The Guardianimage.guardian.co.uk/.../2002/08/01/asylumpdf.pdf · 7,675 7,320 10,230 14,410 12,440...

7,675 7,32010,230

14,410 12,44016,590

23,34529,455

25,935 25,21016,930 15,050

22,600

29,555

17,205

15,915

22,670

41,70054,380

46,160

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

80,000

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

Applied in-country

Applied at port

Figure 1APPLICATIONS(1) FOR ASYLUM IN THE UNITED KINGDOM, BY

LOCATION OF APPLICATION,1992 TO 2001

(1) Excluding dependants

Number of principal applicants

Asylum StatisticsUnited Kingdom 2001

09/02

Tina Heath and Rachel Hill 31 July 2002

MAIN POINTS

� Applications for asylum excludingdependants fell by 11% in 2001 to71,365. The main countries of originwere Afghanistan, Iraq, Somalia, SriLanka and Turkey. (Paragraphs 1, 6)

� Including dependants, applicationsto the EU, fell by 1%, compared with a7% fall for the UK and increases forGermany, France and Austria.(Paragraphs 3,4)

� Initial decisions reached a record119,015 in 2001, 9% higher than in2000. Asylum was granted in 9% ofcases and exceptional leave to remain(ELR) in 17% of cases. 74% wererefused. (Paragraphs 13, 14)

� 38,800 applications awaiting aninitial decision at the end of 2001; 56%less than a year before. (Paragraph 25)

� A record 43,415 appeals weredetermined by IAA adjudicators in 2001– 19% were allowed and 79%dismissed. (Paragraph 20)

� An estimated 42% of theapplications in 2001 resulted in grantsof asylum (10%) or of exceptionalleave to remain (22%), or in allowedappeals (10%). (Paragraph 24)

� Asylum removals (includingvoluntary departures) rose slightly in2001 to 9,285. (Paragraphs 35, 36)

1

INTRODUCTION

This Bulletin provides the main detailed annual statistics about asylum for 2001 andpreceding years. It covers applications, decisions, appeals, asylum support, detention,removals and settlement.

Statistics are included for the first time about cases received at the Oakington ReceptionCentre, the speed of initial decisions and appeals, and cases reconsidered by the HomeOffice following an initial decision. Additional detail has been provided about asylumapplicants applying for or in receipt of NASS support, and on the age and gender ofapplicants (by nationality). This year’s Bulletin also includes updated information onasylum seekers in detention and on appeal outcomes by nationality.

CONTENTS Paragraphs

Applications 1-10Demographic characteristics of asylum applicants 11-12Initial decisions 13-18Asylum appeals 19-23Overall proportion of applicants granted asylum, exceptional leave, or appeal allowed 24Asylum cases outstanding 25Asylum applicants supported by the National Asylum Support Service 26-29Asylum applicants detained 30-31Asylum applicants received by Oakington Reception Centre 32-34Asylum applicants removed or departing voluntarily 35-36Settlement 37-39

Index of tablesTablesExplanatory Notes

We would like to thank the following for their time and assistance:

Helen Ash, Kate Ashfield, Chris Batchelor, Dee Bourke, David Brupbacher, Ralph Clarkson,Jill Dudley, Andrea Eagle, Jim Fidler, Daniel Howard, Richard Jeffries, Paul King, HannahLockley, Paul Lucas, David Matz and Melanie McCready.

2

APPLICATIONS (Tables 1.1 - 1.2, 2.1 - 2.4, 4.1 - 4.2 and 6.1)

1. Excluding dependants, the number of asylum applications received in 2001 was71,365, 11 per cent (8,950) less than in 2000 (80,315). This was the first annual fall forfive years, following year-on-year increases of 13 per cent in 2000 and 55 per cent in1999. The annual total1 fell back noticeably in 1992 and 1993, increased substantially in1994, again in 1995, then fell back in 1996, partly due to legislative changes affecting theeligibility of asylum seekers for Social Security benefits. The total then rose in 1997,1998, 1999 and 2000 (as did the total for the EU as a whole).

2. Including dependants the number of asylum applications was estimated to be92,000 in 2001, 7 per cent lower than in 2000.

3. Including dependants, asylum applications to European Union countries fell slightlyin 2001, by 1 per cent. The level of applications to the European Union has stayed fairlyflat since 1999. In addition to the UK, Belgium, Finland, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlandsand Portugal each recorded a fall in applications received in 2001 compared with 2000;whilst the other eight member states each recorded an increase.

4. In particular, applications to Austria increased by 65 per cent and to France by 22per cent while applications to Belgium fell by 43 per cent and applications to Italy almosthalved. Applications to Germany increased this year by 12 per cent but still remainedlower than in the UK; Germany received 20 per cent of all asylum applications recordedin Western Europe, while the UK received the most applications of any one country with21 per cent. However, when the relative size of domestic populations is taken intoaccount, the UK ranks 10th amongst European countries in terms of asylum seekers perhead of population – slightly below 2000’s 9th position. 1 These figures exclude South East Asian refugees, who are dealt with under special arrangements, and

applications made overseas for entry clearance to seek asylum in the UK(see Explanatory Notes 7 and 24).

APPLICATIONS(1) RECEIVED FOR ASYLUM IN SELECTED EUROPEAN COUNTRIES,

2000 and 2001

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

Austria

Belgium

Denm

ark

Finland

France

Germ

any

Greece

Ireland

Italy

Luxembourg

Netherlands

Norw

ay

Portugal

Spain

Sweden

Switzerland

United Kingdom

2000 2001Total number of applications2000 - 430,4002001 - 433,300

Figure 2

(1) Estimated to include dependants where necessary.

3

5. The proportion of applications made in-country (that is by people who had alreadyentered the UK) rather than on arrival was 65 per cent in 2001, compared with 68 per centin 2000 and 59 per cent in 1999.

6. The main nationalities of applicants in 2001 were Afghan (13 per cent), Iraqi (9per cent), Somali (9 per cent), Sri Lankan (8 per cent) and Turkish (5 per cent).Compared with 2000, large increases occurred in the number of applications fromnationals of Afghanistan (rising from 5,555 to 9,000), Somalia (from 5,020 to 6,465) andZimbabwe (from 1,010 to 2,115). On the other hand, there were large falls in the numberof applications received from nationals of FRY (falling from 6,070 to 3,190), and Iran(from 5,610 to 3,415).

7. A third of all applications in 2001 were from Asian nationals, 29 per cent werefrom African nationals, 20 per cent were from European nationals and 16 per cent werefrom nationals of the Middle East.

Unaccompanied children (Table 2.3)

8. In 2001, 3,469 unaccompanied children, aged 17 or under, applied for asylum inthe United Kingdom, a 27 per cent increase on 2000 (2,733). Of these 3,469 applications,1,647 were made at port2 and 1,822 in country3. The main countries of origin wereAfghanistan (19 per cent), FRY (13 per cent), Somalia (6 per cent) and Iraq (5 per cent).

2 Based on electronic sources for September to December 2001.3 May exclude some cases lodged at Local Enforcement Offices.

2 2 ,8 8 0

17,9 2 0

2 3 ,2 3 0

14 ,4 15

1,8 70

14 ,3 0 5

2 0 ,710

2 3 ,550

11,2 15

1,59 0

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

Europe Africa Asia M iddle East Other (2)

2000 2001

Figure 3ASYLUM APPLICATIONS(1) BY AREA,

2000 AND 2001

(1) Excluding dependants.(2) Includes Americas.

Total number ofapplications 2000 - 80,3152001 - 71,365


4

Dependants of applicants (Tables 1.2 and 6.1)

9. An estimated 14 per cent of principal applicants applying for asylum in 2001 wereaccompanied or subsequently joined (prior to the initial decision4) by one or moredependants. This proportion was slightly higher than in 2000 (10 per cent), but at a similarlevel to previous years. Approximately 6 per cent of applicants in 2001 were accompaniedor subsequently joined by one dependant, 4 per cent by two dependants, and 5 per cent bythree or more dependants. These proportions have been fairly consistent over the pastdecade.

10. The total number of dependants in 2001, accompanying or subsequently joiningprincipal applicants prior to a decision being made, is estimated at just over 20,600compared with just over 18,500 in 2000, and nearly 20,100 In 1999. Including thesedependants, total applications in 2001 are estimated at 92,000, 6,900 (7 per cent) less thanin 2000.

DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF ASYLUM APPLICANTS (Tables 5.1 and 5.2)

11. The majority of principal applicants in 2001 were between 18 and 34 years old(just over two thirds), with just 3 per cent aged 50 or older. Approximately 78 per cent ofprincipal applicants in 2001 were male, compared with 81 per cent in 2000 and 67 percent in 1999. Over three-quarters of both male and female applicants in 2001 were lessthan 35 years old, a similar proportion to 2000. 6 per cent of female applicants were aged50 or over, compared with just 3 per cent of men.

12. Four fifths of initial decisions made in 2001 were on cases where the principalapplicant was male. 9 per cent of these cases were granted asylum (compared with 13 percent for cases where the principal applicant was female). The ELR rate was 17 per cent formen and 16 per cent for women; correspondingly the refusal rate was slightly lower forwomen (72 per cent compared with 74 for men).

4 See Explanatory Note 21.

APPLICATIONS FOR ASYLUM IN THE UNITED KINGDOMBY AGE, 2001

20 or under22%

21 to 2419%

25 to 2925%

35 to 399%

40 to 497%

50 to 592%

60 and over1%

30 to 3415%

Figure 4

5

INITIAL DECISIONS (Tables 1.1 - 1.3, 3.1 - 3.3, 4.1 - 4.2)5

13. 119,015 initial decisions were made on asylum applications in 2001, 9 per centmore than the 109,205 made in 2000, and the most initial decisions ever made in a year.Initial decisions are sometimes re-considered for a number of reasons6 and Table 1.1shows the outcomes for 2000 and 2001, taking account of such re-considerations (Table1.2 and later tables show the outcomes of initial decisions). 8,680 initial decisions madein 2000 were re-considered, the majority (7,520) in 2001. 2,470 initial decisions made in2001 were also re-considered in the same year. The initial decision was confirmed in themajority of cases, but there were around 1,700 additional grants of asylum, and 1,300additional grants of ELR following re-consideration. The numbers of cases re-consideredhas fallen significantly from the start of 2001 onwards. This is as a result of processchanges introduced at the end of 2000.

14. Of the initial decisions made in 2001, 11,180 (9 per cent) were to recognise theapplicant as a refugee and grant asylum. 19,845 initial decisions (17 per cent) grantedexceptional leave to remain (ELR). 87,990 initial decisions (74 per cent) refused bothasylum and ELR. The proportion granted asylum in 2001 was slightly lower than the 11per cent in 2000, and the proportion granted ELR was higher than the 12 per centrecorded in each of the previous three years.

5 Information is of initial decisions so excludes the outcome of appeals or other subsequent decisions.6 See Explanatory Note 6.

APPLICATIONS FOR ASYLUM IN THE UNITED KINGDOMBY AGE AND GENDER, 2001

M ales aged under 3564%

Females aged under 3517%

Females aged 35 and over5%

M ales aged 35 and over14%

Figure 5

78% Females 22%Males 78%

6

15. The number of grants of asylum to African nationals fell by a quarter to 4,760 -mainly due to a fall of 46 per cent in grants of asylum to nationals of Somalia. Thenumber of grants of asylum to European nationals also fell. The number of grants ofasylum made to Asian nationals more than doubled - due to increases in grants of asylumto Afghans (by six-fold) and Sri Lankans by 57 per cent. Grants to nationals from theMiddle East also rose (by 13 per cent).

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

Refused under the backlog criteria(2)Refused on grounds of non-complianceRefused asylum after full consideration, or on safe third country groundsNot recognised as a refugee but granted exceptional leaveGranted leave under the backlog criteria(2)Grants of asylum

Figure 6 INITIAL DECISIONS MADE ON ASYLUM(1)

APPLICATIONS, 1993 TO 2001Number of principalapplicants

(1) Excluding dependants.(2) Cases decided under pragmatic measures aimed at reducing the pre-96 asylum backlog.

RECOGNISED AS A REFUGEE AND GRANTED ASYLUM,UNDER NORMAL PROCEDURES,

BY AREA, 2000 AND 2001 (1)

790

6,340

1,545 1,350

345705

4,760

4,035

1,520

160

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

Europe Africa Asia Middle East Other (2)

2000 2001

Figure 7

Total number of grants2000 - 10,3752001 - 11,180

(1) Initial decision only(2) Includes Americas

Number of principalapplicants

7

16. The main nationalities to be granted ELR in 2001 were Afghans (61 per cent ofinitial decisions for Afghans were to grant ELR, making up over a third of all grants of ELR),nationals of FRY and Somalia (10 per cent each) and Iraqis (9 per cent).

17. 87,990 cases were refused in 2001, 16 per cent more than the 75,680 in 2000,although the overall refusal rate fell to 74 per cent in 2001 from 78 per cent in 2000.Nationals of FRY accounted for 10 per cent of those refused substantively in 2001,nationals of Sri Lanka for 9 per cent and nationals of Turkey for 8 per cent. Non-compliance refusals (for failure to provide evidence to support the asylum claim, forexample including failure to appear for an interview to establish their identity) accountedfor 21,220 refusals in 2001 - representing a fifth of total refusals - compared with nearly athird in 2000.

NOT RECOGNISED AS A REFUGEE BUT GRANTED EXCEPTIONAL LEAVE,UNDER NORMAL PROCEDURES,

BY AREA, 2000 AND 2001(1)

1,2 6 5

5,56 0

1,3 75

2 ,8 10

4 8 0

2 ,9 2 5

6 ,0 2 0

8 ,3 75

2 ,3 2 5

2 0 0

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

Europe Africa Asia M iddle East Other (2)

2000 2001

Figure 8

Total number of grants2000 - 11,4952001 - 19,845

(1) Init ial decision only(2) Includes Americas


3 1,14 5

11,78 0

2 1,6 0 0

5,9 755,175

2 7,58 0

2 0 ,72 0

2 4 ,6 9 5

12 ,6 70

2 ,3 2 5

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

Europe A frica Asia M iddle East Other (2)

2000 2001

Figure 9 REFUSED ASYLUM AND EXCEPTIONAL LEAVE AFTER FULL CONSIDERATION, UNDER NORMAL PROCEDURES,

BY AREA, 2000 and 2001(1)

Total number of refusals2000 - 75,6802000 - 87,990

(1) Init ial decision only(2) Includes Americas


8

Timeliness of Initial Decisions

18. The latest provisional data7 indicate that 53 per cent of applications8 received inthe period April to December 2001, inclusive, had initial decisions reached and servedwithin two months9. The data are subject to revision following the results of further datacleansing.

ASYLUM APPEALS (Tables 7.1 - 7.4)10

19. In 2001, 74,365 asylum appeals were received by the Home Office, a sixty per centincrease on the previous year11 reflecting the record levels of initial decisions made fromSeptember 2000 to March 2001. During 2001, 47,905 appeals were prepared for hearingby the Home Office and passed to the Immigration Appellate. This compares with a total of28,935 in 2000.

20. Adjudicators determined 43,415 asylum appeals in 2001, more than double theamount determined in the previous year. Of the appeals determined in 2001, 8,155 (19 percent) were allowed, 34,440 (79 per cent) were dismissed and the remainder were withdrawnor abandoned. This compares with 17 per cent allowed and 80 per cent dismissed in 2000.

7 Source: A-CID as at 17 May 2002.8 IND’s target for 2001/02 is to reach and serve initial decisions on 60 per cent of applications. These exclude

3rd country cases which may be the responsibility of other EU member states under the terms of the DublinConvention. Details of government targets relating to the proportion of decisions served within two months areprovided in the 2000 Spending Review Public Service Agreements White Paper available fromhttp://www.treasury.gov.uk/.

9 “Two months” is defined as 61 days.10 See Explanatory Note 9.11 Figures for 2000 were based on manual counts while figures for 2001 have been derived from electronic

sources.

OUTCOME OF ASYLUM APPEALS SENT TO THE ADJUDICATOR,2001

8,155

34,440

8250

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

Allowed Dismissed Withdrawn

Figure 10

Number ofdeterminations

http://www.treasury.gov.uk/

9

21. 15,540 applications for leave to appeal to the Immigration Appellate Tribunalwere submitted in 2001 over two and a half times more than 2000. Around a third ofapplications for leave to appeal to the Tribunal are successful. The Tribunal determined3,190 appeals in 2001, representing a 21 per cent increase on the previous year. Themajority (70 per cent) of appeals brought by appellants were dismissed.

22. 2,210 applications for leave to move for Judicial Review in asylum related caseswere lodged in 2001, compared with 1,920 in 2000. Of the 2,300 decisions made onapplications for leave to move, 13 per cent were granted leave to move. Of the judicialreview hearings determined, 68 per cent were allowed and 16 per cent dismissed in 2001(the remainder being withdrawn). However, the allowed figure includes cases in which theHome Office conceded the case.

Timeliness of Appeal Decisions

23. The latest provisional data12 indicate that 43 per cent of appeals received by theIAA in the period April to December 2001, inclusive, were determined within 17 weeks(including those appeals also dealt with by the second tier of the IAA).

OVERALL PROPORTION OF APPLICANTS GRANTED ASYLUM, EXCEPTIONALLEAVE OR APPEAL ALLOWED

24. It is estimated that around four in ten (42 per cent) of applications in 2001 resulted inthe granting of asylum (10 per cent) or of exceptional leave to remain (22 per cent) or inappeals which were allowed by the IAA adjudicators (a further 10 per cent). (NB based oncases where data are available, around 77 per cent of refusals of applications made in 2001resulted in an appeal; and around a fifth of appeals are allowed.) This estimate includesallowance for the outcomes of cases which are reconsidered6, excludes cases withdrawn atthe initial decision stage, and is an estimate because a proportion of applications made in2001 is still awaiting the outcome of an initial decision or the outcome of an appeal.

ASYLUM CASES OUTSTANDING (Tables 1.1, 4.1 - 4.2)

25. As at 31 December 2001, an estimated 38,800 asylum applications were awaitingan initial decision. This was a fall of 49,800 in 2001 to less than half the level at the end of2000 (56 per cent fall).

12 Source: IAA database IRIS as at 20 May 2002. The IAA’s target for 2001/2 is to clear 65 per cent of all asylum

cases through both appellate tiers within 4 months. This is a Court Service target for the current year, but is aformal Service Delivery Agreement for next year (2002/3), as described within the Lord Chancellor’sDepartment Service Level Agreement, at http://www.lcd.gov.uk/deptobj/sda/lcdsda.pdf. Due to the nature ofthe target, 17 weeks has to elapse from the date of receipt of an appeal before it can be reported on.

http://www.lcd.gov.uk/deptobj/sda/lcdsda.pdf

10

ASYLUM APPLICANTS SUPPORTED BY THE NATIONAL ASYLUM SUPPORTSERVICE (Tables 8.1 – 8.7)

26. In 2001, the National Asylum Support Service received 57,620 applications forasylum support from asylum seekers in the UK. Of these, 32,095 were applications foraccommodation support (either both accommodation and subsistence or accommodationonly) and 20,535 were for subsistence only support. The remainder (4,990) were eitherapplications that were deemed invalid or applications where the type of support has notbeen identified.

27. In 2001, 10,825 family groups and 46,795 single adults applied for support fromthe National Asylum Support Service. 62 per cent of family groups applied foraccommodation support compared with 54 per cent of single adults. The top threenationalities applying for support were Afghanistan (7,800 applications), Iraq (6,340) andSomalia (5,590).

28. As at the end of December 2001, 65,635 asylum seekers (including dependants)were being supported by the National Asylum Support Service. 40,325 asylum seekers(including dependants) were being supported in NASS accommodation and 25,310 werereceiving subsistence only support. The majority of asylum seekers (71 per cent)receiving subsistence only support were located in Greater London, with the next largestregion being the South Central Region (which includes Kent and Sussex) and is thelocation of 12 per cent of asylum seekers receiving subsistence only.

29. Asylum seekers supported in NASS accommodation are dispersed throughout theUK. At the end of December 2001, the top three dispersal regions in England wereYorkshire and Humberside (8,470 asylum seekers, including dependants), the NorthWest (8,155) and the West Midlands (6,930) and the top three towns in England wereBirmingham (3,010), Manchester (2,345) and Liverpool (1,645). Asylum seekers are also

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

Europe Africa Asia Middle East Other (1)

Subsistence onlySupport including accommodationUnknown support type

Figure 11


APPLICATIONS FOR NASS SUPPORT BY SUPPORTTYPE AND CONTINENT ARRIVED FROM, 2001

(1) Includes Americas.

11

dispersed to Scotland and Wales and are accommodated in Northern Ireland if they applyfor asylum in Northern Ireland.

