The Atmosphere and Atmospheric Pollution The Atmosphere and Atmospheric Pollution.
THE ATMOSPHERE
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Transcript of THE ATMOSPHERE
“Eight and a half miles can be covered in minutes with a car on an expressway but
what does a man see?”
THE ATMOSPHEREReview, pollution, greenhouse effect, ozone layer, seasons, tides & energy resources
October 1 2012
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Review: The Atmosphere
Concept map 1: Review
Seasons•The distance between the sun and the
Earth affects the amount of solar radiation we get.
Fug. 3: http://okfirst.mesonet.org/train/meteorology/Seasons.html
Question 1 of the Day
Does the moon rotate around the Earth or does it rotate on its own axis?
Moon•Synchronised rotations: around Earth and
on its own axis Complete rotation on its axis = complete
rotation around Earth = 27.3 days•Attracts water masses on Earth and
causes changes in tides.
Phases of Moon
Fig. 3: http://www.freedomtek.org/mjesec/images/moon_phases_diagram_big.jpg
Tides
•Tide: the rise and fall of water in the seas and oceans. It is caused by the gravitational pull of the moon and to a lesser extent, of the sun.
Fig. 4: http://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/earth/oceanography/tide-table1.htm
Tidal Range•Tidal range: the difference in water
levels at high and low tide.▫Affected by: shape and slope of the
coastline, the depth of water and the distance of the moon or sun from the Earth.
Question 2 of the Day
True or false: Small tides can be observed in the Great Lakes and the St. Lawrence River.
Spring Tides•Spring tides: the extremely high tides
when the sun and the moon are aligned with the Earth.
Fig. 5: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tide_schematic.svg
Solar Energy•Solar energy: the energy that comes from
the sun in the form of radiation through the atmosphere.
• Benefits (+): renewable source, no GHG emission and provides an option for facilities in isolated areas such as the Far North.
• Disadvantages (-): expensive and the amount of energy varies constantly with the sun’s position and the weather conditions.
Solar Energy•Various technologies have been developed
to harness solar energy:1. Passive heating systems2. Solar collector3. Photovoltaic cells
Passive Heating/ Solar Collectors
Fig. 6: http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_eKNvzSa4EFc/TQqFZAepLqI/AAAAAAAAAGg/4S_ttmCkE30/s1600/install_solar_power_for_home-7618.jpg
Photovoltaic Cells
Fig. 7: http://solarelectricity10.files.wordpress.com/2012/08/solar-panel-diagram.gif
Solar Farm
Fig. 8: Solar panels in Tibet, June 2011
Solar to Electricity
Fig. 7:
Wind Power•Wind energy: energy that can be drawn
from the wind.•Benefits (+):
▫Renewable source ▫No GHG emission during operation
•Disadvantages (-): ▫Ruin the beauty of landscape▫Unreliable - impossible to predict when and
strength of wind and wind energy cannot be stored.
Wind Farms in Quebec
Fig. 8: http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2451/3818389300_573558f904.jpg
•Windmills of Cap Chat in the touristy area of Gaspesie
Wind to Electricity
Fig. 9: http://images.tutorvista.com/content/sources-energy/working-of-windmill.jpeg
Question 3 of the Day
What kind of energy will you create for tomorrow if all the energy resources that we have studied cannot be used? Why?
Energy of Tomorrow
•Fuel cells: use hydrogen and oxygen to produce electricity, heat and water.
•Benefits (+):▫Hydrogen is the most abundant element on
Earth.▫No waste and no GHG emission.
•Problems (-):▫Difficult to separate hydrogen from other
atoms that is almost always bonded to.▫The separation itself requires energy.