijskuijiss! vdi Cgfi cgjvnkjs sgmi ricijv ai`na xrgukskgjs*

Ckvnvkgjs ge vdisi ai`na xrgukskgjs nri xyv kj kvnakcs*

Rieirijci vg gji ìjfir kj vdi Cgfi kjcayfis rieirijci vg vdi gvdir ìjfir*

9 FkscagsyriFkscagsyri ks issijvkna egr cgrxgrnvi `guirjnjci njf cryckna vg naagp ieeicvkui itvirjna mgjkvgrkj`* Vdrgy`d fkscagsyri! vdi

Cgfi siils vg ncdkiui n dk`d aiuia ge vrnjsxnrijc{*

Vrnjsxnrijc{ ks ncdkiuif vdrgy`d fkscagsyri ukn vpg fkeeirijv fgcymijvs? vdi Cgrxgrnvi @guirjnjci Cdnrvir! xgsvif gj

vdi cgmxnj{'s pibskvi! njf vdi Cgrxgrnvi @guirjnjci Svnvimijv! n sxickekc sicvkgj ge vdi njjyna rixgrv*

Kj kvs Cgrxgrnvi @guirjnjci Cdnrvir! vdi cgmxnj{ mysv fiscrkbi vdi mnkj nsxicvs ge kvs cgrxgrnvi `guirjnjci! sycd ns kvs

`guirjnjci svrycvyri! vdi virms ge rieirijci ge vdi bgnrf njf kvs cgmmkvviis ns piaa ns gvdir kmxgrvnjv vgxkcs* Vdi

Cgrxgrnvi @guirjnjci Cdnrvir sdgyaf bi yxfnvif ri`yanra{*

Vdi Cgrxgrnvi @guirjnjci Svnvimijv sdgyaf svnvi vdnv vdi cgmxnj{ dns nfgxvif vdks Cgfi ns kvs rieirijci cgfi* Kv sdgyaf

nasg kjcayfi mgri encvyna kjegrmnvkgj rianvkj` vg cgrxgrnvi `guirjnjci? i*`* vdi xrgukskgjs kv fgis jgv cgmxa{ pkvd njf vdi

rinsgjs egr jgj-cgmxaknjci! vdi rimyjirnvkgj rixgrv! n fiscrkxvkgj ge vdi mnkj einvyris ge vdi kjvirjna cgjvrga njf rksl mnj-

nìmijv s{svims njf n fiscrkxvkgj ge vdi cgmxgskvkgj njf gxirnvkgj ge vdi bgnrf*

5 Mgjkvgrkj` % CgmxaknjciNs kj mnj{ gvdir cgyjvrkis! vdi Cgmmkvvii dns gxvif egr n cgmbkjif mgjkvgrkj` s{svim vdnv riakis gj vdi bgnrf! vdi cgm-

xnj{'s sdnridgafirs! vdi svnvyvgr{ nyfkvgr njf vdi Bnjlkj`! Ekjnjci njf Kjsyrnjci Cgmmksskgj $CBEN+! ns piaa ns gvdir xgs-

skbai micdnjksms*

Vdi Bgnrf

Kj n 'gji-vkir bgnrf' mgfia! vdi bgnrf dns n fyna rgai vg xan{? vg syxxgrv ijvrixrijiyrsdkx njf vg ijsyri ieeic-

vkui mgjkvgrkj` njf cgjvrga* Dijci! vg bi nbai vg xan{ kvs rgai ns vdi ynrfknj ge vdi cgrxgrnvi kjvirisv! kv ks kmxgr-

vnjv vdnv vdi bgnrf ks cgmxgsif ge bgvd iticyvkui njf jgj-iticyvkui fkricvgrs* Naa fkricvgrs sdgyaf fimgjsvrnvi

kjfixijfijci ge oyfìmijv njf gboicvkukv{ kj mnlkj` bgnrf fickskgjs* Vdi kjfixijfijv fkricvgrs pkaa dnui n cry-

ckna rgai vg xan{ kj vdks risxicv* Kv ks vdi bgnrf's risxgjskbkakv{ vg ijsyri vdi nccyrnc{ njf cgmxaivijiss ge vdi

Cgrxgrnvi @guirjnjci Cdnrvir njf vdi Cgrxgrnvi @guirjnjci Svnvimijv*


9/42

;XRINMBAI ' Bia`knj Cgfi gj cgrxgrnvi `guirjnjci

Sdnridgafirs

@kuij vdi Cgfi's eaitkbai 'cgmxa{ gr itxankj' nxxrgncd! sdnridgafirs! njf kj xnrvkcyanr kjsvkvyvkgjna sdnridgafirs!

xan{ nj kmxgrvnjv rgai kj cnrieyaa{ iunaynvkj` n cgmxnj{'s cgrxgrnvi guirjnjci njf sdgyaf pik`d yx naa riaiunjv

encvgrs frnpj vg vdikr nvvijvkgj*

Sdnridgafirs sdgyaf cnrieyaa{ cgjskfir itxanjnvkgjs `kuij egr fiuknvkgjs ergm vdi Cgfi njf mnli rinsgjif

oyfìmijvs kj incd cnsi* Vdi{ sdgyaf bi xrixnrif vg ijvir kjvg n fknag`yi ke vdi{ fg jgv nccixv vdi cgmxnj{'s

xgskvkgj! binrkj` kj mkjf! kj xnrvkcyanr! vdi skzi njf cgmxaitkv{ ge vdi cgmxnj{ njf vdi jnvyri ge vdi rksls njf

cdnaaijìs kv encis*

Cgjvrgaakj` sdnridgafirs cnj nxxgkjv rixrisijvnvkuis vg vdi bgnrf* Vdi{ nri vdiriegri kj n xgskvkgj vg mgjkvgr

bgvd ergm vdi kjskfi njf vdi gyvskfi ge vdi cgmxnj{! pkvd vdi bijiekvs njf rksls vdnv sycd n svrgj` xgskvkgj mn{

ijvnka* Cgjvrgaakj` sdnridgafirs sdgyaf vdys mnli cgjskfirif ysi ge vdikr xgskvkgj njf risxicv vdi rk`dvs njf kjvir-

isvs ge mkjgrkv{ sdnridgafirs*

Vdi Svnvyvgr{ Nyfkvgr

Pkvdkj kvs svnvyvgr{ nyfkv mksskgj! ns ankf fgpj kj nrvkcais >66 njf >64 ge vdi Cgfi gj Cgmxnjkis! vdi svnvyvgr{

nyfkvgr dns vg itxriss nj gxkjkgj gj vdi vryi njf enkr ukip ge vdi cgmxnj{'s nssivs njf aknbkakvkis! kvs ekjnjckna xgsk-

vkgj njf vdi risyavs ge kvs gxirnvkgjs kj nccgrfnjci pkvd vdi ekjnjckna rixgrvkj` ernmipgrl nxxakcnbai kj Bia`kym*

Kv ks nasg vdi risxgjskbkakv{ ge vdi svnvyvgr{ nyfkvgr vg cgmmijv gj vdi njjyna rixgrv* Vdi svnvyvgr{ nyfkvgr dns vg

uirke{ vdnv vdi njjyna rixgrv kjcayfis vdi kjegrmnvkgj ri~ykrif b{ Nrvkcais ;5 njf >>; ge vdi Cgfi gj Cgmxnjkis!

njf vdnv kv ks cgjsksvijv pkvd vdi ekjnjckna svnvimijvs*

Eyrvdirmgri! vdi jip Nrvkcai 925bks! 9 ge vdi Cgfi gj Cgmxnjkis ri~ykris vdi svnvyvgr{ nyfkvgr vg rixgrv vg vdi

nyfkv cgmmkvvii gj vdi li{ mnvvirs nrkskj` ergm vdi svnvyvgr{ nyfkv ge vdi ekjnjckna svnvimijvs! njf kj xnrvkcyanr

gj mnvirkna pinljissis kj kjvirjna cgjvrga kj rianvkgj vg vdi ekjnjckna rixgrvkj` xrgciss*

CBEN

Ncvkj` pkvdkj kvs mksskgj ge syxirukskgj ge vdi xirkgfkc njf gj`gkj` kjegrmnvkgj gbak`nvkgjs ge aksvif cgmxnjkis!

ns siv gyv kj vdi anp ge 2 Ny`ysv 2882! vdi CBEN cgjvrkbyvis vg vdi itvirjna mgjkvgrkj` ge vdi Cgfi* Kv aijfs kvs

mgrna syxxgrv vg vdi kmxaimijvnvkgj ge vdi fkscagsyri xrgukskgjs pdkcd vdi Cgfi nffrissis vg Bia`knj aksvif cgm-

xnjkis! kj nffkvkgj vg vdi gbak`nvkgjs kmxgsif b{ vdi nxxakcnbai anps njf ri`yanvkgjs*

Vdi itksvijci njf vdi nccixvnjci b{ vdi Bia`knj ekjnjckna pgraf ge n skjài Cgfi gj cgrxgrnvi `guirjnjci cgj-

vrkbyvis vg vdi rikjegrcimijv ge vdi Bia`knj ekjnjckna mnrliv njf vdi cgjekfijci ge kjuisvgrs*

Vdi CBEN ricgmmijfs vdnv aksvif cgmxnjkis fkscagsi riaiunjv kjegrmnvkgj nbgyv vdikr cgrxgrnvi `guirjnjci

ryais njf xrncvkcis kj nccgrfnjci pkvd vdi xrgukskgjs ge vdi Cgfi* Kv ks yx vg vdi aksvif cgmxnjkis vg fivirmkji

pdivdir vdi{ cgmxa{ pkvd vdi Cgfi's xrgukskgjs! gr itxankj vdikr rinsgjs egr jgj-cgmxaknjci* Ke! cgjvrnr{ vg

Xrkjckxai ; njf Nxxijfkt E! jg fkscagsyri ks mnfi nbgyv n sxickekc kvim ns kfijvkekif kj vdi Cgfi! vdi CBEN! pkvd-

kj vdi ernmipgrl ge kvs syxiruksgr{ xrg`rnmmi! pkaa frnp vdi nvvijvkgj ge vdi aksvif cgmxnj{ vg vdnv encv njf kjukv-

kj` kv vg fkscagsi vdi rinsgjs egr jgj-cgmxaknjci* Vdi CBEN's rgai ks akmkvif vg uirke{kj` vdi gbsirunjci ge vdi

'cgmxa{ gr itxankj' xrkjckxai! njf vg kjukvi cgmxnjkis vg akui yx vg kv* Mgriguir! vdi CBEN xybaksdis! ergm vkmi vg

vkmi! ìjirna cgmxnrnvkui guirukips ge cgrxgrnvi `guirjnjci xrncvkcis kj Bia`knj aksvif cgmxnjkis*

Dgpiuir! pkvd risxicv vg mnjfnvgr{ fkscagsyri ri~ykrimijvs ns kmxgsif yjfir vdi nxxakcnbai anps gr ri`yanvkgjs -

pdivdir gr jgv xnrv ge vdi Cgfi - vdi CBEN's nyvdgrkv{! kjcayfkj` kvs xgpirs vg kmxgsi snjcvkgjs! rimnkj yjcdnjìf*

Kvs rgai kj vdi itvirjna mgjkvgrkj` ge vdi Cgfi fgis jgv navir kvs ai`naa{ mnjfnvif syxiruksgr{ risxgjskbkakv{*


10/42

>8 XRINMBAI ' Bia`knj Cgfi gj cgrxgrnvi `guirjnjci

0 Egaagp-yxVdi Cgmmkvvii nasg eiias vdnv pdnv cgjsvkvyvis `ggf cgrxgrnvi `guirjnjci pkaa iugaui pkvd cdnj`kj` byskjiss ckrcym-

svnjcis njf kjvirjnvkgjna ekjnjckna mnrlivs ri~ykrimijvs* Kv ks vdiriegri kmxgrvnjv vg ijsyri n ri`yanr riukip ge cgrxgrnvi