ASYLUM APPLICANTS DETAINED (Tables 9.1 and 9.2)

30. On 29 December 2001, there were 1,280 persons being detained solely underImmigration Act powers who had sought asylum at some stage, constituting 83 per cent ofall Immigration Act detainees. The majority (55 per cent) were being held in ImmigrationRemoval Centres, with 23 per cent being held at the dedicated Immigration Service wings atHMP Haslar, HMP Lindholme and HMP Rochester, 18 per cent at Oakington ReceptionCentre, 3 per cent at other prison establishments, and 1 per cent at Immigration Short TermHolding Facilities.

31. The largest nationalities of asylum detainees were Zimbabwean (135 detainees),Nigerian (100) and Pakistani (100). 89 per cent of asylum detainees were male. Excludingdetainees at Oakington, 41 per cent of asylum detainees had been in detention for less thanone month, 18 per cent for between one and two months, 18 per cent for between two andfour months, and 23 per cent for more than four months.

ASYLUM APPLICANTS RECEIVED BY OAKINGTON RECEPTION CENTRE (Tables10.1 and 10.2)

32. 9,125 asylum applicants were received by Oakington Reception Centre during 2001,of which an initial decision was made on 8,330 (91 per cent). 660 cases were taken out ofthe Oakington fast track process13 and 80 applications were withdrawn14.

13 Cases may be taken out of the Oakington fast track process if more complex issues emerge, which were not

apparent at the initial screening stage, necessitating additional enquiries which cannot be conducted within theOakington timescales, or when it is decided that for whatever reason, the applicant is no longer suitable for

REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF ASYLUM SEEKERS SUPPORTED IN NASS ACCOMMODATION, AS AT THE END OF DECEMBER 2001

East of England 1%

Greater London4%

North East 12%

North West 20%

South Central 2%

South West 2%

West M idlands 17% Yorkshire & Humberside

21%

Northern Ireland 0%

Scot land 12%

Wales 2%

East M idlands 8%

Figure 12

12

33. Of the 8,330 cases decided, 99 per cent were refused, 1 per cent were grantedasylum and less than 1 per cent were granted ELR. Of the cases refused, 92 per cent(7,600) lodged an appeal. 5,890 cases have received an appeal outcome, of which 12 percent of appeals were allowed, 80 per cent dismissed, and 8 per cent withdrawn.

34. Overall, the level of intake increased in 2001 compared with 2000, when 3,000 caseswere received in Oakington’s first nine months in operation (Oakington has received casessince 21 March 2000). The top five applicant nationalities received at Oakington ReceptionCentre during 2001 were Chinese (15 per cent), Zimbabwean (14 per cent), Iraqi (11 percent), Indian (8 per cent) and Czech (8 per cent). The top five applicant nationalitiesreceived at Oakington Reception Centre during March to December 2000 were Chinese (15per cent), Albanian (13 per cent), Czech (13 per cent), FRY (12 per cent) and Romanian (10per cent).

ASYLUM APPLICANTS REMOVED OR DEPARTING VOLUNTARILY (Table 11.1)

35. Provisionally, 9,285 principal asylum applicants in 2001 were removed from theUnited Kingdom, or departed voluntarily, an increase of 3 per cent on 2000. The number ofport applicants removed was 4,175, a decrease of a quarter (23 per cent) on the previousyear. The number of in-country removals rose by 38 per cent to 4,130. A further 980principal applicants left under Assisted Voluntary Return Programmes run by theInternational Organisation for Migration, an increase of over three-quarters (78 per cent) on2000. The largest nationalities of principal applicants removed or departing voluntarily in2001 were estimated to be Former Yugoslavian (1,780), Czech (800) and Polish (605).

fast track processing. These cases are then considered in the same way as they are for any other claims forasylum.

14 In a further 50 cases no final confirmation of a decision had been made when these statistics were compiled.

1,8202,220

3,170

4,820

7,165 6,9907,665

8,9809,285

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 (2)

Figure 13


REMOVALS AND VOLUNTARY DEPARTURES OF ASYLUMAPPLICANTS (1) , 1993 TO 2001

(1) Excluding dependants.(2) Figure for 2001 excludes 1,495 dependants of asylum seekers removed in the period April to December 2001. Data on dependantsremoved have only been collected since April 2001.

13

36. These figures exclude 1,495 dependants of asylum seekers who were removed inthe period April 2001 to December 2001. Data on dependants removed have only beencollected since April 2001.

SETTLEMENT (Table 12.1)

37. The latest available information on asylum-related settlement is for the year 2000.In this year 45,120 people, including dependants, were accepted for permanent settlementin the United Kingdom, either following recognition as refugees or under exceptional leavearrangements15. This was 6,460 higher than in 1999 and the levels in both years were muchhigher than previously (12,630 in 1998). The 2000 figures reflected the high number ofgrants in 2000 combined with procedural changes introduced during 1998 whereby thosepeople granted full refugee status are, together with their dependants, immediatelyaccepted for settlement16.

38. In addition, there was also a significant increase in the total number of spouses anddependants granted settlement in 2000. The number of grants were almost 32,000 higherthan 1998, at 84,900 (comprising nearly 70 per cent of total settlement). It is likely that thisfigure includes a substantial proportion of dependants of asylum seekers who were grantedsettlement after the asylum seeker, although it is not possible to separately identify thisgroup of people.

39. Excluding dependants, there was a rise of 2,330 to 24,835 in asylum-relatedsettlement in 2000. The largest rises were of 4,620 from Africa (mainly Somalia, Ethiopiaand Uganda) and 1,355 from Asia excluding the Indian sub-continent (mainly Sri Lanka andthe Middle East). This was partly offset by falls of 3,460 to 3,890 from Europe (mainlyTurkey and the former Yugoslavia) and of 235 to 535 from the Indian sub-continent. Furtherinformation is provided in the Home Office Statistical Bulletin “Control of ImmigrationStatistics: United Kingdom, 2000” (HOSB 14/01), Table 3.3 – available athttp://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/pdfs/hosb1401.pdf. The 2001 Bulletin is due to bepublished in the autumn.

15 See Explanatory Note 5.16 See Explanatory Note 16.

http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/pdfs/hosb1401.pdf

14

INDEX OF TABLES

Table

Summary Tables

1.1 Applications, decisions and other information for those applying for asylum in theUnited Kingdom, excluding dependants, by main geographical areas, 1993 to 2001

1.2 Applications received for asylum in the United Kingdom, decisions andpercentages, 1991 to 2001

1.3 Initial decisions on applications received for asylum in the United Kingdom,excluding dependants, by type, 1991 to 2001

Applications received for asylum

2.1 Applications received for asylum in the United Kingdom, excluding dependants, bynationality, 1993 to 2001

2.2 Applications received for asylum in the United Kingdom, excluding dependants, bynationality and location where made, 1998 to 2001

2.3 Unaccompanied children, aged 17 or under, applying for asylum in the UnitedKingdom, by nationality, 1998 to 2001

2.4 Applications received for asylum in Europe, including dependants, by year ofapplication, 1993 to 2001

Initial decisions made on applications received

3.1 Cases recognised as refugees and granted asylum, excluding dependants, bynationality, 1993 to 2001

3.2 Cases not recognised as refugees but granted exceptional leave, excludingdependants, by nationality, 1993 to 2001

3.3 Refusals of asylum and exceptional leave, excluding dependants, by nationality,1993 to 2001

Applications and initial decisions

4.1 Applications received for asylum in the United Kingdom, excluding dependants,and initial decisions by nationality, 2000

15

4.2 Applications received for asylum in the United Kingdom, excluding dependants,and initial decisions, by nationality, 2001

Applications and initial decisions by age and gender

5.1 Applications received for asylum in the United Kingdom, excluding dependants, bynationality, age and gender, 2001

5.2 Initial decisions in 2001 on applications received for asylum in the United Kingdom,excluding dependants, by nationality and gender

Asylum applicants by number of dependants

6.1 Principal applicants and dependants, and percentages with dependants, 1993 to2001

Asylum appeals

7.1 Appeals determined by adjudicators of the Immigration Appellate Authority,excluding dependants, 1994 to 2001

7.2 Further appeals to the Tribunal, decisions, and the outcome of Tribunal Hearings,excluding dependants,

7.3 Applications for Judicial Review, and outcomes, excluding dependants, 1994 to2001

7.4 Outcome of appeals under the 1993, 1996 and 1999 Acts determined byadjudicators of the Immigration Appellate Authority, excluding dependants, bynationality, 2001

Asylum applicants supported by the National Asylum Support Service

8.1 Summary of applications for support and other information for those applying forNational Asylum Support Service support, in the United Kingdom, in 2000 and2001

8.2 Applications for National Asylum Support Service Support, excludingdependants, by nationality and type of support applied for in 2000 and 2001

8.3 National Asylum Support Service applicants and dependants and percentageswith dependants, in 2000 and 2001

16

8.4 As at the end of December 2001, the number of asylum seekers (includingdependants) in receipt of subsistence only support from the National AsylumSupport Service, by region of the United Kingdom

8.5 As at the end of December 2001, the number of asylum seekers (includingdependants) supported in National Asylum Support Service accommodation, bycluster area and region of the United Kingdom

8.6 Asylum seekers (including dependants) supported by the National AsylumSupport Service by nationality and support received as at end December 2001

8.7 Regional distribution of NASS supported asylum seekers (including dependants)by nationality, as at end December 2001

Asylum applicants detained

9.1 Persons recorded as being in detention in the United Kingdom solely underImmigration Act powers as at 29 December 2001, by gender, length of detentionand place of detention

9.2 Persons recorded as being in detention in the United Kingdom solely underImmigration Act powers as at 29 December 2001, by nationality

Cases accepted at Oakington Reception Centre

10.1 Cases accepted at Oakington Reception Centre, of which initial decisions madeand appeals lodged, 2000 and 2001

10.2 Cases accepted at Oakington Reception Centre by nationality, 2000 and 2001

Removals and voluntary departures

11.1 Removals and voluntary departures of asylum applicants, excluding dependants,by nationality, 1998 to 2001

Acceptances for settlement

12.1 Grants of settlement as refugees, and under exceptional leave arrangements,1990 to 2000

1. Summary Tables

Table 1.1 Applications, decisions and other information for those applying for asylum in the United Kingdom, excluding dependants, 1993 to 2001(1)

Number of principal applicants1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

(P)

Applications received (2) 22,370 32,830 43,965 29,640 32,500 46,015 71,160 80,315 71,365

of which: Applied at port 7,320 10,230 14,410 12,440 16,590 23,345 29,455 25,935 25,210 Applied in-country 15,050 22,600 29,555 17,205 15,915 22,670 41,700 54,380 46,160

Initial decisions in year (3) 23,405 20,990 27,005 38,960 36,045 31,570 33,720 109,205 119,015

Cases reconsidered (year of outcome) (4) • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 1,160 9,990

Decisions (year of outcome) (5) 23,405 20,990 27,005 38,960 36,045 31,570 33,720 101,645 126,200

Granted asylum (5) (6) 1,590 825 1,295 2,240 3,985 5,345 7,815 10,605 12,610Granted exceptional leave to remain (5) (6) 11,125 3,660 4,410 5,055 3,115 3,910 2,465 11,475 21,175Refused asylum and ELR (5) (6) 10,690 16,500 21,300 31,670 28,945 22,315 11,025 67,910 92,420

Granted asylum % (5) (6) (7) (4) (5) (6) (11) (17) (36) (12) (10)Granted ELR % (5) (6) (48) (17) (16) (13) (9) (12) (12) (13) (17)

Refused asylum and ELR % (5) (6) (46) (79) (79) (81) (80) (71) (52) (75) (73)

Granted asylum or exceptional leave under backlog criteria (7) • • • • • • • • • • • • 11,140 10,325 • •Refused under backlog criteria (7) • • • • • • • • • • • • 1,275 1,335 • •

Applications withdrawn (5) 1,925 2,390 2,565 2,925 2,065 1,470 730 1,760 2,495

Adjudicator Appeals

Appeals received by the Home Office • • 10,580 14,035 22,985 20,950 14,320 6,615 46,190 74,365Appeals determined by the IAA • • 2,440 7,035 13,790 21,090 25,320 19,460 19,395 43,415Of which appeals allowed • • 95 230 515 1,180 2,355 5,280 3,340 8,155

appeals allowed % • • (4) (3) (4) (6) (9) (27) (17) (19)

Total granted asylum, ELR, or appeal allowed (year of outcome) (5) • • 4,580 5,935 7,810 8,280 11,610 26,705 35,745 41,940

Removals and voluntary departures (8) 1,820 2,220 3,170 4,820 7,165 6,990 7,665 8,980 9,285

Cases awaiting outcome (At end of year) Initial decision (9) 45,805 55,255 69,650 57,405 51,795 64,770 119,700 88,600 38,800

Grants of settlement

As recognised refugees 2,845 2,255 675 1,115 2,405 4,270 • • • • • •With exceptional leave 1,145 1,030 920 3,080 2,425 2,405 • • • • • •Total 3,990 3,285 1,595 4,195 4,830 6,680 22,505 24,835 • •

(1) Figures (other than percentages) rounded to the nearest 5, except for cases awaiting outcome which are rounded to the nearest 100.(2) May exclude some cases lodged at Local Enforcement Offices between January 1999 and March 2000.(3) Data on outcomes of initial decisions provided at Table 1.2.(4) Cases reconsidered for which initial decision in 2000 or 2001. Outcomes related to date of reconsideration. See Explanatory Note 6.(5) Includes outcomes of cases reconsidered for which initial decision in 2000 or 2001. Outcomes related to date of reconsideration. See Explanatory Note 6. (6) Cases considered under normal procedures. Data for 2000 may include some cases decided under the backlog criteria. See Explanatory Note 16.(7) Cases decided under measures aimed at reducing the pre 1996 asylum application backlog. See Explanatory Note 16.(8) Includes persons departing 'voluntarily' after enforcement action had been initiated against them, and persons leaving under Assisted Voluntary Return Programmes run by the International Organisation for Migration. Figures for 1999 to 2001 may include a small number of dependants leaving under Assisted Voluntary Return Programmes.(9) Data for 1998 and earlier years are not directly comparable with figures for later years. (P) Provisional figures.

1. Summary Tables

Table 1.2 Applications(1) received for asylum in the United Kingdom, initial decisions and percentages, 1991 to 2001

1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001(P)

Excluding dependants Applications received (2) 44,840 24,605 22,370 32,830 43,965 29,640 32,500 46,015 71,160 80,315 71,365 Initial decisions (3) Total 6,075 34,900 23,405 20,990 27,005 38,960 36,045 31,570 33,720 109,205 119,015 Recognised as a refugee and granted asylum (4) 505 1,115 1,590 825 1,295 2,240 3,985 5,345 7,815 10,375 11,180 Not recognised as a refugee but granted exceptional leave 2,190 15,325 11,125 3,660 4,410 5,055 3,115 3,910 2,465 11,495 19,845 Refused asylum and exceptional leave (5) 3,380 18,465 10,690 16,500 21,300 31,670 28,945 22,315 11,025 75,680 87,990 Granted exceptional leave under backlog criteria (6)(7) • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 11,140 10,325 • • Refused on non-compliance grounds under backlog criteria (6)(8) • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 1,275 1,335 • • Percentages of initial decisions considered under normal procedures (9) Total (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) Recognised as a refugee and granted asylum (4) (8) (3) (7) (4) (5) (6) (11) (17) (36) (11) (9) Not recognised as a refugee but granted exceptional leave (36) (44) (48) (17) (16) (13) (9) (12) (12) (12) (17) Refused asylum and exceptional leave (5) (56) (53) (46) (79) (79) (81) (80) (71) (52) (78) (74) Granted exceptional leave under backlog criteria (6)(7) • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • (90) (89) • • Refused on non-compliance grounds under backlog criteria (6)(8) • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • (10) (11) • • Applications withdrawn 745 1,540 1,925 2,390 2,565 2,925 2,065 1,470 730 1,720 2,160

Including dependants (10) Applications received (2) 73,400 32,300 28,000 42,200 55,000 37,000 41,500 58,500 91,200 98,900 92,000 Initial decisions (3) Total 9,140 59,050 36,890 27,755 35,195 49,350 48,530 42,905 45,850 132,925 153,410 Recognised as a refugee and granted asylum (4) 800 1,900 2,860 1,395 2,200 3,660 6,210 8,245 10,405 12,135 14,410 Not recognised as a refugee but granted exceptional leave 2,950 21,680 15,480 5,445 6,780 7,510 4,740 6,455 4,640 12,645 25,580 Refused asylum and exceptional leave (5) 5,390 35,480 18,550 20,915 26,220 38,180 37,585 28,205 13,915 92,330 113,420 Granted exceptional leave under backlog criteria (6)(7) • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 15,195 14,045 • • Refused on non-compliance grounds under backlog criteria (6)(8) • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 1,690 1,775 • • Percentages of initial decisions considered under normal procedures (9) Total (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) Recognised as a refugee and granted asylum (4) (9) (3) (8) (5) (6) (7) (13) (19) (36) (10) (9) Not recognised as a refugee but granted exceptional leave (32) (37) (42) (20) (19) (15) (10) (15) (16) (11) (17) Refused asylum and exceptional leave (5) (59) (60) (50) (75) (74) (77) (77) (66) (48) (79) (74) Granted exceptional leave under backlog criteria (6)(7) • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • (90) (89) • • Refused on non-compliance grounds under backlog criteria (6)(8) • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • (10) (11) • • Applications withdrawn 880 1,795 2,325 2,875 3,060 3,865 3,105 1,785 905 2,080 2,785

(1) Figures rounded to the nearest 5. (2) 1999 figures may exclude some cases lodged at Local Enforcement Offices.(3) Decision figures up to and including 1991 may understate: see Explanatory Note 19.(4) Excluding South East Asian refugees (pre 1996 only).(5) Includes refusals on safe third country grounds, and those under paragraph 340 (paragraph 180F prior to 1 October 1994 and paragraph 101 prior to 26 July 1993) of the Immigration Rules: see also footnote 6 to Table 1.3.(6) Cases decided under measures aimed at reducing the pre 1996 asylum application backlog.(7) Includes cases where asylum or exceptional leave has been granted under the backlog criteria.(8) Includes some cases where the application has been refused on substantive grounds.(9) Percentages for cases considered under normal procedures and those within the backlog clearance exercise are calculated separately.(10) From 1991 figures are estimated. Including dependants who applied with the principal applicant and those who arrived subsequently but before the principal application was decided.(P) Provisional figures.

1. Summary Tables

Table 1.3 Initial decisions(1)(2) on applications received for asylum in the United Kingdom, excluding dependants, by type, 1991 to 2001 Number of principal applicantsYear Initial Decisions(3)

Total decisions

Recognised Not recognised Refusals Granted Refused as refugee as refugee asylum or under backlog and granted but granted Total Refused Refused Refused on exceptional criteria asylum exceptional refused asylum and on safe non-compliance leave under (8)(10)

(4) leave exceptional third grounds backlog(5) leave country criteria

after full grounds (8)(9) consideration (6) (7)

1991 6,075 505 2,190 3,380 2,325 270 785 • • • •

1992 34,900 1,115 15,325 18,465 2,675 595 15,195 • • • •

1993 23,405 1,590 11,125 10,690 4,705 745 5,240 • • • •

1994 20,990 825 3,660 16,500 12,655 865 2,985 • • • •

1995 27,005 1,295 4,410 21,300 17,705 1,515 2,085 • • • •

1996 38,960 2,240 5,055 31,670 28,040 1,615 2,015 • • • •

1997 36,045 3,985 3,115 28,945 22,780 2,550 3,615 • • • •

1998 31,570 5,345 3,910 22,315 17,465 1,855 2,995 • • • •

1999 33,720 7,815 2,465 11,025 8,110 1,830 1,085 11,140 1,275

2000 109,205 10,375 11,495 75,680 50,145 1,240 24,290 10,325 1,335

2001(P) 119,015 11,180 19,845 87,990 66,070 700 21,220 • • • •

(1) Decisions do not necessarily relate to applications received in the same period.(2) Figures rounded to the nearest 5.(3) Information is of initial decisions, excluding the outcome of appeals or other subsequent decisions.(4) Excluding South East Asian refugees (pre 1996 only).(5) Where it would have been unreasonable or impracticable to seek to enforce return to country of origin: see Explanatory Note 3.(6) Figures from 1 January 1991 only. Prior to this, these refusals are included in the column "Refused asylum and exceptional leave after full consideration".(7) Paragraph 340 (paragraph 180F prior to 1 October 1994 and paragraph 101 prior to 26 July 1993) of the Immigration Rules, for failure to provide evidence to support the asylum claim within a reasonable period, including failure to respond to invitations to interview to establish identity: see explanatory note 6. Figures from 1 December 1991 only. Prior to this, these refusals are included in the column "Refused asylum and exceptional leave after full consideration".(8) Cases decided under measures aimed at reducing the pre 1996 asylum application backlog.(9) Includes cases where asylum or exceptional leave has been granted under the backlog criteria.(10) Includes some cases where the application has been refused on substantive grounds.(P) Provisional figures.

