The American Revolution
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The Americ an Revolu tion 1754- 1791 isenhower High School
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Transcript of The American Revolution
The Americ
an Revolu
tion1754-1791
Eisenhower High School
Britain and the Colonies
Voting in AmericaEngland Asserts
Control-War
-TaxesThe Shot Heard Round the World
America Declares
IndependenceThe Declaration of
Independence-Colonial GrievancesAmerican Leaders
Unite-George
Washington-Thomas JeffersonThe Final Battle
The New GovernmentThe Articles of Confederation
The ConstitutionThe Bill of Rights
Hallooooooo?!?For almost a
century Great Britain had left the American Colonies to
govern themselves.
The neglect and great distance
made it hard for Britain to keep control of the
colonies.
3,000 Miles
Britain and the Colonies
Voting in AmericaEngland Asserts
Control-War
-TaxesThe Shot Heard Round the World
America Declares
IndependenceThe Declaration of
Independence-Colonial
GrievancesAmerican Leaders
Unite-George
Washington-Thomas JeffersonThe Final Battle
The New GovernmentThe Articles of Confederation
The ConstitutionThe Bill of Rights
So…Who Really Had Control? England had its own problems in dealing with other European countries. Officials were sent from England to keep tabs on the colonists.
•Governors from London•Each governor selected 6 citizens to delegate
Colonists were also allowed to elect their own local officials.
•Up to 15 local plantation owners and businessmen.
Eligibility for voting was based on 3 factors: -Age -Gender -Landownership
Britain and the Colonies
Voting in AmericaEngland Asserts
Control-War
-TaxesThe Shot Heard Round the World
America Declares
IndependenceThe Declaration of
Independence-Colonial GrievancesAmerican Leaders
Unite-George
Washington-Thomas JeffersonThe Final Battle
The New GovernmentThe Articles of Confederation
The ConstitutionThe Bill of Rights
France, Indians, and Everyone Else
-With tensions tight, another war broke out, the Seven Years’ War (1754-1763). A.K.A.---The French and Indian War—a struggle for dominance in Europe and the Americas.
•The French lost the war, and territories changed hands.•After years of war, huge debts were amassed.
The War of Austrian Succession between Frederick the Great and Maria Theresa caused divisions in Europe:
Great Britain allied with Prussia.France, Austria, and Russia stuck together.
Britain and the Colonies
Voting in AmericaEngland Asserts
Control-War
-TaxesThe Shot Heard Round the World
America Declares
IndependenceThe Declaration of
Independence-Colonial GrievancesAmerican Leaders
Unite-George
Washington-Thomas JeffersonThe Final Battle
The New GovernmentThe Articles of Confederation
The ConstitutionThe Bill of Rights
The Battle’s Done, the Victory’s Won, So Who Gets the
Bill? Hello, America!
New Taxes! -Sugar Act--1764 -Stamp Act--1765 -Tea Act--1773New Laws with Soldiers to Enforce them!Colonists were given no representation. -Laws made in England without consideration of American feelings. -Translation? American Colonists are NOT Happy!
Britain and the Colonies
Voting in AmericaEngland Asserts
Control-War
-TaxesThe Shot Heard Round the World
America Declares
IndependenceThe Declaration of
Independence-Colonial GrievancesAmerican Leaders
Unite-George
Washington-Thomas JeffersonThe Final Battle
The New GovernmentThe Articles of Confederation
The ConstitutionThe Bill of Rights
Talk About Backfire!American Colonists Protest! -Boston Massacre, 1770
•American colonists gathered outside the courthouse•British troops and colonists clashed•5 Americans were killed, was it really a massacre?
-Boston Tea Party, 1773
•After the Tea Act, the drink became too expensive•Colonists refused to purchase the tea and British trade ships refused to leave Boston Harbor•Sons of Liberty snuck on board 3 British ships and dumped 342 chests of tea into the harbor•Stronger divisions developed in the colonies
Britain and the Colonies
Voting in AmericaEngland Asserts
Control-War
-TaxesThe Shot Heard Round the World
America Declares
IndependenceThe Declaration of
Independence-Colonial GrievancesAmerican Leaders
Unite-George
Washington-Thomas JeffersonThe Final Battle
The New GovernmentThe Articles of Confederation
The ConstitutionThe Bill of Rights
One if by Land, Two if by SeaColonists Prepare for a Confrontation -Gathering of weapons and supplies -Communication links were set up The British Discover the Intrigue -April 1775-They knew weapons were stored in Lexington and Concord -Paul Revere and others spread the word by displaying lanterns & the famous midnight rideInterception -As the British closed in, colonial militia met them in the fields -This was the first armed conflict—the American Revolution had begun!