`guirjnjci xrncvkcis njf nfnxvnvkgj ge vdi ricgmmijfnvkgjs pdiri jicissnr{* Vdks ri~ykrif vdi siv-yx ge nj nxxrgxrknvi

micdnjksm*

Vg vdks ijf! kj Mn{ 2880! gj vdi kjkvknvkui ge vdi EIB! Iyrgjitv Bryssias njf vdi gvdir egyjfkj` mimbirs! vdi Cgmmkvvii

bicnmi n xrkunvi egyjfnvkgj njf pns itxnjfif vg kjcayfi cirvnkj svnlidgafirs! sycd ns vdi Kjsvkvyvi ge Ri`ksvirif Nyfkvgrs

njf vdi Cijvrna Icgjgmkc Cgyjcka* Vdi Cgmmkvvii's mnkj gboicvkui ks vg ijsyri vdnv vdi Cgfi's xrgukskgjs rimnkj riaiunjv

vg aksvif cgmxnjkis njf nri ri`yanra{ yxfnvif kj akji pkvd xrncvkci! ai`ksanvkgj njf kjvirjnvkgjna svnjfnrfs* Vdks 288; Cgfi

ks xnrv ge vdks xrgciss*

4 Scgxi ge nxxakcnvkgj njf ijvr{ kjvg egrciVdi Cgfi nxxakis vg cgmxnjkis kjcgrxgrnvif kj Bia`kym pdgsi sdnris nri nfmkvvif vg vrnfkj` gj n ri`yanvif mnrliv $'aksvif

cgmxnjkis'+* Dgpiuir! `kuij kvs eaitkbkakv{! vdi Cgfi cgyaf nasg sirui ns n rieirijci ernmipgrl egr naa gvdir cgmxnjkis*

Vdi 288; Cgfi ks vdi sicgjf ifkvkgj ge vdi Bia`knj Cgrxgrnvi @guirjnjci Cgfi* Vdi 288; Cgfi nxxakis vg rixgrvkj` {inrs

bi`kjjkj` gj gr nevir > Onjynr{ 288;* Kv syxirsifis njf rixancis vdi Cgfi kssyif kj 2886*

Kj 288;! cgmxnjkis nri itxicvif vg riukip vdikr `guirjnjci kj vdi ak`dv ge vdi 288; Cgfi's xrgukskgjs njf! pdiri nxxrg-

xrknvi! vg nfoysv vdikr `guirjnjci xrncvkcis njf vdikr Cgrxgrnvi @guirjnjci Cdnrvir nccgrfkj`a{* Cgmxnjkis nri itxicvif

vg cgmxa{ pkvd vdi jip xrgukskgjs egr fkscagsyri kj vdi 288; Cgrxgrnvi @guirjnjci Svnvimijv ge vdikr njjyna rixgrv! vg bi

xybaksdif kj 28>8*


11/42

>>XRKJCKXAI > ' Bia`knj Cgfi gj cgrxgrnvi `guirjnjci

>*> Iuir{ cgmxnj{ sdgyaf bi dinfif b{ n cgaai`kna bgnrf* Vdi cgmxnj{ sdgyaf fiekji njf fkscagsi vdi bgnrf's virms gerieirijci kj kvs Cgrxgrnvi @guirjnjci Cdnrvir $dirikjnevir "C@ Cdnrvir"+*

@ykfiakji Vdi bgnrf's rgai sdgyaf bi vg xyrsyi vdi agj`-virm sycciss ge vdi cgmxnj{ b{ xrgukfkj` ijvrixrijiyr-

kna ainfirsdkx njf ijnbakj` rksls vg bi nssissif njf mnjnìf*

@ykfiakji Vdi bgnrf's risxgjskbkakvkis sdgyaf bi fiekjif kj vdi nrvkcais ge nssgcknvkgj ge vdi cgmxnj{ njf kj vdi

virms ge rieirijci ge vdi bgnrf* Kv sdgyaf fivnka kvs risxgjskbkakvkis! fyvkis! cgmxgskvkgj njf gxirnvkgj!

pkvdkj vdi akmkvs fiekjif b{ vdi cgmxnj{'s nrvkcais ge nssgcknvkgj*

@ykfiakji Vdi bgnrf sdgyaf bi gr`njksif kj grfir vg xiregrm kvs vnsls ieekckijva{*

@ykfiakji Vdi cgmxnj{ sdgyaf nfnxv kvs `guirjnjci svrycvyri vg kvs iugaukj` jiifs*

>*2 Vdi bgnrf sdgyaf fickfi gj vdi cgmxnj{'s unayis njf svrnvi`{! kvs rksl nxxivkvi njf li{ xgakckis*

@ykfiakji Vdi bgnrf sdgyaf ijsyri vdnv vdi jicissnr{ ainfirsdkx! dymnj njf ekjnjckna risgyrcis nri kj xanci egr

vdi cgmxnj{ vg miiv kvs gboicvkuis*

@ykfiakji Kj vrnjsanvkj` unayis njf svrnvi`kis kjvg li{ xgakckis! vdi bgnrf sdgyaf xn{ nvvijvkgj vg cgrxgrnvi sgckna

risxgjskbkakv{! ìjfir fkuirskv{ njf fkuirskv{ kj ìjirna*

>*3 Pkvd risxicv vg kvs mgjkvgrkj` risxgjskbkakvkis! vdi bgnrf sdgyaf nv ainsv?

- riukip iticyvkui mnjnìmijv xiregrmnjci njf vdi rinaksnvkgj ge vdi cgmxnj{'s svrnvi`{*9 Vdiri sdgyaf bi n cainr fkukskgj ge risxgjskbkakvkis nv vdi dinf ge vdi cgmxnj{ bivpiij vdi ryjjkj` ge vdi bgnrf

njf vdi iticyvkui risxgjskbkakv{ egr vdi ryjjkj` ge vdi cgmxnj{'s byskjiss* Vdi cdnkrmnj ge vdi bgnrf njf vdi cdkie

iticyvkui geekcir $dirikjnevir "CIG"+ sdgyaf jgv bi vdi snmi kjfkukfyna* Vdi fkukskgj ge risxgjskbkakvkis bivpiij vdi

cdnkrmnj njf vdi CIG sdgyaf bi cainra{ isvnbaksdif! siv gyv kj prkvkj` njf n`riif b{ vdi bgnrf*

>*5 Vdi cdnkrmnj sdgyaf isvnbaksd n cagsi rianvkgjsdkx pkvd vdi CIG! xrgukfkj` syxxgrv njf nfukci! pdkai eyaa{ risxicv-kj` vdi iticyvkui risxgjskbkakvkis ge vdi CIG*

>*0 Vdi bgnrf sdgyaf egsvir - vdrgy`d nxxrgxrknvi minsyris - nj ieeicvkui fknag`yi pkvd vdi sdnridgafirs njf xgvij-vkna sdnridgafirs bnsif gj n myvyna yjfirsvnjfkj` ge gboicvkuis njf cgjcirjs*

>*4 Vdi bgnrf sdgyaf ijsyri vdnv kvs gbak`nvkgjs vg naa sdnridgafirs nri yjfirsvggf njf miv* Kv sdgyaf nccgyjv vg vdisdnridgafirs egr vdi fkscdnrì ge kvs risxgjskbkakvkis*


13/42

2*> Vdi bgnrf's cgmxgskvkgj sdgyaf ijsyri vdnv fickskgjs nri mnfi kj vdi cgrxgrnvi kjvirisv* Kv sdgyaf bi fivirmkjif gjvdi bnsks ge ìjfir fkuirskv{ njf fkuirskv{ kj ìjirna! ns piaa ns cgmxaimijvnr{ slkaas! itxirkijci njf ljgpaifì* N

aksv ge vdi mimbirs ge vdi bgnrf sdgyaf bi fkscagsif kj vdi C@ Svnvimijv*

@ykfiakji Vdi bgnrf sdgyaf bi smnaa ijgy`d egr ieekckijv fickskgj-mnlkj`* Kv sdgyaf bi anrì ijgy`d egr kvs mim-

birs vg cgjvrkbyvi itxirkijci njf ljgpaifì ergm fkeeirijv ekiafs njf egr cdnjìs vg vdi bgnrf's cgm-

xgskvkgj vg bi mnjnìf pkvdgyv yjfyi fksryxvkgj*

2*2 Jg kjfkukfyna gr `rgyx ge fkricvgrs sdgyaf fgmkjnvi vdi bgnrf's fickskgj-mnlkj`* Jg gji kjfkukfyna sdgyaf dnuiyjeivvirif xgpirs ge fickskgj-mnlkj`*

2*3 Nv ainsv gji dnae ge vdi bgnrf sdgyaf cgmxrksi jgj-iticyvkui fkricvgrs njf nv ainsv vdrii ge vdim sdgyaf bi kjfi-xijfijv nccgrfkj` vg vdi crkvirkn siv gyv kj Nxxijfkt N*

@ykfiakji N jgj-iticyvkui fkricvgr ks nj{ mimbir ge vdi bgnrf pdg dns jg iticyvkui risxgjskbkakvkis kj vdi cgm-

xnj{*

2*6 Vdi aksv ge vdi mimbirs ge vdi bgnrf! fkscagsif kj kvs C@ Svnvimijv! sdgyaf kjfkcnvi pdkcd fkricvgrs nri kjfixijfijv*

Nj kjfixijfijv fkricvgr pdg cinsis vg snvkse{ vdi ri~ykrimijvs ge kjfixijfijci sdgyaf kmmifknvia{ kjegrm vdi

bgnrf*

2*9 Vdi cdnkrmnj ks risxgjskbai egr vdi ainfirsdkx ge vdi bgnrf* Di sdgyaf vnli vdi jicissnr{ minsyris vg fiuiagx n cak-mnvi ge vrysv pkvdkj vdi bgnrf! cgjvrkbyvkj` vg gxij fkscysskgj! cgjsvrycvkui fkssijv njf syxxgrv egr vdi bgnrf's fick-

skgjs*

@ykfiakji Vdi cdnkrmnj sdgyaf xrgmgvi ieeicvkui kjvirncvkgj bivpiij vdi bgnrf njf vdi iticyvkui mnjnìmijv*

@ykfiakji Vdi bgnrf mn{ ijvrysv vdi cdnkrmnj pkvd gvdir sxickekc risxgjskbkakvkis*

2*5 Vdi cdnkrmnj sivs vdi nìjfn ge vdi bgnrf miivkj`s! nevir cgjsyavnvkgj pkvd vdi CIG! njf ijsyris vdnv xrgcifyrisrianvkj` vg xrixnrnvgr{ pgrl! fiakbirnvkgjs! xnsskj` ge risgayvkgjs njf kmxaimijvnvkgj ge fickskgjs nri xrgxira{ ega-

agpif* Vdi mkjyvis ge vdi miivkj` sdgyaf sym yx vdi fkscysskgjs! sxicke{ nj{ fickskgjs vnlij njf svnvi nj{ risirun-

vkgjs ugkcif b{ fkricvgrs*

@ykfiakji Vdi nìjfn sdgyaf aksv vdi vgxkcs vg bi fkscyssif njf sxicke{ pdivdir vdi{ nri egr kjegrmnvkgj! egr fiakb-

irnvkgj gr egr fickskgj-mnlkj` xyrxgsis*

2*0 Vdi cdnkrmnj ks risxgjskbai egr ijsyrkj` vdnv vdi fkricvgrs ricikui nccyrnvi! vkmia{ njf cainr kjegrmnvkgj biegri vdimiivkj`s njf! pdiri jicissnr{! bivpiij miivkj`s* Naa fkricvgrs sdgyaf ricikui vdi snmi bgnrf kjegrmnvkgj*