Cases considered under normal procedures Backlog clearance exercise

2. Applications received for asylum

Table 2.1 Applications(1) received for asylum in the United Kingdom, excluding dependants, by nationality, 1993 to 2001 Number of principal applicantsNationality 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 (2) (2) (P)

Albania 70 75 110 105 445 560 1,310 1,490 1,065 Czech Republic 5 5 15 55 240 515 1,790 1,200 880 FRY n/a n/a n/a 400 1,865 7,395 11,465 6,070 3,190 Macedonia n/a n/a n/a 15 20 50 90 65 745 Poland 155 360 1,210 900 565 1,585 1,860 1,015 630 Romania 370 355 770 455 605 1,015 1,985 2,160 1,415 Russia n/a n/a n/a 205 180 185 685 1,000 455 Turkey 1,480 2,045 1,820 1,495 1,445 2,015 2,850 3,990 3,700 Ukraine n/a n/a n/a 235 490 370 775 770 440 Other Former USSR 385 595 795 960 1,345 2,260 2,640 2,505 1,335 Other Former Yugo. 1,830 1,385 1,565 620 375 535 2,625 2,200 90 Europe Other 245 535 770 1,035 1,575 1,260 200 415 360 Europe Total 4,535 5,360 7,050 6,475 9,145 17,745 28,280 22,880 14,305

Colombia 380 405 525 1,005 1,330 425 1,000 505 360 Ecuador 60 105 250 435 1,205 280 610 445 245 Jamaica 55 110 150 125 130 105 180 310 480 Americas Other 250 265 415 205 165 165 240 155 175 Americas Total 745 890 1,340 1,765 2,825 975 2,025 1,420 1,260

Algeria 275 995 1,865 715 715 1,260 1,385 1,635 1,145 Angola 320 605 555 385 195 150 545 800 1,025 Burundi 10 50 95 60 85 215 780 620 615 Congo 15 40 80 75 90 150 450 485 520 Dem. Rep. Congo 635 775 935 680 690 660 1,240 1,030 1,395 Eritrea 20 110 245 135 125 345 565 505 620 Ethiopia 615 730 585 205 145 345 455 415 610 Gambia 25 140 1,170 245 125 45 30 50 65 Ghana 1,785 2,035 1,915 780 350 225 195 285 200 Ivory Coast 330 705 245 125 70 95 190 445 280 Kenya 630 1,130 1,395 1,170 605 885 485 455 310 Nigeria 1,665 4,340 5,825 2,900 1,480 1,380 945 835 870 Rwanda 10 100 135 80 90 280 820 760 540 Sierra Leone 1,050 1,810 855 395 815 565 1,125 1,330 1,930 Somalia 1,465 1,840 3,465 1,780 2,730 4,685 7,495 5,020 6,465 Sudan 300 330 345 280 230 250 280 415 390 Tanzania 110 205 1,535 225 90 80 80 60 80 Uganda 595 360 365 215 220 210 420 740 475 Zimbabwe 40 55 105 130 60 80 230 1,010 2,115 Africa Other 395 605 835 705 600 470 710 1,025 1,060 Africa Total 10,295 16,960 22,545 11,290 9,515 12,380 18,435 17,920 20,710

Iran 365 520 615 585 585 745 1,320 5,610 3,415 Iraq 495 550 930 965 1,075 1,295 1,800 7,475 6,705 Middle East Other 655 910 755 600 675 745 1,045 1,330 1,095 Middle East Total 1,520 1,985 2,295 2,150 2,335 2,785 4,165 14,415 11,215

Afghanistan 315 325 580 675 1,085 2,395 3,975 5,555 9,000 Bangladesh 155 310 685 645 545 460 530 795 500 China 215 425 790 820 1,945 1,925 2,625 4,000 2,390 India 1,275 2,030 3,255 2,220 1,285 1,030 1,365 2,120 1,850 Nepal 75 95 100 70 55 105 230 640 640 Pakistan 1,125 1,810 2,915 1,915 1,615 1,975 2,615 3,165 2,860 Sri Lanka 1,965 2,350 2,070 1,340 1,830 3,505 5,130 6,395 5,510 Asia Other 60 170 290 205 210 550 995 565 800 Asia Total 5,175 7,515 10,685 7,885 8,570 11,940 17,465 23,230 23,550

Nationality not known (3) 100 125 50 80 105 190 785 450 330

Grand Total 22,370 32,830 43,965 29,640 32,500 46,015 71,160 80,315 71,365 (1) Figures rounded to the nearest 5 with * = 1 or 2.(2) May exclude some cases lodged at Local Enforcement Offices between January 1999 and March 2000.(3) Where the nationality was not known between 1992 and 1994 the most likely nationality was recorded. (P) Provisional figures.n/a Data not available.


Table 2.2 Applications(1) received for asylum in the United Kingdom, excluding dependants, by nationality and location where made, 1998 to 2001 Number of principal applicants

Nationality 1998 1999 (2) 2000 (2) 2001(P)

Total Applied Applied Total Applied Applied Total Applied Applied Total Applied Applied

at in at in at in at inport country port country port country port country

Albania 560 370 190 1,310 995 315 1,490 245 1,245 1,065 180 885 Czech Republic 515 490 25 1,790 1,750 40 1,200 1,135 65 880 795 85 FRY 7,395 2,800 4,590 11,465 1,575 9,890 6,070 635 5,435 3,190 230 2,960 Macedonia 50 10 40 90 10 80 65 10 55 745 45 700 Poland 1,585 1,465 120 1,860 1,570 290 1,015 480 535 630 440 190 Romania 1,015 215 800 1,985 240 1,750 2,160 305 1,860 1,415 205 1,210 Russia 185 40 150 685 55 630 1,000 75 920 455 60 395 Turkey 2,015 1,620 390 2,850 2,045 805 3,990 2,230 1,760 3,700 1,685 2,015 Ukraine 370 55 315 775 100 675 770 120 650 440 90 350 Other Former USSR 2,260 1,240 1,025 2,640 690 1,950 2,505 510 1,995 1,335 320 1,015 Other Former Yugo. 535 350 185 2,625 1,730 895 2,200 90 2,110 90 25 60 Europe Other 1,260 960 300 200 85 120 415 140 270 360 150 210 Europe Total 17,745 9,615 8,130 28,280 10,845 17,435 22,880 5,975 16,905 14,305 4,230 10,075

Colombia 425 340 85 1,000 750 250 505 220 285 360 80 280 Ecuador 280 205 75 610 390 220 445 135 310 245 35 210 Jamaica 105 55 50 180 65 115 310 85 225 480 125 355 Americas Other 165 55 115 240 75 165 155 55 100 175 70 105 Americas Total 975 650 325 2,025 1,275 750 1,420 495 925 1,260 310 950

Algeria 1,260 345 915 1,385 315 1,070 1,635 305 1,325 1,145 295 850 Angola 150 90 60 545 260 285 800 255 545 1,025 205 825 Burundi 215 65 150 780 95 685 620 95 525 615 115 500 Congo 150 60 90 450 145 305 485 155 330 520 150 370 Dem. Rep. Congo 660 345 320 1,240 645 595 1,030 510 515 1,395 370 1,025 Eritrea 345 145 205 565 255 310 505 175 330 620 115 510 Ethiopia 345 150 195 455 180 275 415 130 285 610 90 520 Gambia 45 10 35 30 5 25 50 10 40 65 20 45 Ghana 225 90 140 195 90 105 285 115 175 200 70 130 Ivory Coast 95 40 55 190 50 140 445 75 370 280 60 220 Kenya 885 600 285 485 195 290 455 140 315 310 70 245 Nigeria 1,380 715 670 945 430 515 835 295 540 870 525 350 Rwanda 280 95 185 820 145 675 760 110 650 540 80 455 Sierra Leone 565 175 390 1,125 580 545 1,330 515 815 1,930 830 1,100 Somalia 4,685 1,620 3,065 7,495 2,080 5,415 5,020 1,180 3,840 6,465 835 5,630 Sudan 250 145 105 280 175 105 415 210 205 390 145 245 Tanzania 80 40 40 80 50 30 60 20 40 80 20 55 Uganda 210 60 150 420 50 370 740 45 695 475 45 430 Zimbabwe 80 50 35 230 180 50 1,010 820 190 2,115 1,495 620 Africa Other 470 165 305 710 330 380 1,025 375 650 1,060 305 755 Africa Total 12,380 4,995 7,385 18,435 6,250 12,185 17,920 5,540 12,385 20,710 5,835 14,875

Iran 745 540 205 1,320 735 585 5,610 1,230 4,380 3,415 1,050 2,370 Iraq 1,295 1,085 210 1,800 1,385 415 7,475 1,920 5,555 6,705 2,350 4,350 Middle East Other 745 435 310 1,045 565 480 1,330 575 755 1,095 350 745 Middle East Total 2,785 2,060 725 4,165 2,685 1,480 14,415 3,725 10,690 11,215 3,750 7,465

Afghanistan 2,395 1,980 415 3,975 2,610 1,365 5,555 2,610 2,945 9,000 4,655 4,345 Bangladesh 460 180 280 530 165 365 795 220 575 500 130 370 China 1,925 490 1,430 2,625 630 1,995 4,000 1,660 2,340 2,390 1,860 530 India 1,030 340 690 1,365 435 930 2,120 455 1,660 1,850 420 1,425 Nepal 105 15 90 230 15 215 640 110 530 640 195 445 Pakistan 1,975 950 1,025 2,615 925 1,690 3,165 865 2,300 2,860 635 2,230 Sri Lanka 3,505 1,840 1,665 5,130 2,865 2,265 6,395 3,890 2,505 5,510 2,700 2,810 Asia Other 550 40 505 995 65 930 565 115 450 800 245 550 Asia Total 11,940 5,840 6,100 17,465 7,715 9,745 23,230 9,920 13,310 23,550 10,840 12,710

Nationality not known 190 185 5 785 685 100 450 280 170 330 245 85

Grand Total 46,015 23,345 22,670 71,160 29,455 41,700 80,315 25,935 54,380 71,365 25,210 46,160 (1) Figures rounded to the nearest 5 with * = 1 or 2.(2) May exclude some cases lodged at Local Enforcement Offices between January 1999 and March 2000.(P) Provisional figures.


Table 2.3 Unaccompanied (1)(2)(3) children, aged 17 or under, applying for asylum in the United Kingdom, by nationality, 1998 to 2001


Nationality 1998 1999 2000 2001(P)

Total Applied Applied Total Applied Applied Total Applied Applied Total Applied Applied

at in at in at in at inport country port country port country port country

Albania 49 33 16 126 116 10 94 25 69 85 10 75 Czech Republic 6 6 – 29 29 – 18 18 – 22 22 – FRY 1,529 259 1,270 1,522 188 1,334 666 70 596 477 19 458 Macedonia 1 1 – – – – – – – 99 4 95 Poland 44 44 – 47 47 – 13 13 – 23 23 – Romania 68 5 63 86 1 85 40 8 32 49 16 33 Russia 2 1 1 3 – 3 2 – 2 4 1 3 Turkey 107 100 7 116 107 9 153 136 17 95 83 12 Ukraine 2 – 2 1 – 1 4 1 3 2 1 1 Other Former USSR 36 15 21 26 20 6 24 15 9 48 14 34 Other Former Yugo. 23 2 21 32 20 12 36 1 35 79 2 77 Europe Other 9 9 – 8 8 – 3 2 1 – – – Europe Total 1,876 475 1,401 1,996 536 1,460 1,053 289 764 983 195 788

Colombia 9 9 – 18 16 2 5 5 – 7 5 2 Ecuador 5 4 1 13 12 1 7 6 1 4 3 1 Jamaica 4 4 – 6 6 – 3 3 – 2 – 2 Americas Other 2 1 1 3 3 – 1 1 – 7 4 3 Americas Total 20 18 2 40 37 3 16 15 1 20 12 8

Algeria 50 10 40 12 5 7 23 9 14 20 3 17 Angola 10 9 1 42 24 18 102 34 68 147 32 115 Burundi 6 4 2 12 1 11 21 10 11 20 7 13 Congo 1 – 1 7 5 2 12 4 8 30 10 20 Dem. Rep. Congo 19 9 10 33 28 5 47 35 12 82 28 54 Eritrea 91 33 58 93 49 44 85 34 51 111 27 84 Ethiopia 66 38 28 54 31 23 62 25 37 141 23 118 Gambia – – – – – – – – – 2 1 1 Ghana 2 2 – 1 – 1 10 9 1 4 3 1 Ivory Coast 1 – 1 1 1 – 5 2 3 6 – 6 Kenya 23 17 6 12 7 5 8 5 3 15 6 9 Nigeria 53 34 19 45 38 7 24 20 4 37 28 9 Rwanda 13 7 6 35 11 24 49 5 44 38 4 34 Sierra Leone 23 11 12 65 57 8 74 60 14 129 80 49 Somalia 153 88 65 189 156 33 177 99 78 198 57 141 Sudan 4 4 – 6 5 1 9 8 1 6 3 3 Tanzania 3 2 1 1 1 – 3 2 1 1 – 1 Uganda 9 4 5 10 – 10 26 1 25 47 3 44 Zimbabwe – – – 6 6 – 34 32 2 35 31 4 Africa Other 8 3 5 8 8 – 28 23 5 48 16 32 Africa Total 535 275 260 632 433 199 799 417 382 1,117 362 755

Iran 8 6 2 14 13 1 65 50 15 23 18 5 Iraq 30 26 4 58 52 6 112 86 26 182 129 53 Middle East Other 7 5 2 16 14 2 14 10 4 20 12 8 Middle East Total 45 37 8 88 79 9 191 146 45 225 159 66

Afghanistan 124 108 16 213 194 19 300 264 36 673 620 53 Bangladesh 2 – 2 4 3 1 4 1 3 14 1 13 China 301 69 232 166 44 122 117 58 59 137 84 53 India 9 9 – 13 11 2 14 13 1 19 16 3 Nepal – – – – – – 1 – 1 2 – 2 Pakistan 12 11 1 19 15 4 25 19 6 25 18 7 Sri Lanka 91 69 22 127 104 23 170 142 28 138 102 36 Asia Other 10 – 10 10 1 9 24 11 13 92 54 38 Asia Total 549 266 283 552 372 180 655 508 147 1,100 895 205

Nationality not known 12 12 – 41 41 – 19 19 – 24 24 –

Grand Total 3,037 1,083 1,954 3,349 1,498 1,851 2,733 1,394 1,339 3,469 1,647 1,822 (1) Unaccompanied at the point of their arrival, and not known to be joining a close relative in the United Kingdom.(2) May exclude some cases lodged at Local Enforcement Offices.(3) Figures exclude disputed age cases.(P) Provisional figures.


Table 2.4 Applications(1) received for asylum in Europe, including dependants, by year of application, 1993 to 2001

Asylumseekers/

1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001(P) 1000 of popn(2)

Schengen Agreement Countries

Austria 4,700 5,100 5,900 7,000 6,700 13,800 20,100 18,300 30,100 3.7Belgium (3) 30,000 16,500 13,300 14,100 13,300 25,000 40,800 48,700 28,000 2.7France (3) 31,400 29,400 23,200 19,700 24,200 25,500 35,100 44,200 53,900 0.9Germany 320,700 127,200 127,900 116,400 104,400 98,600 95,100 78,600 88,300 1.1Greece (4) 800 1,300 1,300 1,600 4,400 3,000 1,500 3,000 5,500 0.5Italy (5) 1,600 1,800 1,800 700 1,700 9,500 33,400 18,000 9,600 0.2Luxembourg (4) – – 400 300 400 1,700 2,900 600 700 1.5Netherlands 35,400 52,600 29,300 22,900 34,400 45,200 39,300 43,900 32,600 2.0Portugal (4) 2,100 800 500 300 300 400 300 200 200 0.0Spain 16,400 11,900 5,700 4,700 5,000 6,600 8,400 7,200 9,200 0.2

Total Schengen 443,100 246,600 209,100 187,600 194,800 229,400 277,000 262,600 258,100 0.9

Other European Union

Denmark (6) 14,300 6,700 5,100 5,900 5,100 5,700 6,500 10,100 12,400 2.3Finland (6) 2,000 800 900 700 1,000 1,300 3,100 3,200 1,700 0.3Ireland 100 400 400 1,200 3,900 4,600 7,700 10,900 10,300 2.7Sweden (6) 37,600 18,600 9,000 5,800 9,600 12,800 11,200 16,300 23,500 2.6United Kingdom (7) 28,000 42,200 55,000 37,000 41,500 58,500 91,200 98,900 92,000 1.5

Total EU 525,200 315,300 279,600 238,200 255,800 312,300 396,700 401,900 397,900 1.1

Other Europe

Norway 12,900 3,400 1,500 1,800 2,300 8,500 10,200 10,800 14,800 3.3Switzerland 24,700 16,100 17,000 18,000 24,000 41,300 46,100 17,600 20,600 2.9

Total Europe 562,800 334,800 298,100 258,000 282,100 362,200 453,000 430,400 433,300 1.1

Non-Europe

Australia 7,200 6,400 7,700 9,800 9,700 8,000 9,500 12,600 12,400 0.6Canada 21,200 22,100 25,900 25,700 24,300 25,400 30,900 36,100 44,100 1.4USA (8) 143,100 144,600 149,600 129,600 52,200 52,100 43,700 52,400 67,100 0.2

Grand Total 734,300 507,800 481,200 423,100 368,300 447,600 537,000 531,500 557,000 0.8

(1) Figures rounded to the nearest 5.(2) Source: IGC data for 2001 where available and 2001 World Population Data Sheet, Population Reference Bureau website.(3) Figures based on IGC data but adjusted to include an estimated number of dependants.(4) Figures based on UNHCR data, including dependants.(5) IGC data for 1993 to 1998. UNHCR data for 1999 to 2001.(6) Signed up to the Schengen agreement but not operating its provisions.(7) Figures have been adjusted to include an estimated number of dependants. (8) IGC data, not including dependants.(P) Provisional figures.

3. Initial decisions made on applications received

Table 3.1 Cases(1)(2) recognised as refugees and granted asylum, excluding dependants, by nationality, 1993 to 2001

Number of grants to principal applicantsNationality 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 (3) (3)(P)

Albania * – – – * * 25 25 30 Czech Republic – – – – – – * 10 –FRY n/a n/a n/a 70 1,355 935 6,290 275 340 Macedonia n/a n/a n/a – – * * * 5 Poland – – – * * * * 20 *Romania – 5 5 5 5 * 5 15 *Russia n/a n/a n/a 5 5 * * 25 20 Turkey 340 90 50 55 85 40 85 180 195 Ukraine n/a n/a n/a – 5 – * 15 10 Other Former USSR – 5 10 5 10 5 10 65 55 Other Former Yugo. – 25 285 1,080 405 70 45 110 25 Europe Other – 5 5 * 5 – 15 50 25 Europe Total 345 130 355 1,220 1,870 1,060 6,480 790 705

Colombia 5 5 * 10 20 150 5 60 40 Ecuador – – – – – – – 25 10 Jamaica – – – – – – – 5 5 Americas Other * 5 10 5 15 25 * 30 10 Americas Total 5 10 10 15 35 175 5 120 65

Algeria 10 20 15 30 105 310 475 65 60 Angola 10 5 * 10 10 5 20 70 100 Burundi – – – – 5 195 20 85 225 Congo – – – – * 5 5 45 105 Dem. Rep. Congo 5 10 15 15 20 10 15 145 310 Eritrea – * – * 5 10 5 35 120 Ethiopia 20 5 5 10 20 35 20 40 85 Gambia – – 10 15 5 10 * 5 5 Ghana 5 5 * 5 10 10 – 40 45 Ivory Coast – * * 10 40 50 – 15 15 Kenya 5 – * 5 15 5 15 50 20 Nigeria – * * 15 65 100 – 20 25 Rwanda – 5 – * 80 145 20 85 200 Sierra Leone * 5 * 5 5 10 5 95 165 Somalia 45 5 10 15 985 2,330 130 5,310 2,845 Sudan 740 30 10 55 60 55 40 110 120 Tanzania – * – * – * * 5 5 Uganda 5 15 5 5 5 5 5 20 50 Zimbabwe – – – * * – – 20 115 Africa Other 25 10 * 5 20 25 5 80 140 Africa Total 865 115 80 210 1,460 3,315 785 6,340 4,760

Iran 100 100 165 195 155 125 55 390 555 Iraq 185 380 570 470 255 510 315 845 815 Middle East Other 55 45 50 80 100 60 45 115 150 Middle East Total 340 520 785 745 510 695 415 1,350 1,520

Afghanistan * 5 15 25 20 35 15 375 2,260 Bangladesh * – – * – * * 20 10 China 15 15 10 10 25 5 5 40 15 India * 5 * 5 * * * 40 15 Nepal – – – – – * – 15 25 Pakistan – 5 10 5 10 5 25 125 220 Sri Lanka 10 10 20 5 55 50 20 900 1,415 Asia Other 10 10 * – * * * 30 70 Asia Total 35 50 60 50 115 100 65 1,545 4,035

Nationality not known – – – – – – 65 225 95

Grand Total 1,590 825 1,295 2,240 3,985 5,345 7,815 10,375 11,180

Acceptances for settlement ofSouth East Asian refugees(including dependants) 510 255 70 20 – – – – – (1) Figures rounded to the nearest 5 with * = 1 or 2.(2) Information is of initial determination decisions, excluding the outcome of appeals or other subsequent decisions.(3) Exclude cases where asylum has been granted under the backlog criteria.(P) Provisional figures.


