“The B Vitamins”
description
Transcript of “The B Vitamins”
![Page 1: “The B Vitamins”](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56815150550346895dbf7465/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
“The B Vitamins”
Why plural? There are eight.
![Page 2: “The B Vitamins”](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56815150550346895dbf7465/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
What do they do?
• Each B vitamin activates a different enzyme, so they have lots of different jobs.
![Page 3: “The B Vitamins”](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56815150550346895dbf7465/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
• Bs do not supply us with energy.
• “They do help us metabolize carbs, lipids, and amino acids.”
• So even though they don’t directly contain energy, they help us get it.
• The B vitamins help us use the energy in food.
![Page 4: “The B Vitamins”](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56815150550346895dbf7465/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
“B Deficiencies”
• “Lack of energy”
• “nausea”
• “irritability/depression”
• “loss of appetite/weight”
• “loss of limb control”
• ….and about a hundred others!
![Page 5: “The B Vitamins”](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56815150550346895dbf7465/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
• In children, full recovery may be impossible.
• In the case of a thiamin deficiency in childhood, permanent brain damage can result.
![Page 6: “The B Vitamins”](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56815150550346895dbf7465/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
“Individual B Vitamins”
• Thiamin• Riboflavin• Niacin• Folate
• B6 and B12
• Biotin• Pantothenic acid
• Tender• Romance• Never• Fails• With 6 or 12• Beautiful• Pearls.
![Page 7: “The B Vitamins”](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56815150550346895dbf7465/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
“Thiamin”• “found on nerve cell membranes”
• “So muscles depend on it greatly”
• Deficiency: beriberi spread in Asia when rice was cleaned of outer husk
![Page 8: “The B Vitamins”](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56815150550346895dbf7465/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
• “alcohol impairs absorption”
• When alcohol abuse causes thiamin deficiency, symptoms are similar to the abuse:
• Apathy, irritability, mental confusion, staggering walk
• Found in many nutritious foods
• Keep empty calories to a minimum, you’ll be okay.
![Page 9: “The B Vitamins”](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56815150550346895dbf7465/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
“Riboflavin”
• “in enriched breads, cereals, pasta, dairy, veggies, meats”
• So again, deficiency is rare in the U.S.
• “symptoms: cracks at corners of mouth, hypersensitivity to light”
![Page 10: “The B Vitamins”](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56815150550346895dbf7465/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
“Niacin”
• Deficiency: pellagra• Killed hundreds of thousands in the
South and Midwest in the 1900s• “pellagra: 4 D’s: diarrhea, dermatitis,
dementia, death”• Still occurs in people living in urban
slums, particularly with alcohol addiction
![Page 11: “The B Vitamins”](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56815150550346895dbf7465/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
• When sufferers are exposed to light, skin darkens and flakes away, as seen here.
![Page 12: “The B Vitamins”](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56815150550346895dbf7465/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Toxicity
• niacin flush: dilation of capillaries of skin with intense, painful tingling
• Sometimes used as a drug in large amounts to improve blood lipids
• Should only be done under doctor’s supervision to prevent:
• Low blood pressure, liver injury, vision loss
![Page 13: “The B Vitamins”](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56815150550346895dbf7465/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
“Folate”• “Helps to synthesize (make) DNA when
new cells form”
• Deficiency symptoms:–anemia, abnormal digestive function,
impaired immunity
• May also elevate risk of cervical cancer (in women with HPV), breast cancer (women who drink), and pancreatic cancer.
![Page 14: “The B Vitamins”](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56815150550346895dbf7465/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
• Most likely to interact with drugs:
• Constant users of aspirin and antacids may interfere with folate
• “Consumption of folate during pregnancy can prevent neural tube defects.”
![Page 15: “The B Vitamins”](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56815150550346895dbf7465/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Food Sources
• Folate comes from foliage:
• leafy greens, uncooked veggies and fruits, eggs
• Folate anemia:
![Page 16: “The B Vitamins”](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56815150550346895dbf7465/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
“Vitamin B12”
• “codependent with folate”
• “by itself, maintains sheaths that protect nerve fibers”
• Deficiency: anemia
• “Comes from animal meat”
• So vegetarians must be cautious
• (Dairy, fortified cereals and soy)
![Page 17: “The B Vitamins”](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56815150550346895dbf7465/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
“Vitamin B6”
• “Over 100 body roles”
• Convert one kind of amino acid to another, less abundant one
• Important roles in blood hemoglobin
• Releasing stored glucose from glycogen
• Development of brain and nervous system
![Page 18: “The B Vitamins”](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56815150550346895dbf7465/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Loads of Symptoms
• Deficiency: weakness, insomnia, convulsions, greasy dermatitis
• Possibly also heart disease
• Some take supplements for carpal tunnel and insomnia, but research shows this is ineffective.
![Page 19: “The B Vitamins”](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56815150550346895dbf7465/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Toxicity
• Unlikely from food consumption:
• One capsule can contain 2 g
• It would take almost 3,000 bananas, 1,600 liver portions, or 3,800 chicken breasts for that!
![Page 20: “The B Vitamins”](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56815150550346895dbf7465/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
“Biotin and Pantothenic Acid”
• biotin: important for metabolism, gene expression
• pantothenic acid: allows release of energy from food
• Eating normal diets does not put you at risk for deficiency.