@ykfiakji Vdi cdnkrmnj sdgyaf ijsyri vdnv naa fkricvgrs cnj mnli n ljgpaifìnbai njf kjegrmif cgjvrkbyvkgj vg

bgnrf fkscysskgjs njf vdnv vdiri ks syeekckijv vkmi egr cgjskfirnvkgj njf fkscysskgj biegri fickskgj-

mnlkj`*

XRKJCKXAI 2* VDI CGMXNJ[ SDNAA DNUI NJ IEEICVKUI NJF IEEKCKIJVBGNRF VDNV VNLIS FICKSKGJS KJ VDI CGRXGRNVI KJVIRISV

>3XRKJCKXAI 2 ' Bia`knj Cgfi gj cgrxgrnvi `guirjnjci


14/42

>6 Bia`knj Cgfi gj cgrxgrnvi `guirjnjci

@ykfiakji Fkricvgrs sdgyaf dnui ncciss vg kjfixijfijv xrgeisskgjna nfukci nv vdi cgmxnj{'s itxijsi! syboicv vg

cgmxaknjci pkvd vdi riaiunjv xrgcifyri ankf fgpj b{ vdi bgnrf*

2*4 Vdi bgnrf sdgyaf miiv syeekckijva{ ri`yanra{ vg fkscdnr`i kvs fyvkis ieeicvkuia{* Vdi jymbir ge bgnrf njf bgnrf cgm-mkvvii miivkj`s njf vdi kjfkukfyna nvvijfnjci ricgrf ge fkricvgrs sdgyaf bi fkscagsif kj vdi C@ Svnvimijv*

@ykfiakji Vdi cgmxnj{ sdgyaf cgjskfir gr`njkskj` - pdiri jicissnr{ - bgnrf njf cgmmkvvii miivkj`s yskj`

ukfig! viaixdgji gr kjvirjiv-bnsif minjs*

2*; Vdi bgnrf sdgyaf nxxgkjv n cgmxnj{ sicrivnr{ vg nfuksi vdi bgnrf gj naa `guirjnjci mnvvirs* Pdiri jicissnr{! vdicgmxnj{ sicrivnr{ sdgyaf bi nssksvif b{ vdi cgmxnj{ anp{ir* Kjfkukfyna fkricvgrs sdgyaf dnui ncciss vg vdi cgmxn-

j{ sicrivnr{*

@ykfiakji Vdi rgai ge vdi cgmxnj{ sicrivnr{ sdgyaf kjcayfi ijsyrkj`! yjfir vdi fkricvkgj ge vdi cdnkrmnj! `ggf

kjegrmnvkgj eagp pkvdkj vdi bgnrf njf kvs cgmmkvviis njf bivpiij vdi iticyvkui mnjn`imijv njf jgj-

iticyvkui fkricvgrs! ns piaa ns enckakvnvkj` kjfycvkgj njf nssksvkj` pkvd xrgeisskgjna fiuiagxmijv ns

ri~ykrif* Vdi cgmxnj{ sicrivnr{ sdgyaf ri`yanra{ rixgrv vg vdi bgnrf! yjfir vdi fkricvkgj ge vdi cdnkr-

mnj! gj dgp bgnrf xrgcifyris! ryais njf ri`yanvkgjs nri bikj` egaagpif njf cgmxakif pkvd* Vdi virms

ge rieirijci ge vdi bgnrf sdgyaf fiscrkbi vdi rgai njf vnsls ge vdi cgmxnj{ sicrivnr{*


15/42

>9Bia`knj Cgfi gj cgrxgrnvi `guirjnjci

3*> Kjfixijfijci ge oyfìmijv ks ri~ykrif kj vdi fickskgjs ge naa fkricvgrs! iticyvkui njf jgj-iticyvkui nakli! pdivdirvdi jgj-iticyvkui fkricvgrs nri kjfixijfijv gr jgv*

3*2 Fkricvgrs sdgyaf mnli syri vdi{ ricikui fivnkaif njf nccyrnvi kjegrmnvkgj njf sdgyaf svyf{ kv cnrieyaa{ sg ns vgnc~ykri njf mnkjvnkj n cainr yjfirsvnjfkj` ge vdi li{ kssyis riaiunjv vg vdi cgmxnj{'s byskjiss* Vdi{ sdgyaf siil

canrkekcnvkgj pdijiuir vdi{ fiim kv jicissnr{*

3*3 Pdkai iticyvkui njf jgj-iticyvkui fkricvgrs nri xnrv ge vdi snmi cgaai`kna bgf{! vdi{ incd dnui n sxickekc njf cgm-xaimijvnr{ rgai vg xan{ gj vdi bgnrf*

@ykfiakji Iticyvkui fkricvgrs sdgyaf xrgukfi naa riaiunjv byskjiss njf ekjnjckna kjegrmnvkgj egr vdi bgnrf vg eyjc-

vkgj ieeicvkuia{*

@ykfiakji Jgj-iticyvkui fkricvgrs sdgyaf cgjsvrycvkuia{ cdnaaijì njf diax fiuiagx svrnvi`{ njf li{ xgakckis xrg-

xgsif b{ vdi iticyvkui mnjnìmijv*

@ykfiakji Jgj-iticyvkui fkricvgrs sdgyaf scryvkjksi vdi xiregrmnjci ge vdi iticyvkui mnjnìmijv kj miivkj`

n`riif gnas*

3*6 Fkricvgrs cnjjgv ysi vdi kjegrmnvkgj gbvnkjif kj vdikr cnxnckv{ ns fkricvgr egr xyrxgsis gvdir vdnj egr vdi itircksi gevdikr mnjfnvi*

@ykfiakji Fkricvgrs dnui nj gbak`nvkgj vg dnjfai vdi cgjekfijvkna kjegrmnvkgj ricikuif kj vdikr cnxnckv{ ns fkricvgr

pkvd cnyvkgj*

3*9 Incd mimbir ge vdi bgnrf sdgyaf nrrnjì dks xirsgjna njf byskjiss neenkrs sg ns vg nugkf fkricv njf kjfkricv cgjeakcvsge kjvirisv pkvd vdi cgmxnj{* Vrnjsncvkgjs bivpiij vdi cgmxnj{ njf kvs bgnrf mimbirs sdgyaf vnli xanci nv nrms'

aij`vd*

3*5 Vdi bgnrf sdgyaf isvnbaksd n xgakc{ egr vrnjsncvkgjs gr gvdir cgjvrncvyna rianvkgjsdkxs bivpiij vdi cgmxnj{! kjcayfkj`kvs rianvif cgmxnjkis! njf kvs bgnrf mimbirs! pdkcd nri jgv cguirif b{ vdi ai`na xrgukskgjs gj cgjeakcvs ge kjvirisv*

Vdks xgakc{ sdgyaf bi fkscagsif kj vdi C@ Cdnrvir* Cgmmijvs gj vdi nxxakcnvkgj ge vdks xgakc{ sdgyaf bi fkscagsif kj

vdi C@ Svnvimijv*

3*0 Vdi bgnrf sdnaa vnli naa jicissnr{ njf ysieya minsyris egr ieeicvkui njf ieekckijv iticyvkgj ge vdi Bia`knj ryais gj mnr-liv nbysi* Kj vdks risxicv kv sdgyaf nv ainsv nfdiri vg vdi xrgukskgjs njf `ykfiakjis ankf fgpj kj Nxxijfkt B*

XRKJCKXAI 3* NAA FKRICVGRS SDNAAFIMGJSVRNVI KJVI@RKV[ NJF CGMMKVMIJV


16/42

>5 XRKJCKXAI 3 ' Bia`knj Cgfi gj cgrxgrnvi `guirjnjci

Jgmkjnvkgj njf nxxgkjvmijv

6*> Vdiri sdgyaf bi n rk`grgys njf vrnjsxnrijv xrgcifyri egr nj ieekckijv nxxgkjvmijv njf ri-nxxgkjvmijv ge fkricvgrs*Vdi bgnrf sdgyaf frnp yx jgmkjnvkgj xrgcifyris njf siaicvkgj crkvirkn egr bgnrf mimbirs! kjcayfkj` sxickekc ryais egr

iticyvkui njf jgj-iticyvkui fkricvgrs pdiri nxxrgxrknvi*

6*2 Vdi cdnkrmnj ge vdi bgnrf gr njgvdir jgj-iticyvkui fkricvgr sdgyaf ainf vdi jgmkjnvkgj xrgciss* Vdi jgmkjnvkgjcgmmkvvii sdgyaf ricgmmijf sykvnbai cnjfkfnvis vg vdi bgnrf* Vdi bgnrf sdgyaf vdij mnli xrgxgsnas egr nxxgkjv-

mijv gr ri-iaicvkgj vg vdi ìjirna sdnridgafirs' miivkj`*

6*3 Egr nj{ jip nxxgkjvmijv vg vdi bgnrf! vdi slkaas! ljgpaifì njf itxirkijci narinf{ xrisijv njf vdgsi jiifif gjvdi bgnrf sdgyaf bi iunaynvif njf! kj vdi ak`dv ge vdnv iunaynvkgj! n fiscrkxvkgj ge vdi rgai njf slkaas! itxirkijci njf

ljgpaifì jiifif sdgyaf bi xrixnrif $nasg rieirrif vg ns n 'xrgekai'+*

6*6 Pdij finakj` pkvd n jip nxxgkjvmijv! vdi cdnkrmnj ge vdi bgnrf sdgyaf ijsyri vdnv! biegri cgjskfirkj` vdi cnjfk-fnvi! vdi bgnrf dns ricikuif syeekckijv kjegrmnvkgj sycd ns vdi cnjfkfnvi's cyrrkcyaym ukvni! nj nssissmijv ge vdi cnj-

fkfnvi bnsif gj vdi cnjfkfnvi's kjkvkna kjvirukip! n aksv ge vdi xgskvkgjs cyrrijva{ diaf b{ vdi cnjfkfnvi! njf! ke nxxak-

cnbai! vdi jicissnr{ kjegrmnvkgj nbgyv vdi cnjfkfnvi's kjfixijfijci*

6*9 Jgj-iticyvkui fkricvgrs sdgyaf bi mnfi npnri ge vdi itvijv ge vdikr fyvkis nv vdi vkmi ge vdikr nxxakcnvkgj! kj xnrvkc-yanr ns vg vdi vkmi cgmmkvmijv kjugauif kj cnrr{kj` gyv vdgsi fyvkis* Vdi{ sdgyaf jgv cgjskfir vnlkj` gj mgri vdnj

ekui fkricvgrsdkxs kj aksvif cgmxnjkis* Cdnjìs vg vdikr gvdir riaiunjv cgmmkvmijvs njf vdikr jip cgmmkvmijvs gyv-

skfi vdi cgmxnj{ sdgyaf bi rixgrvif vg vdi cdnkrmnj ge vdi bgnrf ns vdi{ nrksi*

@ykfiakji Jgj-iticyvkui fkricvgrs sdgyaf yjfirvnli vg dnui syeekckijv vkmi vg miiv pdnv ks itxicvif ge vdim! vnl-

kj` kjvg nccgyjv vdi jymbir njf kmxgrvnjci ge vdikr gvdir cgmmkvmijvs*

6*5 Nj{ xrgxgsna egr vdi nxxgkjvmijv ge n fkricvgr b{ vdi ijirna sdnridgafirs' miivkj` sdgyaf bi nccgmxnjkif b{ n ric-gmmijfnvkgj ergm vdi bgnrf! bnsif gj vdi nfukci ge vdi jgmkjnvkgj cgmmkvvii* Vdks xrgukskgj nasg nxxakis vg xrg-

xgsnas egr nxxgkjvmijv grk`kjnvkj` ergm sdnridgafirs*

Vdi xrgxgsna sdgyaf sxicke{ vdi xrgxgsif virm ge vdi mnjfnvi! pdkcd sdgyaf jgv itciif egyr {inrs* Kv sdgyaf bi

nccgmxnjkif b{ riaiunjv kjegrmnvkgj gj vdi cnjfkfnvi's xrgeisskgjna ~ynakekcnvkgjs vgìvdir pkvd n aksv ge vdi xgskvkgjs

vdi cnjfkfnvi narinf{ dgafs* Vdi bgnrf pkaa kjfkcnvi pdkcd cnjfkfnvis snvkse{ vdi kjfixijfijci crkvirkn siv gyv kj