Table 3.2 Cases(1)(2) not recognised as refugees but granted exceptional leave, excluding dependants, by nationality, 1993 to 2001

Number of grants to principal applicantsNationality 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 (3) (4)(P)

Albania * – * – * – * 35 160 Czech Republic – – – – – – – 10 5 FRY n/a n/a n/a 40 210 75 85 815 2,015 Macedonia n/a n/a n/a – – – – – 140 Poland * * * * 5 * – 20 10 Romania 5 5 10 5 5 * * 20 70 Russia n/a n/a n/a * 5 5 5 45 35 Turkey 855 55 35 20 25 30 15 135 275 Ukraine n/a n/a n/a – – * – 35 25 Other Former USSR * 10 10 5 5 15 5 75 110 Other Former Yugo. 55 1,265 740 295 150 45 5 50 30 Europe Other – 10 5 * * * 5 30 50 Europe Total 915 1,345 800 365 405 175 120 1,265 2,925

Colombia 10 15 5 5 25 60 5 60 55 Ecuador – – * – * 10 – 20 10 Jamaica – – – * – * – 15 15 Americas Other * 5 5 * 5 – 15 35 30 Americas Total 10 20 10 5 30 70 15 125 110

Algeria 10 10 10 15 5 15 30 45 75 Angola 5 * 5 25 110 60 40 200 495 Burundi * – * 5 * 15 85 120 250 Congo * – * – * 75 35 85 70 Dem. Rep. Congo 10 5 15 35 40 405 45 180 330 Eritrea * 5 5 20 30 15 * 60 235 Ethiopia 1,575 45 35 55 35 10 5 80 235 Gambia – * * 5 – 5 – 10 20 Ghana 10 25 15 5 10 50 5 35 45 Ivory Coast 5 – – 5 5 10 – 15 20 Kenya 50 * 15 15 10 5 5 90 70 Nigeria 10 5 5 10 30 65 5 90 130 Rwanda 5 – * * 35 15 60 165 320 Sierra Leone 5 10 20 15 10 35 280 575 1,405 Somalia 3,075 1,575 2,205 3,580 1,015 375 55 3,575 1,960 Sudan 660 20 5 10 15 * 5 70 50 Tanzania 15 5 * * 5 5 – 10 20 Uganda 1,125 45 50 25 100 70 15 30 90 Zimbabwe 35 * * * 5 5 – 10 45 Africa Other 230 50 80 70 90 55 60 110 160 Africa Total 6,825 1,815 2,475 3,900 1,555 1,285 740 5,560 6,020

Iran 130 25 25 40 25 295 20 255 295 Iraq 300 220 175 135 295 500 320 2,455 1,855 Middle East Other 370 55 30 125 75 10 15 100 180 Middle East Total 800 300 230 305 395 805 355 2,810 2,325

Afghanistan 85 * 695 415 635 1,500 1,180 695 7,370 Bangladesh 5 * * * 5 – 5 35 40 China 5 10 15 5 15 15 5 130 160 India 30 30 50 15 20 30 10 45 45 Nepal * – – – – – – 15 15 Pakistan 35 25 25 15 45 15 15 120 130 Sri Lanka 2,420 105 95 25 15 10 10 285 525 Asia Other – 10 15 – * * 5 55 95 Asia Total 2,575 180 895 480 730 1,575 1,225 1,375 8,375

Nationality not known – – – – – * 15 355 85

Grand Total 11,125 3,660 4,410 5,055 3,115 3,910 2,465 11,495 19,845 (1) Figures rounded to the nearest 5 with * = 1 or 2.(2) Information is of initial determination decisions, excluding the outcome appeals or other subsequent decisions.(3) Exclude cases where exceptional leave has been granted under the backlog criteria.(4) May include some cases where exceptional leave has been granted under the backlog criteria.(P) Provisional figures.


Table 3.3 Refusals(1)(2)(3) of asylum and exceptional leave, excluding dependants, by nationality, 1993 to 2001

Number of refusals of principal applicantsNationality 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 (4) (5) (P)

Albania 5 20 70 45 175 260 175 1,875 1,525 Czech Republic – * 5 50 210 180 275 1,775 890 FRY n/a n/a n/a 445 380 565 460 13,830 8,810 Macedonia n/a n/a n/a 60 5 5 5 55 480 Poland 55 90 435 830 860 1,070 520 1,765 790 Romania 170 520 555 760 635 1,155 345 2,695 2,080 Russia n/a n/a n/a 100 65 85 55 900 815 Turkey 710 1,000 910 1,330 1,475 1,015 290 2,090 7,190 Ukraine n/a n/a n/a 50 190 430 80 1,045 1,110 Other Former USSR 30 185 185 225 545 1,260 465 3,285 2,665 Other Former Yugo. 125 475 835 155 165 135 175 1,225 520 Europe Other 70 300 285 855 1,325 1,095 220 605 700 Europe Total 1,155 2,595 3,280 4,910 6,030 7,260 3,065 31,145 27,580

Colombia 80 390 210 365 380 810 155 1,775 660 Ecuador * 15 35 105 740 1,000 135 650 490 Jamaica 5 35 40 115 160 65 40 235 460 Americas Other 30 115 150 120 100 30 20 235 250 Americas Total 115 555 435 710 1,385 1,905 350 2,900 1,855

Algeria 115 410 720 1,835 655 180 160 1,330 2,530 Angola 1,510 370 645 575 535 90 35 425 665 Burundi – 5 * * 5 70 135 405 625 Congo 115 20 25 60 30 15 75 360 690 Dem. Rep. Congo 1,700 680 905 1,025 255 110 50 990 1,795 Eritrea * 10 20 45 90 95 25 330 945 Ethiopia 65 325 475 260 185 60 35 355 835 Gambia – – 280 480 430 165 15 30 65 Ghana 925 1,610 1,960 2,265 1,330 425 130 225 315 Ivory Coast 180 320 455 425 175 285 75 265 445 Kenya 50 575 500 565 980 630 495 785 810 Nigeria 350 1,485 2,625 5,120 4,315 1,840 780 770 1,100 Rwanda * 10 10 10 15 35 150 440 445 Sierra Leone 155 715 925 1,295 380 525 120 480 1,110 Somalia 210 150 185 235 305 100 120 2,365 3,495 Sudan 75 145 60 95 205 65 50 395 595 Tanzania 15 45 365 740 485 140 30 60 110 Uganda 435 405 430 300 525 120 55 480 940 Zimbabwe 15 20 45 90 115 45 105 525 1,950 Africa Other 765 385 525 525 720 465 225 760 1,265 Africa Total 6,675 7,695 11,155 15,950 11,740 5,465 2,875 11,780 20,720

Iran 50 150 190 240 170 125 75 2,815 4,975 Iraq 30 45 50 60 110 90 100 2,220 6,210 Middle East Other 225 640 440 320 260 135 110 945 1,480 Middle East Total 310 835 685 620 540 350 285 5,975 12,670

Afghanistan 25 10 40 50 75 65 90 1,515 2,530 Bangladesh 55 115 120 450 555 275 375 870 910 China 45 265 665 470 1,380 1,500 200 5,480 4,110 India 1,115 1,415 1,960 3,690 2,395 1,450 750 2,125 2,845 Nepal 10 30 30 25 105 25 30 375 960 Pakistan 755 1,970 1,640 2,620 2,870 1,950 990 3,720 3,940 Sri Lanka 260 955 1,225 2,115 1,710 1,950 1,945 6,875 8,225 Asia Other 135 65 75 55 130 120 40 640 1,175 Asia Total 2,405 4,825 5,750 9,475 9,225 7,335 4,415 21,600 24,695

Nationality not known 25 – – 10 20 * 40 2,280 470

Grand Total 10,690 16,500 21,300 31,670 28,945 22,315 11,025 75,680 87,990 (1) Figures rounded to the nearest 5 with * = 1 or 2.(2) Information is of initial determination decisions excluding the outcome of appeals or other subsequent decisions.(3) Includes refusals on the grounds that the applicant had arrived from a safe third country and non-compliance refusals, for failure to provide evidence to support the asylum claim within a reasonable period: see Explanatory Note 6. (4) Exclude cases where an application has been refused under the backlog criteria. (5) May include some cases where an application has been refused under the backlog criteria. (P) Provisional figures.

4. Applications and initial decisions

Table 4.1 Applications received for asylum in the United Kingdom, excluding dependants, and initial decisions(1)(2)(3)

by nationality, 2000

NationalityApplications received (4)

TotalInitialdecisions Recognised as Not recognised

a refugee and as a refugee Total Refused asylumgranted asylum but granted refused and exceptional

exceptional leave leave after full(6) (6) (6) (6) consideration (6)

% % % % %Albania 1,490 1,940 (100) 25 (1) 35 (2) 1,875 (97) 1,480 (76)Czech Republic 1,200 1,800 (100) 10 (1) 10 (1) 1,775 (99) 1,565 (87)FRY 6,070 15,125 (100) 275 (2) 815 (5) 13,830 (93) 10,860 (73)Macedonia 65 60 (100) * (2) – (–) 55 (98) 40 (73)Poland 1,015 1,820 (100) 20 (1) 20 (1) 1,765 (98) 1,445 (80)Romania 2,160 2,800 (100) 15 (1) 20 (1) 2,695 (99) 1,590 (58)Russia 1,000 1,195 (100) 25 (3) 45 (5) 900 (92) 530 (54)Turkey 3,990 3,695 (100) 180 (7) 135 (6) 2,090 (87) 1,095 (46)Ukraine 770 1,270 (100) 15 (1) 35 (3) 1,045 (96) 760 (70)Other Former USSR 2,505 3,795 (100) 65 (2) 75 (2) 3,285 (96) 2,250 (66)Other Former Yugo. 2,200 1,490 (100) 110 (8) 50 (4) 1,225 (89) 1,065 (77)Europe Other 415 920 (100) 50 (7) 30 (4) 605 (88) 450 (65)Europe Total 22,880 35,915 (100) 790 (2) 1,265 (4) 31,145 (94) 23,125 (70)

Colombia 505 2,090 (100) 60 (3) 60 (3) 1,775 (94) 1,600 (84)Ecuador 445 800 (100) 25 (3) 20 (3) 650 (94) 490 (70)Jamaica 310 265 (100) 5 (2) 15 (5) 235 (92) 155 (62)Americas Other 155 440 (100) 30 (10) 35 (12) 235 (78) 175 (58)Americas Total 1,420 3,595 (100) 120 (4) 125 (4) 2,900 (92) 2,420 (77)

Algeria 1,635 1,935 (100) 65 (4) 45 (3) 1,330 (93) 760 (53)Angola 800 1,025 (100) 70 (10) 200 (29) 425 (61) 205 (30)Burundi 620 630 (100) 85 (14) 120 (20) 405 (66) 145 (24)Congo 485 580 (100) 45 (9) 85 (18) 360 (73) 215 (43)Dem. Rep. Congo 1,030 2,005 (100) 145 (11) 180 (14) 990 (75) 610 (46)Eritrea 505 705 (100) 35 (8) 60 (15) 330 (78) 190 (44)Ethiopia 415 895 (100) 40 (9) 80 (17) 355 (75) 220 (47)Gambia 50 75 (100) 5 (10) 10 (20) 30 (71) 15 (39)Ghana 285 420 (100) 40 (14) 35 (11) 225 (75) 155 (52)Ivory Coast 445 365 (100) 15 (4) 15 (4) 265 (91) 90 (31)Kenya 455 1,620 (100) 50 (6) 90 (10) 785 (85) 535 (58)Nigeria 835 1,215 (100) 20 (2) 90 (10) 770 (87) 415 (47)Rwanda 760 720 (100) 85 (12) 165 (24) 440 (64) 150 (22)Sierra Leone 1,330 1,560 (100) 95 (8) 575 (50) 480 (42) 145 (13)Somalia 5,020 11,325 (100) 5,310 (47) 3,575 (32) 2,365 (21) 695 (6)Sudan 415 895 (100) 110 (19) 70 (12) 395 (68) 270 (47)Tanzania 60 160 (100) 5 (5) 10 (13) 60 (82) 40 (54)Uganda 740 740 (100) 20 (4) 30 (6) 480 (90) 250 (46)Zimbabwe 1,010 595 (100) 20 (3) 10 (2) 525 (94) 435 (79)Africa Other 1,025 1,145 (100) 80 (8) 110 (12) 760 (80) 405 (43)Africa Total 17,920 28,610 (100) 6,340 (27) 5,560 (23) 11,780 (50) 5,945 (25)

Iran 5,610 3,690 (100) 390 (11) 255 (7) 2,815 (81) 1,595 (46)Iraq 7,475 5,530 (100) 845 (15) 2,455 (45) 2,220 (40) 825 (15)Middle East Other 1,330 1,470 (100) 115 (10) 100 (8) 945 (82) 595 (51)Middle East Total 14,415 10,690 (100) 1,350 (13) 2,810 (28) 5,975 (59) 3,020 (30)

Afghanistan 5,555 2,590 (100) 375 (15) 695 (27) 1,515 (59) 460 (18)Bangladesh 795 1,250 (100) 20 (2) 35 (4) 870 (94) 560 (60)China 4,000 5,860 (100) 40 (1) 130 (2) 5,480 (97) 3,665 (65)India 2,120 2,435 (100) 40 (2) 45 (2) 2,125 (96) 1,185 (53)Nepal 640 515 (100) 15 (4) 15 (3) 375 (93) 185 (46)Pakistan 3,165 4,715 (100) 125 (3) 120 (3) 3,720 (94) 2,445 (62)Sri Lanka 6,395 9,050 (100) 900 (11) 285 (4) 6,875 (85) 5,115 (63)Asia Other 565 815 (100) 30 (4) 55 (7) 640 (88) 295 (41)Asia Total 23,230 27,230 (100) 1,545 (6) 1,375 (6) 21,600 (88) 13,910 (57)

Nationality not known 450 3,165 (100) 225 (8) 355 (12) 2,280 (80) 1,730 (60)

Grand Total 80,315 109,205 (100) 10,375 (11) 11,495 (12) 75,680 (78) 50,145 (51)

(1) Figures (other than percentages) rounded to the nearest 5, with * = 1 or 2.(2) Decision figures do not necessarily relate to applications received in 2000.(3) Information is of initial decisions, excluding the outcome of appeals or other subsequent decisions. (4) May exclude some cases lodged at Local Enforcement Offices between January and March 2000. (5) Cases considered under normal procedures may include some cases decided under the backlog criteria.

RefusalsCases considered under normal procedures (5)

Initial Decisions



by nationality, 2000 (continued)Number of principal applicants

Applications Applications Nationalitywithdrawn outstanding

Cases considered under normal procedures (5) at end of Granted asylum Refused year

Refused on Refused on or exceptional under backlogsafe third non-compliance leave under criteriacountry grounds backlog criteriagrounds (6) (6) (7)(8) (6) (7)( 9) (6)

% % % %50 (3) 345 (18) 5 (80) * (20) 60 • • Albania5 (–) 205 (12) * (100) – (–) 80 • • Czech Republic

95 (1) 2,880 (19) 165 (82) 35 (18) 240 • • FRY– (–) 15 (25) 5 (100) – (–) * • • Macedonia* (–) 320 (18) 10 (50) 10 (50) 95 • • Poland

70 (3) 1,030 (38) 45 (63) 30 (37) 65 • • Romania10 (1) 360 (37) 185 (84) 35 (16) 35 • • Russia

145 (6) 850 (35) 1,215 (94) 80 (6) 40 • • Turkey20 (2) 265 (24) 155 (88) 20 (12) 55 • • Ukraine20 (1) 1,015 (30) 320 (86) 50 (14) 155 • • Other Former USSR

* (–) 155 (11) 75 (73) 30 (27) 25 • • Other Former Yugo.10 (1) 150 (22) 210 (89) 25 (11) 35 • • Europe Other

430 (1) 7,590 (23) 2,395 (88) 320 (12) 885 • • Europe Total

30 (2) 145 (8) 180 (95) 10 (5) 15 • • Colombia45 (6) 120 (17) 100 (96) 5 (4) 10 • • Ecuador– (–) 80 (31) 10 (90) * (10) 20 • • Jamaica* (1) 60 (19) 125 (89) 15 (11) 20 • • Americas Other

75 (2) 405 (13) 420 (93) 30 (7) 70 • • Americas Total

20 (1) 550 (38) 415 (83) 85 (17) 45 • • Algeria10 (1) 210 (31) 240 (72) 90 (28) 10 • • Angola

* (–) 260 (42) 10 (80) 5 (20) 10 • • Burundi5 (1) 145 (29) 70 (88) 10 (12) 10 • • Congo

30 (2) 350 (27) 610 (89) 75 (11) 20 • • Dem. Rep. Congo5 (1) 140 (33) 265 (95) 15 (5) 5 • • Eritrea5 (1) 130 (27) 390 (93) 30 (7) 15 • • Ethiopia– (–) 15 (32) 30 (88) 5 (12) 5 • • Gambia– (–) 70 (23) 90 (72) 35 (28) 15 • • Ghana

25 (8) 150 (51) 70 (95) 5 (5) 5 • • Ivory Coast10 (1) 240 (26) 625 (90) 70 (10) 30 • • Kenya10 (1) 345 (39) 290 (86) 45 (14) 40 • • Nigeria5 (1) 285 (41) 30 (94) * (6) 5 • • Rwanda

10 (1) 320 (28) 365 (90) 40 (10) 25 • • Sierra Leone30 (–) 1,645 (15) 55 (78) 15 (22) 50 • • Somalia20 (3) 110 (19) 300 (94) 20 (6) 10 • • Sudan

* (3) 20 (25) 80 (95) 5 (5) 5 • • Tanzania* (–) 230 (43) 195 (94) 10 (6) 15 • • Uganda– (–) 90 (16) 35 (88) 5 (12) 10 • • Zimbabwe

15 (2) 335 (36) 170 (89) 20 (11) 25 • • Africa Other200 (1) 5,635 (24) 4,345 (88) 585 (12) 345 • • Africa Total

35 (1) 1,185 (34) 210 (89) 25 (11) 40 • • Iran70 (1) 1,320 (24) 10 (89) * (11) 20 • • Iraq30 (3) 320 (28) 295 (96) 10 (4) 40 • • Middle East Other

135 (1) 2,825 (28) 515 (93) 40 (7) 100 • • Middle East Total

35 (1) 1,020 (39) 10 (100) – (–) 25 • • Afghanistan50 (5) 260 (28) 290 (90) 35 (10) 15 • • Bangladesh45 (1) 1,770 (31) 165 (79) 45 (21) 30 • • China40 (2) 905 (41) 175 (78) 50 (22) 45 • • India

* (–) 190 (46) 95 (88) 15 (12) 5 • • Nepal40 (1) 1,235 (31) 685 (91) 65 (9) 95 • • Pakistan

170 (2) 1,590 (20) 895 (90) 100 (10) 45 • • Sri Lanka5 (–) 340 (47) 70 (79) 20 (21) 30 • • Asia Other

380 (2) 7,310 (30) 2,385 (88) 320 (12) 290 • • Asia Total

20 (1) 530 (19) 275 (89) 35 (11) 30 • • Nationality not known

1,240 (1) 24,290 (25) 10,325 (89) 1,335 (11) 1,720 88,600 Grand Total

(6) Percentages for cases considered under normal procedures and those within the backlog clearance exercise are calculated separately. (7) Cases decided under measures aimed at reducing the pre 1996 asylum application backlog. (8) Includes cases where asylum or exceptional leave has been granted under the backlog criteria.(9) Includes some cases where the application has been refused on substantive grounds.

