The Arab Conquest and the High Caliphate. I.Introduction Rise of the Arab Empire.
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Transcript of The Arab Conquest and the High Caliphate. I.Introduction Rise of the Arab Empire.
![Page 1: The Arab Conquest and the High Caliphate. I.Introduction Rise of the Arab Empire.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062217/5697bfd71a28abf838cae873/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Arab Conquest and the High Caliphate
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I. Introduction
Rise of the Arab Empire
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II. The Evolution of the Early Caliphate
A. The First Succession Crisis1. Abu Bakr (r. 632-634)
2. Umar (634-644)
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III. Conquest of the Byzantine Middle East
A. Syria1. Yarmuk (636)
2. Jerusalem (637)
B. Egypt
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IV. Destruction of the Persian Empire
A. Qadisiyah (637)
B. Persia Defeated (651)
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V. Why Successful?
A. Jihad?
B. Mobility
C. Exhausted Enemies
D. Religious Discontent and Muslim Tolerance
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VI. Succession Crises
A. The First Fitnah1. Uthman (r. 644-656)
2. Muhammed Ali (r. 656-661)– Battle of the Camel (656)
– Battle of Siffin (657)
3. Mu'awiyah (r. 661-680)
4. Yazid (r. 680-683)
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VII. The Umayyad Dynasty (661-750)
A. The Solidification of Umayyad Power1. The Second Fitnah
2. Abd al-Malik (r. 685-705)b. Rationalized Administration
a. Dome of the Rock Mosque
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VII. The Umayyad Dynasty (661-750)
B. New Conquests1. North Africa and Spain
2. Central Asia, China, and India
3. The Byzantine Empire
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VII. The Umayyad Dynasty (661-750)
C. Tax Reform and the Growth of Islam1. Pact of Umar
D. Demise of the Umayyad Dynasty
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VIII. The Abbasid Dynasty (750-1258)
A. Founding1. Baghdad
B. The Arab Empire's Golden Age: Harun al-Rashid (r. 786-809)
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The Arab Conquests
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Greek Fire
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IX. Conclusion
• Continuity
• Change