The Architecture of the Mosque: Historical Roots and ...

The Architecture of the Mosque: Historical Roots and Modern Influences

Acknowledgements We warmly thank every person and institution who contributed visual materials to this open online course as well as the librarians who assisted us in obtaining high resolution images and in securing their copyrights. It is obvious that without these abundant illustrations, this course would not have the same level of impact and clarity. It is a privilege to be able to include such high-quality images of the buildings in the course lectures.

Our sincere gratitude goes to the architects who allowed us to reproduce their drawings: Bernardo Bader, Rasem Badran, Kashef Mahboob Chowdhury, Çan Cinici, Kamran Diba, Yawar Jilani, Mahboob Khan, Ramesh Khosla, Saleh Lamei Mostafa, Jimmy Lim Cheok Siang, and Marina Tabassum.

We also warmly thank the scholars and photographers who gave us permission to use their work: Abdulrahman Alalosi, Glaire Anderson, Walter B. Denny, Mohamed Elshahed, J. Brooke Harrington, Gulru Necipoglu-Kafadar, Philippe Charles Saad, Henri and Anne Stierlin, Michael A. Toler, and Daniel C. Waugh,

as well as the institutions that made their collection available to us:Aga Khan Award for Architecture, Aga Khan Documentation Center (MIT Libraries), Aga Khan Trust for Culture, Aramco World, Brooklyn Museum, Freer Gallery of Art and Arthur M. Sackler Gallery, Harvard Art Museums, Harvard Fine Arts Library, Library of Congress, Royal Collection Trust, Royal Commission for Riyadh City, and Wikimedia Foundation.

Finally, we are very appreciative of the help we received from the following archivists and librarians: Jennifer Berry, Joanne Bloom, Britt Bowen, and Matt Saba.

Image Credits Every effort has been made to identify and contact the copyright holders for the images reproduced in the videos for this course. If you believe that you own the copyright in any of the images shown in the MOOC, and we have not recognised you as the copyright owner, please contact us. We would be happy to investigate the matter and correct any errors or omissions that are brought to our attention.

Content :

1 Introduction

2 House and Mosque of the Prophet

3 Umayyad Mosque

4 Great Mosque of Samarra

5 Great Mosque of Qayrawan

6 Great Mosque of Cordoba

7 Great Mosque of Isfahan

8 Mosque and Madrasah of Sultan Hasan

9 Masjid-i Shah

10 Central-Dome Mosque

11 Suleymaniye (Sulaymaniyyah) Mosque

12 Friday Mosque of Delhi

13 European Influences: The 18th and19th centuries

14 Nuruosmaniye (Nur ‘Uthmaniyyah)Mosque

15 Nusretiye (al-Nusratiyyah) Mosque

16 Al-Husayn Mosque

17 Mosque of al-Rifa’i

18 The Modern Mosque

19 Mosque Architecture andThe Aga Khan Award for Architecture

20 Sherefudin’s White Mosque

21 Great Mosque of Niono

22 Yaama Mosque, Said Naum Mosque,Bhong Mosque

23 Corniche Mosque

24 Timber Modular Mosques Project

25 Great Mosque of Riyadh

26 Grand National Assembly Mosque

27 Rome Mosque and Islamic CulturalCenter

28 Pearl Mosque

29 Al Medy Mosque

30 Chandgaon Mosque

31 Altach Islamic Cemetery

32 Bayt al-Ra’uf (Bait Ur Rouf) Mosque

Suleymaniye Mosque

Istanbul, Turkey

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by Jean-Pierre Bazard distributed under a CC BY-SA 3.0 license.

Map of the Islamic World

CSBE et al.

Redrawn by CSBE from various sources.

Worshippers in a mosque

Malaysia

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by User:Self distributed under a CC BY-SA 3.0 license.

Great Mosque of Isfahan

Isfahan, Iran

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph byUser:Hamidespanani distributed under a CC BY-SA 4.0 license.

Nusretiye Mosque

Istanbul, Turkey

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by User:Darwinek distributed under a CC BY-SA 3.0 license.

Al-Rifa’i Mosque

Cairo, Egypt

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by Berthold Werner distributed under a CC BY 3.0 license.

Ayshah Bakkar Mosque

Beirut, Lebanon

Aga Khan Award for Architecture

Photograph by Jafar Tukan.

Al Medy Mosque

Riyadh, Saudi Arabia


Photograph by MohammedAbdulaziz. Courtesy of Auroville Earth Institute.

Chandgaon Mosque

Chittagong, Bangladesh


Photograph by B.K.S. Inan. Courtesy of Aga Khan Trust for Culture.

Umayyad Mosque

Damascus, Syria


Photograph by Michel Ecochard. Courtesy of Aga Khan Trust for Culture.

Friday Mosque

Delhi, India

Private collection

Albumen print, unknownphotographer, 19th century.

Nuruosmaniye Mosque

Istanbul, Turkey

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by Arild Vågendistributed under a CC BY-SA 3.0 license.

Video 1: Introduction

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:S%C3%BCleymaniye_Camii.jpg

https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en


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https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kairo_Rifai_Moschee_BW_1.jpg

https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/deed.en


https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Nuruosmaniye_Mosque_Mars_2013.jpg



https://archnet.org/sites/61/media_contents/12779





University of Baghdad Mosquealso known as Al-Mustafa Mosque

Baghdad, Iraq

Harvard Art Museums,Busch-Reisinger Museum,Gift of Ise Gropius.

