The Art and Science of Finding Zebra Mussels: A Discussion ...€¦ · the art and science of...
Transcript of The Art and Science of Finding Zebra Mussels: A Discussion ...€¦ · the art and science of...
![Page 1: The Art and Science of Finding Zebra Mussels: A Discussion ...€¦ · the art and science of finding zebra mussels: a discussion of in-lake early detection search methods in minnesota](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050508/5f993a5f296286560609c753/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
THE ART AND SCIENCE OF FINDING ZEBRA MUSSELS: A DISCUSSION OF IN-LAKE EARLY
DETECTION SEARCH METHODS IN MINNESOTA
KYLIE CATTOOR, KEEGAN LUND, ALLISON GAMBLE
MINNESOTA DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES
2016 UPPER MIDWEST INVASIVE SPECIES CONFERENCE
OCTOBER 19TH, 2016
LACROSSE, WISCONSIN
![Page 2: The Art and Science of Finding Zebra Mussels: A Discussion ...€¦ · the art and science of finding zebra mussels: a discussion of in-lake early detection search methods in minnesota](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050508/5f993a5f296286560609c753/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
ZEBRA MUSSEL LIFE CYCLE
![Page 3: The Art and Science of Finding Zebra Mussels: A Discussion ...€¦ · the art and science of finding zebra mussels: a discussion of in-lake early detection search methods in minnesota](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050508/5f993a5f296286560609c753/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
NEW INFESTATIONS INTO A WATERBODY
Potential vectors of spread:
• adults, juveniles, and veligers at variable times of the year
• human pathways: watercraft, docks & lifts
- residual water – limited risk
• connected waters
Detection challenges:
• water clarity (turbidity, water flow, algae)
• substrate (algae coating, muck, silt)
• shade (under rocks, low light, small crevices)
• tiny animals, large waterbodies- potentially localized at low densities
veliger
![Page 4: The Art and Science of Finding Zebra Mussels: A Discussion ...€¦ · the art and science of finding zebra mussels: a discussion of in-lake early detection search methods in minnesota](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050508/5f993a5f296286560609c753/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
REPORTING NEW INFESTATIONS IN MN
1. Receive report
• photo or voucher specimen
• general location, date
2. Field inspection
• confirm presence
• lake wide assessment
3. Designate waterbody
4. Potential rapid response
![Page 5: The Art and Science of Finding Zebra Mussels: A Discussion ...€¦ · the art and science of finding zebra mussels: a discussion of in-lake early detection search methods in minnesota](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050508/5f993a5f296286560609c753/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
REPORTING NEW INFESTATIONS IN MN
1. Receive report
• photo or voucher specimen
• general location, date
2. Field inspection
• confirm presence
• lake wide assessment
3. Designate waterbody
4. Potential rapid response
![Page 6: The Art and Science of Finding Zebra Mussels: A Discussion ...€¦ · the art and science of finding zebra mussels: a discussion of in-lake early detection search methods in minnesota](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050508/5f993a5f296286560609c753/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
REPORTING NEW INFESTATIONS IN MN
1. Receive report
• photo or voucher specimen
• general location, date
2. Field inspection
• confirm presence
• lake wide assessment
3. Designate waterbody
4. Potential rapid response
![Page 7: The Art and Science of Finding Zebra Mussels: A Discussion ...€¦ · the art and science of finding zebra mussels: a discussion of in-lake early detection search methods in minnesota](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050508/5f993a5f296286560609c753/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
EARLY DETECTION MONITORING
Photos provided by Minnehaha Creek Watershed District
Methods
• Settlement plates (passive)
- potentially reproducing
- covers large spatial range
- citizen involvement
- cost effective & easy data
collection
![Page 8: The Art and Science of Finding Zebra Mussels: A Discussion ...€¦ · the art and science of finding zebra mussels: a discussion of in-lake early detection search methods in minnesota](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050508/5f993a5f296286560609c753/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
EARLY DETECTION MONITORING
Methods
• Settlement plates (passive)
- potentially reproducing
- covers large spatial range
- citizen involvement
- cost effective & easy data
collection
• Veliger tows (active)
- requires high veliger density
- time consuming on large scale
- specialized equipment
- confounding results
Photo provided by MAISRC
Photos provided by Minnehaha Creek Watershed District
![Page 9: The Art and Science of Finding Zebra Mussels: A Discussion ...€¦ · the art and science of finding zebra mussels: a discussion of in-lake early detection search methods in minnesota](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050508/5f993a5f296286560609c753/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
EARLY DETECTION MONITORING
Methods
• In-lake searches
- wade v. snorkel v. SCUBA
- quadrat v. transect v. random
FOCUS AT THE ACCESS!
• MCWD early detection monitoring
program
![Page 10: The Art and Science of Finding Zebra Mussels: A Discussion ...€¦ · the art and science of finding zebra mussels: a discussion of in-lake early detection search methods in minnesota](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050508/5f993a5f296286560609c753/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: The Art and Science of Finding Zebra Mussels: A Discussion ...€¦ · the art and science of finding zebra mussels: a discussion of in-lake early detection search methods in minnesota](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050508/5f993a5f296286560609c753/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
CASE STUDY 1: LAKE INDEPENDENCE, HENNEPIN CO.