Refusals

Initial Decisions

Backlog clearance exercise



by nationality, 2001(P)

NationalityApplications

received TotalInitialdecisions Recognised as Not recognised

a refugee and as a refugee Total Refused asylumgranted asylum but granted refused and exceptional

exceptional leave leave after fullconsideration

% % % % %Albania 1,065 1,710 (100) 30 (2) 160 (9) 1,525 (89) 1,120 (66)Czech Republic 880 895 (100) – (–) 5 (1) 890 (99) 800 (89) FRY 3,190 11,165 (100) 340 (3) 2,015 (18) 8,810 (79) 6,915 (62) Macedonia 745 625 (100) 5 (1) 140 (22) 480 (77) 340 (55) Poland 630 805 (100) * (–) 10 (1) 790 (99) 650 (81) Romania 1,415 2,155 (100) * (–) 70 (3) 2,080 (97) 880 (41) Russia 455 870 (100) 20 (2) 35 (4) 815 (93) 590 (68) Turkey 3,700 7,660 (100) 195 (3) 275 (4) 7,190 (94) 6,270 (82) Ukraine 440 1,145 (100) 10 (1) 25 (2) 1,110 (97) 825 (72) Other Former USSR 1,335 2,830 (100) 55 (2) 110 (4) 2,665 (94) 1,780 (63) Other Former Yugo. 90 580 (100) 25 (5) 30 (5) 520 (90) 410 (71) Europe Other 360 775 (100) 25 (3) 50 (6) 700 (90) 565 (73) Europe Total 14,305 31,210 (100) 705 (2) 2,925 (9) 27,580 (88) 21,145 (68)

Colombia 360 750 (100) 40 (5) 55 (7) 660 (88) 550 (73) Ecuador 245 510 (100) 10 (2) 10 (2) 490 (96) 390 (76) Jamaica 480 480 (100) 5 (1) 15 (3) 460 (96) 315 (66) Americas Other 175 290 (100) 10 (3) 30 (10) 250 (86) 200 (70) Americas Total 1,260 2,030 (100) 65 (3) 110 (5) 1,855 (91) 1,455 (72)

Algeria 1,145 2,665 (100) 60 (2) 75 (3) 2,530 (95) 1,925 (72) Angola 1,025 1,255 (100) 100 (8) 495 (39) 665 (53) 475 (38) Burundi 615 1,095 (100) 225 (20) 250 (23) 625 (57) 380 (35) Congo 520 865 (100) 105 (12) 70 (8) 690 (80) 555 (64) Dem. Rep. Congo 1,395 2,435 (100) 310 (13) 330 (14) 1,795 (74) 1,530 (63) Eritrea 620 1,300 (100) 120 (9) 235 (18) 945 (73) 840 (65) Ethiopia 610 1,155 (100) 85 (7) 235 (20) 835 (72) 750 (65) Gambia 65 90 (100) 5 (6) 20 (22) 65 (73) 50 (55) Ghana 200 410 (100) 45 (12) 45 (11) 315 (78) 215 (52) Ivory Coast 280 485 (100) 15 (4) 20 (5) 445 (92) 365 (75) Kenya 310 900 (100) 20 (2) 70 (8) 810 (90) 625 (70) Nigeria 870 1,255 (100) 25 (2) 130 (10) 1,100 (88) 745 (60) Rwanda 540 965 (100) 200 (21) 320 (33) 445 (46) 260 (27) Sierra Leone 1,930 2,680 (100) 165 (6) 1,405 (52) 1,110 (41) 685 (26) Somalia 6,465 8,305 (100) 2,845 (34) 1,960 (24) 3,495 (42) 2,145 (26) Sudan 390 770 (100) 120 (16) 50 (7) 595 (78) 520 (68) Tanzania 80 130 (100) 5 (4) 20 (14) 110 (83) 90 (68) Uganda 475 1,080 (100) 50 (5) 90 (8) 940 (87) 805 (75) Zimbabwe 2,115 2,105 (100) 115 (5) 45 (2) 1,950 (93) 1,750 (83) Africa Other 1,060 1,560 (100) 140 (9) 160 (10) 1,265 (81) 990 (63) Africa Total 20,710 31,500 (100) 4,760 (15) 6,020 (19) 20,720 (66) 15,705 (50)

Iran 3,415 5,825 (100) 555 (10) 295 (5) 4,975 (85) 4,015 (69) Iraq 6,705 8,880 (100) 815 (9) 1,855 (21) 6,210 (70) 4,680 (53) Middle East Other 1,095 1,815 (100) 150 (8) 180 (10) 1,480 (82) 1,210 (67) Middle East Total 11,215 16,520 (100) 1,520 (9) 2,325 (14) 12,670 (77) 9,905 (60)

Afghanistan 9,000 12,155 (100) 2,260 (19) 7,370 (61) 2,530 (21) 1,070 (9) Bangladesh 500 960 (100) 10 (1) 40 (4) 910 (95) 645 (67) China 2,390 4,290 (100) 15 (–) 160 (4) 4,110 (96) 2,890 (67) India 1,850 2,905 (100) 15 (1) 45 (1) 2,845 (98) 1,590 (55) Nepal 640 1,000 (100) 25 (3) 15 (1) 960 (96) 770 (77) Pakistan 2,860 4,285 (100) 220 (5) 130 (3) 3,940 (92) 2,685 (63) Sri Lanka 5,510 10,165 (100) 1,415 (14) 525 (5) 8,225 (81) 7,245 (71) Asia Other 800 1,340 (100) 70 (5) 95 (7) 1,175 (88) 620 (46) Asia Total 23,550 37,100 (100) 4,035 (11) 8,375 (23) 24,695 (67) 17,515 (47)

Nationality not known 330 650 (100) 95 (15) 85 (13) 470 (72) 340 (52)

Grand Total 71,365 119,015 (100) 11,180 (9) 19,845 (17) 87,990 (74) 66,070 (56)

(1) Figures (other than percentages) rounded to the nearest 5, with * = 1 or 2.(2) Decision figures do not necessarily relate to applications received in 2000.(3) Information is of initial decisions, excluding the outcome of appeals or other subsequent decisions. (P) Provisional figures.

RefusalsCases considered under normal procedures

Initial Decisions



by nationality, 2001(P) (continued)Number of principal applicants

Applications Applications Nationalitywithdrawn outstanding

Cases considered under normal procedures at end of year

Refused on Refused on safe third non-compliancecountry groundsgrounds

% %10 (1) 390 (23) 45 • • Albania– (–) 90 (10) 70 • • Czech Republic

10 (–) 1,885 (17) 220 • • FRY* (–) 140 (22) 15 • • Macedonia* (–) 140 (17) 75 • • Poland

10 (1) 1,190 (55) 75 • • Romania15 (1) 210 (24) 40 • • Russia65 (1) 860 (11) 65 • • Turkey20 (2) 270 (23) 55 • • Ukraine20 (1) 865 (31) 170 • • Other Former USSR– (–) 110 (19) 25 • • Other Former Yugo.

10 (1) 125 (16) 45 • • Europe Other160 (1) 6,275 (20) 895 • • Europe Total

10 (1) 95 (13) 25 • • Colombia5 (1) 95 (19) 20 • • Ecuador– (–) 145 (30) 40 • • Jamaica* (–) 45 (16) 30 • • Americas Other

20 (1) 385 (19) 115 • • Americas Total

20 (1) 580 (22) 70 • • Algeria10 (1) 175 (14) 10 • • Angola– (–) 245 (22) 5 • • Burundi5 (1) 130 (15) 5 • • Congo5 (–) 255 (11) 25 • • Dem. Rep. Congo* (–) 100 (8) 5 • • Eritrea5 (–) 80 (7) 10 • • Ethiopia* (1) 15 (17) 5 • • Gambia* (–) 105 (25) 20 • • Ghana* (–) 80 (17) 10 • • Ivory Coast* (–) 180 (20) 20 • • Kenya

10 (1) 345 (27) 80 • • Nigeria* (–) 180 (19) 5 • • Rwanda

10 (–) 420 (16) 40 • • Sierra Leone25 (–) 1,325 (16) 70 • • Somalia

* (–) 75 (9) 10 • • Sudan5 (2) 15 (12) 5 • • Tanzania* (–) 135 (12) 5 • • Uganda* (–) 200 (9) 35 • • Zimbabwe5 (–) 270 (17) 40 • • Africa Other

110 (–) 4,905 (16) 475 • • Africa Total

20 (–) 935 (16) 75 • • Iran40 (–) 1,490 (17) 55 • • Iraq10 (1) 260 (14) 75 • • Middle East Other75 (–) 2,690 (16) 205 • • Middle East Total

180 (1) 1,280 (11) 95 • • Afghanistan20 (2) 240 (25) 30 • • Bangladesh15 (–) 1,205 (28) 20 • • China25 (1) 1,230 (42) 70 • • India– (–) 190 (19) 10 • • Nepal

15 (–) 1,240 (29) 150 • • Pakistan65 (1) 915 (9) 55 • • Sri Lanka5 (–) 555 (41) 40 • • Asia Other

325 (1) 6,850 (18) 470 • • Asia Total

10 (2) 115 (18) 5 • • Nationality not known

700 (1) 21,220 (18) 2,160 38,800 Grand Total

Refusals

Initial Decisions

5. Applications and initial decisions by age

Table 5.1 Applications(1) received for asylum in the United Kingdom, excluding dependants, by nationality, age and gender, 2001(P)

Nationality

Under 18 18-20 21-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-49 50-59 60+ Total(2)

Albania 275 95 195 160 90 50 40 10 5 915Czech Republic 15 50 90 115 85 75 100 25 10 555FRY 1,365 265 360 380 165 95 70 15 10 2,720Macedonia 335 60 105 85 40 20 10 5 * 660Poland 20 45 80 80 55 35 60 15 - 390Romania 165 80 160 240 180 80 80 5 * 1,000Russia 15 25 55 60 45 45 55 10 5 325Turkey 220 485 735 725 440 285 170 30 5 3,090Ukraine 5 15 85 65 50 35 50 5 * 315Other Former USSR 145 75 175 195 130 95 120 25 5 960Other Former Yugo. 5 5 10 10 10 5 5 5 - 50Europe Other 15 25 60 65 40 25 25 5 * 255Europe Total 2,575 1,235 2,095 2,175 1,330 850 780 150 45 11,240

Colombia 10 20 30 40 55 30 30 5 - 220Ecuador * 10 25 35 30 15 15 * * 140Jamaica 5 30 75 110 55 40 20 * * 345Americas Other 5 5 15 25 15 15 25 5 - 110Americas Total 20 65 145 210 155 100 90 15 5 810

Algeria 70 35 160 415 255 105 35 5 5 1,080Angola 185 55 120 140 85 45 15 5 5 655Burundi 30 20 70 115 60 25 15 * * 340Congo 30 5 40 80 90 25 25 * * 295Dem. Rep. Congo 95 45 125 235 160 100 50 5 5 820Eritrea 85 10 40 60 25 10 25 10 10 270Ethiopia 90 15 50 60 45 30 15 5 * 315Gambia - * 10 20 10 5 5 - * 50Ghana 10 5 20 45 35 15 10 * - 140Ivory Coast 10 10 35 60 35 20 5 - - 175Kenya 10 10 25 30 35 20 15 5 - 150Nigeria 45 25 70 160 130 75 55 5 - 565Rwanda 30 25 60 70 50 25 10 * - 270Sierra Leone 130 130 240 315 215 100 60 15 10 1,215Somalia 420 305 435 820 575 325 340 80 165 3,465Sudan 20 20 40 105 70 30 35 10 5 335Tanzania 5 * 5 15 15 5 10 - 5 55Uganda 35 15 40 50 40 20 20 - - 215Zimbabwe 35 180 265 245 195 85 90 15 * 1,115Africa Other 60 45 135 235 135 70 35 5 * 725Africa Total 1,390 955 1,980 3,285 2,255 1,140 855 175 210 12,250

Iran 80 160 610 920 610 275 210 50 25 2,940Iraq 655 1,120 1,675 1,940 575 210 130 40 50 6,405Middle East Other 65 60 190 290 185 90 60 20 10 965Middle East Total 805 1,340 2,475 3,150 1,375 575 400 110 85 10,310

Afghanistan 1,330 830 1,535 2,670 1,035 525 340 105 85 8,450Bangladesh 40 20 65 145 95 50 45 20 5 480China 185 225 265 385 325 380 125 5 * 1,905India 75 135 365 495 275 185 185 30 15 1,750Nepal 5 25 100 170 120 65 65 10 - 555Pakistan 60 95 300 595 450 300 360 130 45 2,335Sri Lanka 210 475 1,070 1,170 680 420 370 95 45 4,535Asia Other 105 40 80 140 65 75 45 10 - 550Asia Total 2,005 1,850 3,775 5,770 3,045 2,000 1,530 400 190 20,565

Nationality not known 30 35 55 65 30 20 25 5 * 260

Grand Total 6,825 5,475 10,530 14,650 8,195 4,685 3,680 855 535 55,435

(1) Figures rounded to the nearest 5 with * = 1 or 2.(2) This figure may overstate because some applicants aged 18 or over may claim to be younger on leaving their country of origin.(P) Provisional figures.

Age of applicant at application dateMale


Table 5.1 Applications(1) received for asylum in the United Kingdom, excluding dependants, by nationality, age and gender, 2001(P) (continued)

Nationality

Under 18 18-20 21-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-49 50-59 60+ Total (2)

20 20 35 25 25 10 10 * * 150 Albania10 50 65 60 45 30 55 10 5 325 Czech Republic85 70 100 85 60 30 25 10 5 470 FRY10 20 20 25 5 * * - - 85 Macedonia20 25 45 45 35 20 30 15 * 240 Poland40 30 65 100 85 40 50 10 * 415 Romania5 10 15 25 20 10 35 15 - 130 Russia

30 80 135 170 85 60 35 15 5 610 Turkey5 5 25 25 25 20 20 5 - 125 Ukraine

40 35 55 70 40 50 60 15 5 375 Other Former USSR5 * 10 10 5 * 5 - * 40 Other Former Yugo.5 10 15 20 15 10 15 5 * 105 Europe Other

275 345 585 665 445 285 340 100 30 3,065 Europe Total

5 15 20 25 25 15 20 10 5 140 Colombia5 10 20 25 25 10 10 5 * 110 Ecuador5 15 20 35 25 20 10 * - 135 Jamaica5 5 10 20 10 5 10 - * 65 Americas Other

20 45 75 100 85 55 50 15 5 450 Americas Total

* 5 10 15 15 5 5 - * 65 Algeria90 35 80 80 45 25 10 10 * 375 Angola20 30 65 85 30 20 20 5 - 275 Burundi50 15 45 50 35 15 5 5 5 225 Congo

130 45 105 130 90 40 20 10 5 575 Dem. Rep. Congo130 15 40 65 40 20 15 5 15 350 Eritrea135 20 40 45 30 5 10 5 5 295 Ethiopia

* * * 5 * - * - - 10 Gambia* 5 10 15 15 5 5 * * 60 Ghana

10 5 25 35 15 * 5 - - 100 Ivory Coast20 5 20 35 30 20 20 5 * 160 Kenya35 30 50 85 50 30 25 5 * 310 Nigeria50 10 50 75 35 30 10 5 * 270 Rwanda

100 85 140 145 90 40 35 45 40 720 Sierra Leone310 275 480 745 495 230 175 85 205 3,000 Somalia

5 - 5 15 10 5 10 5 * 55 Sudan- 10 5 5 * * 5 * - 20 Tanzania

75 10 35 50 35 30 15 5 * 260 Uganda45 155 210 220 155 110 85 20 5 1,000 Zimbabwe40 25 70 100 50 25 15 5 * 335 Africa Other

1,245 785 1,495 1,995 1,265 670 495 220 290 8,455 Africa Total

15 35 55 80 120 65 85 25 5 475 Iran20 20 45 70 45 30 35 15 20 300 Iraq10 10 10 30 25 15 20 5 5 125 Middle East Other45 65 110 180 185 110 140 40 30 900 Middle East Total

70 50 95 115 65 45 45 30 40 550 Afghanistan* * 5 * 5 * * - - 20 Bangladesh

70 100 75 95 75 50 10 * 5 490 China* 5 15 25 15 15 15 5 * 100 India* 5 20 25 20 5 10 - - 85 Nepal

15 30 85 90 130 80 65 15 20 530 Pakistan50 85 190 240 155 80 85 50 35 975 Sri Lanka80 25 30 50 30 15 10 5 * 245 Asia Other

290 300 505 640 495 300 245 110 100 2,985 Asia Total

10 10 10 20 5 * 5 - 5 70 Nationality not known

1,880 1,545 2,780 3,600 2,490 1,415 1,275 485 455 15,930 Grand Total

Age of applicant at application dateFemale


Table 5.2 Initial decisions(1) made in 2001 on applications received for asylum in the United Kingdom, excluding dependants, by nationality, and gender, 2001(P)

NationalityTotal Initial Recognised Not recognised Refusals Total Initial Recognised Not recognised Refusals

Decisions as a refugee as a refugee Decisions as a refugee as a refugeeand granted but granted and granted but grantedasylum exceptional leave asylum exceptional leave

% % % % % %

Albania 1,545 (2) (10) (89) 165 (2) (7) (91) Czech Republic 580 (–) (0) (100) 315 (–) (1) (99) FRY 10,200 (3) (18) (79) 965 (6) (16) (79) Macedonia 535 (1) (25) (74) 90 (2) (2) (96) Poland 510 (–) (1) (99) 295 (–) (2) (97) Romania 1,685 (–) (4) (96) 470 (–) (1) (98) Russia 610 (2) (4) (94) 260 (2) (5) (93) Turkey 6,850 (2) (4) (94) 810 (5) (3) (92) Ukraine 830 (1) (2) (98) 320 (1) (4) (95) Other Former USSR 2,015 (2) (4) (94) 815 (2) (4) (94) Other Former Yugo. 420 (5) (5) (90) 155 (4) (6) (90) Europe Other 585 (3) (5) (92) 190 (3) (12) (85) Europe Total 26,365 (2) (10) (88) 4,845 (3) (6) (91)

Colombia 480 (5) (7) (87) 270 (4) (7) (88) Ecuador 290 (3) (1) (96) 220 (1) (4) (95) Jamaica 315 (1) (2) (96) 165 (–) (5) (95) Americas Other 185 (5) (8) (87) 105 (1) (13) (86) Americas Total 1,265 (4) (5) (91) 765 (2) (7) (91)

Algeria 2,580 (2) (3) (95) 85 (9) (5) (86) Angola 835 (8) (39) (53) 425 (9) (39) (52) Burundi 615 (19) (24) (56) 480 (22) (21) (58) Congo 595 (11) (6) (82) 275 (13) (12) (75) Dem. Rep. Congo 1,540 (12) (11) (77) 895 (14) (18) (68) Eritrea 595 (9) (15) (76) 705 (10) (20) (70) Ethiopia 605 (8) (17) (76) 550 (7) (24) (69) Gambia 60 (5) (19) (76) 25 (8) (27) (65) Ghana 280 (13) (12) (75) 130 (8) (8) (84) Ivory Coast 310 (3) (4) (94) 175 (5) (6) (89) Kenya 465 (3) (7) (90) 440 (2) (9) (89) Nigeria 830 (1) (7) (91) 425 (4) (16) (80) Rwanda 520 (19) (36) (46) 445 (23) (31) (47) Sierra Leone 1,670 (5) (50) (45) 1,010 (7) (57) (36) Somalia 4,745 (33) (25) (42) 3,560 (36) (22) (42) Sudan 655 (14) (6) (79) 115 (25) (9) (66) Tanzania 90 (6) (14) (81) 45 (–) (14) (86) Uganda 535 (4) (6) (90) 550 (5) (11) (84) Zimbabwe 1,150 (6) (3) (92) 955 (5) (1) (94) Africa Other 1,110 (11) (10) (79) 450 (4) (10) (85) Africa Total 19,770 (14) (18) (68) 11,730 (17) (21) (61)

Iran 5,255 (9) (5) (86) 570 (15) (9) (76) Iraq 8,515 (9) (20) (71) 365 (21) (31) (48) Middle East Other 1,590 (9) (9) (82) 225 (6) (15) (79) Middle East Total 15,360 (9) (14) (77) 1,155 (15) (17) (68)

Afghanistan 11,515 (18) (61) (21) 640 (21) (53) (26) Bangladesh 920 (1) (4) (95) 40 (5) (5) (90) China 3,520 (–) (3) (96) 770 (1) (5) (94) India 2,745 (1) (1) (98) 155 (1) (4) (94) Nepal 865 (2) (2) (96) 140 (4) (1) (96) Pakistan 3,705 (3) (3) (95) 580 (20) (6) (74) Sri Lanka 8,685 (14) (5) (81) 1,480 (13) (7) (80) Asia Other 970 (6) (6) (88) 375 (3) (10) (87) Asia Total 32,920 (11) (24) (65) 4,180 (11) (13) (75)

Nationality not known 525 (14) (15) (71) 130 (18) (9) (73)

Grand Total 96,210 (9) (17) (74) 22,805 (13) (16) (72)

(1) Figures (other than percentages) rounded to the nearest 5, with * = 1 or 2.(P) Provisional figures.