©President and Fellows of Harvard College.

Sherefudin’s White Mosque

Visoko, Bosnia and Herzegovina


Photograph by Jacques Bétant. Courtesy of Aga Khan Trust for Culture.

Great Mosque of Niono

Niono, Mali


Photograph by Kamran Adle. Courtesy of Aga Khan Trust for Culture.

Yaama Mosque

Tahoua, Niger



Said Naum Mosque

Jakarta, Indonesia



Bhong Mosque

Bhong, Pakistan



Corniche Mosque

Jeddah, Saudi Arabia


Photograph by Mohammad Akram. Courtesy of Aga Khan Trust for Culture.

Great Mosque of Riyadh



Courtesy of Royal Commission for Riyadh city.

Grand National Assembly Mosque

Ankara, Turkey


Photograph by Reha Günay. Courtesy of Aga Khan Trust for Culture.

Altach Cemetery

Vorarlberg, Austria


Photograph by Cemal Emden. Courtesy of Aga Khan Trust for Culture.

Bayt al Ra’uf Mosque

Dhaka, Bangladesh


Photograph by Rajesh Vora. Courtesy of Aga Khan Trust for Culture.

Al-Aqsa Mosque

Jerusalem


Photograph by Atilla Yücel. Courtesy of Aga Khan Trust for Culture.

https://harvardartmuseums.org/collections/object/50461%3Fposition%3D0

https://www.rcrc.gov.sa/en/

https://www.rcrc.gov.sa/en/

https://harvardartmuseums.org/collections/object/50461?position=0



http://www.archnet.org/sites/390/media_contents/26840








Al-U’mari Mosque

Sidon, Lebanon


Courtesy of Saleh Lamei Mostafa.


Mosque of the Prophet

Al-Madinah, Saudi Arabia

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by User:Wurzelghnohm distributed under a CC0 1.0 license.

House and Mosque of the Prophet


CSBE et al.

Redrawn by CSBE.Original drawing by Saeed Arida, courtesy of Nasser Rabbat and Aga Khan Documentation Center (AKDC@MIT).



CSBE et al.




CSBE et al.




CSBE et al.




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Video 2: House and Mosque of the Prophet

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MasjidNabawi.jpg

https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/deed.en

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Umayyad Mosque

Damascus, Syria

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by User:Theklan distributed under a CC BY-SA 3.0 license.

Umayyad Mosque

Damascus, Syria


Photograph by Michel Ecochard. Courtesy of Aga Khan Trust for Culture.

Umayyad Mosque

Damascus, Syria

Fine Arts LibraryHarvard University

Photograph by Bonfils family. Courtesy of Special Collections, Fine Arts Library, Harvard University.

Umayyad Mosque

Damascus, Syria

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by VyacheslavArgenberg distributed under aCC BY 4.0 license.

Umayyad Mosque

Damascus, Syria

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by Leon Petrosyan distributed under a CC BY-SA 4.0 license.

Umayyad Mosque

Damascus, Syria

Royal Collection Trust

Photograph by Francis Bedford. Courtesy of the Royal Collection Trust.

Umayyad Mosque

Damascus, Syria

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by Johan Siegersdistributed under a CC BY 2.0 license.

Umayyad Mosque

Damascus, Syria

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by James Gordondistributed under a CC BY 2.0 license.

Umayyad Mosque

Damascus, Syria

AKDC@MIT

Photograph by Nasser Rabbat. Courtesy of Aga Khan Documentation Center (AKDC@MIT).

Umayyad Mosque

Damascus, Syria

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by James Gordondistributed under a CC BY 2.0 license.

Umayyad Mosque

Damascus, Syria

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by User:Sheam K distributed under a CC BY-SA 3.0 license.

Umayyad Mosque

Damascus, Syria

CSBE et al.

Redrawn by CSBE. Original drawing by Saeed Arida, courtesy of Nasser Rabbat and Aga Khan Documentation Center (AKDC@MIT).

Video 3: Umayyad Mosque

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Umayyad_Mosquee_panoramic.jpg


http://id.lib.harvard.edu/via/olvwork722344/catalog






https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Damascus%2C_Syria%2C_The_Umayyad_Mosque%2C_The_Great_Mosque_of_Damascus_2.jpg


https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archivo:Umayyad_Mosque3.jpg

https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.es


https://www.rct.uk/collection/2700959/north-side-of-the-great-mosque-damascus-syria





https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Syria%2C_Damascus%2C_umayyad_mosque_%285845073364%29.jpg



https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_Great_Umayyed_Mosque_of_Damascus%2C_Syria%2C_and_Khazne_%28Treasury%29.jpg



https://dome.mit.edu/handle/1721.3/46467






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Umayyad Mosque

Damascus, Syria

CSBE et al.


Umayyad Mosque

Damascus, Syria

CSBE et al.


Umayyad Mosque

Damascus, Syria

CSBE et al.


Umayyad Mosque

Damascus, Syria

CSBE et al.


Umayyad Mosque

Damascus, Syria

CSBE et al.


Umayyad Mosque

Damascus, Syria

CSBE et al.


Umayyad Mosque

Damascus, Syria

CSBE et al.


Old St. Peter’s Basilica

Vatican City

CSBE et al.

Redrawn by CSBE. Originaldrawing from Wikimedia Com-mons. Public domain.





























https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Old_St_Peters_Basilica_plan.png



Great Mosque of Samarra

Samarra, Iraq

AKDC@MIT

Photograph by Yasser Tabbaa. Courtesy of Aga KhanDocumentation Center(AKDC@MIT).


