The asthenosphere consists of solid rock that is flowing. But it’s not all flowing in the same...
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The asthenosphere consists of solid rock that is flowing. But it’s not all flowing in the same direction.
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Theory of Plate Tectonics
• Theory that pieces of lithosphere move around on top of the asthenosphere
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Plate Boundaries
• The edges of different pieces of The lithosphere meet at lines called plate boundaries
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Plate Boundaries
Plate Videos
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So the plates move.Now What?
•As the plates move, they produce changes in Earth’s surface, including volcanoes, earthquakes, mountain ranges, and deep-ocean trenches.
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3 Types of Plate Boundaries
Divergent
Convergent
Transform
Divergent
Transform
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3 Types of Boundaries
Divergent boundary= two plates move apart
• Magma rises and creates new crust or seafloor
Causes: mid-ocean ridges, rift valleys, new crust , volcanoes
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Divergent Boundaries
© All Rights Reserved.
Diverging Africa
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Diverging Iceland
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3 Types of Boundaries
• Convergent= when two tectonic plates push into one another.
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Convergent Boundaries
• Continental vs. Continental
• Continental vs. Oceanic
• Oceanic vs. Oceanic
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Continental vs. Continental•When two continental crustal plates collide, the continents buckle upward and form mountains.
Himalayas- Asia
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Oceanic vs. Continental
•The oceanic plate slides under the continental plate.
•The continental crust crumbles and forms new mountains.
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Oceanic vs. Continental
• Ex: Andes mtn in S.
America
Cascade Mtns. in N. America- Mt. St. Helens
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Oceanic vs. Oceanic
•Two oceanic plates collide, one of the oceanic plates slides under the other.•also called a subduction zone
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Hawaiian Islands
Oceanic vs. Oceanic
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Transform boundary
• When two tectonic plates slide past each other horizontally
Produces?
Earthquakes
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San Andreas Fault
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New Madrid Fault
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Examples of Convection
• Convection example
• Convection in a roomDOS
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How do the plates move?
• CONVECTION CURRENTS• Hot material rises while
cooler material near the
surface sinks
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How do the plates move?
• CONVECTION CURRENTS• Hot material from deep within the Earth
rises while cooler material near the surface sinks
• http://education.sdsc.edu/optiputer/flash/convection.htm
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Convection currents
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How do we know?
• Sea-floor spreading
=new ocean floor is
created as two
lithospheric plates
pull away from
one another.
Sea-floor spreading
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Seafloor spreading
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The Plates Move…So what now?
Which way?
• 50 million years