Nxxijfkt N*

Pkvdgyv xrioyfkci vg nxxakcnbai ai`na xrgukskgjs! xrgxgsnas egr nxxgkjvmijv sdgyaf bi cgmmyjkcnvif nv ainsv 26 fn{s

biegri vdi ìjirna sdnridgafirs' miivkj`! vgìvdir pkvd vdi gvdir xgkjvs gj vdi nìjfn ge vdi ìjirna sdnridgafirs'

miivkj`*

6*0 Vdi bgnrf sdgyaf nxxgkjv kvs cdnkrmnj gj vdi bnsks ge dks ljgpaifì! slkaas! itxirkijci njf mifknvkgj svrij`vd* Ke

vdi bgnrf ijuksnìs nxxgkjvkj` vdi egrmir CIG ns cdnkrmnj! kv sdgyaf cnrieyaa{ cgjskfir vdi xgskvkui njf ji`nvkui

nsxicvs kj enugyr ge sycd n fickskgj njf fkscagsi kj vdi C@ Svnvimijv pd{ sycd nxxgkjvmijv ks kj vdi bisv kjvirisv

ge vdi cgmxnj{*

XRKJCKXAI 6*VDI CGMXNJ[ SDNAA DNUI N RK@GRGYS NJF VRNJSXNRIJV XRGCI-FYRI EGR VDI NXXGKJVMIJV NJF IUNAYNVKGJ GE VDI BGNRF NJF KVS MIMBIRS


17/42

>0XRKJCKXAI 6 ' Bia`knj Cgfi gj cgrxgrnvi `guirjnjci

Xrgeisskgjna fiuiagxmijv

6*4 Vdi cdnkrmnj sdgyaf ijsyri vdnv vdi jipa{ nxxgkjvif fkricvgrs ricikui nj nxxrgxrknvi kjfycvkgj vg ijsyri vdikr spkevcgjvrkbyvkgj vg vdi bgnrf*

@ykfiakji Vdi kjfycvkgj xrgciss sdgyaf diax vdi fkricvgr `rnsx vdi eyjfnmijvnas ge vdi cgmxnj{! kjcayfkj` kvs

svrnvi`{! unayis! `guirjnjci! byskjiss cdnaaijìs! li{ xgakckis! ekjnjci! rksl mnjnìmijv njf kjvirjna

cgjvrga s{svims*

6*; Egr fkricvgrs ogkjkj` bgnrf cgmmkvviis! vdi kjfycvkgj xrgukfif sdgyaf ijcgmxnss n fiscrkxvkgj ge vdikr sxickekc rgainjf fyvkis njf nj{ gvdir kjegrmnvkgj akjlif vg vdi sxickekc rgai ge vdnv cgmmkvvii*

@ykfiakji Egr jip nyfkv cgmmkvvii mimbirs! vdks xrg`rnmmi sdgyaf cguir vdi nyfkv cgmmkvvii's virms ge rieir-

ijci njf xrgukfi nj guirukip ge vdi cgmxnj{'s kjvirjna cgjvrga gr`njksnvkgj njf rksl mnjnìmijv s{s-

vims* Vdi{ sdgyaf bi xrgukfif! kj xnrvkcyanr! pkvd eyaa kjegrmnvkgj gj vdi cgmxnj{'s sxickekc gxirnvkgjna!

ekjnjckna! nccgyjvkj` njf nyfkvkj` einvyris* Vdks kjfycvkgj sdgyaf nasg kjcayfi miivkj` vdi itvirjna nyfk-

vgr njf vdi riaiunjv cgmxnj{ svnee*

6*>8 Fkricvgrs sdgyaf yxfnvi vdikr slkaas njf kmxrgui vdikr ljgpaifì ge vdi cgmxnj{ vg eyaeka vdikr rgai bgvd gj vdi bgnrfnjf gj bgnrf cgmmkvviis*

@ykfiakji Jicissnr{ risgyrcis sdgyaf bi mnfi nunkanbai vg fiuiagx njf yxfnvi vdi fkricvgrs' ljgpaifì njf

slkaas*

Iunaynvkgj

6*>> Yjfir vdi ainf ge kvs cdnkrmnj! vdi bgnrf sdgyaf ri`yanra{ $i*`* nv ainsv iuir{ vpg vg vdrii {inrs+ nssiss kvs skzi!

cgmxgskvkgj! xiregrmnjci njf vdgsi ge kvs cgmmkvviis! ns piaa ns kvs kjvirncvkgj pkvd vdi iticyvkui mnjnì-

mijv*

@ykfiakji Ri`yanr iunaynvkgj b{ vdi bgnrf ge kvs gpj ieeicvkuijiss sdgyaf xrgmgvi cgjvkjygys kmxrguimijv kj vdi

`guirjnjci ge vdi cgmxnj{*

@ykfiakji Vdi iunaynvkgj xrgciss sdgyaf dnui egyr gboicvkuis?

- nssisskj` dgp vdi bgnrf gr vdi riaiunjv cgmmkvvii gxirnvis4 XRKJCKXAI 6 ' Bia`knj Cgfi gj cgrxgrnvi `guirjnjci

6*>3 Vdiri sdgyaf bi n xirkgfkc iunaynvkgj ge vdi cgjvrkbyvkgj ge incd fkricvgr nkmif nv nfnxvkj` vdi cgmxgskvkgj ge

vdi bgnrf vg vnli nccgyjv ge cdnj`kj` ckrcymsvnjcis* Pdij finakj` pkvd ri-iaicvkgj! vdi fkricvgr's cgmmkvmijv

njf ieeicvkuijiss sdgyaf bi iunaynvif kj nccgrfnjci pkvd n xri-isvnbaksdif njf vrnjsxnrijv xrgcifyri*

@ykfiakji Sxickna nvvijvkgj sdgyaf bi kuij vg vdi iunaynvkgj ge vdi cdnkrmnj ge vdi bgnrf njf vdi cdnkrmij ge vdi

cgmmkvviis*

6*>6 Vdi bgnrf sdgyaf ncv gj vdi risyavs ge vdi xiregrmnjci iunaynvkgj b{ ricg`jkskj` kvs svrij`vds njf nffrisskj` kvs

pinljissis* Pdiri nxxrgxrknvi! vdks pkaa kjugaui xrgxgskj` jip mimbirs egr nxxgkjvmijv! xrgxgskj` jgv vg ri-

iaicv itksvkj` mimbirs gr vnlkj` nj{ minsyri fiimif nxxrgxrknvi egr vdi ieeicvkui gxirnvkgj ge vdi bgnrf*

@ykfiakji Vdi bgnrf sdgyaf snvkse{ kvsiae vdnv xanjs nri kj xanci egr vdi grfira{ syccisskgj ge nxxgkjvmijvs vg vdi

bgnrf* Kv sdgyaf snvkse{ kvsiae vdnv nj{ nxxgkjvmijv njf ri-iaicvkgj! pdivdir ge iticyvkui gr jgj-itic-

yvkui fkricvgrs! pkaa naagp nj nxxrgxrknvi bnanjci ge slkaas njf itxirkijci vg bi mnkjvnkjif gj vdi

bgnrf*

6*>9 Kjegrmnvkgj gj vdi mnkj einvyris ge vdi iunaynvkgj xrgciss ge vdi bgnrf! kvs cgmmkvviis njf kvs kjfkukfyna fkricvgrssdgyaf bi fkscagsif kj vdi C@ Svnvimijv*


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>;XRKJCKXAI 9 ' Bia`knj Cgfi gj cgrxgrnvi `guirjnjci

9*> Vdi bgnrf sdgyaf siv yx sxicknaksif cgmmkvviis vg njna{si sxickekc kssyis njf nfuksi vdi bgnrf gj vdgsi kssyis* Vdifickskgj-mnlkj` rimnkjs pkvdkj vdi cgaai`kna risxgjskbkakv{ ge vdi bgnrf* Vdi bgnrf sdgyaf fivirmkji njf fkscagsi vdi

virms ge rieirijci ge incd cgmmkvvii kj vdi C@ Cdnrvir* Kv sdgyaf nasg fivnka vdi cgmxgskvkgj njf gxirnvkgj ge incd

cgmmkvvii kj vdi C@ Svnvimijv*

9*2 Vdi bgnrf sdnaa siv yx nj nyfkv cgmmkvvii kj nccgrfnjci pkvd vdi Cgfi gj Cgmxnjkis* Kv sdgyaf nssksv vdi bgnrf kjeyaekaakj` kvs mgjkvgrkj` risxgjskbkakvkis kj risxicv ge cgjvrga kj vdi brgnfisv sijsi njf egaagp vdi xrgukskgjs siv gyv kj

Nxxijfkt C*

9*3 Vdi bgnrf sdgyaf siv yx n jgmkjnvkgj cgmmkvvii egaagpkj` vdi xrgukskgjs siv gyv kj Nxxijfkt F*

9*6 Vdi bgnrf sdgyaf siv yx n rimyjirnvkgj cgmmkvvii egaagpkj` vdi xrgukskgjs siv gyv kj Nxxijfkt I*

@ykfiakji Vdi jgmkjnvkgj cgmmkvvii njf vdi rimyjirnvkgj cgmmkvvii mn{ bi cgmbkjif! xrgukfif vdnv vdi cgm-

bkjif cgmmkvvii snvksekis vdi cgmxgskvkgj ri~ykrimijvs egr vdi rimyjirnvkgj cgmmkvvii*

9*9 Vdi cdnkrmnj ge vdi bgnrf sdgyaf ijsyri vdnv vdi bgnrf nxxgkjvs cgmmkvvii mimbirs njf n cdnkrmnj egr incd gevdgsi cgmmkvviis* Incd cgmmkvvii ks cgmxgsif ge nv ainsv vdrii mimbirs* Vdi nxxgkjvmijvs sdgyaf jgv bi egr n

virm itciifkj` vdnv ge bgnrf mimbirsdkx*

@ykfiakji Kj fickfkj` gj vdi sxickekc cgmxgskvkgj ge n cgmmkvvii! cgjskfirnvkgj sdgyaf bi kuij vg vdi jiifs njf

~ynakekcnvkgjs ri~ykrif egr vdi gxvkmna eyjcvkgjkj` ge vdnv cgmmkvvii*

@ykfiakji Incd cgmmkvvii mn{ kjukvi nj{ jgj-mimbir vg nvvijf kvs miivkj`s*

9*5 Bgnrf cgmmkvviis sdgyaf bi ijvkvaif vg siil itvirjna xrgeisskgjna nfukci nv vdi cgmxnj{'s itxijsi nevir kjegrmkj`vdi cdnkrmnj ge vdi bgnrf*

9*0 Nevir incd cgmmkvvii miivkj`! vdi bgnrf sdgyaf ricikui n rixgrv ergm incd cgmmkvvii gj kvs ekjfkj`s njf ricgm-mijfnvkgjs*

XRKJCKXAI 9* VDI BGNRF SDNAA SIV YX SXICKNAKSIF CGMMKVVIIS


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28 XRKJCKXAI 5 ' Bia`knj Cgfi gj cgrxgrnvi `guirjnjci

5*> Vdi bgnrf sdgyaf fivirmkji! kj cagsi cgjsyavnvkgj pkvd vdi CIG! vdi virms ge rieirijci ge vdi iticyvkui mnjnìmijv

fivnkakj` kvs risxgjskbkakvkis! fyvkis! xgpirs! cgmxgskvkgj njf gxirnvkgj* Vdisi virms sdgyaf bi fkscagsif kj vdi C@ Cdnrvir*

5*2 Vdi iticyvkui mnjnìmijv sdgyaf kjcayfi! nv ainsv! naa iticyvkui fkricvgrs* Ke n mnjnìmijv cgmmkvvii itksvs! vdi iticy-

vkui mnjnìmijv sdgyaf nasg kjcayfi naa mimbirs ge vdnv cgmmkvvii! krrisxicvkui ge pdivdir vdi cgmmkvvii dns biij isvnb-

aksdif pkvdkj vdi scgxi ge nrvkcai 926bks CgC $ai`na mnjnìmijv cgmmkvvii+* N aksv ge vdi mimbirs ge vdi iticyvkui mnj-

nìmijv sdgyaf bi fkscagsif kj vdi C@ Svnvimijv*

5*3 Vdi jgmkjnvkgj cgmmkvvii sdgyaf nssksv vdi bgnrf gj vdi jgmkjnvkgj njf syccisskgj xanjjkj` ge vdi CIG njf vdi gvdir

mimbirs ge vdi iticyvkui mnjnìmijv! yjaiss gvdirpksi fickfif b{ vdi bgnrf*

5*6 Vdi bgnrf sdgyaf imxgpir vdi iticyvkui mnjnìmijv vg ijnbai kv vg xiregrm kvs risxgjskbkakvkis njf fyvkis* Vnlkj` kjvg

nccgyjv vdi cgmxnj{'s unayis! kvs rksl nxxivkvi njf li{ xgakckis! vdi iticyvkui mnjnìmijv sdgyaf dnui syeekckijv anvkvyfi

vg xrgxgsi njf kmxaimijv cgrxgrnvi svrnvi`{*

5*9 Vdi iticyvkui mnjnìmijv sdgyaf nv ainsv?