Samarra, Iraq

Freer Gallery of Art and Arthur M. Sackler Gallery Archives

Ernst Herzfeld Papers, FSA A.06, Gift of Ernst Herzfield, 1946, FSA A. 06 07.04.03.21.


Samarra, Iraq

AKDC@MIT

Photograph by Marilyn Jenkins-Madina. Courtesy of Aga Khan Documentation Center (AKDC@MIT).

Abu Dulaf Mosque

Samarra, Iraq

AKDC@MIT

Photograph by Yasser Tabbaa. Courtesy of Aga Khan Documenta-tion Center (AKDC@MIT).

Mosque of Ibn Tulun

Cairo, Egypt

Wikimedia Commons



Samarra, Iraq

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by the Royal Air Force uploaded by User:Aliraad22333 distributed under a CC BY-SA 4.0 license.


Samarra, Iraq

CSBE et al.

Redrawn by CSBE. Original drawing from Wikimedia Commons. Public domain.


Samarra, Iraq

CSBE et al.

Redrawn by CSBE.Original drawing from Wikimedia Commons. Public domain.


Samarra, Iraq

CSBE et al.



Samarra, Iraq

CSBE et al.



Samarra, Iraq

CSBE et al.


Video 4: Great Mosque of Samarra







https://sova.si.edu/details/FSA.A.06%23ref10439















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https://sova.si.edu/details/FSA.A.06#ref10439

Great Mosque of Qayrawan

Qayrawan, Tunisia

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by Marek Szarejko distributed under a CC BY-SA 2.0 license.


Qayrawan, Tunisia

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by User:Citizen59 distributed under a CC BY-SA 3.0 license.


Qayrawan, Tunisia

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by User:YiTe LAI distributed under a CC BY-SA 2.0 license.


Qayrawan, Tunisia

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by John Whitaker under a under a CC BY-SA 2.0.


Samarra, Iraq

AKDC@MIT

Photograph by MarilynJenkins-Madina. Courtesy of Aga Khan Documentation Center (AKDC@MIT).


Qayrawan, Tunisia

AKDC@MIT

Photograph by Mohamed Elshahed. Courtesy of Aga Khan Documenta-tion Center (AKDC@MIT).


Qayrawan, Tunisia

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by Chuck Moravecdistributed under a CC BY 2.0 license.


Qayrawan, Tunisia

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by User:benfounddistributed under a CC BY 2.0 license.


Qayrawan, Tunisia

CSBE et al.

Redrawn by CSBE. Simplified plan. Drawn from various sources.


Qayrawan, Tunisia

CSBE et al.



Qayrawan, Tunisia

CSBE et al.



Qayrawan, Tunisia

CSBE et al.


Video 5: Great Mosque of Qayrawan

https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fichier:Kairouan_Mosque_Stitched_Panorama.jpg



https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:SallePriereGrandeMosqueKairouan_2.JPG

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https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Panorama_of_the_courtyard_of_the_Great_Mosque_of_Kairouan.jpg



https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fichier:Great_Mosque_of_Kairouan,_eastern_portico_of_the_courtyard.jpg

https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/deed.fr












https://fr.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fichier:Coupole_du_mihrab,_Grande_Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Kairouan.jpg



https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fichier:Courtyard_of_the_Great_Mosque_of_Kairouan.jpg

https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/deed.fr



Qayrawan, Tunisia

CSBE et al.



Qayrawan, Tunisia

CSBE et al.



Qayrawan, Tunisia

CSBE et al.


Great Mosque of Cordoba

Cordoba, Spain

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by Toni Castillo Quero distributed under a CC BY-SA 2.0 license.


Cordoba, Spain

AKDC@MIT

Photograph by Yannick Genin. Courtesy of Aga Khan Documenta-tion Center (AKDC@MIT).


Cordoba, Spain

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by User:Schnobby distributed under a CC BY-SA 4.0 license.

Umayyad Mosque

Damascus, Syria

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by Leon Petrosyan distributed under a CC BY-SA 4.0 license.


Cordoba, Spain

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by User:Nikaterdistributed under a CC BY-SA 3.0 license.


Cordoba, Spain

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by Ajay Sureshdistributed under a CC BY 2.0 license.


Cordoba, Spain

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by José Luiz Bernardes Ribeiro distributed under a CC BY-SA 3.0 license.


Cordoba, Spain

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by Ingo Mehling distributed under a CC BY-SA 4.0 license.


Cordoba, Spain

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by Ajay Sureshdistributed under a CC BY 2.0 license.


Cordoba, Spain

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by Sylvain Gimenez distributed under a CC BY-SA 3.0 ES license.


Cordoba, Spain

CSBE et al.

Redrawn by CSBE. Original drawing by Nasser Rabbat.Courtesy of Aga Khan Documenta-tion Center (AKDC@MIT).


Cordoba, Spain

CSBE et al.


Video 6: Great Mosque of Cordoba

https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=13926840






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https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/es/deed.en

https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/es/deed.en

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Cordoba, Spain

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Cordoba, Spain

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Cordoba, Spain

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Cordoba, Spain

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Cordoba, Spain

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Cordoba, Spain

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Cordoba, Spain

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Isfahan, Iran

AKDC@MIT

Photograph by Daniel C. Waugh. Courtesy of Aga Khan Documenta-tion Center (AKDC@MIT).


