The AtomCreated by Dr. A. Davila

What is it?

Atom

The simplest form of a

substance.

What is it?

Where is it found?

AtomThe s implest

form of a substance.

The universe is made of many

different types of substances, or

matter.

What is it?

Where is it found?

What is it called?

AtomThe simplest

form of a substance.

The universe is made of many different types of substances, or matter.

Each different type of

matter is called an element.

What is it?

Where is it found?

What is it called?

What is an element?

Atom The s implest form of a

substance.

The universe is made of many different types of substances, or matter.

Each different type of matter is called

an element.

An element is the simplest

form of matter

and is made of the same type

of atoms.

What is it?

Where is it found?

What is it called?

What is an element?

What if they combine?

Atom The s implest form of a

substance.

The universe is

made of many

different types of

substances ,

or matter.

Each different type of

matter is called an element.

An element is the

simplest form of

matter and is

made of the same type of

atoms.

If two or more atoms combine it is called a molecule.

What is it?

Where is it found?

What is it called?

What is an element?

What if they combine?

What if they are different

atoms?

Atom The s implest form of a

substance.

The universe is made of many different types of substances , or matter.

Each different type of matter is called

an element.An element is the simplest form of matter

and is made of the same type of atoms.

If two or more atoms combine it is called a molecule.

Atoms of different elements may join together

chemically to form a

compound.

What is it?

Where is it found?

What is it called?

What is an element?

What if they combine?

What if they are different

atoms?

How are they

described?

Atom The simplest form of a

substance.

The universe is made of many different types of substances, or matter.

Each different type of matter is called

an element.An element is the simplest form of matter

and is made of the same type of atoms.

If two or more atoms combine it is called a molecule.

Atoms of different elements may join

together chemically to form a compound.

They are often described using

chemical formulas.

• Atoms and Their Electrons.Classroom Media, 1995. Full Video.30 September 2010. <http://www.discoveryeducation.com/>.

What is it?

Where is it found?

What is it called?

What is an element?

What if they combine?

What if they are different

atoms?

How are they

described?

AtomThe s implest form of

a substance.

The universe is made of many different

types of substances ,

or matter. Each different type of matter is

called an element.

An element is the simplest form of

matter and is made

of the same type of atoms.

If two or more atoms combine

it is called a molecule.

Atoms of different elements may join

together chemically to

form a compound.

They are often described using

chemical

formulas .

Elements in the Human Body

65%

18%

10%

3%2%2%

Oxygen

Carbon

Hydrogen

Nitrogen

Calcium

Other

Composition of AirCOMPONENT VOLUME

Nitrogen 78%

Oxygen 21%

Other 1%

Composition of the Air on Planet Earth

Elements in Our Body and Atmosphere

N19

7Nitrogen

2 5

+3

O16

8Oxygen2 6

-2

Na23

11Sodium2 1

+1

39.1

20Calcium2

+2

8

Ca8 28

Ar39.9

18Sodium2 8

0

1

1Calcium

-1

8

H1

12

6Calcium2

+/-2

C4

The Carbon Cycle

Describe an Element

• Identify the element• Provide the elements’ symbols• Provide its atomic number and atomic mass• What is its appearance, its other properties• Explain its uses • How would you classify it?

contains asurrounded by

ofcomposed

which is different for different

which is the same for different

which determine the

which are added together to find

the

contains

arranged on the

An atom

elec trons nucleus

neutronsprotons

atomic number

massnumber

isotopes H1

1.01

atomic number

atomic mass

Chemic al or Element

Symbol

elements

periodic table

neutrons

protons

HydrogenElement Name

M &A D áv ila

Common Gases

Oxygen

O2

Chlorine

Cl2

Ammonia

NH3

Hydrogen

H2

Helium

He

Carbon dioxide

CO2

respiration,support of

combustion

bleac h, dis infectant

fertilizer, manufacture of

plastic

Chemic al reagent, fuel for

fuel cells

Lifting gas for balloons

Plants need it to complete

photosynthesis

Nitrogen

N2

Manufacture of ammonia

Sulfur dioxide

SO2

Preservation, dis infectant,

bleac h

formula formula formula formula formula formula formula formula

substance substancesubstance substance

typical usage typical usage typical usage typical usage typical usage typical usage typical usage typical usage

Solids

Aluminum

Al

Copper

Cu

I ron

Fe

Magnesium

Mg

Water (ic e)

H2O

Gold

Au

formula formulaformula

Sodium C hloride (salt)

NaCl

Sucrose (sugar)

C12H22O11

Water

H2O

Others

Iodine

l2

Baking Soda

NaHCO3

Vinegar

C2H4O2

formulaformula formula

Hydrogen Peroxide

H2O2

Maylanta or Maalox

(antacids)

Al(OH3)

milk of magnesia(antacid)

Mg(OH)2(s)

formula

periods groups metals metalloids nonmetals Atomic # always

capitalized

Nevercapitalized

dissimilar similar malleable

electricalconductor

brittle

Electrical insulator

metals

nonmetals

Shiny luster

dull luster

conductor

insultor

malleable

high melting point

brittle

low melting point

Democritus disagreed with other philosophers who thought that matter could be explained only by

descriptive terms. In his view, all of the descriptions of matter were secondary to the identity of the atoms

making it up.

Rutherford called the positively

charged, central part of the atom the nucleus. He

named the positively charged

particles in the nucleus protons.

He also suggested that electrons

were scattered in the mostly empty space around the

nucleus. Thee atoms must be made of mostly

empty space.

Niels Bohr found evidence that electrons in atoms are arranged in energy levels. The lowest energy level is closest to the nucleus

and can hold only two electrons. Higher energy levels are farther from the nucleus and can contain more electrons.

This simplified model shows a nucleus of protons and neutrons and electron paths based on energy levels.

The Modern Atomic Model As a result of continuing research, scientists now realize that

because electrons have characteristics that are similar to waves and particles, their energy levels are not defined, planetlike orbits around the nucleus. Rather, it seems most likely that electrons move in what is called the atom's electron cloud.

Lavoisier showed that wood and the oxygen it combines with during burning have the same mass as the ash, water, carbon dioxide, and other gases that

are produced. In a similar way, an iron bar, oxygen, and water have the same mass as the rust that forms when they interact. From Lavoisier's work came the law of conservation of matter, which states that matter is not created or

destroyed? Matter only changes form.