Britain and the Colonies
Voting in AmericaEngland Asserts
Control-War
-TaxesThe Shot Heard Round the World
America Declares
IndependenceThe Declaration of
Independence-Colonial GrievancesAmerican Leaders
Unite-George
Washington-Thomas JeffersonThe Final Battle
The New GovernmentThe Articles of Confederation
The ConstitutionThe Bill of Rights
You Say You Want a
Revolution…
Britain and the Colonies
Voting in AmericaEngland Asserts
Control-War
-TaxesThe Shot Heard Round the World
America Declares
IndependenceThe Declaration of
Independence-Colonial GrievancesAmerican Leaders
Unite-George
Washington-Thomas JeffersonThe Final Battle
The New GovernmentThe Articles of Confederation
The ConstitutionThe Bill of Rights
The American Nation is Born
Britain and the Colonies
Voting in AmericaEngland Asserts
Control-War
-TaxesThe Shot Heard Round the World
America Declares
IndependenceThe Declaration of
Independence-Colonial GrievancesAmerican Leaders
Unite-George
Washington-Thomas JeffersonThe Final Battle
The New GovernmentThe Articles of Confederation
The ConstitutionThe Bill of Rights
Hear Ye, Hear Ye…We Have a Declaration!
From the Continental Congress, July 4th, 1776 in Philadelphia: -Scribed by Thomas Jefferson
•Influenced by John Locke’s natural rights•Created the unalienable rights (individual rights)
-A document which listed grievances, or complaints, against King George III and declared independence for the colonies
Britain and the Colonies
Voting in AmericaEngland Asserts
Control-War
-TaxesThe Shot Heard Round the World
America Declares
IndependenceThe Declaration of
Independence-Colonial GrievancesAmerican Leaders
Unite-George
Washington-Thomas JeffersonThe Final Battle
The New GovernmentThe Articles of Confederation
The ConstitutionThe Bill of Rights
Oh, King George, A
Few Words, If You Please
•He has refused his assent to laws to laws…for establishing judiciary
powers. •He has…sent hither swarms of officers to harass our people…•For quartering large bodies of
armed troops among us: •For cutting off our trade with all
parts of the world: •For imposing taxes on us without
our consent: •For depriving us in many cases, of
the benefits of trial by jury: For transporting us beyond seas to
be tried…
Britain and the Colonies
Voting in AmericaEngland Asserts
Control-War
-TaxesThe Shot Heard Round the World
America Declares
IndependenceThe Declaration of
Independence-Colonial GrievancesAmerican Leaders
Unite-George
Washington-Thomas JeffersonThe Final Battle
The New GovernmentThe Articles of Confederation
The ConstitutionThe Bill of Rights
We’ve Paid Your Foolish Tax,
Read the Actsand They Just Won’t
Do.It’s Too Late to Apologize…a Declaration
Britain and the Colonies
Voting in AmericaEngland Asserts
Control-War
-TaxesThe Shot Heard Round the World
America Declares
IndependenceThe Declaration of
Independence-Colonial GrievancesAmerican Leaders
Unite-George
Washington-Thomas JeffersonThe Final Battle
The New GovernmentThe Articles of Confederation
The ConstitutionThe Bill of Rights
All for One and...…Not One for All…Many colonists were unwilling to fight the British, they preferred an unhappy arrangement and taxes to war.It took years to gather enough support to push the British back.
The World Takes Notice-
After many unsuccessful battles against the British,
there came a Turning point: The Battle of Saratoga
in 1777.Impressed with
the American will and hungry for
revenge, France officially joined
the war.
…Remember this? Payback time!The French sent the Marquis de Lafayette to train the American
troops to fight the British.
Britain and the Colonies
Voting in AmericaEngland Asserts
Control-War
-TaxesThe Shot Heard Round the World
America Declares
IndependenceThe Declaration of
Independence-Colonial GrievancesAmerican Leaders
Unite-George
Washington-Thomas JeffersonThe Final Battle
The New GovernmentThe Articles of Confederation
The ConstitutionThe Bill of Rights
We’ll Follow the General Wherever He Wants to Go!Commander of the
Continental Army -Fought in the French and Indian War -Did not win every battle, but never gave up!President of the Constitutional Convention
-Helped to write the Constitution-Defined the role of the president
First President of the US -Served two terms -Coined the term “Mr. President”
“First in war, first in peace,
and first in the hearts of
his countrymen."
Britain and the Colonies
Voting in AmericaEngland Asserts
Control-War
-TaxesThe Shot Heard Round the World
America Declares
IndependenceThe Declaration of
Independence-Colonial GrievancesAmerican Leaders
Unite-George
Washington-Thomas JeffersonThe Final Battle
The New GovernmentThe Articles of Confederation
The ConstitutionThe Bill of Rights
Minister to France -Had a love of Enlightenment -Created ties which led to Louisiana Purchase
“Law is often but
the tyrant's will, and
always so when it violates
the rights of the
individual.”
From Enlightenment to PresidentDrafted the Declaration of Independence -From June-July 4, 1776 -Wrote a passage against slavery, later deleted
Governor of Virginia -Moved the capital to Richmond -Founded Univ. of Virginia
3rd President of the US -Founded West Point -Made the Louisiana Purchase in 1903
Governor of Virginia -Moved the capital to Richmond -Founded Univ. of Virginia
Britain and the Colonies
Voting in AmericaEngland Asserts
Control-War
-TaxesThe Shot Heard Round the World
America Declares
IndependenceThe Declaration of
Independence-Colonial GrievancesAmerican Leaders
Unite-George
Washington-Thomas JeffersonThe Final Battle
The New GovernmentThe Articles of Confederation
The ConstitutionThe Bill of Rights
The World Turn’d Upside DownFrench forces arrive -More than 5,000 troopsConvergence at Yorktown -The last major battle of the American Revolution -Sept.-Oct. 1781British surrender -Gen. Cornwallis surrendered to Gen. WashingtonNothing left to do but wait -Almost 2 years later, the Treaty of Paris (1783) officially ended the war.