Isfahan, Iran

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by User:Hamidespanani distributed under a CC BY-SA 4.0 license.


Qayrawan, Tunisia

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by User:YiTe LAI distributed under a CC BY-SA 2.0 license.


Isfahan, Iran

AKDC@MIT



Isfahan, Iran

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by Alireza Javaheri distributed under a CC BY 3.0 license.


Isfahan, Iran

Fine Arts Library, Harvard University

Photograph by Marie-Thérèse Ullens de Schooten. Courtesy of Special Collections, Fine Arts Library, Harvard University.


Isfahan, Iran

AKDC@MIT



Isfahan, Iran

CSBE et al.

Redrawn by CSBE. Original drawing by Eric Shroeder. Courtesy of Special Collections, Fine Arts Library, Harvard University.


Isfahan, Iran

CSBE et al.



Isfahan, Iran

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Isfahan, Iran

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Isfahan, Iran

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Video 7: Great Mosque of Isfahan






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http://id.lib.harvard.edu/images/olvwork632938/catalog





Mosque and Madrasah of Sultan Hasan

Cairo, Egypt

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by Dennis Jarvis distributed under a CC BY-SA 2.0 license.


Cairo, Egypt

Aga Khan Trust for Culture

Photograph by Gary Otte. Courtesy of Aga Khan Trust for Culture.


Cairo, Egypt

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by User:Baldiridistributed under a CC BY-SA 3.0 license.


Cairo, Egypt

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by Mohammed Moussa distributed under a CC BY-SA 3.0 license.


Cairo, Egypt

AKDC@MIT

Photograph by Philippe Saad. Courtesy of Aga Khan Documenta-tion Center (AKDC@MIT).


Cairo, Egypt

Wikimedia Commons



Cairo, Egypt

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by User:Djehouty distributed under a CC BY-SA 4.0 license.


Cairo, Egypt

AKDC@MIT

Photograph by Philippe Saad. Courtesy of Aga Khan Documenta-tion Center, (AKDC@MIT).


Cairo, Egypt

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by Zangaki Brothers. Public domain in several countries.


Cairo, Egypt

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by User:Djehouty distributed under a CC BY-SA 4.0 license.


Cairo, Egypt

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by Ahmed Mohi El din distributed under a CC BY-SA 3.0 license.


Cairo, Egypt

AKDC@MIT

Photograph by Vivek Agrawal and Sonit Bafna, courtesy of Aga Khan Documentation Center (AKDC@MIT).

Video 8: Mosque and Madrasah of Sultan Hasan

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Flickr_-_archer10_%28Dennis%29_-_Egypt-13A-061.jpg



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Cairo, Egypt

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Cairo, Egypt

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Cairo, Egypt

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Cairo, Egypt

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Cairo, Egypt

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Cairo, Egypt

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Masjid-i Shah

Isfahan, Iran

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph byUser:Patrickringgenberg distributed under a CC BY-SA 3.0 license.


Isfahan, Iran

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by Alireza Javaheridistributed under a CC BY 3.0 license.


Cairo, Egypt

Wikimedia Commons


Masjid-i Shah

Isfahan, Iran

AKDC@MIT



Cairo, Egypt

Wikimedia Commons


Masjid-i Shah

Isfahan, Iran

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph Ahmad Jamali Moghaddam distributed under a CC BY-SA 4.0 license.

Masjid-i Shah

Isfahan, Iran

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by NicolasHadjisavvas distributed under aCC BY 2.5 license.

Masjid-i Shah

Isfahan, Iran

AKDC@MIT


Masjid-i Shah

Isfahan, Iran

AKDC@MIT

Photograph by Khosrow Bozorgi. Courtesy of Aga Khan Documenta-tion Center (AKDC@MIT).

Masjid-i Shah

Isfahan, Iran

AKDC@MIT


Masjid-i Shah

Isfahan, Iran

CSBE et al.

Redrawn by CSBE from a plan by Keith Turner after an original by Henri Stierlin, courtesy of Aga Khan Documentation Center (AKDC@MIT).

Masjid-i Shah

Isfahan, Iran

CSBE et al.


Video 9: Masjid-i Shah

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Masjid-i Shah

Isfahan, Iran

CSBE et al.


Masjid-i Shah

Isfahan, Iran

CSBE et al.


Masjid-i Shah

Isfahan, Iran

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Qayrawan, Tunisia

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by Chuck Moravecdistributed under a CC BY 2.0 license.


Isfahan, Iran

Fine Arts Library,Harvard University

Photograph by Marie-Thérèse Ullens de Schooten. Courtesy of Special Collections, Fine Arts Library, Harvard University.


Cairo, Egypt

Wikimedia Commons


Süleymaniye Mosque

Istanbul, Turkey

Wikimedia Commons


Hagia Sophia

Istanbul, Turkey

Fine Arts Library, Harvard University

Photograph by Sébah and Joaillier. Courtesy of Special Collections, Fine Arts Library, Harvard University.

Hagia Sophia

Istanbul, Turkey

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by Steve Evansdistributed under a CC BY 2.0 license.

Selimiye Mosque

Istanbul, Turkey

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by User:Khirashima distributed under a CC BY-SA 4.0 license.

Selimiye Mosque

Istanbul, Turkey

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by Dick Osseman distributed under a CC BY-SA 4.0 license.