- bi ijvrysvif pkvd vdi ryjjkj` ge vdi cgmxnj{ Aiuias ge rimyjirnvkgj sdgyaf bi syeekckijv vg nvvrncv! rivnkj njf mgvkunvi fkricvgrs njf iticyvkui mnjnìrs pdg

dnui vdi xrgekai fivirmkjif b{ vdi bgnrf*

0*2 Vdi cgmxnj{ sdgyaf siv yx n rimyjirnvkgj rixgrv* Vdks rimyjirnvkgj rixgrv sdgyaf egrm n piaa fiekjif xnrv ge

vdi C@ Svnvimijv*

0*3 Vdi cgmxnj{ sdgyaf fkscagsi kj kvs rimyjirnvkgj rixgrv? n fiscrkxvkgj ge kvs kjvirjna xrgcifyri egr fiuiagxkj` $k+ n

rimyjirnvkgj xgakc{ egr jgj-iticyvkui fkricvgrs njf iticyvkui mnjnìrs njf $kk+ egr sivvkj` vdi aiuia ge rimyjirn-

vkgj egr jgj-iticyvkui fkricvgrs njf iticyvkui mnjnìrs*

0*6 Vdi cgmxnj{ sdgyaf nasg fkscagsi kj kvs rimyjirnvkgj rixgrv! n svnvimijv ge vdi nfgxvif rimyjirnvkgj xgakc{ egr

vdi iticyvkui mnjnìrs* Nj{ sk`jkekcnjv cdnjìs vg vdks rimyjirnvkgj xgakc{ gccyrrif skjci vdi ijf ge vdi ekjnj-

ckna rixgrvif {inr sdgyaf bi itxakckva{ imxdnskzif kj vdi rimyjirnvkgj rixgrv*

0*9 Nj kjfkukfyna sdgyaf jgv fickfi dks gpj rimyjirnvkgj*

Jgj-iticyvkui fkricvgrs' rimyjirnvkgj

0*5 Vdi rimyjirnvkgj ge jgj-iticyvkui fkricvgrs sdgyaf vnli kjvg nccgyjv vdikr rgai ns grfkjnr{ bgnrf mimbirs! njf

sxickekc rgais! ns cdnkrmnj ge vdi bgnrf! cdnkrmnj gr mimbir ge bgnrf cgmmkvviis! ns piaa ns vdikr risyavkj`

risxgjskbkakvkis njf cgmmkvmijv kj vkmi*

0*0 Jgj-iticyvkui fkricvgrs sdgyaf jgv bi ijvkvaif vg xiregrmnjci-rianvif rimyjirnvkgj sycd ns bgjysis! svgcl rianv-

if agj`-virm kjcijvkui scdimis! erkjì bijiekvs gr xijskgj bijiekvs*

0*4 Vdi nmgyjv ge vdi rimyjirnvkgj njf gvdir bijiekvs rnjvif fkricva{ gr kjfkricva{ vg jgj-iticyvkui fkricvgrs! b{ vdi

cgmxnj{ gr kvs sybskfknrkis sdgyaf bi fkscagsif! gj nj kjfkukfyna bnsks! kj vdi rimyjirnvkgj rixgrv*

Iticyvkui fkricvgrs' % iticyvkui mnjnìrs' rimyjirnvkgj

0*; Vdi aiuia njf svrycvyri ge vdi rimyjirnvkgj ge iticyvkui mnjnìrs sdgyaf bi sycd vdnv ~ynakekif njf itxirv xrg-

eisskgjnas cnj bi ricrykvif! rivnkjif njf mgvkunvif! vnlkj` kjvg nccgyjv vdi jnvyri njf scgxi ge vdikr kjfkukfyna

risxgjskbkakvkis*

0*>8 Ke nj iticyvkui mnjnìr ks nasg n mimbir ge vdi bgnrf! kjegrmnvkgj gj vdi nmgyjv ge rimyjirnvkgj di ricikuis kj

sycd cnxnckv{ sdgyaf bi fkscagsif kj vdi rimyjirnvkgj rixgrv*

0*>> Nj nxxrgxrknvi xrgxgrvkgj ge nj iticyvkui mnjnìr's rimyjirnvkgj xnclnì sdgyaf bi svrycvyrif sg ns vg akjl

ripnrfs vg cgrxgrnvi njf kjfkukfyna xiregrmnjci! vdirib{ nak`jkj` vdi iticyvkui mnjnìrs' kjvirisvs pkvd vdi

kjvirisvs ge vdi cgmxnj{ njf kvs sdnridgafirs*

0*>2 Pdiri iticyvkui mnjnìrs nri iak`kbai egr kjcijvkuis bnsif gj vdi xiregrmnjci ge vdi cgmxnj{ gr kvs syb-

skfknrkis! vdi crkvirkn egr vdi iunaynvkgj ge xiregrmnjci ncdkiuif n`nkjsv vnrìvs ns piaa ns vdi virm ge iunaynvkgj

XRKJCKXAI 0* VDI CGMXNJ[ SDNAA RIMYJIRNVI FKRICVGRS NJF ITICYVKUIMNJN@IRS ENKRA[ NJF RISXGJSKBA[


22/42


23/42

23XRKJCKXAI 4 ' Bia`knj Cgfi gj cgrxgrnvi `guirjnjci

Siuirnjci xn{

0*>4 Nj{ cgjvrncvyna nrrnjìmijv mnfi pkvd vdi cgmxnj{ gr kvs sybskfknrkis gj gr nevir > Oya{ 288; cgjcirjkj` vdi

rimyjirnvkgj ge vdi CIG gr nj{ gvdir iticyvkui mnjnìr sdgyaf sxicke{ vdnv siuirnjci xn{ npnrfif kj vdi

iuijv ge inra{ virmkjnvkgj sdgyaf jgv itciif >2 mgjvds' bnskc njf unrknbai rimyjirnvkgj*

Vdi bgnrf mn{ cgjskfir dk`dir siuirnjci xn{ eyrvdir vg n ricgmmijfnvkgj b{ vdi rimyjirnvkgj cgmmkvvii*

Sycd dk`dir siuirnjci xn{ sdgyaf bi akmkvif vg n mntkmym ge >4 mgjvds' bnskc njf unrknbai rimyjirnvkgj* Vdi

cgjvrncv sdgyaf sxicke{ pdij sycd dk`dir siuirnjci xn{ mn{ bi xnkf* Vdi bgnrf sdgyaf oysvke{ vdks dk`dir siu-

irnjci xn{ kj vdi rimyjirnvkgj rixgrv*

@ykfiakjiBnskc rimyjirnvkgj cgmxgjijv sdgyaf bi bnsif gj vdi mgjvda{ rimyjirnvkgj xnkf vdi ansv mgjvd

biegri virmkjnvkgj* Unrknbai rimyjirnvkgj cgmxgjijv sdgyaf bi cgjvrncvynaa{ fivirmkjif* Kv sdgyaf

bi bnsif gj unrknbai cgmxijsnvkgj ieeicvkuia{ xnkf fyrkj` vdi cgjvrncv* Kv cgyaf! egr kjsvnjci! rieir vg

vdi xriukgys {inrs unrknbai rimyjirnvkgj gr vg vdi minj unayi ge vdi unrknbai rimyjirnvkgj xnkf guir

n sxickekc jymbir ge xriukgys {inrs*

@ykfiakjiItnmxais ge pdij n dk`dir siuirnjci xn{ cgyaf bi xnkf kjcayfi? fixnrvyri bicnysi ge n mirìr! n

cdnjì ge cgjvrga gr n cdnjì ge svrnvi`{< itksvkj` virmkjnvkgj rk`dvs pkvdkj vdi cgmxnj{< vdi cnjfk-

fnvi's {inrs ge sirukci kj dks xriukgys xgskvkgj< jicissnr{ cgjfkvkgj egr gbvnkjkj` vdi cnjfkfnvi's

n`riimijv*

Vdi cgjvrncv sdgyaf sxicke{ vdnv vdi siuirnjci xnclnì sdgyaf jikvdir vnli nccgyjv ge unrknbai rimyjirnvkgj

jgr itciif >2 mgjvds' bnskc rimyjirnvkgj ke vdi fixnrvkj` CIG gr iticyvkui mnjnìr fkf jgv miiv vdi xir-

egrmnjci crkvirkn rieirrif vg kj vdi cgjvrncv*


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26 XRKJCKXAI 4 ' Bia`knj Cgfi gj cgrxgrnvi `guirjnjci

4*> Vdi cgmxnj{ sdgyaf vrinv naa sdnridgafirs i~ynaa{ njf risxicv vdikr rk`dvs*

Cgmmyjkcnvkgj pkvd sdnridgafirs njf xgvijvkna sdnridgafirs

4*2 Vdi cgmxnj{ sdgyaf fisk`j n fkscagsyri njf cgmmyjkcnvkgj xgakc{ xrgmgvkj` nj ieeicvkui fknag`yi pkvd sdnridgaf-irs njf xgvijvkna sdnridgafirs*