Britain and the Colonies
Voting in AmericaEngland Asserts
Control-War
-TaxesThe Shot Heard Round the World
America Declares
IndependenceThe Declaration of
Independence-Colonial GrievancesAmerican Leaders
Unite-George
Washington-Thomas JeffersonThe Final Battle
The New GovernmentThe Articles of Confederation
The ConstitutionThe Bill of Rights
So America, You Won the
War…Now What?
Once independence was won the Americans had to create a new government that would be accepted. Leaders faced 3 major problems:•Developing Diplomatic Relations
•Many countries (including Britain) were reluctant to accept ties to the new country.
•Dealing with Limited Financial Resources
•The colonists declared war over taxes, it was a touchy subject
•Facing Accusations of Treason
•Many did not know who to trust or who would lead them in the right direction
The British refused to sit for a portrait at the Treaty
of Paris… Perhaps they were a little
upset?
Britain and the Colonies
Voting in AmericaEngland Asserts
Control-War
-TaxesThe Shot Heard Round the World
America Declares
IndependenceThe Declaration of
Independence-Colonial GrievancesAmerican Leaders
Unite-George
Washington-Thomas JeffersonThe Final Battle
The New GovernmentThe Articles of Confederation
The ConstitutionThe Bill of Rights
Suggestions? Anyone? Ah, Yes—A Constitution!
The Articles of Confederation were approved in 1781, but colonial leaders were concerned about protecting the power of the states.
Limits put in place led to a weak central government, among them were the following:
•No levying of taxes•All 13 states must approve new laws•No trade regulation
Britain and the Colonies
Voting in AmericaEngland Asserts
Control-War
-TaxesThe Shot Heard Round the World
America Declares
IndependenceThe Declaration of
Independence-Colonial GrievancesAmerican Leaders
Unite-George
Washington-Thomas JeffersonThe Final Battle
The New GovernmentThe Articles of Confederation
The ConstitutionThe Bill of Rights
If It’s Not Broke, Don’t…Wait… It’s
Broke, Time to Fix ItWithin a few years, the new nation realized the Articles
were not working. The argument:
Federalist vs. Anti-federalist
Federalists wanted a stronger national government.
Anti-federalists wanted power for the states.
Britain and the Colonies
Voting in AmericaEngland Asserts
Control-War
-TaxesThe Shot Heard Round the World
America Declares
IndependenceThe Declaration of
Independence-Colonial GrievancesAmerican Leaders
Unite-George
Washington-Thomas JeffersonThe Final Battle
The New GovernmentThe Articles of Confederation
The ConstitutionThe Bill of Rights
Another Constitution…How Conventional!
The Enlightenment had lasting effects
on America.Locke,
Rousseau and Montesquieu inspired ideas about a nation ruled by the
consent of the governed.
In 1787, a Constitutional Convention was organized, their goals?
•Fix the Articles of Confederation•Separate powers and include checks and balances
Instead, a new document was drafted: The Constitution of the United States of America. However, it wasn’t ratified until 1789.
Britain and the Colonies
Voting in AmericaEngland Asserts
Control-War
-TaxesThe Shot Heard Round the World
America Declares
IndependenceThe Declaration of
Independence-Colonial GrievancesAmerican Leaders
Unite-George
Washington-Thomas JeffersonThe Final Battle
The New GovernmentThe Articles of Confederation
The ConstitutionThe Bill of Rights
Separate, but EqualInspired by the
Magna Carta, the English Bill of
Rights, and the Mayflower
Compact, the Constitution set up a republic that has lasted more than
200 years.
Britain and the Colonies
Voting in AmericaEngland Asserts
Control-War
-TaxesThe Shot Heard Round the World
America Declares
IndependenceThe Declaration of
Independence-Colonial GrievancesAmerican Leaders
Unite-George
Washington-Thomas JeffersonThe Final Battle
The New GovernmentThe Articles of Confederation
The ConstitutionThe Bill of Rights
To Check, to Balance,
and to Separate!
Britain and the Colonies
Voting in AmericaEngland Asserts
Control-War
-TaxesThe Shot Heard Round the World
America Declares
IndependenceThe Declaration of
Independence-Colonial GrievancesAmerican Leaders
Unite-George
Washington-Thomas JeffersonThe Final Battle
The New GovernmentThe Articles of Confederation
The ConstitutionThe Bill of Rights
A Guarantee to Win Approval
•Federalists won their strong national government. To appease the Anti-federalists, amendments were added to the Constitution to protect the rights of the individual
from the government.•The first 10 amendments
(changes) became the Bill of Rights, added and approved in
1791.
The Americ
an Revolu
tion1754-1791
Eisenhower High School