Video 10: Central-Dome Mosque

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Coupole_du_mihrab,_Grande_Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Kairouan.jpg














https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Istanbul_036_%286498284165%29.jpg



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Selimiye Mosque

Istanbul, Turkey

Wikimedia Commons


Bust of the architect Sinan

Istanbul, Turkey

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by User:Gryffindor distributed under a CC BY-SA 4.0 license.

Suleymaniye Mosque

Istanbul, Turkey

Wikimedia Commons


Portrait of Sultan Suleyman

Wikimedia Commons

Painting by Nakkas Osman, Suleyman the Magnificent as a young man, Topkapi Palace Museum, Hazine. 1563, folio 47b.Public domain.

Suleymaniye Mosque

Istanbul, Turkey

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by User:Myrabella distributed under a CC BY-SA 3.0 license.

Suleymaniye Mosque

Istanbul, Turkey

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by Josep Renalias distributed under a CC BY-SA 3.0 license.

Suleymaniye Mosque

Istanbul, Turkey

Wikimedia Commons


Suleymaniye Mosque

Istanbul, Turkey

Brooklyn Museum

Photograph by William Henry Goodyear, ‘Mosque of Suleiman I, Istanbul, Turkey, 1903’, Courtesy ofBrooklyn Museum, Goodyear Archival Collection.

Suleymaniye Mosque

Istanbul, Turkey

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by User:Ggia distributed under a CC BY-SA 3.0 license.

Suleymaniye Mosque

Istanbul, Turkey

Wikimedia Commons


Suleymaniye Mosque

Istanbul, Turkey

Library of Congress

‘Süleymaniye Camii mosque, Constantinople, Turkey’, Istanbul Turkey, ca. 1890. Retrieved from the Library of Congress.

Suleymaniye Mosque

Istanbul, Turkey

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by Carlos Delgado distributed under a CC BY-SA 3.0 license.

Video 11: Suleymaniye (Sulaymaniyyah) Mosque




https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sinan_Caferaga_March_2008b.JPG

https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/




https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Semailname_47b.jpg

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cour_mosquee_Suleymaniye_Istanbul.jpg



https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Istanbul_-_Mesquita_de_Solim%C3%A0_-_Porta_de_Muvakkithane.JPG



https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Suleymaniye_Mosque_5427.jpg



https://www.brooklynmuseum.org/opencollection/archives/image/52010

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:20101213_Suleymaniye_Mosque_Istanbul_inside_vertical_Panorama.jpg



https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Suleymaniye_Mosque_1392.jpg



https://www.loc.gov/item/2003653113/

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:S%C3%BCleymaniye_Camii_-_%C4%B0stanbul_%C3%9Cniversitesi_-_Aerial_view.jpg



Suleymaniye Mosque

Istanbul, Turkey

CSBE et al.

Redrawn by CSBE. Original drawing by Arben N. Arapi, courtesy of Gülrü Necipoglu and Aga Khan Documentation Center (AKDC@MIT).

Suleymaniye Mosque

Istanbul, Turkey

CSBE et al.


Suleymaniye Mosque

Istanbul, Turkey

CSBE et al.


Suleymaniye Mosque

Istanbul, Turkey

CSBE et al.


Suleymaniye Mosque

Istanbul, Turkey

CSBE et al.


Suleymaniye Mosque

Istanbul, Turkey

CSBE et al.


Suleymaniye Mosque

Istanbul, Turkey

CSBE et al.


Suleymaniye Mosque

Istanbul, Turkey

CSBE et al.


Suleymaniye Mosque

Istanbul, Turkey

CSBE et al.


Suleymaniye Mosque

Istanbul, Turkey

CSBE et al.


Suleymaniye Mosque

Istanbul, Turkey

CSBE et al.


Suleymaniye Mosque

Istanbul, Turkey

CSBE et al.













Friday Mosque

Delhi, India

Private collection

Albumen print, unknown photographer, 19th century. Private collection.

Friday Mosque

Delhi, India

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by User:Bikashrd under a CC BY-SA 4.0 license.

Friday Mosque

Delhi, India

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by Nimit Nigam under a CC BY-SA 3.0 license.

Umayyad Mosque

Damascus, Syria

CSBE et al.


Suleymaniye Mosque

Istanbul, Turkey

CSBE et al.



Samarra, Iraq

CSBE et al.

Redrawn by CSBE. Originaldrawing from Wikimedia Commons. Public domain.

Masjid-i Shah

Isfahan, Iran

CSBE et al.

Redrawn by CSBE. Original plan drawn by Keith Turner after Henri Stierlin, courtesy of Aga Khan Documentation Center (AKDC@MIT).

Friday Mosque

Delhi, India

CSBE et al.

Redrawn by CSBE from various sources.

Video 12: Friday Mosque of Delhi


https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Jama_Masjid_-_In_the_Noon.jpg


https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Jama_Maszid.jpg















Umayyad Mosque

Damascus, Syria

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by VyacheslavArgenberg distributed under a CC BY 4.0 license.


Cordoba, Spain

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by User:Schnobby distributed under a CC BY-SA 4.0 license.

Suleymaniye Mosque

Istanbul, Turkey

Wikimedia Commons


Video 13: European Influences: The 18th and 19th centuries

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Damascus%2C_Syria%2C_The_Umayyad_Mosque%2C_The_Great_Mosque_of_Damascus_2.jpg


https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:C%C3%B3rdoba_2014.25.jpg







Nuruosmaniye Mosque

Istanbul, Turkey

Wikimedia Commons


Nuruosmaniye Mosque

Istanbul, Turkey

AKDC@MIT

Photograph by Walter B. Denny.

