The American Civil War

1861-1865

Why Did They Fight Class Reading

Union

1. The Union

2. Anti-slavery

3. Democracy

Confederate

1. State’s Rights

2. Slavery

3. Liberty

North vs. South in 1861North vs. South in 1861

North South

Advantages ? ?

Disadvantages ? ?

Rating the North & the South

Rating the North & the South

Slave/Free States Population, 1861Slave/Free States Population, 1861

Railroad Lines, 1860

Railroad Lines, 1860

Resources: North & the South

Resources: North & the South

Men Present for Duty in the Civil War

Men Present for Duty in the Civil War

Overview of the North’sCivil War Strategy:

“Anaconda”Plan

Designed by General

Winfield Scott

5-7 years

Old generals, Old equipment

Old Navy

No direct attack on Richmond

Overview of the North’sCivil War Strategy:

“Anaconda”Plan

Designed by General

Winfield Scott

5-7 years

Old generals, Old equipment

Old Navy

No direct attack on Richmond

Civil War Geography

Fought from New Mexico to Pennsylvania

Most battles are fought in the Confederates states

Virginia sees the most battles

Lincoln’s GeneralsLincoln’s Generals

Irwin McDowell

Irwin McDowell

Winfield Scott

Winfield Scott

George McClellan,Again!

George McClellan,Again!

George McClellanGeorge McClellan

Ambrose BurnsideAmbrose Burnside

Joseph HookerJoseph Hooker

George MeadeGeorge Meade

Ulysses S. GrantUlysses S. Grant

The Leaders of the Confederacy

The Leaders of the Confederacy

Pres. Jefferson DavisPres. Jefferson Davis VP Alexander Stevens

VP Alexander Stevens

The Confederate Generals

The Confederate Generals

Jeb StuartJeb Stuart

James LongstreetJames Longstreet

George PickettGeorge Pickett

“Stonewall” Jackson“Stonewall” Jackson

Nathan Bedford Forrest

Nathan Bedford Forrest

Robert E. LeeRobert E. Lee

Battle of Bull Run (1st Manassas)

July, 1861

Battle of Bull Run (1st Manassas)

July, 1861

Civilians come out to watch14 hour fightTurning point: Confederates hold off a Union attack ( ‘Stonewall’ Jackson)Union retreats in chaos- ‘Rebel Yell’

The Battle of the

Ironclads,March,

1862

The Battle of the

Ironclads,March,

1862The Monitor

vs.the MerrimacForever Changes Naval

Warfare

1. First torpedoes(mines)

2. First Submarine

The Monitor vs.

the MerrimacForever Changes Naval

Warfare

1. First torpedoes(mines)

2. First Submarine

Reading Assignment-Civil War Reading Packet

Read the packet and answer the section questions.

Due Friday

Bell work

1. Name 4 Union states, 4 Confederate states, and 3 border states.

2. List 2 advantages for both the Union and Confederacy

3. List 2 disadvantages for both the Union and Confederacy

4. Name the Union strategy for the war. What are the two main steps of this plan.

5. What state sees the most battles during the war?

6. Who is the main general of both the Union and Confederacy?

The Civil War 1862

Grant works his way through Tennessee to take the Mississippi

McClellan marches toward Richmond

Lee invades Maryland

Battle of Antietam

“Bloodiest Single Day of the War”

September 17, 1862

23,000 casualties

List 3 facts about the Battle of Antietam you learned from the video.

The Emancipation Proclamation

Issued in September

January 1, 1863

The proclamation declared "that all persons held as slaves" within the rebellious states "are, and henceforward shall be free."

Doesn’t apply to border states. Why?

Doesn’t make ‘freedmen’ citizens

Adds a key moral cause for the Union

Encourages many slaves to runaway

Allows ‘freedmen’ to join military

Ends Prisoner exchanges between the North and South

Does it end Slavery?

Yes and No

Contraband rule-seize enemy property

African-American Recruiting Poster

African-American Recruiting Poster

The Famous 54th Massachusetts

The Famous 54th Massachusetts

Fort Pillow Massacre-April 1864Over 300 African American soldiers are killed while surrenderingNathan Bedford Forrest

African-Americansin Civil War BattlesAfrican-Americansin Civil War Battles

Increased Government Power

Both sides begin a draft

Lincoln shuts down newspapers who were critical of him

Lincoln suspends the writ of Habeas Corpus

Lincoln creates the (IRS), first tax on income

Sin Tax

National currency-Greenbacks

Conscription-The Draft

A bounty was offered to soldiers who enlisted

Bounty jumping

The Enrollment Act(1863)

Ways to avoid the draft

1. Pay a fee

2. Hire a substitute

3. Move away

A rich man’s war, A poor man’s fight

Draft Primary Source Reading

How would you react to a draft today?

Should women be required by law to sign up for the selective service?

NYC Draft Riots, (July 13-16, 1863)

NYC Draft Riots, (July 13-16, 1863)

NYC Draft Riots, (July 13-16, 1863)

NYC Draft Riots, (July 13-16, 1863)

A “Pogrom” Against BlacksA “Pogrom” Against Blacks

The Road to Gettysburg: 1863

The Road to Gettysburg: 1863

Gettysburg CasualtiesGettysburg Casualties

Gettysburg Address

Sherman’s“Marchto theSea”

throughGeorgia,

1864

Sherman’s“Marchto theSea”

throughGeorgia,

1864“Total War”‘War is Hell’

1864 Election1864 Election

Pres. Lincoln (R)Pres. Lincoln (R) George McClellan (D)

George McClellan (D)

1864 Copperhead Campaign Poster

1864 Copperhead Campaign Poster

Presidential

Election

Results:

1864

Presidential

Election

Results:

1864

The Final Virginia Campaign:1864-1865

The Final Virginia Campaign:1864-1865

Surrender at Appomattox

April 9, 1865

Surrender at Appomattox

April 9, 1865

Casualties on Both Sides

Casualties on Both Sides

Civil War Casualtiesin Comparison to Other

Wars

Civil War Casualtiesin Comparison to Other

Wars

Ford’s Theater (April 14, 1865)

Ford’s Theater (April 14, 1865)

The AssassinThe Assassin

John Wilkes BoothJohn Wilkes Booth

The AssassinationThe Assassination

WANTED~~!!

WANTED~~!!

Lincoln is Dead!Lincoln is Dead!

The ExecutionThe Execution