Designated infested: September 2014
Reported by: water resource manager
Discovered: public boat launch (juveniles + adults attached
to rock)
Field inspection
• ~2,000/m2 adults on access ramp + underneath dock
• Blue Water Science, 3RP, DNR
• in-lake searches + veliger tows for 29 hours
Rapid response efforts
• barrier containment
• pesticide control (EarthTec QZ & Muriate of Potash) in
2014-2015
• fall 2015: 49 adults outside treatment (12 hour search)
• summer/fall 2016: 3 adults, 2 juveniles (13 hour search)
![Page 12: The Art and Science of Finding Zebra Mussels: A Discussion ...€¦ · the art and science of finding zebra mussels: a discussion of in-lake early detection search methods in minnesota](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050508/5f993a5f296286560609c753/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Designated infested: July 2015
Reported by: lake property owner
Discovered: (?) attached to native, 2 additional reported
Field inspections
• in-lake searches (wade + snorkel) for 15 hours
• 5 DNR staff, no zebra mussels found
More searches…
• fall 2015: 21 hours (snorkel + SCUBA)
• 4 DNR staff, 3 confirmed zebra mussels
• fall dock removal, no zebra mussels reported
CASE STUDY 2: LAKE STELLA, MEEKER CO.
![Page 13: The Art and Science of Finding Zebra Mussels: A Discussion ...€¦ · the art and science of finding zebra mussels: a discussion of in-lake early detection search methods in minnesota](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050508/5f993a5f296286560609c753/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Designated infested: September 2014
Reported by: recreational smorkler
Discovered: 3 juveniles attached to small rocks
Field inspection
• in-lake searches for 30 hours, 13 juveniles found
• Blue Water Science, RCWD, WBLCD staff, WBL volunteers,
DNR
Zebra mussel population monitoring study developed
CASE STUDY 3: WHITE BEAR LAKE, RAMSEY/WASHINGTON CO.
![Page 14: The Art and Science of Finding Zebra Mussels: A Discussion ...€¦ · the art and science of finding zebra mussels: a discussion of in-lake early detection search methods in minnesota](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050508/5f993a5f296286560609c753/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
ZEBRA MUSSEL POPULATION MONITORING
Methods
• 4– 50 meter belt transects
• veliger tows (July & August)
• intensive grid (100 x 100 meter)
• settlement plates & dock/lift checks
![Page 15: The Art and Science of Finding Zebra Mussels: A Discussion ...€¦ · the art and science of finding zebra mussels: a discussion of in-lake early detection search methods in minnesota](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050508/5f993a5f296286560609c753/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
0
1
2
3
T1 T2 T3 T4
Log
10
zebra
muss
el densi
ty (
# p
er
10 m
2)
Monitoring Station
2015 (Year 1)
2016 (Year 2)
2
300
3
5
2
94
164
70
![Page 16: The Art and Science of Finding Zebra Mussels: A Discussion ...€¦ · the art and science of finding zebra mussels: a discussion of in-lake early detection search methods in minnesota](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050508/5f993a5f296286560609c753/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
0
1
2
3
4
10 11 15 18
Log
10
veliger
densi
ty (
# p
er
m3)
Monitoring Station
2015 (Early)
2015 (Late)
2016 (Early)
2016 (Late)
2
33
2,526
256
![Page 17: The Art and Science of Finding Zebra Mussels: A Discussion ...€¦ · the art and science of finding zebra mussels: a discussion of in-lake early detection search methods in minnesota](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050508/5f993a5f296286560609c753/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
SAMPLING GRID100 X 100 M QUADRATS 200 RANDOM QUADRATS (2%)
ZM Sampling Grid(100 x 100m)
Zebra Mussel Count
" 0
" 1
" 2
" 3
" 4
" 5
ZM Sampling Grid(Rand 200)
Zebra MusselCount
" 0
" 1 - 5
" 6 - 10
" 11 - 25
" 26 - 50
" 50+
![Page 18: The Art and Science of Finding Zebra Mussels: A Discussion ...€¦ · the art and science of finding zebra mussels: a discussion of in-lake early detection search methods in minnesota](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050508/5f993a5f296286560609c753/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
WHAT CAN WE LEARN…
Truly an art and science!
• what is your purpose?
- early detection v. confirmation
• what are your resources?
- time and money
• Early detection monitoring is KEY!
Regardless… low densities are tough to find
Photo provided by MAISRC
Photo provided by MCWD
![Page 19: The Art and Science of Finding Zebra Mussels: A Discussion ...€¦ · the art and science of finding zebra mussels: a discussion of in-lake early detection search methods in minnesota](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050508/5f993a5f296286560609c753/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
WHAT CAN WE LEARN…
Just confirming?
• random in-lake searches
– snorkel/wading/SCUBA
– verify infestation extent
Photo provided by MAISRC
Photo provided by MCWD
![Page 20: The Art and Science of Finding Zebra Mussels: A Discussion ...€¦ · the art and science of finding zebra mussels: a discussion of in-lake early detection search methods in minnesota](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050508/5f993a5f296286560609c753/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
WHAT CAN WE LEARN…
Early detection efforts
• limited resources
- settlement plates + regular access searches
(get wet)
• search the access (monthly, weekly, daily)
• lakewide surveys (monthly)
- wade/snorkel/SCUBA
- suitable habitat… optimal times of year
(biologically & environmentally)
Photo provided by MAISRC
Photo provided by MCWD
![Page 21: The Art and Science of Finding Zebra Mussels: A Discussion ...€¦ · the art and science of finding zebra mussels: a discussion of in-lake early detection search methods in minnesota](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050508/5f993a5f296286560609c753/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
CONTINUING EFFORTS IN MN
Watercraft Inspector Program- MN DNR
• boat access searches
Early detection monitoring
• protocol developed by DNR & MAISRC
Continued partnerships
• U of Minnesota- Extension detectors
• MAISRC
• Other ED programs, e.g. MCWD monitoring program