THE ANSWER MY FRIEND IS BLOWIN'fmispace.fmi.fi › fileadmin › EXOMARS_WS_SAARISELKA17 ›...
Transcript of THE ANSWER MY FRIEND IS BLOWIN'fmispace.fmi.fi › fileadmin › EXOMARS_WS_SAARISELKA17 ›...
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F. Montmessin, M. Patel, F. Forget, D. Bruneau, D. Coscia, T. Fouchet, J.-M. Reess, P.
Bernardi, S. Lewis,
C. Flamant, A. Spiga, A. Määttanen, Chris Howe, G. Déprez, T. Bertrand, L. Kerber, S.
Maurice, M. Kahre,
J. Abshire, A. Vasavada, R. Lorenz, B., Faure, M.-S. Clerc, P. Sengenes, P. Gilbert, J- B.
Madeleine.
PI: Franck Montmessin
Authorizing Offic
i
al:
Danièle Hauser,
director of LATMOS laboratory
THE MARTIAN
WIND PROFILER
MARs Boundary Layer Lidar
1
THE ANSWER
MY FRIEND
IS BLOWIN' IN THE WIND
PI: Franck Montmessin
Authorizing Offic
i
al:
Danièle Hauser,
director of LATMOS laboratory
THE MARTIAN
WIND PROFILER
MARs Boundary Layer Lidar
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Problem: Measure winds on Mars
Lander anemometers
Even networks remain at the surface
Difficult mesospheric wind measurements by Earth-based heterodyne spectroscopy (mm + IR)
Low pressure > baloons
Knowledge = model predictions but models remain to be validated
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Key motivation: mission design EDL
Horizontal wind
Updrafts and downdrafts in the planetary boundary layer
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On Earth: LIDAR used routinely and available as commercial products to monitor wind shear and turbulence above airports and in the
wind farms industry.
On Mars: easier than on Earth! Ubiquitous dust particles which are highly reflective
Negligible scaterring by the atmopsheric gas
A solution: doppler wind LIDAR
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Speed aerosols = wind speed
Doppler shift > wind speed along the line of sight
Doppler LIDAR principle
Aerosols
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LIDARS already used on Mars
0,4 mJ/shot
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Re-use the ChemCam LASER
Made by Thales Toulouse
Nd-YAG
1064nm
30 mJ/shot !!!
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Prototype of the MARs Boundary Layer Lidar (MARBLL)
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Problem: Frequency stable ?
Temperature variations
Pressure variations
Shocks
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The solution: Mach-Zender interferometer
Two-wave interference 4 channels in phase quadrature to
maximize Dynamic range (+/- 272 m/s)
Differential measurement between received and emitted laser beams
Little to no temperature/vibrations influence
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MARBLL prototype measurements made at 45° elevation angle and compared with balloon radio soundings performed at the same time (Bruneau et al. 2013)
MARBLL prototype test campaign
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MARBLL Instrument (exploded view)
proposed for Mars 2020 rover 7cm
Telescope
Mach Zhender Interfero-meter
Scanning miror
Laser unit 1064 nm, 30 mJ • 10 pulses /s
Main electronic
MARBLL for MSL 2020
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L anded&Science&Payload&D/80637&M ars&2020& September&18,&2013&
Mars%2020%Proposal%Information%Package% 13%
%
Figure&2/5.&M ars&2020&L anded&Configuration&/&Fully&Deployed&Rover .&
2.3! M ission&Software&Overview&
The%Mars%2020%mission%system%software%refers%to%all%of%the%spacecraft%flight%software%(FSW)%hosted%on%the%
rover%compute%element%(RCE)%as%well%as%all%ground%data%system%(GDS)%software%that%will%be%used%to%
support%the%science%mission.%The%FSW%will%include%the%necessary%functionality%to%support%onboard%
instrument%operations,%activities,%and%data%collection.%The%GDS%software%includes%both%the%software%
functionality%for%planning%rover%activities%and%for%processing%and%displaying%received%science%and%health%
data%(including%remote%participation%by%instrument%operations%teams).%The%instrument%flight%software%
(IFSW)%refers%to%software%running%inside%an%instrument’s%dedicated%compute%element.%The%IFSW,%and%any%
unique,%PINsupplied%instrument%data%analysis%software%is%not%considered%part%of%the%mission%system%
software.%Figure%2N6%provides%a%context%diagram.%
Mast%
Turret%
Internal%Rover%
Volume%
%
%
Azimuthalsectors&mirroreleva on
InternalRover
Volume
30
210
60
240
90
270
120
300
150
330
180 0
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
67.5°
90°
45°
45°
180° 0°
90°
Accomodation
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1
1.5
30
210
60
240
90
270
120
300
150
330
180 0
Used sectors for laser shots and zenithal angle associated
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
Field of view And field of shoot
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Time (s)
Altitu
de (k
m)
0 500 1 0000.2
1
2
3
4
5
-8
-5
0
5
10
Time (s)
Alt
itu
de
(km
)
0 100 200 300 4000.2
1
2
3
4
5
-5
0
5
10
0 200 400 Time (s)
3
2
1
0.2
0 200 400 Time (s)
3
2
1
0.2
Alt
itu
de
(km
)
Alt
itu
de
(km
)
“True” vertical wind (LES model)
Time (s)
Alt
itu
de
(km
)
0 100 200 300 4000.2
1
2
3
4
5
-5
0
5
10
Win
d sp
ee
d (m
/s)
Vertical wind as "seen" by MARBLL
MODE #1: Vertical shoot Convective Vertical wind "images"
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MODE #2: Conical scan Measuring the mean horizontal wind
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Alt
itu
de
(km
)
Wind speed (m/s) / direction (°) 3 conical scans (720 s) separated by 6 ‘
MODE #2: Conical scan Measuring the mean horizontal wind
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300 m
2 pm / worst convective case
MODE #3: Low elevation souding at 5° elevation Snapshots” of surface wind gust
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300 m
2 pm / worst convective case
MODE #3: Low elevation souding at 5° elevation Snapshots” of surface wind gust
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Cloud detection (1000 shots ~100 s integration)
15 m (raw) 45 m average 1 km average
1-σ confidence level
3-σ
Altitude (km)
MODE #4: Classical LIDAR operation
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Performance simulation
1
2
2
1
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A large scientific community
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Other solution ?
From the orbit: MARLI
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Thank you for your
attention !
Any questions ?