The Battle to Rebuild 2/3’s of the South was destroyed from the war agricultural systems,...
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Transcript of The Battle to Rebuild 2/3’s of the South was destroyed from the war agricultural systems,...
The Battle to Rebuild The Battle to Rebuild
2/3’s of the South was destroyed from the war
agricultural systems, railroads, bridges, housing and the economy were ruined
People in the South were unemployed, homeless and hungry
Reconstruction Reconstruction ProblemsProblems
How should the Southern states become part of the Union again?
If you were President, what would you do to get the United States back together?
Before dying, Lincoln Before dying, Lincoln had a plan for had a plan for ReconstructionReconstruction
He wanted to reconcile with the South. He did not want to punish them.
He felt harsh He felt harsh
treatment would be treatment would be counterproductivecounterproductive
Pocket VetoPocket Veto
Congress passed the Wade Davis Bill but Lincoln stopped it with a pocket veto
He refused to sign it and the Congress’s session expired so the bill “died”
Why would Lincoln do this?
Lincoln’s PlanLincoln’s Plan
Any southerner that took an oath of loyalty to the Union would be pardoned
When 10% of voters took the oath, the state could organize a new state government.
The Radical Republicans opposed Lincoln’s The Radical Republicans opposed Lincoln’s planplan
The Radical Republican The Radical Republican PlanPlan
Do NOT allow Confederate leaders to regain power
Give African Americans federal help and the right to vote
Allow the Republican Party to take control of the south
Moderate RepublicansModerate Republicans
Believed Lincoln was too lenient and the Radicals were too harsh!!!!
Solution! Solution! The Wade Davis BillThe Wade Davis Bill
Majority of white men in Confederacy take an oath of loyalty to the Union
State governments would be created
The state governments would: abolish slavery and refuse former Confederate leaders and military officers the right to vote or hold office
Johnson’s PlanJohnson’s Plan
Offered pardons to all former Confederates who pledged loyalty to the Union- excluding former officers and officials
Confederate states had to rewrite state constitutions, revoke secession & ratify the 13th amendment
Problem: many southerners elected former Confederate leaders to represent them in Congress
Republicans are angryRepublicans are angry
Republicans rejected new southern members to Congress
Southern legislatures passed black codes that limited the rights of African Americans in the South
This also angered Republicans
Radical Republicans Radical Republicans take control take control
Passed the Civil Rights Act of 1866
Granting citizenship to all person’s born in the U.S. except Native Americans
Republicans call for Republicans call for new lawsnew laws
The South erupts in violence between whites and blacks
14th amendment: granted citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the US and declared that no state could deprive a person of life liberty or property without due process of law
States also had to give equal protection of the laws
Election of 1866Election of 1866
Congressional seats tilt in favor of the Republicans
The Military Reconstruction Act is passed
The South is split into 5 military districts, a Union general is placed in charge of each district
Stop Johnson from Stop Johnson from interferinginterfering
How?
Pass the Tenure of Office Act: required Senate approval to fire anyone whose appointment had required Senate consent
This is unconstitutional!
Johnson’s Johnson’s ImpeachmentImpeachment
Johnson fires Sec. of War Stanton without approval from Congress
This violates the Tenure of Office Act
He was charged with “high crimes and misdemeanors” in office
The Senate tried him and voted
The outcome: NOT GUILTY- Johnson was 1 vote short of being convicted and removed from office
Election of 1868Election of 1868
General Ulysses S. Grant is nominated to run for the Presidency by the Republicans
He wins
The Republican congress passed the 15th amendment granting African American men the right to vote