Nuruosmaniye Mosque

Istanbul, Turkey


Selimiye Mosque

Istanbul, Turkey

Wikimedia Commons


Nuruosmaniye Mosque

Istanbul, Turkey


Nuruosmaniye Mosque

Istanbul, Turkey

AKDC@MIT and Fine Arts Library, Harvard University

Photograph by Sebah and Joaillier. Courtesy of Special Collections, Fine Arts Library, Harvard University.

Nuruosmaniye Mosque

Istanbul, Turkey


Video 14: Nuruosmaniye (Nur ‘Uthmaniyyah) Mosque

















Nusretiye Mosque

Istanbul, Turkey

Wikimedia Commons


Nusretiye Mosque

Istanbul, Turkey


Nusretiye Mosque

Istanbul, Turkey

Flickr

Photograph by Pi István Tóth distributed under a CC BY-NC-SA 2.0 license.

Nusretiye Mosque

Istanbul, Turkey

Wikimedia Commons


Nusretiye Mosque

Istanbul, Turkey

CSBE et al.

Plans redrawn by CSBE fromvarious sources.

Nusretiye Mosque

Istanbul, Turkey

CSBE et al.

Plans redrawn by CSBE fromvarious sources.

Suleymaniye Mosque

Istanbul, Turkey

CSBE et al.

Redrawn by CSBE. Originaldrawing by Arben N. Arapi, courtesy of Gülrü Necipoglu and Aga Khan Documentation Center (AKDC@MIT).

Video 15: Nusretiye (al-Nusratiyyah) Mosque




https://www.flickr.com/photos/cybermacs/31918141334/in/photostream/

https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/

https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/









Al-Husayn Mosque

Cairo, Egypt

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by Tarek Heikaldistributed under a CC BY-SA 4.0 license.

Al-Husayn Mosque

Cairo, Egypt

AKDC@MIT

Photograph by Nasser Rabbat. Courtesy of Aga Khan Documenta-tion Center (AKDC@MIT).

Al-Husayn Mosque

Cairo, Egypt

AKDC@MIT


Al-Husayn Mosque

Cairo, Egypt

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by Warren LeMaydistributed under a CC0 1.0 license.

Al-Husayn Mosque

Cairo, Egypt

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by Martyn Smithdistributed under a CC BY 2.0 license.

Al-Husayn Mosque

Cairo, Egypt

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by User:Casual Builder distributed under a CC BY-SA 3.0 license.

Video 16: Al-Husayn Mosque

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%A9_%D9%88%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AC%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%A9.jpg













https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Al-Hussain_Mosque,_Old_Cairo_al-Q%C4%81hirah,_CG,_EGY_(47122189764).jpg

https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/deed.en

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Madrasa_of_Al-Nasir_Muahmmad_Portal.jpg

https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/

https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Madrasa_of_al-Nasir_Muhammad_overall_front_view.jpg



Mosque of al-Rifa’i

Cairo, Egypt

Wikimedia Commons



Cairo, Egypt

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by Ahmad Badr distributed under a CC BY-SA 3.0 license.


Cairo, Egypt

Wikimedia Commons



Cairo, Egypt


Photograph by Gary Otte. Courtesy of Aga Khan Trust for Culture.

Nusretiye Mosque

Istanbul, Turkey

Wikimedia Commons


Mosque of al-Husayn

Cairo, Egypt

AKDC@MIT



Cairo, Egypt

CSBE et al.Redrawn by CSBE. Original drawing from Wikimedia Commons and Max Herz, ‘La Mosquée el-Rifaï au Caire. Paru à l’occasion de la consécration de la mosquée’, Milano: [Imp. Humbert Allegretti], s.d. [1911], p. 8 (plate II), p. 29 (plate X).

Video 17: Mosque of al-Rifa’i

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kairo_Rifai_Moschee_BW_1.jpg



https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Al-Rifa%27i_Mosque_prayer_hall.JPG



https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AC%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%8A.jpg









https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Al-Rifa%2527i_Mosque_floor_plan.JPG

https://books.openedition.org/inha/docannexe/image/4898/img-28-small517.jpg


https://books.openedition.org/inha/docannexe/image/4898/img-28-small517.jpg

University of Baghdad Mosque also known as al-Mustafa Mosque

Baghdad, Iraq

Courtesy of Harvard Art Museums/Busch-Reisinger Museum,Gift of Ise Gropius.

©President and Fellows of Harvard College.

University of Baghdad Mosque also known as al-Mustafa Mosque

Baghdad, Iraq

Photograph by Abdalrahman Alalosi.


Beirut, Lebanon




Beirut, Lebanon




Beirut, Lebanon

CSBE and Aga Khan Award for Architecture

Redrawn by CSBE. Originaldrawing by Jafar Tukan.

Namaz Khaneh, Prayer Pavilion inthe Grounds of the Carpet Museum.

Tehran, Iran


Courtesy of Kamran Diba.

Namaz Khaneh, Prayer Pavilion inthe Grounds of the Carpet Museum.

Tehran, Iran

CSBE

Drawing by CSBE.

London Central Mosque

London, UK

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by Asim Saleem distributed under a CC BY-SA 3.0 license.

London Central Mosque

London, UK

AKDC@MIT

Photograph by Michael A. Toler.

Great Mosque of Kuwait

Kuwait, Kuwait


Photograph by Makiya Associates.

Prototypical Modern Mosque

CSBE

Drawing by CSBE.