Male Female

6. Asylum applicants by number of dependants

Table 6.1 Principal applicants and dependants (2), and percentages(3) with dependants, 1993 to 2001(1)

1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 (4) (4) (P)

Total principalapplicants 22,370 32,830 43,965 29,640 32,500 46,015 71,160 80,315 71,365

of which:

principal applicants with (2) :

% % % % % % % % %

no dependants (88) (88) (88) (87) (87) (87) (80) (90) (86)

1 dependant (6) (5) (5) (6) (5) (5) (7) (4) (6)

2 dependants (3) (3) (3) (3) (4) (4) (7) (3) (4)

3 dependants (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (5) (2) (3)

4 dependants (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (2) (1) (1)

5 or more dependants (1) (1) (1) (–) (1) (1) (–) (1) (1)

Total dependants (5) 5,600 9,370 11,050 7,320 8,980 12,470 20,070 18,555 20,625

Total applicants (5) including dependants 28,000 42,200 55,000 37,000 41,500 58,500 91,200 98,900 92,000 (1) Figures (other than percentages) rounded to the nearest 5, with * = 1 or 2.(2) Information on dependants is of those applying with the principal applicant or arriving subsequently, before the principal application was decided. Information excludes dependants who arrive after the principal decision.(3) Percentages are based on the cases for which the information is recorded.(4) Includes revisions to the number of in-country applications lodged between September 1996 and May 1997.(5) Figures for 1993 to 2001 are estimated.(P) Provisional figures.

7. Asylum Appeals

Table 7.1 Appeals(1) determined by adjudicators of the Immigration Appellate Authority, excluding dependants, 1994 to 2001

Number of principal appellants Appeals determined by adjudicators

Appeals Appealsreceived received Total determined Allowed Dismissed Withdrawn Without foundationby the by the (4) appeals referredAppeals IAA Total As % Total As % Total As % to the Secretary Support (3) of total of total of total of State for furtherSection determined determined determined consideration

(2) (5) (5) (5)

1994 10,580 6,675 2,440 95 (4) 1,970 (86) 235 (10) 145

1995 14,035 15,810 7,035 230 (3) 5,565 (82) 1,035 (15) 210

1996 22,985 22,580 13,790 515 (4) 10,785 (79) 2,360 (17) 135

1997 20,950 22,385 21,090 1,180 (6) 18,145 (86) 1,720 (8) 40

1998 14,320 15,440 25,320 2,355 (9) 21,195 (84) 1,770 (7) • •

1999 6,615 7,775 19,460 5,280 (27) 11,135 (57) 3,050 (16) • •

2000 46,190 28,935 19,395 3,340 (17) 15,580 (80) 475 (2) • •

2001(6)(P) 74,365 47,905 43,415 8,155 (19) 34,440 (79) 825 (2) • •

(1) Figures (other than percentages) rounded to the nearest 5. Numbers might not add up due to rounding. (2) Figures for 1994 to 2000 are based on manual counts of data received in Appeals Support Section of the Home Office. Some cases are received elsewhere in the Home Office before being forwarded to ASS and so may be counted in a later month than when they arrived in the Home Office.(3) Figures for 1994 and 1995 represent the number of appeals sent to the IAA by the Home Office.(4) Based on information supplied by the Lord Chancellor's Department. Determinations do not necessarily relate to appeals received in the same period.(5) Percentages based on total determined excluding without foundation appeals referred to Secretary of State for further consideration.(6) Appeals received by the Appeals Support Section based on electronic sources.(P) Provisional figures.

7. Asylum Appeals

Table 7.2 Further appeals to the Tribunal, decisions, and the outcome of Tribunal Hearings, excluding dependants, 1994 to 2001(1)

Number of principal appellants

Applications Decisions Received Determined

Allowed Dismissed Withdrawn Remitted to adjudicatorsfor furtherconsideration

1994 1,410 1,385 • • 270 10 65 5 190

1995 3,065 3,000 675 390 20 105 20 240

1996 5,620 5,345 1,010 900 55 285 10 550

1997 8,915 (R) 8,130 (R) 2,185 1,375 (R) • • • • • • • •

1998 10,910 (R) 10,315 (R) 1,775 1,090 (R) • • • • • • • •

1999 8,635 9,575 2,135 1,790 • • • • • • • •

2000 6,020 5,490 1,615 2,635 815 1,385 220 215

2001(P) 15,540 13,540 3,860 3,190 475 1,140 150 1,430


Allowed Dismissed Withdrawn Allowed Dismissed Withdrawn

1994 • • • • • • • • • • • •

1995 • • • • • • • • • • • •

1996 • • • • • • • • • • • •

1997 • • • • • • • • • • • •

1998 • • • • • • • • • • • •

1999 • • • • • • • • • • • •

2000 650 1,225 185 170 165 35

2001(P) 315 1,020 125 160 120 25

(1) Figures rounded to the nearest 5. Numbers might not add up due to rounding. (2) Figures based on data supplied by the Lord Chancellor's Department. Decisions and determinations do not necessarily correspond to applications and appeals received in any given quarter. (3) Figures supplied by the Presenting Officers Unit. Figures for October - December 1999 are based on data for November - December. (P) Provisional figures. (R) Revised figures.

Outcome of Tribunal Hearings(3)

Appellant Secretary of State

Outcome of Tribunal Hearings(3)

appeal to the Tribunal(2)Applications for leave to Appeals to the Tribunal(2)

7. Asylum Appeals

Table 7.3 Applications for Judicial Review, and outcomes, excluding dependants, 1994 to 2001


Applications The outcome of judicial review hearings(1)

for leave to movefor Judicial Review(1)

Allowed Dismissed WithdrawnApplications Decisions of which: Percentage of (4)

(2) granted applicants granted Total As % Total As % Total As % leave leave to move of total of total of totalto move (3) determined determined determined

1994 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

1995 855 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

1996 1,225 915 190 (21) • • • • • • • • • • • •

1997 1,350 1,250 320 (26) • • • • • • • • • • • •

1998 1,890 1,220 300 (25) • • • • • • • • • • • •

1999 Q1, Q2, & Q4(6) 1,790 1,125 395 (35) 135 (57) 25 (11) 75 (32)

2000(7) 1,920 2,095 555 (26) 365 (48) 300 (40) 95 (12)

2001(7)(P) 2,210 2,300 290 (13) 260 (68) 60 (16) 60 (16)

(1) Figures based on Administrative Court data. Figures (other than percentages) rounded to the nearest 5 with * = 1 or 2.(2) Decisions do not relate to applications in any given period.(3) The number of which granted leave to move as a percentage of decisions. (4) The decision of the respondent (in this case, the Home Office or the Lord Chancellor's Department) was quashed. These figures include consent orders where the JR was conceded by the respondent.(5) The decision of the respondent was upheld. (6) Estimated figures. (7) Figures exclude Judicial Reviews brought in cases relating to asylum support (NASS).(P) Provisional figures.

(5)

7. Asylum Appeals

Table 7.4 Outcome of appeals(1) determined by adjudicators of the Immigration Appellate Authority, excluding dependants, by nationality, 2001

Number of principal appellantsNationality Appeals determined by adjudicators

(2)

Allowed Dismissed WithdrawnTotal As % As % As %

Total of total Total of total Total of totaldetermined determined determined

Albania 1,185 150 (13) 930 (78) 105 (9)Czech Republic 860 65 (7) 720 (84) 75 (9)FRY 9,095 1,055 (12) 7,670 (84) 370 (4)Macedonia 85 5 (4) 80 (90) 5 (6)Poland 725 25 (3) 625 (86) 80 (11)Romania 810 35 (4) 695 (86) 80 (10)Russia 465 95 (20) 345 (74) 30 (6)Turkey 1,840 485 (26) 1,295 (70) 60 (3)Ukraine 660 80 (12) 545 (82) 35 (6)Other Former USSR 1,635 130 (8) 1,410 (86) 100 (6)Europe Other 285 40 (14) 225 (80) 15 (6)Europe Total 17,645 2,155 (12) 14,535 (82) 955 (5)

Colombia 670 180 (27) 465 (69) 30 (4)Ecuador 300 35 (11) 255 (85) 10 (4)Jamaica 125 * (2) 100 (81) 20 (17)Americas Other 125 15 (11) 100 (78) 15 (11)Americas Total 1,220 230 (19) 920 (75) 75 (6)

Algeria 1,140 140 (12) 960 (84) 45 (4)Angola 215 45 (20) 140 (64) 35 (16)Burundi 185 25 (14) 140 (75) 20 (11)Congo 220 60 (28) 150 (67) 10 (6)Dem. Rep. Congo 645 185 (28) 440 (68) 25 (4)Eritrea 260 105 (40) 145 (54) 15 (6)Ethiopia 265 110 (42) 140 (53) 15 (6)Gambia 25 5 (14) 20 (81) * (5)Ghana 145 5 (3) 125 (85) 15 (12)Ivory Coast 155 20 (14) 120 (77) 15 (9)Kenya 480 90 (19) 375 (78) 15 (4)Nigeria 445 5 (1) 400 (90) 40 (9)Rwanda 130 20 (14) 95 (75) 15 (11)Sierra Leone 120 15 (12) 90 (74) 15 (13)Somalia 675 135 (20) 415 (61) 130 (19)Sudan 250 110 (43) 125 (49) 20 (8)Tanzania 50 5 (15) 40 (79) * (5)Uganda 450 90 (20) 350 (78) 10 (3)Zimbabwe 1,115 255 (23) 815 (73) 40 (4)Africa Other 420 95 (23) 300 (71) 25 (6)Africa Total 7,400 1,520 (21) 5,370 (73) 510 (7)

Iran 1,985 750 (38) 1,155 (58) 80 (4)Iraq 1,655 445 (27) 1,065 (64) 145 (9)Middle East Other 535 145 (27) 360 (67) 30 (6)Middle East Total 4,180 1,340 (32) 2,580 (62) 260 (6)

Afghanistan 595 110 (18) 260 (44) 225 (38)Bangladesh 535 45 (8) 465 (86) 30 (6)China 3,040 185 (6) 2,825 (93) 30 (1)India 1,270 40 (3) 1,180 (93) 50 (4)Nepal 320 40 (13) 270 (84) 10 (3)Pakistan 2,110 230 (11) 1,725 (82) 155 (7)Sri Lanka 4,830 1,810 (37) 2,900 (60) 120 (2)Far East Other 225 30 (13) 180 (81) 15 (6)Far East Total 12,925 2,490 (19) 9,805 (76) 635 (5)

Nationality not known 40 10 (24) 30 (68) 5 (9) (1) Provisional estimated figures rounded to the nearest 5 with * = 1 or 2 (except percentages).(2) Figures are based on the cases for which information is recorded.

8. Asylum applicants supported by the National Asylum Support Service

Table 8.1 Summary of applications(1) for support and other information for those applying for National Asylum Support Service support, in the United Kingdom, in 2000(2) and 2001

Applications (excluding dependants)

2000(2)(3) 2001Applications for:

Support including accommodation 18,555 32,095 Subsistence only support 8,270 20,535 Unknown support type(4) 780 4,990 Total 27,605 57,620 of which: Family cases(5) 4,715 10,825 Single adults 22,890 46,795

Applications where support has been ceased(6) 1,560 13,340

Supported asylum seekers (including dependants)

As at end: December 2000 December 2001

Asylum seekers supported in NASS accommodation(7)(8) 13,530 40,325 Asylum seekers in receipt of subsistence only support(8)(9) 8,870 25,310

(1) Figures are provisional and rounded to the nearest 5 with * = 1 or 2.(2) The National Asylum Support Service only began in April 2000 so data for 2000 are for April to December only. There was also a 6 month roll out period during 2000.(3) Figures for 2000 have been revised since the previous bulletin. The cases where, in the previous bulletin, no support type was specified have now been updated.(4) If a case is deemed invalid for the receipt of support or the case has not yet been assessed the case will not have a support type.(5) A family, in this context, is defined as any principal applicant with at least one dependant.(6) Number of cases who have had their support ceased in each year, not necessarily on cases applying in that year.(7) Asylum seekers that have been allocated NASS accommodation and have been confirmed as having arrived in that accommodation.(8) Excludes cases where support has been ceased by the National Asylum Support Service.(9) Asylum seekers receiving subsistence only support from the National Asylum Support Service. These asylum seekers live in their own accommodation.


Table 8.2 Applications(1) for National Asylum Support Service Support, excluding dependants, by nationality and type of support applied for in 2000(2) and 2001


Nationality Subsistence only accommodation support type(4) Total Subsistence only accommodation support type(4) Total

Albania 115 555 20 690 215 535 75 825 Czech Republic 195 350 20 560 180 635 75 890 FRY 355 985 75 1,415 645 1,180 425 2,250 Poland 90 135 20 240 185 355 75 615 Romania 110 410 15 530 125 790 65 985 Russia 15 145 5 165 65 345 25 435 Turkey 1,135 430 80 1,645 2,365 955 545 3,860 Ukraine 10 50 * 65 80 165 20 265 Other Former USSR 75 315 10 400 190 590 95 875 Other Former Yugo. 15 35 10 55 120 310 95 525 Europe Other 40 85 10 130 70 160 50 280 Europe Total 2,160 3,495 260 5,910 4,235 6,025 1,545 11,805

Colombia 35 30 5 75 105 85 80 270 Ecuador 20 20 5 45 130 70 40 240 Americas Other 5 35 * 45 80 105 50 235 Americas Total 60 85 15 160 310 260 175 740

Algeria 105 355 15 470 240 625 100 970 Angola 40 180 10 230 145 600 95 840 Burundi 25 105 * 135 105 355 30 485 Cameroon 15 90 5 110 80 265 25 370 Congo 60 195 10 270 245 685 180 1,110 Dem. Rep. Congo 70 240 15 325 315 605 165 1,085 Eritrea 55 165 15 240 155 375 85 615 Ethiopia 35 95 5 135 135 315 55 505 Ivory Coast 45 70 * 120 115 155 30 300 Kenya 35 70 10 115 85 150 35 270 Nigeria 25 45 5 70 170 175 70 415 Rwanda 45 110 5 165 95 280 35 415 Sierra Leone 120 200 15 335 510 650 100 1,260 Somalia 865 760 75 1,700 3,365 1,850 375 5,590 Sudan 30 155 10 195 95 270 45 415 Uganda 45 65 5 115 145 220 45 410 Zimbabwe 110 430 5 545 495 925 55 1,475 Africa Other 40 245 5 285 180 465 70 720 Africa Total 1,765 3,580 205 5,550 6,680 8,970 1,590 17,245

Iran 310 3,105 40 3,455 530 2,965 265 3,760 Iraq 365 4,965 35 5,365 665 5,390 285 6,340 Lebanon 30 75 5 110 70 95 40 210 Middle East Other 90 385 20 490 255 640 100 1,000 Middle East Total 800 8,520 100 9,425 1,520 9,090 695 11,310

Afghanistan 760 2,025 50 2,835 1,885 5,575 340 7,800 Bangladesh 75 20 * 95 85 45 20 150 China 245 100 20 365 285 135 45 465 India 75 45 5 125 330 325 15 670 Pakistan 245 270 15 530 720 820 130 1,670 Sri Lanka 2,005 285 60 2,345 4,200 495 335 5,030 Asia Other 50 65 * 115 190 255 30 475 Asia Total 3,450 2,810 150 6,410 7,700 7,645 915 16,260

Nationality not known 35 65 50 150 90 100 70 260

Grand Total 8,270 18,555 780 27,605 20,535 32,095 4,990 57,620 of which:Family groups(5) 955 3,605 155 4,715 2,520 6,680 1,625 10,825 Single adults 7,310 14,950 625 22,890 18,015 25,415 3,365 46,795

(1) Figures are provisional and rounded to the nearest 5 with * = 1 or 2.(2) The National Asylum Support Service only began in April 2000 so data for 2000 are for April to December only. There was also a 6 month roll out period during 2000.(3) Figures for 2000 have been revised since the previous bulletin. The cases where, in the previous bulletin, no support type was specified have now been updated.(4) If a case is deemed invalid for the receipt of support or the case has not yet been assessed the case will not have a support type.(5) A family, in this context, is defined as any principal applicant with at least one dependant.

2001Applications for:Applications for:

2000(2)(3)


Table 8.3 National Asylum Support Service applicants(1) and dependants(2) and percentages with dependants, in 2000(3) and 2001

Year 2000(3) 2001

Total applications 27,605 57,620 of which:applicants with:

% %no dependants 22,890 (83) 46,795 (81)1 dependant 1,825 (7) 4,305 (7)2 dependants 1,355 (5) 2,985 (5)3 dependants 950 (3) 2,115 (4)4 dependants 390 (1) 930 (2)5 or more dependants 200 (1) 495 (1)

Total dependants(2) 10,050 23,100

Total applicantsincluding dependants 37,655 80,720

Average family size(4)(5) 3.13 3.13

(1) Figures are provisional and rounded to the nearest 5 with * = 1 or 2 (except percentages).(2) A dependant is defined as any person who accompanies the support applicant in the UK and will need to be supported. (3) The National Asylum Support Service only began in April 2000 so data for 2000 are for April to December only. There was also a 6 month roll out period during 2000.(4) This is the average (mean) number of people in a family group. The calculation excludes single adults.(5) A family, in this context, is defined as any principal applicant with at least one dependant.

Table 8.4 As at the end of December 2001, the number of asylum seekers (1) (including dependants) in receipt of subsistence only support(2)(3) from the National Asylum Support Service, by region of the United Kingdom(4)

Region

England %

East Midlands 500 (2)East of England 1,690 (7)Greater London 17,910 (71)North East 70 (-)North West 445 (2)South Central 3,150 (12)South West 350 (1)West Midlands 520 (2)Yorkshire and Humberside 285 (1)Total 24,925 (98)

Northern Ireland 5 (-)

Scotland 240 (1)

Wales 140 (1)

Grand Total 25,310

(1) Figures are provisional and rounded to the nearest 5 with * = 1 or 2 (except percentages).(2) Asylum seekers receiving subsistence only support from the National Asylum Support Service. These asylum seekers live in their own accommodation.(3) Excludes cases where support has been ceased by the National Asylum Support Service.(4) Asylum seekers receiving subsistence only support find their own accommodation and therefore may choose to live anywhere in the UK. Due to this, information on the location of these asylum seekers is only available at regional level.


Table 8.5 As at the end of December 2001, the number of asylum seekers (including dependants)(1) supported in National Asylum Support Service accommodation (2)(3), by cluster area and region of the United Kingdom

Region Cluster Area % Region Cluster Area %

ENGLAND ENGLAND (continued)

East Midlands Derby 850 South West Bristol 275 Leicester 915 Exeter 45 Lincoln 70 Plymouth 340 Nottingham 1,380 Disbenefited(4) 5 Disbenefited(4) 5 Total 665 2%Total 3,215 8%

West Midlands Birmingham 3,010 East of England Ipswich 30 Coventry 1,060

Peterborough 285 Dudley 395 Disbenefited(4) 5 Sandwell 170 Total 320 1% Solihull 70

Stoke on Trent 645 Greater London London 655 Walsall 365

Disbenefited(4) 820 Wolverhampton 1,200 Total 1,470 4% Disbenefited(4) 10

Total 6,930 17%North East Darlington 35

Gateshead 580 Yorkshire & HumbersideBarnsley 285 Hartlepool 30 Bradford 1,560 Middlesborough 640 Doncaster 850 Newcastle 1,605 Grimsby 105 North Tyneside 305 Halifax 315 Redcar and Cleveland 250 Hull 1,035 South Tyneside 145 Kirkless 555 Stockton on Tees 365 Leeds 1,320 Sunderland 800 Rotherham 535 Disbenefited(4) 5 Sheffield 1,590 Total 4,765 12% Wakefield 305

Disbenefited(4) 20 North West Blackburn 530 Total 8,470 21%

Bolton (Gtr Man) 830 Burnley 110 Bury (Gtr Man) 300 Total (England) 34,795 86%Liverpool 1,645 Manchester (Gtr Man) 2,345 Nelson 145 Northern Ireland Belfast 70 Oldham (Gtr Man) 330 Other 5 Rochdale (Gtr Man) 320 Total 75 0%Slaford (Gtr Man) 575 Stockport (Gtr Man) 120 Scotland Glasgow 4,750 Tameside (Gtr Man) 150 Total 4,750 12%Trafford (Gtr Man) 65 Wigan (Gtr Man) 665 Wales Cardiff 555 Disbenefited(4) 20 Swansea 80 Total 8,155 20% Wrexham 65

Total 705 2%South Central Bournemouth *

Brighton and Hove 65 Hastings and St Leonard 180 Portsmouth 170 Southampton 345 Disbenefited(4) 45 Total 800 2% Total (United Kingdom) 40,325

(1) Figures are provisional and rounded to the nearest 5 with * = 1 or 2 (except percentages).(2) Asylum seekers that have been allocated NASS accommodation and have been confirmed as having arrived in that accommodation.(3) Excludes cases where support has been ceased by the National Asylum Support Service.(4) Disbenefited cases are cases which were previously supported under the main UK benefits system and have been moved onto NASS support. Some of these cases have remained in the original social services accommodation .


