The Beginning of US History
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Transcript of The Beginning of US History
The Beginning of US History
11th Grade US History begins with the first government following the adoption of the US Constitution. This is a brief review of events that came before this time period.
Before George Washington
• America was known as the 13 Colonies and was part of BRITAIN
• After the French and Indian War (1754-1763) the British began to ENFORCE taxes on the colonists.
• The Colonists felt less and less British and more “American”, they began to plan for a Revolution.
THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION
• Fought between the British and the Colonists
• George Washington led the American Army
• Thomas Jefferson wrote the Declaration of Independence
• The Colonists won and the United States of America was established.
The Articles of Confederation
• Our first plan for government was the AOC. These were very weak
• Problems:– Weak Federal Government– Like 13 independent countries rather than one united nation.– Strong State government, each state printed their own money.– No national judicial system or President– Federal government had no power to tax or raise an army.SHAYS REBELLION—demonstrated the need for a stronger
national government. Plans were made for a Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia.
Constitutional Convention
• Delegates from every state, except Rhode Island. Decided to throw out the AOC and start over.
• Made our current Constitution• Constitution showed many divisions in
the nation:– Strong federal gov’t vs. strong state gov’t– Northern issues vs. Southern issues– Big states vs. small states
George Washington
• Our 1st President• Set many Precedents—actions that he does that
eventually become tradition:– Created a Cabinet to help advise him on issues.– Chose not to run for a third term. From 1787-1940 no President
attempted to run for a third term. Franklin Roosevelt broke this in 1940.
• Made two important warnings in his Farewell Address:– Warned the nation not to get involved in Political Parties (this
began right after him with Adams and Jefferson)– Warned the US to stay out of foreign affairs with European
nations.
2nd President: John Adams
• FEDERALIST
• DEFEATED JEFFERSON WHO BECAME HIS VP—THEY DID NOT GET ALONG
• XYZ AFFAIR—with France
• Passing of the ALIEN and SEDITION ACTS
• Served only one term
The New Political PartiesFEDERALISTS ANTIFEDERALISTS
Strong Federal Government Weak Federal government and strong national government
Led by Alexander Hamilton and John Adams
Led by Jefferson
Supported the Bank of the US Opposed the Bank of US
Loose Interpretation of the Constitution
Strict Interpretation of the Constitution
Political Party: FEDERALIST
Political Party:
DEMOCRAT-REPUBLICANS
3rd President: Thomas Jefferson
• Strict interpretation of the Constitution but took liberties with the Louisiana Purchase.
• Sent Lewis and Clark to explore the new territory
• Served 2 terms
Manifest Destiny• MANIFEST DESTINY This is the
idea that as Americans we had the God given destiny to expand our territory from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean. This led to Americans traveling across the country to find settle in new territories and conflicts with nations and Native Americans who controlled the land we wanted.
• Ways of Expansion:• Louisianna Purchase• Mexican-American War• California Gold Rush• Gasden Purchase