4*3 Vdi cgmxnj{ sdgyaf ijsyri vdnv naa jicissnr{ enckakvkis njf kjegrmnvkgj vg ijnbai sdnridgafirs vg itircksi vdikr

rk`dvs nri nunkanbai* Vdi cgmxnj{ sdgyaf fifkcnvi n sxickekc sicvkgj ge kvs pibskvi vg fiscrkbkj` vdi sdnridgafirs'

rk`dvs vg xnrvkckxnvi njf ugvi nv vdi ìjirna sdnridgafirs' miivkj`* Vdks sicvkgj sdgyaf nasg cgjvnkj n vkmivnbai gj

xirkgfkc kjegrmnvkgj njf sdnridgafirs' miivkj`s* Vdi nrvkcais ge nssgcknvkgj njf vdi C@ Cdnrvir sdgyaf bi nunkanbai

nv nj{ vkmi*

4*6 Vdi cgmxnj{ sdgyaf fkscagsi vdi kfijvkv{ ge kvs mnogr sdnridgafirs kj kvs C@ Cdnrvir! vgìvdir pkvd n fiscrkxvkgj gevdikr ugvkj` rk`dvs njf sxickna cgjvrga rk`dvs! njf! ke vdi{ ncv kj cgjcirv! n fiscrkxvkgj ge vdi li{ iaimijvs ge itksvkj`

sdnridgafirs' n`riimijvs* Vdi cgmxnj{ sdgyaf nasg fkscagsi gvdir fkricv njf kjfkricv rianvkgjsdkxs bivpiij vdi cgm-

xnj{ njf mnogr sdnridgafirs*

@ijirna sdnridgafirs' miivkj`

4*9 Vdi cgmxnj{ sdgyaf ijcgyrnì vdi sdnridgafirs vg xnrvkckxnvi kj vdi ìjirna sdnridgafirs' miivkj`* Vdi ìjirnasdnridgafirs' miivkj` sdgyaf bi ysif vg cgmmyjkcnvi pkvd sdnridgafirs* Vdgsi sdnridgafirs pdg nri jgv xrisijv

sdgyaf bi nbai vg ugvi kj nbsijvkn! sycd ns b{ xrgt{ ugvkj`*

@ykfiakji Vdi cgmxnj{ cgyaf! kj vdks risxicv! nasg vnli kjvg nccgyjv dgp jgj-riskfijv sdnridgafirs cnj itircksi

vdikr rk`dvs* @kuij vdi itksvkj` ernmipgrl! vdi cgmxnj{ sdgyaf cgjskfir pdivdir cgmmyjkcnvkgj vicd-

jgag`{ cgyaf geeir sgayvkgjs vg sgmi xrncvkcna kssyis njf pdivdir nj nxxrgxrknvi nxxrgncd cgyaf bi

fiuiagxif kj vdks risxicv*

@ykfiakji Vdi cgmxnj{ sdgyaf fkscyss pkvd ekjnjckna kjvirmifknrkis dgp vg kjcrinsi xnrvkckxnvkgj nv vdi ìjirna

sdnridgafirs' miivkj`*

@ykfiakji Vdi cgmxnj{ sdgyaf nsl kjsvkvyvkgjna sdnridgafirs njf vdikr ugvkj` nìjckis egr itxanjnvkgjs gj vdikr

ugvkj` bidnukgyr*

4*5 Vdi cgmxnj{ sdgyaf mnli vdi riaiunjv kjegrmnvkgj nccisskbai vdrgy`d kvs pibskvi kj nfunjci ge ìjirna sdnridgaf-irs' miivkj`*

4*0 Gj cgjuijkj` miivkj`s! vdi cgmxnj{ sdgyaf xrgukfi nxxrgxrknvi itxanjnvkgjs gj nìjfn kvims njf gj risgayvkgjsxyv egrpnrf b{ vdi bgnrf* Kj nffkvkgj vg vdi egrmnakvkis kmxgsif b{ vdi Cgfi gj Cgmxnjkis kj vdks risxicv! vdi cgm-

xnj{ sdgyaf ysi kvs pibskvi vg mnli xybakc naa riaiunjv kjegrmnvkgj njf fgcymijvnvkgj gj vdi itircksi ge vdi sdnri-

dgafirs' ugvkj` rk`dvs*

XRKJCKXAI 4* VDI CGMXNJ[ SDNAA IJVIR KJVG N FKNAG@YI PKVDSDNRIDGAFIRS NJF XGVIJVKNA SDNRIDGAFIRS BNSIF GJ N MYVYNA

YJFIRSVNJFKJ@ GE GBOICVKUIS NJF CGJCIRJS


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29XRKJCKXAI ; ' Bia`knj Cgfi gj cgrxgrnvi `guirjnjci

4*4 Vdi aiuia ge sdnridgafkj` egr vdi sybmksskgj ge xrgxgsnas b{ n sdnridgafir vg vdi ìjirna sdnridgafirs' miivkj`sdgyaf jgv itciif 9) ge vdi sdnri cnxkvna*

4*; Vdi cdnkrmnj cgjfycvs vdi ìjirna sdnridgafirs' miivkj` njf sdgyaf vnli vdi jicissnr{ minsyris vg ijsyri vdnv nj{riaiunjv ~yisvkgjs ergm sdnridgafirs nri njspirif* Nv vdi ìjirna sdnridgafirs' miivkj`! vdi fkricvgrs sdgyaf njspir

~yisvkgjs xyv vg vdim b{ vdi sdnridgafirs gj vdikr njjyna rixgrv gr gj vdi kvims gj vdi nìjfn*

@ykfiakji Yjfir vdi `ykfnjci ge vdi cdnkrmnj ge vdi bgnrf! fkricvgrs sdgyaf njspir sycd ~yisvkgjs! kjsgenr ns vdi

njspirs pgyaf jgv mnvirknaa{ xrioyfkci vdi cgmxnj{! kvs sdnridgafirs gr kvs imxag{iis*

4*>8 Vdi cgmxnj{ sdgyaf xgsv vdi risyavs ge ugvis njf vdi mkjyvis ge vdi ìjirna sdnridgafirs' miivkj` gj kvs pibskvins sggj ns xgsskbai nevir vdi miivkj`*

Cgmxnjkis pkvd gji gr mgri cgjvrgaakj` sdnridgafir$s+

4*>> Egr cgmxnjkis pkvd gji gr mgri cgjvrgaakj` sdnridgafir$s+! vdi bgnrf sdgyaf ijfinugyr vg dnui vdi cgjvrgaakj`sdnridgafir$s+ mnli n cgjskfirif ysi ge kvsvdikr xgskvkgj njf risxicv vdi rk`dvs njf kjvirisvs ge mkjgrkv{ sdnridgaf-

irs* Vdi bgnrf sdgyaf ijcgyrnì vdi cgjvrgaakj` sdnridgafir$s+ vg risxicv vdks Cgfi*

Sdnridgafirs

4*>2 @kuij vdi riaknjci gj mnrliv mgjkvgrkj` vg ijegrci vdi eaitkbai 'cgmxa{ gr itxankj' nxxrgncd ge vdks Cgfi! vdi bgnrfsdgyaf vnli vdi jicissnr{ minsyris vg ijcgyrnì sdnridgafirs! njf kj xnrvkcyanr kjsvkvyvkgjna sdnridgafirs! vg xan{

nj kmxgrvnjv rgai kj cnrieyaa{ iunaynvkj` n cgmxnj{'s cgrxgrnvi `guirjnjci* Vdi bgnrf sdgyaf ijfinugyr vg ijsyri

vdnv kjsvkvyvkgjna njf gvdir sdnridgafirs pik`d yx naa riaiunjv encvgrs frnpj vg vdikr nvvijvkgj*

4*>3 Vdi bgnrf sdgyaf ijfinugyr vg ijsyri vdnv sdnridgafirs cnrieyaa{ cgjskfir vdi itxanjnvkgjs kuij egr fiuknvkj` ergmvdks Cgfi njf ijcgyrnì vdim vg mnli rinsgjif oyfìmijvs kj incd cnsi* Vdi bgnrf sdgyaf ij`nì kj n fknag`yi

pkvd sdnridgafirs ke vdgsi sdnridgafirs fg jgv nccixv vdi cgmxnj{'s xgskvkgj! binrkj` kj mkjf kj xnrvkcyanr vdi cgm-

xnj{'s skzi njf cgmxaitkv{ njf vdi jnvyri ge vdi rksls njf cdnaaijìs kv encis*


26/42


;*> Vdi cgmxnj{ sdgyaf isvnbaksd n C@ Cdnrvir fiscrkbkj` naa vdi mnkj nsxicvs ge kvs cgrxgrnvi guirjnjci xgakc{! kjcayf-kj` nv ainsv vdi iaimijvs aksvif kj vdi xrgukskgjs ge Nxxijfkt E! ;*>*>*

;*2 Vdi C@ Cdnrvir sdgyaf bi yxfnvif ns gevij ns jiifif vg rieaicv vdi cgmxnj{'s cgrxgrnvi `guirjnjci nv nj{ vkmi* Kvsdgyaf bi mnfi nunkanbai gj vdi cgmxnj{'s pibskvi njf sdgyaf sxicke{ vdi fnvi ge vdi mgsv ricijv yxfnvi*

;*3 Vdi cgmxnj{ sdgyaf isvnbaksd n C@ Svnvimijv kj kvs njjyna rixgrv fiscrkbkj` naa riaiunjv cgrxgrnvi guirjnjci iuijvsvdnv dnui vnlij xanci fyrkj` vdi {inr yjfir riukip* Vdks C@ Svnvimijv sdgyaf bi kjcayfif kj n sxickekc sicvkgj ge vdi

njjyna rixgrv njf sdgyaf cgjvnkj nv ainsv vdi kjegrmnvkgj aksvif kj Nxxijfkt E! ;*3*>-2*

;*6 Vdi cgmxnj{ sdgyaf svnvi bgvd kj kvs C@ Svnvimijv njf kvs C@ Cdnrvir vdnv kv dns nfgxvif vdks Cgfi ns kvs rieirijcicgfi* Ke vdi cgmxnj{ dns jgv cgmxakif eyaa{ pkvd gji gr mgri xrgukskgjs ge vdks Cgfi! kv sdgyaf itxankj kvs rinsgjs egr

jgv dnukj` fgji sg kj vdi C@ Svnvimijv $'cgmxa{ gr itxankj'+*

XRKJCKXAI ;* VDI CGMXNJ[ SDNAA IJSYRI NFI^YNVI FKSCAGSYRI GE KVSCGRXGRNVI @GUIRJNJCI


27/42

20NXXIJFKT N ' Bia`knj Cgfi gj cgrxgrnvi `guirjnjci

Nxxijfkt N* Crkvirkn ge kjfixijfijci

2*6*> Naa kjfixijfijv fkricvgrs nxxgkjvif kj nxxakcnvkgj ge vdi Cgfi gj Cgmxnjkis sdnaa ris-

xicv vdi egaagpkj` crkvirkn $nrvkcai 925vir CgC+?

>+ Jgv bikj` nj iticyvkui mimbir ge vdi bgnrf! gr itirckskj` n eyjcvkgj ns n mimbir ge vdi ai`na mnjnìmijv cgm-

mkvvii gr ns n xirsgj ijvrysvif pkvd fnka{ mnjnìmijv ge vdi cgmxnj{ gr n rianvif cgmxnj{ gr xirsgj $ns fiekjif

kj nrvkcai >> CgC+! njf jgv dnukj` biij kj sycd n xgskvkgj egr vdi xriukgys ekui {inrs biegri dks jgmkjnvkgj*

2+ Jgv dnukj` siruif egr mgri vdnj vdrii virms ns n jgj-iticyvkui fkricvgr ge vdi bgnrf! pkvdgyv itciifkj` n vgvna

virm ge mgri vdnj vpiaui {inrs*

3+ Jgv bikj` nj imxag{ii ge vdi sijkgr mnjnìmijv $ns fiekjif kj nrvkcai >;!2 ge vdi anp ge 28 Sixvimbir >;64

ri`nrfkj` vdi gr`njksnvkgj ge vdi byskjiss kjfysvr{+! ge vdi cgmxnj{ gr nj rianvif cgmxnj{ gr xirsgj $ns

fiekjif kj nrvkcai >> CgC+ njf jgv dnukj` biij kj sycd n xgskvkgj egr vdi xriukgys vdrii {inrs biegri dks jgmk-

jnvkgj> CgC+ nxnrv ergm nj{ bgjys

gr eii di ricikuis gr dns ricikuif ns n jgj-iticyvkui mimbir ge vdi bgnrf;!2 ge vdi anp ge 28 Sixvimbir >;64

ri`nrfkj` vdi gr`njksnvkgj ge vdi byskjiss kjfysvr{+ ge n cgmxnj{ gr xirsgj pdg mnkjvnkjs sycd n rianvkgjsdkx> CgC+;!2 ge vdi anp ge 28 Sixvimbir >;64 ri`nrfkj` vdi gr`njksnvkgj ge vdi byskjiss

kjfysvr{+ kj vdi cgmxnj{ gr n rianvif cgmxnj{ gr xirsgj $ns fiekjif kj nrvkcai >> CgC+ gr ge vdi xirsgjs rieirrif

vg kj $>+ vg $4+ nbgui*

2*6*2 Jgvpkvdsvnjfkj` xrgukskgj 2*6*>*! kjfixijfijv fkricvgrs nxxgkjvif nccgrfkj` vg nrv* 926!

