Introduction to the Atom, Protons, Neutrons, Electron, Nucleus, Atomic Mass, Quiz Game
The Atom Smallest unit of an element that can exist alone Greek for “uncuttable” Anatomy of an...
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Transcript of The Atom Smallest unit of an element that can exist alone Greek for “uncuttable” Anatomy of an...
![Page 1: The Atom Smallest unit of an element that can exist alone Greek for “uncuttable” Anatomy of an Atom: Electrons, Protons, Neutrons The Nucleus Proton Positive.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649dc55503460f94ab8e28/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The AtomSmallest unit of an element that can exist aloneGreek for “uncuttable”
Anatomy of an Atom: Electrons, Protons, NeutronsThe Nucleus
ProtonPositive chargeDetermines the atomic numberNumber of Protons determines the number of Electrons
NeutronNo chargeAtomic weight - # of Protons = # of Neutrons
Atomic Structure
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ElectronsNegative chargeAtomic number tells you the number of
electronsResides in the “shells”, orbits, or levels
Atomic Structure
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Organized representation of the chemical elements Dimitri Mendeleev
February 17, 1869 63 elements
113 elements Row (Period)
Left to right w/ increasing atomic number Number from 1 to 7
Columns (Family) Number of electrons in the outer orbit
Groups A Group (Representative elements) B Group (Transition elements) Group VIIIA
Noble or inert gases Metals, Semiconductors, & Nonmetals
More on this later – stay tuned
The Periodic Table
![Page 4: The Atom Smallest unit of an element that can exist alone Greek for “uncuttable” Anatomy of an Atom: Electrons, Protons, Neutrons The Nucleus Proton Positive.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649dc55503460f94ab8e28/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
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The ElementSymbolAtomic number
Total number of electronsTotal number of protons
Electrical chargeElectrons – minusProtons – plusNeutrons – no charge
Atomic weight (Nucleus)Protons + Neutrons = atomic weight
The Periodic Table
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Electron ConfigurationEnergy Levels (Shells)
Level I – 2Level II – 8Level III – 8 (first 20 elements) (18)Level IV – 32
The Periodic Table
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Putting it all together . . .
Sodium NaAtomic # - 11
Level I (Shell) - 2Level II - 8Level III – 1
The Periodic Table
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Try this one . . .
Chlorine Cl
The Periodic Table
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Chlorine ClAtomic # 17
Level I – 2Level II – 8Level III – 7
The Periodic Table
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What does the Periodic Table Tell Us?Element symbol & nameAtomic Number of the element
Number of electronsNumber of protons
Number of neutronsNumber of electrons in the outer
shellAtomic weight
The Periodic Table
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Metals, Nonmetals, & Semiconductors80% of the elements are metals
IonAn element with an unbalanced electron
charge – either plus or minusPositive ions – lose electrons
MetalsNegative ions – gain electrons
Non-metalsRemember – the number of protons determines the
charge
The Periodic Table
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IonsWhen the number of protons is
greater than the number electrons it is a positive (+) charged ion.
When the number of electrons is greater than the number of protons it is a negative (-) charged ion.
The Periodic Table
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MetalsElements with 1 – 3 electrons to
losePositive ion
Non-metalsElements with 1 -3 electrons to
gainNegative ion
The Periodic Table
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Check this out . . .
http://www.vanderkrogt.net/elements
The Periodic Table