Video 18: The Modern Mosque

Courtesy of the Aga Khan Documentation Center (AKDC@MIT).

https://harvardartmuseums.org/collections/object/50461















https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:London_Central_Mosque_2.jpg












Rome Islamic Cultural Center

Rome, Italy


Photograph by Aldo Ippoliti.Courtesy of Aga Khan Trust for Culture.





Video 19: Mosque Architecture and The Aga Khan Award for Architecture



































Suleymaniye Mosque

Istanbul, Turkey

Library of Congress

Photograph by Sébah & Joaillier,‘Intérieur de la Mosquée Suleymanié’, Istanbul, Turkey, between 1888 and 1910. Courtesy of the Library of Congress.









Sultan Ahmed Mosque

Istanbul, Turkey

Getty Research Institute

Photograph by Sébah & Joaillier. Courtesy of the Getty’s Open Content Program.

Video 20: Sherefudin’s White Mosque





















https://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2003688287/

https://primo.getty.edu/permalink/f/mlc5om/GETTY_ROSETTAIE2903910


Niono, Mali








Niono, Mali


Photograph by Kamran Adle.Courtesy of Aga Khan Trust for Culture.


Niono, Mali




Niono, Mali




Niono, Mali







Video 21: Great Mosque of Niono
































Niono, Mali







Yaama Mosque

Yaama, Niger



Said Naum Mosque

Jakarta, Indonesia



Bhong Mosque

Bhong, Pakistan



Said Naum Mosque

Jakarta, Indonesia



Said Naum Mosque

Jakarta, Indonesia



Bhong Mosque

Bhong, Pakistan



Bhong Mosque

Bhong, Pakistan



Bhong Mosque

Bhong, Pakistan



Bhong Mosque

Bhong, Pakistan



Video 22: Yaama Mosque, Said Naum Mosque, Bhong Mosque

Bhong Mosque

Bhong, Pakistan





























































Portrait of Robert Venturi

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by Todd Sheridan distributed under a CC BY-SA 2.0 license.

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Robert_Venturi_2008_Rome_%28cropped%29.jpg





Corniche Mosque




Corniche Mosque




Portrait of Hassan Fathy


Photograph by Christopher Little. Courtesy of Aga Khan Trust for Culture.

Hamed Said House

Cairo, Egypt


Photograph by Chant Avedissian. Courtesy of Aga Khan Trust for Culture.

Corniche Mosque




al-Ashrafiyyah complex

Taiz, Yemen


Courtesy of Aga Khan Trust for Culture.

Bhong Mosque

Bhong, Pakistan



Corniche Mosque




Corniche Mosque









Niono, Mali



Yaama Mosque

Yaama, Niger



Video 23: Corniche Mosque


















































Said Naum Mosque

Jakarta, Indonesia








Timber Modular Mosque

Pahang, Malaysia


Photograph by K.L. Ng.Courtesy of Aga Khan Trust for Culture.


Pahang, Malaysia



Said Naum Mosque

Jakarta, Indonesia




Pahang, Malaysia




Pahang, Malaysia




Pahang, Malaysia



Video 24: Timber Modular Mosques Project
























Courtesy of Royal Commission for Riyadh City.


Ankara, Turkey


Photograph by Reha Günay.Courtesy of Aga Khan Trust for Culture.







Photograph from King G.R.D., The Historical Mosques of Saudi Arabia, London; New York, Longman, 1986

The original Friday Mosque and surrounding marketplace


Aramco World

Photograph by T.F. Walters, Courtesy of Aramco World PR Department.




Photograph by Mehmet Karakurt. Courtesy of Aga Khan Trust for Culture.





A Greek house

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by Alan Bron. Public domain.

















Video 25: Great Mosque of Riyadh












https://aramco.merlinone.net/MX/Profiles/en/default/%23/main/featured










https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:A_Greek_house_and_walls_rendered_and_white_washed.jpg


























Courtesy of Rasem Badran and Dar Al Omran.



CSBE et al.

Redrawn by CSBE. Original plan by Rasem Badran and Dar Al Omran.



CSBE et al.

Redrawn by CSBE. Original plan by Rasem Badran and Dar Al Omran.


Cairo, Egypt

CSBE et al.


Masjid-i Shah

Isfahan, Iran

CSBE et al.

































Courtesy of Royal Commission for Riyadh City.


Ankara, Turkey




Ankara, Turkey




Ankara, Turkey

CSBE et al.

Redrawn by CSBE. Original drawing by Çinici Architects.

Masjid-i Shah

Isfahan, Iran

CSBE et al.

Redrawn by CSBE. Original drawing by Keith Turner after Henri Stierlin, courtesy of Aga Khan Documentation Center (AKDC@MIT).



CSBE et al.

Redrawn by CSBE. Original drawing by Rasem Badran and Dar Al Omran.


Ankara, Turkey

CSBE et al.

Redrawn by CSBE. Original drawing by Çinici Architects.


Ankara, Turkey


Photograph by Reha Günay. Courtesy of Aga Khan Trust for Culture.


Ankara, Turkey




Ankara, Turkey




Ankara, Turkey



Video 26: Grand National Assembly Mosque



https://www.rcrc.gov.sa/ada_e%3Fi%3D1

https://www.rcrc.gov.sa/ada_e%3Fi%3D1












































Rome Mosque and Islamic Cultural Center

Rome, Italy


Photograph by Aldo Ippoliti. Courtesy of Aga Khan Trust for Culture.

