The 8 Wastes (MUDA)

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8 Muda

T- Transport

• Moving of products to several location

• Whilst product is being transported, it is not being processed, therefore not adding value to the customer

• Example: Movement of intermediate product from one area to another to be processed

I- Inventory

• Storage of products, intermediates, raw materials, etc. all cost money.

• Example: Large buffer stock within a manufacturing facility and large warehousing on the site; financially seen as a huge use of working capital

M- Motion

• The excessive movement of the people who operate the manufacturing facility is wasteful.

• Whilst they are in motion they cannot support the processing of the product.

• Example: Operators moving to and from the manufacturing unit but less activity actually within the unit.

P- People

• Under/ over utilising capabilities, delegating work without training

• Example: Attendance at management routines

W- Waiting

• As people, equipment or product wait to be processed, it is not adding any value to the customer.

• Example: Intermediate product which can’t leave site until the QC tests and paperwork are complete.

O- Over Production

• Product made for no specific customer.

• Development of a product for no additional value.

• Example: Large batch campaign, continuous large scale manufacturing processes.

O- Over Processing

• When a particular process step does not add value to the product

• Example: The duplication of any steps related to the supply chain process, e.g. sampling, checking.

D- Defect

• Errors during the process- either requiring re-work or additional work.

• Examples:– Material out of specification;

batch documentation incomplete.

– Data and data entry errors.

– General miscommunication.