The Adult Drug Courts of New Hampshire, Vermont, and Maine: An Analysis of Effectiveness and...
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![Page 1: The Adult Drug Courts of New Hampshire, Vermont, and Maine: An Analysis of Effectiveness and Barriers to Expansion Prepared by: Jaya Batra ‘13 Austin Goldberg.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649f0a5503460f94c1e1ad/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Adult Drug Courts of New Hampshire, Vermont, and Maine: An
Analysis of Effectiveness and Barriers to Expansion
Prepared by:Jaya Batra ‘13
Austin Goldberg ’13Adam Nasser ‘15Portia Schultz ‘15
![Page 2: The Adult Drug Courts of New Hampshire, Vermont, and Maine: An Analysis of Effectiveness and Barriers to Expansion Prepared by: Jaya Batra ‘13 Austin Goldberg.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649f0a5503460f94c1e1ad/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
The Drug Court ModelParticipants:
-History of drug use
-Nonviolent crime
-Must plead guilty
-Resident of the county
-Must have transportation
The Drug Court Model:
-BJA’s 10 Criteria
-12 to 18 months
-Random AOD testing
-Upon completion: no prison, felony expunged
-The drug court team
Recovery
Savings
Social Benefits
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Drug Courts Nationally• 1970s and 80s: increased drug use overcrowded prisons
• 2,600+ in the U.S.
• GAO Study on Recidivism- Participants: 6-26% lower- Graduates: 12-58% lower
• Annual incarceration cost: $20,000-$50,000 per inmate
• Annual drug court cost: $9,000-$12,000 per participant
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Criteria for Evaluation
1. Recidivism Rates
2. Cost-Effectiveness
3. Impact Across Gender, Race, and Age
4. Social Consequences
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New Hampshire
Has a drug court
Developing a drug court
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New Hampshire: Strafford•Operationalized in 2006 with DOJ start-up grant
•Key Statistics-54% graduation rate with 100 graduates-10% have recidivated (new felony/misdemeanor)-Corrections vs. Drug Courts: $84/day vs. $9/day
• Implemented female-only treatment groups
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New Hampshire: Grafton
• Operationalized in 2007 with $20,000 DOJ start-up grant
• Promising outcomes for 27 graduates:
-Recidivism: 9-10% vs. 67% for traditionally incarcerated
nationwide
-Per person costs of $2,500 vs. $9,000-$12,000 nationally
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Vermont
Has a drug court
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VermontChittenden•Recidivism:
-36-40% for participants
-14% for graduates
•Cost: -$85 per day cheaper than jail
•Graduation:-624 enrolled, 482 graduated (77%)
Rutland•Recidivism:
-60% for participants-22% for graduates
•Cost: -$3 return on each dollar invested
•Graduation:-36% graduation rate
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Maine
• Currently, 5 counties with drug courts-1,435 participants as of 2012
• Recidivism: 17% drug courts v. 33% traditionally incarcerated (ME study)
• Cost: $3.30 saved for $1 spent
• Additional Benefits-60 drug free-births since 2001
-$750,000-1,400,000 lifetime savings
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Policy Research Shop
Cost-Benefit Analysis
* Model uses data from Rutland County to extrapolate savings for 50 and 100 new participants
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Policy Research Shop
Key Takeaways• Drug courts seem to be an effective alternative to
incarceration in NH, ME, and VT– Reduced recidivism, except Penobscot County, ME– Long-term cost savings
• Common demographic characteristics– Lower graduation rates for female and young participants
• BJA grants serve as a primary source of funding
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Policy Research Shop
Keys to Success• Clear criteria for termination
• Treatment activities as sanctions
• Ongoing judicial interaction
• Targeted programs for female clients
• Expeditious referral time
• Separate participants by level of risk
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Policy Research Shop
The Future of Drug Courts
Deterrent: Cost & Infrastructure
•National Drug Court Institute cites cost as primary obstacle to drug court expansion
•Large, upfront grant required to initiate program
•Court cost usually absorbed by county budget
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Policy Research Shop
The Future of Drug Courts
Deterrent: Perception & Ideology
•Are Drug Courts “soft” on crime?
•Additional treatment vs. incarceration
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Policy Research Shop
Conclusion• Drug courts as an effective alternative to incarceration in NH,
ME, and VT:– Reduce recidivism– Promote recovery– Create cost-savings
• Analysis limited by small sample sizes
• Policy Options:– Greater financial support– Tailor programs to key demographics – Adoption of best-practices