The Arab-Israeli Conflict
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The Arab-Israeli Conflict
A Big Problem In The Middle East
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1077-997 BCJewish Control of Holy Land
• Kingdoms of ___• Jews lived in an ___– The state is referred
to as the ___• ___and the holiest
city in Judaism
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37 BCRoman Control of Holy Land
Kingdoms of ___Jews lived in a state
___In 134 AD, Jews were
kicked out of the Holy LandMany ended up in ___
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634Byzantine Control of Holy Land
Mohammed, the greatest prophet of Islam, ___
Jerusalem becomes the ___
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638Arab Control of Holy Land
• ___, under the banner of Islam, take control of the Holy Land as well as the Middle East and North Africa
• Many Arabs in the Holy Land ___
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1100Muslim and Crusader Control of Holy Land
Without an independent state of their own, ___ continue to live in the Holy Land
Jews under the rule of either the ___
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1500Ottoman Control of Holy Land
By the 1500s the Islamic Ottoman Empire controlled the Holy Land
Although Jews paid special taxes, they continued ___by the Ottoman government
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1897Weak Ottoman Control of Holy Land
In response to the anti-Semitic attitudes of Europe, ___– Its goal was to create a ___
After his death, Herzl’s predecessor, Chaim Weizmann befriended the British statesman ___
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1897Weak Ottoman Control of Holy Land
Balfour came to support the Zionist movement and in 1917 ___
It stated that the English government would ___ in the Holy Land, now called Palestine
Also stated that the ___in Palestine must be upheld
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1920British Control of Holy Land• After WWI, the victorious Allies
dismantled and ___– Great Britain took the ___
• Great Britain tried to please both sides in Palestine– They had a natural tendency to support
the Zionists as they ___– The British did try to control the ___to
Palestine– This was impossible ___
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1920British Control of Holy Land
As the population of Jews surpassed the population of Arabs, Jews saw the control of Palestine ___
The influx of Jews to the Arab Palestinians was seen as ___
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1947United Nations Control of Holy Land
• ___into a Jewish settlement zone and an Arab- only zone did not work– ___between Arabs and Jews
in Palestine• Unable to find a solution,
Britain ___
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The UN’s 1947 Partition Plan
The UN decided to divide the territory into the Arab country of ___
Although passed by the UN, ___Palestinians and the Arab nations of the Middle East
Supported by the United States and Europe, ___
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Arab States AttackUpset at what was seen as a
foreign power in the holy land, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, and Syria ___
Israel, supported by the US, ___– Israel took ___– The Gaza strip went ___– The West Bank went ___
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The 1956 Suez CrisisIn 1956 Egypt’s leader Nasser ___Outraged, the British and French
made a deal with Israel to ___Pressure from the US and USSR
forced Israel, France, and Britain ___
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The 1967 Six Day WarNasser closed off Israel’s outlet to the
Red Sea and convinced other Arab states to ___
Fearing attack, Israel struck airfields in ___
Within 6 days Israel won taking the ___
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The Palestinian Liberation Organization
• Palestinians disillusioned with the Arab States’ ___formed the Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO) led by ___– Rejected the idea of an
___– Continued to fight the
Israelis
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The 1973 Yom Kippur War
• Nasser’s successor Anwar Sadat launched a surprise attack against Israel on their ___
• For a couple of days the Egyptians and Syrians had the advantage ___
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Peace Between Israel and Egypt in 1978
Sadat knowing that he could not defeat the US-supported Israel ___– Even flew to Jerusalem to ___
In 1978 President Carter met with Israeli Prime minister ___– The US promised billions of aid to both
countries ___
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Peace Between Israel and Egypt in 1978
In 1979 Begin and Sadat ___– Israel returned the ___– Egypt recognized ___
Egypt was considered an ___
Sadat was ___
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An Attempt at Peace
• ___erupts in 1987• Sick of the fighting on
both sides Arafat and Israeli Prime minister Yitzhak Rabin ___
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The Oslo Peace Accords
• Palestinians would ___• Israel would stop building
settlements in the West Bank and ___– Peace process hindered
when Rabin was ___
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The Peace Attempt FailsAfter the assassination of Rabin the ___In 2000 Palestinians rejected the final Israeli
offer and ___Arafat called for ___The Israeli people responded by ___
– In June 2003 Bush meets with Arab leaders to discuss ___Calls for ___
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The Peace Attempt Fails• After numerous suicide bombings Israel began
constructing ___– Palestinians suffer because it separates them from
some of their farmland• In 2004 ___– Mahmoud Abbas takes over as ___
• In 2005 Israel ___– ___ and is replaced by Ehud Olmert
• ___takes control of Gaza in 2006
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