6 CgC biegri vdi ijvr{ kjvg egrci ge nrvkcai 925vir CgC $4 Onjynr{ 288;+! sdnaa rimnkj

kjfixijfijv yjvka rinxxgkjvif gr nv vdi anvisv yjvka > Oya{ 28>>*

2*6*3 Naa gvdir kjfixijfijv fkricvgrs pkvdkj vdi minjkj` ge vdks Cgfi sdgyaf risxicv vdi crkvi

rkn siv gyv nbgui kj xrgukskgj 2*6*>*

24 NXXIJFKT N ' Bia`knj Cgfi gj cgrxgrnvi `guirjnjci


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2;NXXIJFKT B ' Bia`knj Cgfi gj cgrxgrnvi `guirjnjci

Nxxijfkt B* Vrnjsncvkgjs kj cgmxnj{ svgcl njf cgmxaknjci pkvdvdi Bia`knj ryais gj mnrliv nbysi*

3*0*> Vdi bgnrf sdgyaf frnp yx n siv ge ryais $vdi "finakj` cgfi"+ ri`yanvkj` vrnjsncvkgjs njf vdi fkscagsyri ge sycd

vrnjsncvkgjs kj sdnris ge vdi cgmxnj{ gr kj firkunvkuis gr gvdir ekjnjckna kjsvrymijvs akjlif vg vdim $vdi "cgmxn-

j{ svgcl"+ cnrrkif gyv egr vdikr gpj nccgyjv b{ fkricvgrs njf gvdir xirsgjs fkscdnr`kj` mnjnìrkna risxgjskbkak-

vkis* Vdi finakj` cgfi sdgyaf sxicke{ pdkcd kjegrmnvkgj ri`nrfkj` vdgsi vrnjsncvkgjs sdgyaf bi fkscagsif vg vdi

mnrliv*

@ykfiakji Vdi finakj` cgfi sdgyaf siv akmkvnvkgjs gj vdi cnrr{kj` gyv ge vrnjsncvkgjs kj vdi cgmxnj{ svgcl egr n

fisk`jnvif xirkgf xricifkj` vdi njjgyjcimijv ge kvs ekjnjckna risyavs $n "cagsif xirkgf"+ gr kj nj{

gvdir xirkgf cgjskfirif sijskvkui $n "xrgdkbkvif xirkgf"+*

@ykfiakji Vdi bgnrf sdgyaf ijsyri vdnv n cgmxaknjci geekcir ks nxxgkjvif pdg pkaa dnui vdi fyvkis njf risxgjsk-

bkakvkis nssk`jif b{ vdi finakj` cgfi* Vdi cgmxaknjci geekcir sdgyaf nv ainsv mgjkvgr vdi fkricvgrs' njf

gvdir xirsgjs' fkscdnr`kj` mnjnìrkna risxgjskbkakvkis cgmxaknjci pkvd vdi finakj` cgfi*

@ykfiakji Vdi finakj` cgfi sdgyaf xrgukfi vdnv biegri nj{ vrnjsncvkgj kj vdi cgmxnj{ svgcl! n fkricvgr gr njgvd-

ir xirsgj fkscdnr`kj` mnjnìrkna risxgjskbkakvkis sdgyaf nv ainsv kjegrm vdi cgmxaknjci geekcir nbgyv

vdi vrnjsncvkgj di kjvijfs vg cnrr{ gyv*

@ykfiakji Ke n fkricvgr gr vdi gvdir xirsgj fkscdnr`kj` mnjnìrkna risxgjskbkakvkis cnrrkis gyv n vrnjsncvkgj kj cgm-

xnj{ svgcl njf vdi cgmxaknjci geekcir dns biij kjegrmif! vdi vrnjsncvkgj sdgyaf bi mnfi xybakc

nccgrfkj` vg vdi finakj` cgfi*

3*0*2 Vdi bgnrf sdgyaf nasg fisk`jnvi vdi gvdir xirsgjs vg pdgm vdisi ryais sdnaa nxxa{*


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38 NXXIJFKT C ' Bia`knj Cgfi gj cgrxgrnvi `guirjnjci

Nxxijfkt C* Nyfkv cgmmkvvii

9*2*> Vdi bgnrf sdnaa siv yx nj nyfkv cgmmkvvii cgmxgsif itcayskuia{ ge jgj-iticyvkui fkricvgrs* $cer* nrv*925bks! >-

2 CgC+

9*2*2 Vdgsi cgmxnjkis pdg miiv vdi ri~ykrimijvs ge nrvkcai 925bks! 3 CgC mn{ xirmkv vdi eyjcvkgjs nssk`jif vg

vdi nyfkv cgmmkvvii vg bi xiregrmif b{ vdi bgnrf ns n pdgai! xrgukfif vdnv ke vdi cdnkrmnj ge vdi bgnrf ks nj

iticyvkui mimbir di sdnaa jgv cdnkr vdi bgnrf gxirnvkj` ns nyfkv cgmmkvvii* $nrv* 925bks! 3 CgC+

9*2*3 Pkvdgyv xrioyfkci vg 9*2*2! vdi cdnkrmnj ge vdi bgnrf sdgyaf jgv cdnkr vdi nyfkv cgmmkvvii*

9*2*6 Nv ainsv n mnogrkv{ ge vdi nyfkv cgmmkvvii's mimbirs sdgyaf bi kjfixijfijv* Nv ainsv gji ge vdim sdnaa dnui

nccgyjvkj` njf nyfkvkj` itxirvksi*

9*2*9 Vdi bgnrf sdgyaf snvkse{ kvsiae vdnv vdi nyfkv cgmmkvvii dns syeekckijv riaiunjv itxirvksi! jgvnba{ kj nccgyjvkj`!

nyfkvkj` njf ekjnjci! vg eyaeka kvs rgai ieeicvkuia{*

9*2*5 Pkvdgyv xrioyfkci vg vdi ai`na risxgjskbkakvkis ge vdi bgnrf! vdi nyfkv cgmmkvvii sdnaa dnui nv ainsv vdi egaagp-

kj` rgais?

- mgjkvgrkj` vdi ekjnjckna rixgrvkj` xrgciss2 Iticyvkui mnjnìmijv sdgyaf kjegrm vdi nyfkv cgmmkvvii ge vdi mivdgfs ysif vg nccgyjv egr sk`jkekcnjv njf

yjysyna vrnjsncvkgjs pdiri vdi nccgyjvkj` vrinvmijv mn{ bi gxij vg fkeeirijv nxxrgncdis* Kj vdks risxicv! xnr-

vkcyanr nvvijvkgj sdgyaf bi xnkf vg bgvd vdi itksvijci ge! njf vdi oysvkekcnvkgj egr! nj{ ncvkukv{ cnrrkif gyv b{ vdi

cgmxnj{ kj geesdgri cijvris njfgr vdrgy`d sxickna xyrxgsi uidkcais*

9*2*>3 Vdi nyfkv cgmmkvvii sdgyaf fkscyss sk`jkekcnjv ekjnjckna rixgrvkj` kssyis pkvd bgvd vdi iticyvkui mnjnìmijv

njf vdi itvirjna nyfkvgr*

Kjvirjna cgjvrga njf rksl mnjnìmijv s{svims

9*2*>6 Vdi mgjkvgrkj` ge vdi ieeicvkuijiss ge vdi cgmxnj{'s kjvirjna cgjvrga njf rksl mnjnìmijv s{svims siv yx b{

vdi iticyvkui mnjnìmijv sdgyaf bi fgji nv ainsv gjci n {inr! pkvd n ukip vg ijsyrkj` vdnv vdi mnkj rksls

$kjcayfkj` vdgsi rianvkj` vg ernyf njf cgmxaknjci pkvd itksvkj` ai`ksanvkgj njf ri`yanvkgjs+ nri xrgxira{ kfijvk-

ekif! mnjnìf njf fkscagsif nccgrfkj` vg vdi ernmipgrl nxxrguif b{ vdi bgnrf*

9*2*>9 Vdi nyfkv cgmmkvvii sdgyaf riukip vdi svnvimijvs kjcayfif kj vdi C@ Svnvimijv gj kjvirjna cgjvrga njf rksl

mnjnìmijv*

9*2*>5 Vdi nyfkv cgmmkvvii sdgyaf riukip vdi sxickekc nrrnjìmijvs kj xanci pdkcd vdi svnee ge vdi cgmxnj{ mn{ ysi!

kj cgjekfijci! vg rnksi cgjcirjs nbgyv xgsskbai kmxrgxrkivkis kj ekjnjckna rixgrvkj` gr gvdir mnvvirs* Ke fiimif

jicissnr{! nrrnjìmijvs sdgyaf bi mnfi egr xrgxgrvkgjnvi njf kjfixijfijv kjuisvk`nvkgj ge sycd mnvvirs! egr

nxxrgxrknvi egaagp-yx ncvkgj njf nrrnjìmijvs pdirib{ svnee cnj kjegrm vdi cdnkrmnj ge vdi nyfkv cgmmkvvii

fkricva{*

Kjvirjna nyfkv

9*2*>0 Nj kjfixijfijv kjvirjna nyfkv eyjcvkgj sdgyaf bi isvnbaksdif! pkvd risgyrcis njf slkaas nfnxvif vg vdi cgm-

xnj{'s jnvyri! skzi njf cgmxaitkv{* Ke vdi cgmxnj{ fgis jgv dnui nj kjvirjna nyfkv eyjcvkgj! vdi jiif egr gji

sdgyaf bi riukipif nv ainsv njjynaa{*

9*2*>4 Vdi nyfkv cgmmkvvii sdgyaf riukip vdi kjvirjna nyfkvgr's pgrl xrg`rnmmi! dnukj` ri`nrf vg vdi cgmxaimij-

vnr{ rgais ge vdi kjvirjna njf itvirjna nyfkv eyjcvkgjs* Kv sdgyaf ricikui kjvirjna nyfkv rixgrvs gr n xirkgfkc sym-

mnr{ vdirige*

9*2*>; Kj xnrvkcyanr! vdi nyfkv cgmmkvvii sdgyaf mnli ricgmmijfnvkgjs gj vdi siaicvkgj! nxxgkjvmijv! rinxxgkjv-

mijv njf rimguna ge vdi dinf ge kjvirjna nyfkv njf gj vdi byfìv naagcnvif vg kjvirjna nyfkv! njf sdgyaf mgj-

kvgr mnjnìmijv's risxgjskuijiss vg vdi nyfkv cgmmkvvii's ekjfkj`s njf ricgmmijfnvkgjs*


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Itvirjna nyfkv

9*2*28 Vdi nyfkv cgmmkvvii sdgyaf mnli n xrgxgsna vg vdi bgnrf gj vdi siaicvkgj! nxxgkjvmijv njf rinxxgkjvmijv

ge vdi itvirjna nyfkvgr! ns piaa ns gj vdi virms ge dks ij`nìmijv* Vdi bgnrf sdgyaf sybmkv n xrgxgsna vg

vdi sdnridgafirs egr nxxrguna*

9*2*2> Vdi nyfkv cgmmkvvii's xrgxgsna gj vdi nxxgkjvmijv ge vdi itvirjna nyfkvgr sdnaa bi kjcayfif gj vdi nìjfn

ge vdi ìjirna sdnridgafirs' miivkj`* Vdi snmi nxxakis egr vdi rijipna ge vdks nxxgkjvmijv* $nrv* >38 CgC!

nrv* 933 CgC+

9*2*22 Vdi itvirjna nyfkvgr sdnaa?

