The Age of JacksonThe Age of Jackson

The Election of 1824The Election of 1824 FourFour Democratic-Republican Democratic-Republican

candidatescandidates Race was closest between Jackson & Race was closest between Jackson &

AdamsAdams Jackson wins Jackson wins popularpopular vote vote Adams wins Adams wins electoralelectoral college votes, college votes,

but not majority…president??but not majority…president??

The Corrupt BargainThe Corrupt Bargain Jackson is not happy and forms his Jackson is not happy and forms his

own party…own party…the the DemocratsDemocrats!! Henry Clay was accused of Henry Clay was accused of arrangingarranging

electoral college votes for Adams in electoral college votes for Adams in return for a cabinet positionreturn for a cabinet position Clay was named Secretary of Clay was named Secretary of StateState under under

AdamsAdams Andrew Jackson accused Adams and Andrew Jackson accused Adams and

Clay of striking a “Clay of striking a “corruptcorrupt bargain” bargain” Jackson will campaign for the next 4 years Jackson will campaign for the next 4 years

and use and use mudslingingmudslinging to criticize Adams to criticize Adams

“Jacksonian Democracy” Jackson was a supporter of the Jackson was a supporter of the

CommonCommon Man Man Supported the expansion of Supported the expansion of

suffrage to suffrage to allall white males white males, , not just land owning white not just land owning white males…this will gain him more males…this will gain him more votesvotes in 1828 in 1828

Rewarded his faithful voters Rewarded his faithful voters with government jobs (with government jobs (spoilsspoils system)system)

beats Adams in the Election of beats Adams in the Election of 18281828

Reduced size of Reduced size of federal federal government as president to government as president to ‘return power to the people’‘return power to the people’

Native American RemovalNative American Removal Jackson is being pressured Jackson is being pressured

by his Southern supporters by his Southern supporters who want Indians out of who want Indians out of the the EastEast

But John Marshall sides But John Marshall sides with with nativesnatives in in Worcester vs. Georgia, Worcester vs. Georgia, Cherokee were able to Cherokee were able to

stay on their land but stay on their land but Jackson Jackson ignoredignored the the court’s decisioncourt’s decision

“Marshall has made his

decision, now let him

enforce it!”

Indian Removal Act, 1830Indian Removal Act, 1830 Moved Indians Moved Indians

into Indian into Indian Territory Territory (Oklahoma) (Oklahoma) Many natives Many natives

leaveleave Most Cherokees Most Cherokees

stay behind stay behind after all they do after all they do for a court order for a court order saying they can saying they can staystay

Trail of TearsTrail of Tears Jackson Jackson violatedviolated Worcester vs. Georgia by sending the Worcester vs. Georgia by sending the

army to force 16,000 Cherokee out of their homes and army to force 16,000 Cherokee out of their homes and marched them to Oklahomamarched them to Oklahoma

4,0004,000 died died

Tariff of Abominations, 1828 Tariffs are liked by the Tariffs are liked by the NorthNorth, disliked , disliked

by the by the SouthSouth Adams Adams Tariff of Abominations was set Tariff of Abominations was set

up to up to protectprotect American industry American industry Helped end Adams chances of re-electionHelped end Adams chances of re-election Made Jackson look Made Jackson look goodgood

Nullification Crisis: Nullification Crisis: Calhoun (VP) put Calhoun (VP) put forth the idea of nullification (ignore forth the idea of nullification (ignore federal law)federal law) South Carolina threatens to South Carolina threatens to secedesecede and and

nullified the tariffnullified the tariff Calhoun resignsCalhoun resigns

Jackson Vetoes the 2Jackson Vetoes the 2ndnd US Bank US Bank

Jackson believed the Jackson believed the bank was bank was unconstitutional from unconstitutional from the start and only the start and only benefited the benefited the wealthywealthy

Jackson vetoes banks Jackson vetoes banks 20 year re-charter20 year re-charter

The Whig PartyThe Whig Party Formed by Henry Clay and Formed by Henry Clay and

followers who followers who opposedopposed Jackson Jackson Favored the US Bank, Favored the US Bank, upsetupset with with

