7/21/2019 The Application of 3D Modelling in Biofluid Mechanics Poster

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The Application of 3D Modelling in BiofluidMechanicsIvan Dogan, Faculty of Engineering, University of Rijeka, Croatia, ivan2dogan@gmail.com

Sven Maricic, Faculty of Engineering, University of Rijeka, Croatia, sven@riscience.eu

Lado Kranjcevic, Faculty of Engineering, University of Rijeka, Croatia, lado.kranjcevic@riteh.hr

 Ana Pilipovic, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Zagreb, Croatia

Daniela KovacevicPavicic, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Croatia

INTRODUCTION

CFD IN BIOFLUID MECHANICS

In modern engineering the development of computer simulations isessential. Fast computer development has enabled more precisemodelling and analysis of anatomical models and the presentation ofdifferent pathologies.

One of the topics that is getting more and more attention today is theanalysis of the condition of blood vessels and blood circulation in thehuman body in general.

Blocking of blood vessels is one of the factors that may directly lead toheart attack. Computer software for 3D modelling such as SolidWorksor Blender can be used to develop models that may then be analysedby one of the standard computational fluid dynamics (CFD) softwaresuch as Fluent or OpenFoam.

The flow of blood in the circulatory system is of extremely pulsating

character [1]. The cause of pulsation comes from the heart which

pumps the blood through blood vessels by contracting and expanding,

i.e. by pulsating. Blood vessels can be approximated by a model

(Figure 1)of viscoelastic tube of variable diameter and physical

properties of the wall.

Flow in the same carotid artery but with stenosis is also modeled and

shown in Figure 3. Velocity field comparison of the two cases shows

quite different velocity pattern with strong pressure drop and velocity

increase in narrow part with stenosis. This flow obstacle causes

disturbed flow to propagate into both internal and external artery

causing also change in volume flow ratio between the branching

arteries.

 Application of the CFD tool gives as velocity and pressure field in the

region of interest and with the desired detail, being totally noninvasive

at the same time. With the use of CFD we can also predict disease

propagation by numerically simulating the arterial stenosis grow in

time and analyzing future change in flow pattern as the flow obstacle

grows. This way clinicians can make decisions more easily and set

the time frame for future procedures.

CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

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seminar,Faculty of Engineering, University of Rijeka

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Hill

CFD IN BIOFLUID MECHANICS

It is known that Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is responsible for

most of the deaths in patients with cardiovascular diseases. Stenosis

severity is diagnostically proven by angiography analysis.

 Angiography gives main anatomical insight into the cardiovascular

system. The functional or physiological significance is more valuable

than the anatomical significance of CAD. Functional severity of the

stenosis is usually diagnosed by the invasive clinical measurement of

the pressure drop and flow.

This work studied the flow pattern in the carotid artery. In Figure 2

normal carotid artery flow is shown. Figure shows velocity vectors

shaded according to their magnitude. Computational fluid mechanics

simulation shows precise blood flow pattern.

Figure 1. Numerical analysis of blood f low computed with ANSYS Fluent

[2]. Material is an anisotropic hyperelastic tissue [1]

Figure 3. Carotid artery with

stenosis

Figure 2. Normal carotid artery

Plaque deposition on the vessel wall significantly reduces the blood

flow rate. The consequences are different, and one of them is the risk

of various kinds of cardiovascular diseases. Flow simulation results in

two similar carotid arteries – normal artery and artery with stenosis is

compared. Velocity field comparison shows quite different velocity

pattern with strong pressure drop and velocity i ncrease in narrow part

with stenosis. This flow obstacle causes change in volume flow ratio

between the branching arteries.

 ACKNOWLEDGMENT

This work is part of the research financed by the project IPA III c  –

 Additive Technologies for the SMEs – AdTecSME . The authors wouldlike to thank the European Union and the Ministry for the financing ofthis project.