- njjynaa{ cgjekrm! kj prkvkj`! vg vdi nyfkv cgmmkvvii! kvs kjfixijfijci ergm vdi cgmxnj{ Vdi bgnrf sdgyaf siv yx n rimyjirnvkgj cgmmkvvii cgmxgsif itcayskuia{ ge jgj-iticyvkui fkricvgrs* Nv ainsv n

mnogrkv{ ge kvs mimbirs sdgyaf bi kjfixijfijv* Vdi cdnkrmnj gr njgvdir jgj-iticyvkui fkricvgr sdgyaf cdnkr vdi

cgmmkvvii*

9*6*2 Vdi rimyjirnvkgj cgmmkvvii sdgyaf mnli xrgxgsnas vg vdi bgnrf gj vdi rimyjirnvkgj xgakc{ egr jgj-iticyvkui

fkricvgrs njf iticyvkui mnjnìrs! ns piaa ns! pdiri nxxrgxrknvi! gj vdi risyavkj` xrgxgsnas vg bi sybmkvvif b{ vdi

bgnrf vg vdi sdnridgafirs*

9*6*3 Vdi rimyjirnvkgj cgmmkvvii sdgyaf mnli xrgxgsnas vg vdi bgnrf ri`nrfkj` vdi rimyjirnvkgj ge fkricvgrs njf iti-

cyvkui mnjnìrs! kjcayfkj` unrknbai rimyjirnvkgj njf agj`-virm kjcijvkuis! pdivdir gr jgv svgcl-rianvif! kj vdi egrm

ge svgcl gxvkgjs gr gvdir ekjnjckna kjsvrymijvs! njf ri`nrfkj` vdi nrrnjìmijvs gj inra{ virmkjnvkgj! njf pdiri

nxxakcnbai! gj vdi risyavkj` xrgxgsnas vg bi sybmkvvif b{ vdi bgnrf vg vdi sdnridgafirs*

9*6*6 Vdi rimyjirnvkgj cgmmkvvii sdgyaf sybmkv n rimyjirnvkgj rixgrv vg vdi bgnrf*

9*6*9 Vdi rimyjirnvkgj cgmmkvvii sdgyaf miiv nv ainsv vpkci n {inr njf pdijiuir kv fiims kv jicissnr{ kj grfir vg cnrr{

gyv kvs fyvkis*

9*6*5 Vdi rimyjirnvkgj cgmmkvvii sdgyaf rixgrv ri`yanra{ vg vdi bgnrf gj vdi itircksi ge kvs fyvkis*

9*6*0 Vdi CIG sdgyaf xnrvkckxnvi vg vdi miivkj`s ge vdi rimyjirnvkgj cgmmkvvii pdiri vdi cgmmkvvii finas pkvd vdi

rimyjirnvkgj ge gvdir iticyvkui mnjnìrs*

9*6*4 Vdi rimyjirnvkgj cgmmkvvii sdgyaf ri`yanra{ $nv ainsv iuir{ vpg vg vdrii {inrs+ riukip kvs virms ge rieirijci njf kvs

gpj ieeicvkuijiss njf ricgmmijf nj{ jicissnr{ cdnjìs vg vdi bgnrf*


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35 NXXIJFKT E ' Bia`knj Cgfi gj cgrxgrnvi `guirjnjci

Nxxijfkt E* Fkscagsyri ri~ykrimijvs

\Jymbirs bivpiij brnclivs nri rieirijcis vg vdi xrgukskgjs ge vdi Cgfi*]

Vdi C@ Cdnrvir

;*>*'> Vdi C@ Cdnrvir sdgyaf nv ainsv kjcayfi?

- n fiscrkxvkgj ge vdi `guirjnjci svrycvyri ge vdi cgmxnj{! pkvd vdi virms ge rieirijci ge vdi bgnrf \Xrkjckxai >!

>*>! 2*;] Vdi C@ Svnvimijv ge vdi njjyna rixgrv sdgyaf nv ainsv kjcayfi vdi kjegrmnvkgj siv gyv biagp?

- n svnvimijv vdnv vdi cgmxnj{ nfgxvs vdks Cgfi ns kvs rieirijci cgfi \;*6]] \9*2] \9*3] \9*6]3]*

;*3*'2* Vdi C@ Svnvimijv sdgyaf nasg kjcayfi n rimyjirnvkgj rixgrv pdkcd cgjvnkjs nv ainsv vdi kjegrmnvkgj siv gyv

biagp \0*2]?

- n fiscrkxvkgj ge vdi xrgcifyri nfgxvif egr vdi nxxakcnbai ekjnjckna rixgrvif {inr egr $k+ fiuiagxkj` n rimyjirn-

vkgj xgakc{ egr jgj-iticyvkui fkricvgrs njf iticyvkui mnjn`irs njf $kk+ sivvkj` vdi aiuia ge rimyjirnvkgj egr jgj-

iticyvkui fkricvgrs njf iticyvkui mnjn`irs \0*3]2]4 mgjvds'! n sxickek-

cnvkgj ge pdij sycd dk`dir siuirnjci xn{ cgyaf bi xnkf njf oysvkekcnvkgj ge vdks dk`dir siuirnjci xn{! gj nj kjfk-

ukfyna bnsks \0*>4]*


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3;Bia`knj Cgfi gj cgrxgrnvi `guirjnjci

Vdi Cgmmkvvii ks cgmxgsif ge

Xriskfijv

Dirmnj Fnims

g Cdnkrmnj! @kmu

g Cdnkrmnj! Egrvks Bnjl

g Cdnkrmnj! Bnrcg

Mimbirs

Mnrcg Bicdv

g Iticyvkui Fkricvgr! Iyrgxinj Cgrxgrnvi @guirjnjciKjsvkvyvi

g Xrgeissgr ge Ekjnjci njf Icgjgmkcs! Icnris! Yjkuirskv

Akbri fi Brytiaais

Xkirri-Gakukir Biclirs

g Mnjn`kj` Fkricvgr! Cdnkrmnj ge vdi Iticyvkui Cgmmkvvii!

Fiadnkzi @rgyx

g Cdnkrmnj! Kjvirjnvkgjna Eggf Rivnkairs Nssgcknvkgj

g Cdnkrmnj! Bia`knj Kjvireifirna Ga{mxkc Cgmmkvvii

Fkfkir Biaaijs

g Mnjn`kj` Fkricvgr % Cdkie Iticyvkui Geekcir! Bia`ncgm

Xkirri X* Birìr

g Xriskfijv! Kjsvkvyvi ge Ri`ksvirif Nyfkvgrs

Lnria Bggji

g Dgjgrnr{ Cdnkrmnj! Eifirnvkgj ge Ijvirxrksis kj Bia`kym

g Cdnkrmnj! Agvys Bnlirkis

g Cdnkrmnj! YCB

Bryjg Cgamnjv

g Cdnkrmnj njf Cdkie Iticyvkui Geekcir! Iyrgjitv Bryssias

g Ukskvkj` Xrgeissgr nv YCA njf Uairkcl Mnjnìmijv Scdgga

Tnukir Fkiytg Anp{ir njf Xrgeissgr nv YAB

Lgij @iijs

g Anp{ir njf Xrgeissgr nv LYA

Xdkakxxi Anmbricdv

g Fkricvgr! Sicrivnr{-@ijirna! Eifirnvkgj ge Ijvirxrksis kj

Bia`kym

g Xrgeissgr nv YCA

g Sicrivnr{ ge vdi Cgmmkvvii

Vdgmns Ai{sij

g Cdnkrmnj! Eifirnvkgj ge Ijvirxrksis kj Bia`kym

g Cdnkrmnj! Ymkcgrig Cdnkrmnj! Cgriakg

Ntia Mkaair

g Xnrvjir-fkricvgr! Xivircnm

g Cdnkrmnj! Cnrmiysi

Nags Mkcdkiasij

g Cdnkrmnj! Sgaun{

Oinj-Xnya Sirunks

g Cdnkrmnj ge vdi Mnjnìmijv Cgmmkvvii! Bnjlkj`!

Ekjnjci njf Kjsyrnjci Cgmmksskgj

g Cdnkrmnj ge vdi Dk`d Cgyjcka egr vdi Icgjgmkc Xrg eisskgjs

Rgbirv Vgaaiv

g Cdnkrmnj ge vdi Cijvrna Icgjgmkc Cgyjcka

Imkia Unj Brgildguij

g Xrgeissgr imirkvys! Yjkuirskv{ ge Njvpirx

g Fkricvgr! Eaimksd Eifirnvkgj ge Kjuisvmijv Caybs njf

Kjuisvgrs

Dy`g Unjfnmmi

g Cdnkrmnj ge vdi Aksvif Cgmxnjkis' Nssgcknvkgj

g Cdnkrmnj! Rgyanrvn Mifkn @rgyx njf Naencnm

g Ukci Cdnkrmnj! Xkcnjga

Ayv`nrv Unj fij Bir`di

g Iticyvkui Fkricvgr! @YBIRJN

g Itvrngrfkjnr{ Xrgeissgr ge Cgrxgrnvi @guirjnjci nv

vdi Yjkuirskv{ ge @dijv njf Uairkcl Aiyuij @dijv

Mnjnìmijv Scdgga

g Fkricvgr! Bia`ncgm

Ayc Unjsviijlksvi

g Dgjgrnr{ Cdnkrmnj! Eifirnvkgj ge Ijvirxrksis kj Bia`kym

g Mnjn`kj` Fkricvgr! Ricvkcia

g Cdnkrmnj! Sxicvgr Xdgvg @rgyx

CGMXGSKVKGJ GE VDI CGRXGRNVI @GUIRJNJCICGMMKVVII


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g Xdkakxxi Anmbricdv! Cdnkrmnj

g Cdrksvkji Fnrukaai! Dinf ge Ai`na Fixnrvmijv! Eifirnvkgj ge Ijvrixrksis kj Bia`kym

g Njji-Sgxdki Xkocli! Dinf ge Ai`na njf Ri`yanvkgj Neenkrs! Iyrgjitv Bryssias

g Nsvrkf Rybijs! Risinrcd Nssgcknvi! @YBIRJN

g Fnukf Sznernj! Sicrivnr{-@ijirna! Kjsvkvyvi ge Ri`ksvirif Nyfkvgrs

g Ayv`nrv Unj fij Bir`di! Iticyvkui fkricvgr! @YBIRJN

Vdkirr{ Adgisv! Fixyv{ Fkricvgr! CBEN nvvijfs vdi miivkj`s ge vdi XP@*

Vdi Cgmmkvvii nasg itxrissis kvs `rnvkvyfi vg vdi egaagpkj` xirsgjs egr vdikrcgjvrkbyvkgj vg vdi pgrl ge vdi Xirmnjijv Pgrlkj` @rgyx?

g Sgjon FDgaanjfir! Nfuksir! CBEN

g Jnvdnaki Dgy{gyt! Nfoyjcv-Nfuksir! Kjsvkvyvi ge Ri`ksvirif Nyfkvgrs

g Eaiyr Agj`ekas! Nfoyjcv-Nfuksir! Eifirnvkgj ge Ijvrixrksis kj Bia`kym

g Ksnbia Agxiz Mnrvkjiz! Ai`na Cgyjsia! Iyrgjitv Bryssias

Vdi Cgmmkvvii ks nssksvif b{ n Xirmnjijv Pgrlkj` @rgyx! cgmxgsif ge?


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ppp*cgrxgrnvi`guirjnjcicgmmkvvii*bi

288; Ifkvkgj

Fisk`j njf xrgfycvkgj

ppp*anjfmnrls*bi

Xrkjvkj`

Kfijvkc

Ifkvgr risxgjskbai nv anp

Xdkakxxi Anmbricdv

Ryi fis Sgas 4

B - >888 Bryssias

Ai`na fixgskv

F8>68288;8>

The Belgian Code 2009 on Corporate Governance

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Transcript of The Belgian Code 2009 on Corporate Governance