Defense = apologia (Gk); answer; reason; rationale; argument; "apologetic”
the argument from reason
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The Argument from Reason
description
the argument from reason. leibniz’s law arguments. All Fs are G. o is not G. o is not an F. the argument from doubt. All material bodies are such that I can doubt their existence. I am not such that I can doubt my existence. I am not a material body. the argument from reason. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of the argument from reason
The Argument from Reason
The new form of the problem can be described in terms of a game which we call the 'imitation game." It is played with three people, a man (A), a woman (B), and an interrogator (C) who may be of either sex. The interrogator stays in a room apart front the other two. The object of the game for the interrogator is to determine which of the other two is the man and which is the woman. He knows them by labels X and Y, and at the end of the game he says either "X is A and Y is B" or "X is B and Y is A." … It is A's object in the game to try and cause C to make the wrong identification... The object of the game for the third player (B) is to help the interrogator.
We now ask the question, "What will happen when a machine takes the part of A in this game?" Will the interrogator decide wrongly as often when the game is played like this as he does when the game is played between a man and a woman? These questions replace our original, "Can machines think?"
I believe that in about fifty years' time it will be possible, to programme computers… to make them play the imitation game so well that an average interrogator will not have more than 70 percent chance of making the right identification after five minutes of questioning… [So] one will be able to speak of machines thinking without expecting to be contradicted.
…we can easily understand a machine's being constituted so that it can utter words, and even emit some responses to action on it of a corporeal kind, which brings about a change in its organs; for instance, if it is touched in a particular part it may ask what we wish to say to it; if in another part it may exclaim that it is being hurt, and so on. But it never happens that it arranges its speech in various ways, in order to reply appropriately to everything that may be said in its presence, as [every] man can do…
The Argument from Reason
1) Something can think if and only if it can use language.
2) My body cannot (by itself) use language.
3) [So] My body cannot think.4) I can think 5) I am not identical to my body.