Table 8.6 Asylum seekers (including dependants)(1) supported by the National Asylum Support Service by nationality and support received as at end December 2001

Nationality

Supported in NASS accommodation(2)(3)

In receipt of voucher only support(3)(4) Total

Albania 870 250 1,120 Czech Republic 1,595 315 1,910 FRY 1,685 885 2,570 Poland 585 330 915 Romania 730 200 930 Russia 470 75 545 Turkey 1,980 3,285 5,260 Ukraine 140 75 215 Other Former USSR 845 275 1,125 Other Former Yugo. 335 155 490 Europe Other 255 125 380 Europe Total 9,485 5,970 15,455

Colombia 125 180 305 Ecuador 65 200 265 Americas Other 170 95 265 Americas Total 360 470 830

Algeria 685 325 1,010 Angola 695 145 840 Burundi 285 115 395 Cameroon 260 75 340 Congo 815 245 1,065 Dem Rep. Congo 780 345 1,125 Eritrea 465 175 640 Ethiopia 280 150 430 Ivory Coast 140 130 270 Kenya 190 110 300 Nigeria 80 140 220 Rwanda 215 105 325 Sierra Leone 280 480 760 Somalia 1,810 3,280 5,090 Sudan 350 135 490 Uganda 165 160 325 Zimbabwe 1,045 500 1,545 Africa Other 490 200 690 Africa Total 9,035 6,820 15,855

Iran 5,275 730 6,005 Iraq 7,960 775 8,735 Lebanon 195 95 290 Middle East Other 1,225 340 1,560 Middle East Total 14,655 1,935 16,590

Afghanistan 3,980 1,915 5,890 Bangladesh 70 115 185 China 70 360 430 India 120 360 480 Pakistan 1,420 985 2,405 Sri Lanka 810 5,905 6,720 Asia Other 175 255 430 Asia Total 6,645 9,895 16,540

Nationality not known 145 220 360

Grand Total 40,325 25,310 65,635 of which:Members of family groups 18,915 18,715 37,630 (Families (5) ) 5,635 2,385 8,025 Single adults 21,410 6,595 28,005

(1) Figures are provisional and rounded to the nearest 5 with * = 1 or 2.(2) Asylum seekers that have been allocated NASS accommodation and have been confirmed as having arrived in that accommodation.(3) Excludes cases where support has been ceased by the National Asylum Support Service.(4) Asylum seekers receiving subsistence only support from the National Asylum Support Service. These asylum seekers live in their own accommodation(5) A family, in this context, is defined as any principal applicant with at least one dependant.

As at end December 2001


Table 8.7 Regional distribution of NASS supported asylum seekers (including dependants) (1)(2)(3) by nationality, as at end December 2001

Total

Nationality East East of Greater North North South South West Yorkshire & NorthernMidlands England London East West Central West Midlands Humberside England Ireland Scotland Wales

Albania 55 45 155 120 110 55 5 175 265 980 * 130 5 1,120 Czech Republic 110 65 130 330 565 115 20 215 280 1,835 – – 75 1,910 FRY 165 130 670 225 175 125 30 315 475 2,320 – 230 15 2,570 Poland 45 40 290 80 140 50 10 60 185 900 – – 20 915 Romania 105 15 140 95 305 25 5 140 90 920 5 – 5 930 Russia 25 25 60 90 65 30 5 65 110 475 * 65 5 545 Turkey 280 165 2,805 215 200 220 145 260 255 4,550 5 640 70 5,260 Ukraine 15 10 60 25 25 15 * 10 35 200 – 15 – 215 Other Former USSR 70 35 210 165 190 60 10 125 165 1,030 * 75 15 1,125 Other Former Yugo. 45 35 120 45 45 25 5 45 95 460 5 15 5 490 Europe Other 10 15 95 65 50 35 5 40 70 380 * – * 380 Europe Total 930 575 4,740 1,465 1,870 755 240 1,445 2,025 14,040 20 1,175 220 15,455

Colombia 5 10 190 35 30 10 5 – 15 300 – 5 5 305 Ecuador 10 5 210 10 5 5 – 5 10 265 – – – 265 Americas Other 30 5 70 25 35 5 5 25 55 255 – 5 5 265 Americas Total 45 20 470 70 70 25 5 30 80 815 – 5 10 830

Algeria 60 25 235 55 125 70 35 105 160 865 * 125 20 1,010 Angola 75 15 135 130 185 25 5 90 150 815 – 20 5 840 Burundi 45 20 55 30 45 40 10 45 50 340 – 50 5 395 Cameroon 20 15 75 35 40 10 10 40 80 325 – 10 5 340 Congo 70 20 280 120 175 35 15 125 115 960 * 85 20 1,065 Dem Rep. Congo 70 45 340 70 170 60 30 95 145 1,025 – 100 5 1,125 Eritrea 55 5 200 40 145 15 5 75 80 625 – 10 5 640 Ethiopia 25 5 175 20 60 10 5 60 65 420 – 5 5 430 Ivory Coast 5 5 120 15 30 15 5 15 25 240 – 20 10 270 Kenya 45 25 80 20 25 40 5 30 20 285 – 10 * 300 Nigeria 10 5 120 5 20 10 * 10 25 210 – 5 5 220 Rwanda 30 10 95 25 40 15 10 20 35 275 – 45 5 325 Sierra Leone 30 15 430 25 70 40 5 55 50 720 5 25 10 760 Somalia 335 135 2,675 70 390 185 135 330 335 4,585 – 340 165 5,090 Sudan 30 5 60 20 60 70 15 80 85 430 – 55 5 490 Uganda 20 5 130 25 30 40 5 20 30 310 – 10 10 325 Zimbabwe 230 120 190 130 225 120 25 195 240 1,465 – 50 30 1,545 Africa Other 55 25 150 60 115 35 15 85 100 640 * 30 20 690 Africa Total 1,210 500 5,545 900 1,945 835 340 1,465 1,795 14,535 10 995 315 15,855

Iran 355 110 580 890 1,105 155 45 945 1,010 5,200 10 735 65 6,005 Iraq 440 130 520 590 1,640 285 225 1,840 2,250 7,915 5 730 85 8,735 Lebanon 20 * 105 20 35 5 5 25 35 250 – 35 5 290 Middle East Other 105 25 280 90 265 50 30 165 385 1,400 5 110 50 1,560 Middle East Total 925 275 1,480 1,590 3,045 495 305 2,975 3,680 14,765 20 1,605 205 16,590

Afghanistan 270 130 1,540 510 915 335 70 1,010 650 5,430 * 425 35 5,890 Bangladesh 5 5 50 10 30 15 5 20 10 150 5 25 5 185 China 5 15 295 * 25 15 5 15 15 390 20 15 5 430 India 35 30 145 20 35 65 – 80 40 455 – 20 5 480 Pakistan 145 95 530 80 400 105 15 255 340 1,970 – 395 40 2,405 Sri Lanka 90 340 4,250 160 190 1,225 15 105 45 6,425 5 285 * 6,720 Asia Other 30 5 175 30 45 60 5 25 40 415 – 15 * 430 Asia Total 585 625 6,985 805 1,645 1,815 115 1,510 1,150 15,235 35 1,180 95 16,540

Nationality not known 20 20 165 5 25 25 5 30 30 330 – 30 5 360

Grand Total 3,720 2,005 19,385 4,835 8,600 3,950 1,015 7,450 8,755 59,720 80 4,990 845 65,635

(1) Figures are provisional and rounded to the nearest 5 with * = 1 or 2.(2) These figures include asylum seekers supported in NASS accommodation and those in receipt of subsistence only support.(3) Excludes cases where support has been ceased by the National Asylum Support Service.

Regions within England Countries within United Kingdom

9. Asylum applicants detained

Table 9.1 Persons recorded as being in detention in the United Kingdom solely under Immigration Act powers as at 29 December 2001, by gender, length of detention and place of detention (1)

Gender Total detainees of whom, asylum seekers(2)

Male 1,375 1,145

Female 170 135

Total 1,545 1,280

Length(3) Total detainees(4) of whom, asylum seekers(2)(4)

Less than 1 month 605 4351 to 2 months 230 1902 to 4 months 215 1904 to 6 months 125 1106 months to 1 year 110 100More than 1 year 35 35

Total 1,320 1,055

Place of detention Total detainees of whom, asylum seekers(2)

Oakington Reception Centre 225 225

Immigration Service Removal CentresHarmondsworth 370 250Yarl's Wood 250 230Campsfield House 165 155Tinsley House 85 45Dungavel 35 30

Immigration Short Term Holding FacilitiesDover Harbour 10 10Manchester Airport 5 *

Dedicated Immigration Service wingsHaslar 145 130Lindholme 100 85Rochester 85 80

Prison establishmentsBelmarsh 10 5

Other prison establishments(3) 60 40

Total 1,545 1,280

(1) Figures rounded to the nearest 5, with * = 1 or 2.(2) Persons detained under Immigration Act powers who are recorded as having sought asylum at some stage.(3) Relates to current period of detention; where persons have been transferred to and subsequently from Oakington Reception Centre, excludes time in detention prior to transfer from Oakington.(4) Figures exclude persons detained in Oakington Reception Centre, police cells and those in dual detention.(5) Other prison establishments with 5 or fewer detainees.

9. Asylum applicants detained

Table 9.2 Persons recorded as being in detention in the United Kingdom solely under Immigration Act powers as at 29 December 2001, by nationality(1)


Nationality Total detainees of whom, asylum seekers(2)

Albania 35 35Czech Republic 40 40FRY 90 85Macedonia 5 5Poland 60 55Romania 35 35Russia 10 10Turkey 30 30Ukraine 40 30Other Former USSR 45 40Other Former Yugo. - -Europe Other 5 5Europe Total 400 365

Colombia 5 5Ecuador 5 *Jamaica 135 25Americas Other 15 5Americas Total 160 40

Algeria 60 50Angola 10 10Burundi - -Congo * -Dem. Rep. Congo 20 20Eritrea - -Ethiopia - -Gambia 15 10Ghana 30 25Ivory Coast 15 15Kenya 25 25Nigeria 115 100Sierra Leone 10 10Somalia 5 5Sudan * *Tanzania 10 10Uganda 25 25Zimbabwe 150 135Africa Other 40 30Africa Total 535 470

Iran 10 10Iraq 15 15Middle East Other 35 20Middle East Total 60 45

Afghanistan 5 5Bangladesh 35 35China 85 85India 75 65Nepal - -Pakistan 105 100Sri Lanka 65 60Asia Other 15 10Asia Total 385 360

Nationality not known 5 5

Grand Total 1,545 1,280

(1) Figures rounded to the nearest 5, with * = 1 or 2, and exclude persons detained in police cells and those in dual detention. (2) Persons detained under Immigration Act powers who are recorded as having sought asylum at some stage.

10. Cases accepted at Oakington Reception Centre

Table 10.1 Cases received at Oakington Reception Centre, of which intial decisions made and appeals lodged and made, by nationality, 2000 and 2001 (1)

Total Principal Applicants 3,000 9,125

of which:% of initial decisions

% of principal applicants

% of initial decisions

% of principal applicants

Initial decisions 2,695 100% 90% 8,330 100% 91%Recognised as a refugee and granted asylum 25 1% 65 1%Not recognised as a refugee but granted exceptional leave 10 0% 30 0%Refused 2,660 99% 8,235 99%

Applications withdrawn 30 1% 80 1%

Cases with decision not known (2) 5 0% 50 1%

Cases taken out of Oakington process(3) 275 9% 660 7%

% of refusals % of principal

applicants % of refusals % of principal

applicantsAppeals Lodged 2,475 93% 82% 7,600 92% 83%

% of appeal outcomes

% of appeal outcomes

Appeal outcomes 2,145 100% 71% 5,890 100% 65%Allowed 135 6% 720 12%Dismissed 1,875 87% 4,715 80%Withdrawn 135 6% 455 8%

Abandoned/other 120 4% 265 3%

(1) Figures rounded to the nearest 5 with * = 1 or 2.(2) No final confirmation of a decision had been received when these statistics were compiled on 14 June 2002.(3) Cases may be taken out of the Oakington fast track process if more complex issues emerge, which were not apparent at the initial screening stage, necessitating additional enquiries which cannot be conducted within the Oakington timescales. Or when it is decided that for whatever reason, the applicant is no longer suitable for fast track processing.

Case received at Oakington in:

March-December 2000 2001

10. Cases accepted at Oakington Reception Centre

Table 10.2 Cases received at Oakington Reception Centre, by nationality, 2000 and 2001 (1)

Nationality

% %Albania 380 (13) 450 (5) Bulgaria - (–) * (–) Czech Republic 380 (13) 710 (8) Estonia 20 (1) 20 (–) FRY 360 (12) 390 (4) Hungary - (–) 5 (–) Latvia 35 (1) 80 (1) Lithuania 80 (3) 110 (1) Macedonia - (–) 10 (–) Moldova - (–) * (–) Poland 145 (5) 430 (5) Romania 290 (10) 345 (4) Russia - (–) * (–) Slovakia 25 (1) 40 (–) Turkey * (–) * (–) Ukraine - (–) 185 (2) Europe Total 1,725 (57) 2,780 (30)

Bolivia - (–) 15 (–) Brazil - (–) 10 (–) Jamaica - (–) * (–) Americas Total - (–) 25 (–)

Burundi - (–) * (–) Cameroon - (–) 155 (2) Dem. Rep. Congo - (–) * (–) Ghana 35 (1) 95 (1) Ivory Coast 10 (–) 65 (1) Kenya - (–) 100 (1) Nigeria 30 (1) 405 (4) Rwanda - (–) * (–) Sierra Leone - (–) 20 (–) Somalia * (–) * (–) South Africa * (–) * (–) Tanzania 5 (–) 30 (–) Uganda 25 (1) 225 (2) Zambia - (–) * (–) Zimbabwe 245 (8) 1,260 (14) Africa Total 355 (12) 2,360 (26)

Iran - (–) * (–) Iraq 65 (2) 1,030 (11) Middle East Total 65 (2) 1,035 (11)

Afghanistan - (–) 5 (–) Bangladesh 80 (3) 190 (2) China 445 (15) 1,335 (15) Hong Kong - (–) * (–) India 50 (2) 750 (8) Pakistan 290 (10) 640 (7) Sri Lanka - (–) * (–) Asia Total 865 (29) 2,920 (32)

Nationality not known - (–) 5 (–)

Grand Total 3,000 (100) 9,125 (100)

(1) Figures (other than percentages) rounded to the nearest 5 with * = 1 or 2.

Case received at Oakington in:

March-December 2000 2001

11. Asylum seekers removed

Table 11.1 Removals and voluntary departures(1) of asylum applicants, excluding dependants,by nationality, 1993 to 2001(2)

Number of principal applicantsNationality 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 (E) (3) (3) (3)(4)(E)(P)

Albania 5 10 15 35 90 130 • • • • 530 Bulgaria 10 15 15 30 120 195 • • • • 65 Cyprus 20 150 100 180 345 185 • • • • 5Czech Republic * 20 10 65 225 405 • • • • 800 Slovakia 60 Hungary 5 * – * 5 – • • • • 5 Poland 105 40 240 290 815 625 • • • • 605 Romania 105 90 195 255 305 335 • • • • 450 Turkey 130 145 120 185 250 195 • • • • 170 Russia 20 25 65 160 255 530 • • • • 105 Ukraine 250 Other Former USSR 715 Former Yugoslavia 135 90 95 160 190 220 • • • • 1,780 Europe Other * – 40 * * 5 • • • • 55 Europe Total 530 585 905 1,360 2,600 2,825 • • • • 5,595

Brazil 5 10 25 30 15 15 • • • • 40 Colombia 35 40 95 165 290 215 • • • • 175 Ecuador 5 5 20 55 160 170 • • • • 90 Jamaica 10 10 10 15 45 50 • • • • 180 Peru 5 * 5 15 10 5 • • • • – United States of America 5 5 5 5 * 5 • • • • 15 Americas Other 5 15 40 30 20 15 • • • • 25 Americas Total 65 80 195 310 545 465 • • • • 525

Algeria 50 85 150 200 180 85 • • • • 125 Angola 45 35 30 50 70 25 • • • • 20 Dem. Rep. Congo 45 35 25 70 60 20 • • • • 20 Egypt 5 5 * 5 10 15 • • • • 10 Ethiopia 10 10 10 20 15 10 • • • • 10 Gambia 5 5 60 105 55 50 • • • • 30 Ghana 130 175 210 270 370 290 • • • • 110 Ivory Coast 35 20 25 35 45 35 • • • • 20 Kenya 15 50 80 105 165 130 • • • • 95 Liberia 15 10 15 15 25 10 • • • • *Libya 5 5 5 * 10 5 • • • • 10 Mauritius – – 5 * 5 * • • • • 10 Morocco 10 10 10 10 10 10 • • • • 15 Niger 5 * * 5 – 5 • • • • *Nigeria 105 210 310 395 505 520 • • • • 235 Seychelles * – – * * * • • • • – Sierra Leone 40 55 40 105 75 20 • • • • 30 Somalia 45 20 20 40 50 35 • • • • 25 South Africa 5 20 20 10 20 35 • • • • 25 Sudan 10 10 10 10 20 10 • • • • 10 Tanzania 10 10 20 70 95 80 • • • • 45 Uganda 35 45 60 65 55 35 • • • • 50 Zimbabwe 5 5 * 10 25 20 • • • • 210 Africa Other 15 25 45 45 70 80 • • • • 95 Africa Total 635 845 1,150 1,650 1,935 1,530 • • • • 1,190

Iran 10 15 25 45 45 35 • • • • 165 Iraq 10 10 15 30 40 40 • • • • 90 Lebanon 50 30 30 25 45 30 • • • • 25 Middle East Other 10 10 10 15 50 25 • • • • 50 Middle East Total 80 70 80 115 180 130 • • • • 335

Afghanistan 10 5 10 15 40 15 • • • • 125 Bangladesh 35 40 70 80 100 120 • • • • 145 China 10 20 100 70 120 95 • • • • 90 India 225 290 360 680 825 870 • • • • 430 Pakistan 90 170 190 415 650 710 • • • • 495 Sri Lanka 75 55 60 80 95 140 • • • • 155 Asia Other * 15 15 20 30 25 • • • • 80 Asia Total 445 590 805 1,355 1,860 1,980 • • • • 1,515

Australia * * * * – * • • • • – Oceania Other(5) • • • • • • • • * – • • • • 5 Oceania Total • • • • • • • • * * • • • • 5

Other, andNationality not known 65 45 35 30 40 55 • • • • 120

Grand Total 1,820 2,220 3,170 4,820 7,165 6,990 7,665 8,980 9,285 (1) Includes persons departing 'voluntarily' after enforcement action had been initiated against them, persons leaving under Assisted Voluntary Return Programmes run by the International Organisation for Migration, and removals on safe third country grounds.(2) Figures rounded to the nearest five, with * = 1 or 2, and may not sum due to rounding.(3) Figures may include a small number of dependants leaving under Assisted Voluntary Return Programmes.(4) Figures for 2001 exclude 1,495 dependants of asylum seekers removed in the period April to December 2001. Data on dependants removed have only been collected since April 2001.(5) Included in "Other, and nationality not known" category prior to 1997.(E) Data have been estimated due to data quality issues.(P) Provisional figures.

12. Acceptances for settlement

Table 12.1 Grants of settlement(1)(2) as refugees, and under exceptional leave arrangements, 1990 to 2000Number of grants

Total 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 1990-00

Acceptances as recognised refugees (3)

– excluding dependants (4) 930 745 1,275 2,845 2,255 675 1,115 2,405 4,270 • • • • • •

– including dependants (5) 1,150 950 1,635 4,435 4,090 1,615 2,970 6,740 8,145 • • • • • •

Acceptances of those not recognised as refugees but granted exceptional leave

– excluding dependants (4) 205 240 505 1,145 1,030 920 3,080 2,425 2,405 • • • • • •

– including dependants (5) 265 310 825 1,810 1,850 1,605 6,475 5,040 4,485 • • • • • •

Total acceptances as refugees and under exceptional leave arrangements (3)

– excluding dependants (4) 1,135 985 1,780 3,990 3,285 1,595 4,195 4,830 6,680 22,505 24,835 75,815

– including dependants (5) 1,415 1,260 2,460 6,245 5,940 3,220 9,445 11,780 12,630 38,660 45,120 138,180 (1) Excludes those earlier recognised as refugees or treated under exceptional leave arrangements, but were accepted for settlement on other grounds.(2) Figures rounded to the nearest 5.(3) Includes refugees from South East Asia and persons granted settlement under measures aimed at reducing the pre-July 1993 asylum backlog as announced in the White Paper in July 1998.(4) Includes dependants of refugees from South East Asia.(5) Dependants are recorded in this table as related to persons accepted as refugees or given exceptional leave to remain only if granted settlement at the same time as the principal applicant. These figures exclude dependants that are subsequently accepted for settlement.

EXPLANATORY NOTES

1. This is the latest in an annual series of bulletins giving statistics on applicationsreceived for asylum in the United Kingdom and on the decisions reached.

