The Founding of the American Colonies. New England Colonies.
The American Colonies
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Transcript of The American Colonies
The American Colonies
Jamestown, VA May 13, 1607: Arrival of 104 Male Settlers
WHY?For what reasons did individuals come to America?
Colonizing America•Wealth
Colonizing America•Religious dissent
Types of Colonies
• Royal Colonies–King–Ruled by royal governor
Types of Colonies•Proprietary
–Individuals or groups–King gifted land
Types of Colonies• Charter
–Established by charters–King–Colonies governed themselves
Regional Divisions
New England Colonies
Massachusetts (1620)• Pilgrims (Plymouth)
– Separatists• wanted to separate from the
Anglican Church
– 1st Thanksgiving
– Mayflower Compact• 41 men drew up the
agreement to outline fair and equal laws for the colony; signed on the Mayflower
• 1620
Massachusetts (1630)• Puritans
• Purify and reform Anglican Church• Massachusetts Bay Colony• Strict religious beliefs; radical
• John Winthrop“for wee must Consider that wee shall be as a Citty
upon a Hill, the eies of all people are uppon us; soe that if wee shall deale falsely with our god in this worke wee have undertaken and soe cause him to withdrawe his present help from us”
City Upon A Hill, 1630
– New Hampshire (1630)• John Mason• English and Scots-Irish settlers• Economic freedom• Settled for religious freedom• Escape for those constricted by harsh religious and
economic rules of the Puritans
• Royal Colony
– Rhode Island (1636)• Roger Williams • Exiled by Puritans in Mass. settled in Providence• Religious freedom• Trade
– Connecticut (1636)• Thomas Hooker• Dutch (economic freedom) and English (religious
freedom)• Asked to leave by Mass.• Agriculture and trade
Middle Colonies
– New York (1626)• Peter Minuit• Dutch (Netherlands), taken over by English• Trade and profits• Anglican• Proprietary to royal colony
– New Jersey (1660)• Lord Berkley• Established by Sweden became English• Agriculture, trade and profits• Proprietary to royal colony
– Delaware (1638)• Peter Minuit• Dutch, Swedish and English• Farming, trade and profits• Proprietary
Pennsylvania (1682)– William Penn– Proprietary– Home to many European
Immigrants: Swedish, Dutch, English, Scots-Irish and German
– Farming
• Quakers– Equality and all possessed
“Inner Light”– Pennsylvania
Southern Colonies
Virginia (1607)• Jamestown• 1st permanent settlement mostly males
(indentured servants and treasure hunters)• 60/900 colonists survived• Ruled by John Smith• Founded by the Virginia Company
– Joint-stock company: organized to raise money by selling stocks/shares to investors
– Becomes royal
House of Burgesses (1619)-22 representatives called burgesses met to outline laws for the colony
– Maryland (1634)• George Calvert• Religious freedom for
Catholics• Established for trade,
finding precious metals and to locate a water passage across the continent
• Farming• Proprietary
Maryland Act of Toleration• 1649• Granted freedom of worship for all
Catholics• Symbolic beginning of freedom of religion
– North Carolina (1653)• Group of proprietors: business venture• Settlers from Virginia • Farming, trade and profit• Anglican
– South Carolina (1670)• Group of proprietors• Settlers from France, English, Africans and Irish• Food crops• Anglican• Proprietary to royal
– Georgia (1733)• General James Oglethorpe• Spanish settlements taken by English• Debtors and convicts protect colonies from Spanish and
French invasions• Slow economic growth farmed, harvested lumber and traded
furs