Suleymaniye Mosque

Istanbul, Turkey

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by Carlos Delgado distributed under a CC BY-SA 3.0 license.


Rome, Italy




Rome, Italy

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by User:Lalupa. Public domain.

Royal Church of San Lorenzo

Turin, Italy

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by User:Livioandronico2013 distributed under a CC BY-SA 4.0 license.


Rome, Italy



Video 27: Rome Mosque and Islamic Cultural Center


Cordoba, Spain

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by José Luiz Bernardes Ribeiro distributed under a CC BY-SA 3.0 license.






https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:S%25C3%25BCleymaniye_Camii_-_%25C4%25B0stanbul_%25C3%259Cniversitesi_-_Aerial_view.jpg%3Fuselang%3Dfr








https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Moschea_-_sala_principale_3082-6.JPG





https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:San_Lorenzo_%28Turin%29_-_Dome_interior.jpg








https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dome_-_Mihrab_-_La_Mezquita_-_C%25C3%25B3rdoba.JPG


Pearl Mosque

Lahore, Pakistan


Photograph by Has-Saan Gardezi. Courtesy of Aga Khan Trust for Culture.

Pearl Mosque

Lahore, Pakistan



Pearl Mosque

Lahore, Pakistan



Pearl Mosque

Lahore, Pakistan



Pearl Mosque

Lahore, Pakistan



Pearl Mosque

Lahore, Pakistan




Ankara, Turkey







Pearl Mosque

Lahore, Pakistan

CSBE et al.

Redrawn by CSBE. Originaldrawing by Arcop Associates (Ramesh Khosla, Yawar Jilani, and Mahboob Khan).

Pearl Mosque

Lahore, Pakistan

CSBE et al.

Redrawn by CSBE. Original drawing by Arcop Associates (Ramesh Khosla, Yawar Jilani, and Mahboob Khan).

Pearl Mosque

Lahore, Pakistan

CSBE et al.


Pearl Mosque

Lahore, Pakistan

CSBE et al.


Video 28: Pearl Mosque










































Pearl Mosque

Lahore, Pakistan

CSBE et al.






Al Medy Mosque



Photograph by Satprem Maïni. Courtesy of Auroville Earth Institute.


Pahang, Malaysia



Al Medy Mosque



Photograph by Satprem Maïni. Courtesy of Auroville EarthInstitute.

Al Medy Mosque



Photograph by Mehmet Karakurt. Courtesy of Aga Khan Award for Architecture.

Al Medy Mosque



Photograph by Satprem Maïni. Courtesy Auroville Earth Institute.

Al Medy Mosque




Al Medy Mosque




Al Medy Mosque




Video 29: Al Medy Mosque

























Chandgaon Mosque



Photograph by B.K.S. Inan.Courtesy of Aga Khan Trust for Culture.

Al-Medy Mosque









Ankara, Turkey



Pearl Mosque

Lahore, Pakistan



Chandgaon Mosque




Chandgaon Mosque




Chandgaon Mosque




Chandgaon Mosque




Chandgaon Mosque



Photograph by Kashef Mahboob Chowdhury.

Chandgaon Mosque




Chandgaon Mosque




Lecture 30: Chandgaon Mosque











































Chandgaon Mosque




Chandgaon Mosque




Chandgaon Mosque




Chandgaon Mosque


CSBE et al.

Redrawn by CSBE. Originaldrawing by Kashef Mahboob Chowdhury/URBANA.

Chandgaon Mosque


CSBE et al.


Chandgaon Mosque


CSBE et al.


Chandgaon Mosque


CSBE et al.


Chandgaon Mosque


CSBE et al.

































Altach Islamic Cemetery

Vorarlberg, Austria




Vorarlberg, Austria




Vorarlberg, Austria



Mosque and Islamic Cultural Centre

Rome, Italy


Photograph by Aldo Ippoliti.Courtesy of Aga Khan Trust for Culture.

Chandgaon Mosque





Vorarlberg, Austria




Vorarlberg, Austria




Vorarlberg, Austria




Vorarlberg, Austria



Suleymaniye Mosque

Istanbul, Turkey

Wikimedia Commons

Photograph by User:Ggiadistributed under a CC BY-SA 3.0 license.


Vorarlberg, Austria




Vorarlberg, Austria

CSBE et al.

Redrawn by CSBE. Original drawing by Bernardo Bader Architekten.

Video 31: Altach Islamic Cemetery












































https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:20101213_Suleymaniye_Mosque_Istanbul_inside_vertical_Panorama.jpg











Vorarlberg, Austria

CSBE et al.

Redrawn by CSBE. Original drawing by Bernardo Bader Architekten.



Bayt al-Ra’uf Mosque

Dhaka, Bangladesh


Photograph by Rajesh Vora.Courtesy of Aga Khan Trust for Culture.

Chandgaon Mosque





Dhaka, Bangladesh




Dhaka, Bangladesh




Dhaka, Bangladesh




Dhaka, Bangladesh




Dhaka, Bangladesh




Dhaka, Bangladesh




Dhaka, Bangladesh

CSBE et al.

Redrawn by CSBE. Originaldrawing by Marina Tabassum Architects.


Dhaka, Bangladesh

CSBE et al.



Dhaka, Bangladesh

CSBE et al.



Dhaka, Bangladesh

CSBE et al.


Video 32: Bayt al-Ra’uf (Bait Ur Rouf) Mosque

































The Architecture of the Mosque: Historical Roots and ...

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