Asylum Definitions

2. The criteria for recognition as a refugee, and hence the granting of asylum, are setout in the 1951 United Nations Convention relating to the Status of Refugees, extended inits application by the 1967 Protocol relating to the Status of Refugees. The Conventiondefines a refugee as a person who "owing to a well-founded fear of being persecuted forreasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group or politicalopinion, is outside the country of his nationality and unable or, owing to such fear, isunwilling to avail himself of the protection of that country; or who, not having a nationalityand being outside the country of his former habitual residence... is unable or, owing to suchfear, is unwilling to return to it".

3. The Government is committed to speeding up the asylum system. IND have aPSA target for 60% of new substantive asylum applications to receive an initial decisionwithin 2 months for 2001/02. The IAA target for 2001/02 is to clear 65% of all asylumcases through both appellate tiers within 4 months. This is a Court Service target for thecurrent year, but is a formal Service Delivery Agreement for next year (2002/03). Thetargets do not include the length of time from service of the initial decision to the appealbundle being received by the IAA.

4. People who are found not to be refugees within the terms of the Convention will berefused asylum. In certain circumstances they may be granted exceptional leave to remain(ELR) for a limited period.

5. People granted asylum are given indefinite leave to remain (settlement). Thosegranted exceptional leave may apply for settlement after four years with that status. (SeeExplanatory Note 16 below).

6. A reconsideration case refers to an asylum decision by the Secretary of Statewhich is later required to be reconsidered as a result of additional information and orsignificant changes in current circumstances and country information.

7. In addition to individual applications for asylum, there are two informal resettlementschemes: the Mandate Refugee Programme and the Ten or More Plan. A Mandaterefugee is a person who has been recognised as a refugee by, and given protection of,the UNHCR. The Mandate Refugee Programme provides resettlement to those mandaterefugees who are in their own country, or in a third country who are faced with somethreat to their safety or wellbeing and also meet set UK criteria. The Ten or More Planprovides resettlement to disabled mandate refugees who have medical needs thatcannot be treated in their current place of refuge.

8. Non-compliance refusals (under paragraph 340 of the immigration rules andparagraph 180F prior to 1 October 1994) are for failure to provide evidence to support theasylum claim within a reasonable period. From November 1991 these include refusals forfailure to respond to invitations to interview to establish identity under the measures

introduced then. Non-compliance refusals are separately identified in the manual counts ofdecisions from December 1991 (see Explanatory Note 27) but were not previouslyidentifiable from other types of refusal.

9. There is no right of appeal against the decision to refuse asylum in itself, but thoseso refused are subject to a separate decision on their immigration status. Applicants forasylum may appeal under section 69 of the Immigration and Asylum Act 1999 on the basisthat to remove the applicant or require him to leave would be contrary to the UnitedKingdom's obligations under the 1951 UN Convention relating to the Status of Refugees.Section 69 is very broadly equivalent to section 8 of the 1993 Asylum and ImmigrationAppeals Act, which it replaced from 2 October 2000. Immigration Appeals adjudicatorshear all asylum appeals. Those whose appeals are dismissed by adjudicators are in mostcases entitled to apply for leave to appeal to the Immigration Appeals Tribunal and, ifdismissed by the IAT, to the Court of Appeal, on a point of law. However, in cases wherethe Secretary of State has certified the refusal and the adjudicator dismisses the appealand upholds the certificate, there is no right of appeal to the Tribunal.

10. The Oakington fast track facility enables asylum claims which upon initial screening,appear to be straightforward and suitable for speedy decision making, to be determined inabout 7-10 days. Statistics for Oakington relate to all cases received in a particular period(i.e. tracking a specific cohort of individuals) unlike other asylum statistics, which relate toall applications, decisions or appeals within a specific time period. It is therefore notnecessarily meaningful to compare statistics for Oakington with overall totals.

NASS

11. The National Asylum Support Service (NASS) began supporting asylum seekerson 3 April 2000. NASS was set up to provide accommodation and/or subsistencepayments to asylum seekers so that they can support themselves whilst they areawaiting a decision on their asylum application. Any cases that applied for asylum in theUK after 3 April 2000 were only eligible to apply for NASS support (apart from some in-country cases that were part of the roll out - see Explanatory Note 12), whereas prior to3 April 2000 asylum seekers, depending on the location of their application for asylum,could apply for support from the Department for Social Security (DSS) or localauthorities. Asylum seekers that apply for NASS support can apply to: receiveaccommodation only (where they are allocated accommodation in a dispersal area andmust otherwise support themselves); or subsistence only (where they receive cash tosupport themselves but must find their own accommodation); or accommodation andsubsistence (where they are allocated accommodation in a dispersal area and cash tosupport themselves).

12. When the National Asylum Support Service began on 3 April 2000, there was anoperational roll out period. At each stage of the roll out particular asylum seekersbecame eligible to apply for NASS support. Initially (3 April 2000 – 16 April 2000) onlynew port asylum applicants and new in-country asylum applicants who made their claimin Northern Ireland and Scotland were eligible to apply for NASS support. Then, in aseries of stages beginning on 17 April and ending 29 August, new in-country asylumapplicants in different regions of England and Wales became eligible. Finally, in Englandand Wales, responsibility for supporting asylum applicants receiving an initial negative

decision on their application on or after 25 September transferred from local authoritiesunder the interim scheme to the National Asylum Support Service.

13. Asylum applicants who are in receipt of NASS support can have their supportterminated for various reasons. If an asylum seeker receives refugee status orexceptional leave to remain they are entitled to apply for DSS support and therefore hastheir support terminated by NASS. Conversely, if an asylum seekers receives a finalnegative decision, and is a single applicant or a family with no children under 18 theyalso have their support terminated – families with children under 18 remain supporteduntil they are removed from the UK. Also support can be terminated if asylum seekersdo not abide by the regulations set out when the support is provided to the asylumseekers, for example, if the asylum seeker does not move in to the allocatedaccommodation.

14. The English regions include the following counties:

East Of England – Bedfordshire, Cambridgeshire, Essex, Hertfordshire, Norfolk, andSuffolk;East Midlands – Derbyshire, Leicestershire, Lincolnshire, Northamptonshire,Nottinghamshire, and Rutland;Greater London – London and Middlesex;North East – Cleveland, Durham, Northumberland and Tyne and Wear;North West – Cheshire, Cumbria, Greater Manchester, Lancashire, and Merseyside;South Central – Berkshire, Buckinghamshire, East Sussex, Hampshire, Isle of Wight,Kent, Oxfordshire, Surrey, and West Sussex;South West – Cornwall, Devon, Dorset, Gloucestershire, Somerset, and Wiltshire;West Midlands – Herefordshire, Shropshire, Staffordshire, Warwickshire, West Midlands,and Worcestershire;Yorkshire and Humberside – Humberside, North Yorkshire, South Yorkshire and WestYorkshire;The tables also include figures for Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales.

Dublin Convention

15. The Dublin Convention came into force on 1 September 1997. It provides amechanism to determine, according to set criteria, the Member State responsible forexamining applications for asylum lodged in Member States of the EuropeanCommunities; and for the transfer of an applicant between Member States. Prior to theintroduction of the Dublin Convention an applicant might be returned to the state wherehe embarked to the United Kingdom, but, under Dublin, the responsible state in manycases is not the state of embarkation.

Legislative and Procedural Changes

16. In July 1998 the White Paper entitled “Fairer, Faster and Firmer – A ModernApproach to Immigration and Asylum” was published. A number of proposals relating toasylum were made, several of which were implemented immediately (27 July 1998), asthere was no need for primary legislation. These had the effect of abolishing the qualifyingperiod of four years for grant of settlement to those recognised as refugees and givenasylum, and reducing it for those granted exceptional leave from seven to four years. In

early 1999, the Home Office established units to implement further measures outlined inthe White Paper. Many people who applied for asylum prior to July 1993 and were stillawaiting an initial decision were granted settlement from 1999 under measures aimed atreducing the asylum backlog. Decisions on applications made in the period from July 1993to December 1995 were also considered sympathetically, given the delays that theconsideration of these applications had incurred.

17. On 2 October 2000, Part IV of the Immigration and Asylum Act 1999 came intoforce. This superseded all previous legislation on asylum appeals. It introduced acomprehensive one-stop appeals process replacing the old system of multiple appeals.Applicants are required to set out in a statement all the reasons, outside the scope of theoriginal application, why they wish to enter or remain in the United Kingdom. An applicantcan make only one application. Anything he/she says to add to it or change it until suchtime as a decision is made is a variation of that application that will attract only one decisionand one appeal. One problem in the past has been immigration applicants applying forasylum after an immigration appeal has been dismissed in order to delay removal. The“one-stop” system addresses this problem, whilst allowing for genuine changes incircumstances.

18. As from 2 October 2000 the term ‘special adjudicator’ became defunct. The appealagainst refusal of refugee status is now made to an adjudicator.

19. The Home Secretary announced in October 2001 that the Government wereplanning a fundamental reform of the asylum system. The plans were set out in the WhitePaper "Secure Borders, Safe Haven: Integration with Diversity in Modern Britain",published in February 2002. It discussed the key challenges in nationality, immigrationand asylum policy and the measures being taken to produce a coherent strategy. It dealtwith a range of issues such as the benefits that migration can bring through increasedskills and diversity; increased penalties for people traffickers and smugglers; enhancingthe process of acquiring British citizenship and ensuring that those seeking asylum in theUK recognise their obligations to comply with our procedures while we honour ourinternational obligations.

20. The White Paper set out a range of measures to reform the asylum system, basedon the principle that the UK should have a humanitarian process which honours ourobligations to those fleeing persecution while deterring those who have no right to asylumfrom travelling to this country. Among the proposed reforms were the development of aresettlement programme; the tracking of asylum applicants through a managed processof induction, reporting and accommodation centres; issuing asylum applicants withApplication Registration Cards (ARCs); phasing out voucher support; and streamliningthe appeals system.

Statistical Coverage

21. Figures for applications and decisions in this Bulletin do not include certain casesthat were allowed to remain on an exceptional basis, without applying for asylum,because of the situation in the country of origin. The figures do not include certainparticularly vulnerable individuals from the former Yugoslavia and their dependantsreceived in the UK under arrangements announced on 30 November 1992 and 6 August1995. Under the first of these, as at 21 April, 976 principal applicants and 1,239

dependants had arrived. Under the second arrangement 453 persons, includingdependants, had entered the United Kingdom. Prior to these arrangements, 68 sick andwounded ex-detainees arrived from Bosnia in September 1992. This group wereexceptionally allowed immediate family reunion and have been joined subsequently byan estimated 120 dependants.

22. The main data presented in this bulletin do not include Kosovars evacuated fromthe former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia under the humanitarian operation whichbegan in April 1999 nor the number of grants of temporary exceptional leave given toKosovars who arrived in the United Kingdom outside the evacuation programme. Someof these applied for asylum in 2000 at the end of their exceptional leave. The number ofasylum applications from nationals of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (FRY) rose in1999 by 55 per cent to 11,465. FRY is comprised of Kosovo, Serbia and Montenegro butthe majority of FRY applications are thought to be from Kosovars. The United Kingdomgave substantive consideration to large numbers of asylum applications lodged bynationals of FRY in 1999. In addition to consideration of these asylum applications, theGovernment announced that the United Kingdom was willing to receive people fromKosovo whom the UNHCR had classified as being vulnerable and in need of evacuation,together with their dependants (see Explanatory Note 18). These persons were admittedon an exceptional basis for twelve months and as such are not included in the statistics ofpersons applying for asylum. As at the end of June 1999 4,346 people, includingdependants, had arrived. The evacuation programme closed at the beginning of July 1999.Since then a further 63 people had arrived on subsequent medical evacuation flights. Atthe end of July 2000 over 3,300 Kosovars had returned to FRY.

23. The figures for applications only relate to the initial application for asylum. Theyexclude applications to upgrade exceptional leave to remain to refugee status and forfurther extensions of exceptional leave to remain. Grants of ELR are only recorded in thestatistics on the first occasion that it is granted, not again when it is extended.

24. There is no provision in the Immigration Rules to seek asylum in the UK fromabroad. However, exceptionally, some cases are referred to the Home Office fromoverseas diplomatic posts. If entry clearance is granted exceptionally, and the applicantsubsequently travels to the UK and applies for asylum, the application would be included inthe figures in the same way as other applications. Limited information is available onapplications that are processed abroad. No overseas applications are recorded as havingbeen lodged since 1992.

25. Annual information on persons detained who had sought asylum is not available butsnapshots of the situation on particular days of the year have been taken. The figuresshown in Tables 9.1, 9.2 and 9.3 are for those asylum seekers recorded as being held indetention (solely under powers contained in the Immigration 1971) on 29 December 2001.

26. The available information on dependants, shown in Tables 1.2 and 6.1, is for thosewho apply with the principal applicant, or who arrive subsequently but before the initialdecision on the principal applicant is made. Information on dependants who arrive after theinitial decision is not available.

27. Application figures from 1991 to April 2000 and decision figures from December1991 to May 2000 are derived from manual counts of cases as they arrive and when

decisions are taken. After these dates, data were taken from the Asylum CasesInformation Database. All figures relate to principal applicants, excluding dependants. Forthis reason, and to give a clearer picture of trends, the application and decision figures forall years shown in the main detailed tables in this bulletin and the nine previous issues(12/92 through to 17/00) similarly exclude dependants, which were included in the figuresin earlier issues of this bulletin. Table 1.2 shows summary figures both including andexcluding associated dependants (see Explanatory Note 26) for comparison. Howeverwhen comparing applications received in other countries, estimates for dependants havebeen included to make the figures as comparable as possible.

28. Decision figures for 1991 may understate because a proportion was not recorded onthe various legacy computer systems. This under-recording may be greater for refusalsthan for other decisions. This has a cumulative effect on the number of applications shownas still outstanding. The figures for applications outstanding up to the end of 1991 aretherefore maxima, which overstate the true situation and are rounded substantially toindicate their approximate nature. However, the figures shown for later years in tables 1.1,4.1 and 4.2 are based on full counts of cases outstanding in November 1992, November1993, December 1996 and August 2001 and are therefore more accurate estimates.

29. Data are presented for the following nationality groupings:

Other Former USSR – nationalities recorded as: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarussia,Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Tajikistan,Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and ‘other USSR’;Other Former Yugo. – nationalities recorded as: Bosnia-Herzegovina, Croatia andSlovenia;Europe Other – nationalities recorded as: Bulgaria, Cyprus, Hungary, Slovakia, and‘other Europe’;Americas Other – nationalities recorded as: Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize,Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Grenada,Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico,Surinam, Trinidad & Tobago, Uruguay, Venezuela, Virgin Islands, and ‘other Americas’;Africa Other – nationalities recorded as: Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Cape Verde,Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea,Gabon, Guinea, Guinea Bissau, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania,Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Sao Tome Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, SouthAfrica, Swaziland, Togo, Zambia, and ‘other Africa’;Middle East Other – nationalities recorded as: Bahrain, Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait,Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Tunisia, United ArabEmirates, and Yemen;Asia Other – nationalities recorded as: Australia, Bhutan, Brunei, Burma (Myanmar),Cambodia, Cook Islands, East Timor, Fiji, Honk Kong, Indonesia, Japan, Kiribati, KoreaNorth, Korea South, Laos, Macau, Malaysia, Maldives, Mongolia, Nauru, New Caledonia,New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Taiwan,Thailand, Tonga, Tuvalu, Vanuatu, Vietnam, Western Samoa, and ‘other Asia’.

30. The components in some of the tables in this bulletin may not add to the totalsshown because they have been rounded independently. The following symbols have beenused in the tables:

─ nil* 1 or 2 where figures have been rounded to the nearest 5.. not available

Data quality

31. This bulletin incorporates revisions to the provisional data issued quarterly on theHome Office RDS website: http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/immigration1.html.

Revisions to data on asylum applications and decisionsDuring the first half of 2000, IND developed a new integrated database for recordingasylum case information including applications and decisions as a source for the publishedstatistics. This new system is now generating information of much better quality than thatavailable in previous years, allowing cross-checking between applications and decisionsdata, and reconciliation with alternative sources.

During the last year, publication of provisional data on the RDS website has changed frommonthly to quarterly, together with taking more time to get the figures right, and theintroduction of estimation for late reporting. These improvements have meant that therevisions to the provisional data are small. The number of applications in 2001 has beenrevised down slightly from the provisional 71,700 to 71,365, and the number of initialdecisions has been revised up slightly from 118,195 to 119,015. Data on appeals receivedby the Home Office during January-March 2001 have been revised downwards from29,925 based on manual counts to 23,700 based on electronic data.

Related publications

32. The following Research Development and Statistics Directorate publications includeinformation about immigration control and international migration:

Asylum Statistics: 1st Quarter 2002 United Kingdomhttp://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/pdfs2/asylumq102.pdf

Control of Immigration Statistics: United Kingdom, 2000http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/pdfs/hosb1401.pdf

'Command Paper' Control of Immigration: Statistics United Kingdom 2000http://www.archive.official-documents.co.uk/document/cm53/5315-i/5315-i.htm

'Persons Granted British Citizenship, 2000'http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/pdfs/hosb901.pdf

Occasional Paper 67 Migration: an economic and social analysishttp://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/pdfs/occ67-migration.pdf

Occasional Paper 75 - International migration and the United Kingdom: Recent patternsand trends Final report to the Home Office December 2001http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/pdfs/occ75.pdf

http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/immigration1.html

http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/pdfs2/asylumq102.pdf


http://www.archive.official-documents.co.uk/document/cm53/5315-i/5315-i.htm


http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/pdfs/occ67-migration.pdf

http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/pdfs/occ75.pdf

Occasional Paper 77 - The migrant population in the UK: fiscal effects (Ceri Gott and KarlJohnston) http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/pdfs/occ77migrant.pdf

'Bridging the Information Gaps: A Conference of Research on Asylum and Immigration inthe UK - 2001' http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/pdfs/irssconf21301.pdf

Findings 172 and Home Office Research Series 243 "Understanding the decision-makingof asylum seekers" Vaughan Robinson and Jeremy Segrotthttp://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/rfpubs1.html

Findings 165, Web-only publication "The social networks of asylum seekers and thedissemination of information about countries of origin" Khalid Koser and CharlesPinkerton http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/rfpubs1.html

Meeting refugees’ needs in Britain: the role of refugee specific initiatives, Jenny Carey-Wood, 1997 Occasional Paper http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/pdfs/occ-refugee.pdf

Asylum-seekers’ experiences of the voucher scheme in the UK - fieldwork report, AndreaEagle, Lesley Duff, Carolyne Tah and Nicola Smith, March 2002http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/pdfs2/asylumexp.pdf

Migration policies towards highly skilled foreign workers, Gail Mclaughlan and John Salt,June 2002 http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/pdfs2/migrationpolicies.pdf

33. The following Office for National Statistics publications include information aboutinternational migration and population:

Population Trends 108 (summer 2002) http://www.statistics.gov.uk/downloads/theme_population/PT108.pdf

International migration - Migrants entering or leaving the United Kingdom and Englandand Wales http://www.statistics.gov.uk/downloads/theme_population/MN27_v2.pdf

http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/pdfs/occ77migrant.pdf

http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/pdfs/irssconf21301.pdf

http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/rfpubs1.html

http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/rfpubs1.html

http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/pdfs/occ-refugee.pdf

http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/pdfs2/asylumexp.pdf

http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/pdfs2/migrationpolicies.pdf

http://www.statistics.gov.uk/downloads/theme_population/PT108.pdf

http://www.statistics.gov.uk/downloads/theme_population/MN27_v2.pdf

Further information

34. Immigration Research and Statistics Service in the Research Development andStatistics Directorate of the Home Office has prepared this bulletin. The address forenquiries about the contents of this bulletin is:

Immigration Research and Statistics ServiceResearch Development and Statistics DirectorateRoom 1303Apollo HouseWellesley RoadCroydonSurrey CR9 3RR Telephone: 020 - 8760 8280

Further copies of this and previous bulletins, or other Home Office statistical bulletins, maybe obtained from:

Home Office Research Development and Statistics DirectorateRoom 27550 Queen Anne’s Gate LondonSW1H 9AT Telephone: 020 - 7273 2084

Fax: 020 - 7222 0211Email: [email protected]

Press enquiries should be made to:

Home Office Press Office50 Queen Anne's GateLondonSW1H 9AT Telephone: 020 -7273 4545

This bulletin and monthly reports of asylum applications, initial decisions and appeals arepublished on the RDS Internet site http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/immigration1.html.

http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/immigration1.html.

The Home OfficeResearch Development and Statistics Directorate

Mission Statement

"The Research Development and Statistics Directorate is an integral part of the HomeOffice, serving Ministers and the department, its services, Parliament and the publicthrough research, development and statistics. Information and knowledge from thesesources informs policy development and the management of programmes; theirdissemination improves wider public understanding of matters of Home Officeconcern.

“RDS is also part of National Statistics (NS). One of the aims of NS is to informParliament and the citizen about the state of the nation and provide a window on thework and performance of government, allowing the impact of government policies andactions to be assessed.”

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