Jackson’s vetoJackson’s veto Wanted a Wanted a largerlarger federal government federal government

to manage economyto manage economy Favored the American SystemFavored the American System RenewedRenewed two party politics two party politics

Defeated in Election of 1832Defeated in Election of 1832

Martin Van BurenMartin Van Buren

Won election after Won election after Jackson Jackson retiredretired

Panic of 1837 hit as Panic of 1837 hit as he entered officehe entered office Van Buren did little Van Buren did little

to to easeease the Panic as the Panic as he believed in limited he believed in limited federal governmentfederal government

Helped Helped reviverevive the the Whig PartyWhig Party

The Election of 1840The Election of 1840 Whigs nominated William Whigs nominated William

Henry Harrison (war hero Henry Harrison (war hero from Tippecanoe) and from Tippecanoe) and John Tyler John Tyler ““Tippecanoe and Tyler Tippecanoe and Tyler

Too”Too” Harrison wonHarrison won

DiedDied a month later a month later (curse?)(curse?)

Tyler becomes President Tyler becomes President but he is not a but he is not a truetrue Whig Whig

King Andy?King Andy?What is the What is the cartoonist cartoonist trying to trying to portray with portray with Jackson Jackson standing on the standing on the Constitution, Constitution, Internal Internal Improvements Improvements and the U.S. and the U.S. Bank?Bank?

Let’s Review!Let’s Review!

1.1. Why did the House of Why did the House of Representatives have to Representatives have to choose the president in the choose the president in the Election of 1824?Election of 1824?

a.a. One of the candidates One of the candidates dropped out of the racedropped out of the race

b.b. The two major The two major candidates asked for candidates asked for them to choosethem to choose

c.c. There was no majority There was no majority in the Electoral Collegein the Electoral College

d.d. There was a tie in the There was a tie in the popular votepopular vote

2.2. How did democracy expand How did democracy expand in the first half of the 19in the first half of the 19thth century?century?

3.3. What did Jackson mean by What did Jackson mean by restoring government to the restoring government to the people?people?

a.a. Sending in the military to Sending in the military to enforce tariff lawsenforce tariff laws

b.b. Reducing the size and Reducing the size and strength of the federal strength of the federal governmentgovernment

c.c. Removing Native Removing Native Americans from the east Americans from the east coastcoast

d.d. Granting women the right Granting women the right to voteto vote

Let’s Review!Let’s Review!1.1. Why did Calhoun and other Why did Calhoun and other

Southerners oppose the Tariff of Southerners oppose the Tariff of 1828?1828?

a.a. It would reduce income and raise It would reduce income and raise prices for Southerners.prices for Southerners.

b.b. It would reduce income and raise It would reduce income and raise prices for Northerners.prices for Northerners.

c.c. Tariffs were explicitly forbidden by Tariffs were explicitly forbidden by the Constitution.the Constitution.

d.d. It protected American industry.It protected American industry.

2.2. Why was the Indian Removal Act Why was the Indian Removal Act passed?passed?

a.a. Native Americans declared war on Native Americans declared war on America.America.

b.b. Southerners wanted to take Native Southerners wanted to take Native American land to expand American land to expand agriculture.agriculture.

c.c. Northerners needed Native Northerners needed Native American land for expansion of American land for expansion of the railroad. the railroad.

d.d. Jackson wanted to give land to his Jackson wanted to give land to his supporters. supporters.

3.3. What resulted from Jackson’s What resulted from Jackson’s veto of the 2veto of the 2ndnd Bank of the US? Bank of the US?

a.a. Jackson died a month later Jackson died a month later because he was cursed.because he was cursed.

b.b. The wealthy became poor.The wealthy became poor.

c.c. A new political party formed A new political party formed to oppose Jackson.to oppose Jackson.

d.d. Jackson was assassinated. Jackson was assassinated.