The 20th Century Reanalysis Project Jeff Whitaker, Gil Compo, Nobuki Matsui and Prashant Sardesmukh...
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![Page 1: The 20th Century Reanalysis Project Jeff Whitaker, Gil Compo, Nobuki Matsui and Prashant Sardesmukh NOAA/ESRL and Univ. of Colorado/CIRES.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062301/56649d885503460f94a6c8bb/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The 20th Century
Reanalysis Project
Jeff Whitaker, Gil Compo, Nobuki Matsui and Prashant
Sardesmukh
NOAA/ESRL and Univ. of Colorado/CIRES
![Page 2: The 20th Century Reanalysis Project Jeff Whitaker, Gil Compo, Nobuki Matsui and Prashant Sardesmukh NOAA/ESRL and Univ. of Colorado/CIRES.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062301/56649d885503460f94a6c8bb/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
The 20th Century Reanalysis• What:
– A 6-hourly reanalysis from 1892-present (1918-1949 done so far), using only surface pressure observations.
• Why:– No daily gridded tropospheric-wide circulation
dataset before 1948 exists.– Evaluate models, understand causes for 20th
century climate variations (e.g. 30’s U.S. drought, 20-40’s polar warming).
• How:– 56 member Ensemble Kalman Filter, T26L28
CFS03 model.– Includes analysis error estimate.
![Page 3: The 20th Century Reanalysis Project Jeff Whitaker, Gil Compo, Nobuki Matsui and Prashant Sardesmukh NOAA/ESRL and Univ. of Colorado/CIRES.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062301/56649d885503460f94a6c8bb/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Feasibility OSE• Subset of operational ps obs
for DJF 2004/2005.
• EnKF with CFS at T62, 3DVar and 4DVar with ECMWF IFS at T159 (courtesy Jean-Noel Thepaut).
• OSE with 1998 GFS in Feb 2006 BAMS.
![Page 4: The 20th Century Reanalysis Project Jeff Whitaker, Gil Compo, Nobuki Matsui and Prashant Sardesmukh NOAA/ESRL and Univ. of Colorado/CIRES.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062301/56649d885503460f94a6c8bb/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
EnKFError=34 m
EC 4DVarError=31 m
EC 3DVarError=104 m
NCEPOperational
![Page 5: The 20th Century Reanalysis Project Jeff Whitaker, Gil Compo, Nobuki Matsui and Prashant Sardesmukh NOAA/ESRL and Univ. of Colorado/CIRES.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062301/56649d885503460f94a6c8bb/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Mean and Spread Dec 1, 1918-1949
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are needed to see this picture.
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1918-1948: 24-h forecast skill
![Page 7: The 20th Century Reanalysis Project Jeff Whitaker, Gil Compo, Nobuki Matsui and Prashant Sardesmukh NOAA/ESRL and Univ. of Colorado/CIRES.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062301/56649d885503460f94a6c8bb/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
1918-1948: 24-h forecast skill
![Page 8: The 20th Century Reanalysis Project Jeff Whitaker, Gil Compo, Nobuki Matsui and Prashant Sardesmukh NOAA/ESRL and Univ. of Colorado/CIRES.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062301/56649d885503460f94a6c8bb/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
1918-1948: 24-h forecast skill
![Page 9: The 20th Century Reanalysis Project Jeff Whitaker, Gil Compo, Nobuki Matsui and Prashant Sardesmukh NOAA/ESRL and Univ. of Colorado/CIRES.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062301/56649d885503460f94a6c8bb/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Uncertainty estimate (blue actual O-F, red expected O-F)
![Page 10: The 20th Century Reanalysis Project Jeff Whitaker, Gil Compo, Nobuki Matsui and Prashant Sardesmukh NOAA/ESRL and Univ. of Colorado/CIRES.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062301/56649d885503460f94a6c8bb/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
T700 Verification - Independent Obs(courtesy S. Bronniman and A. Grant, ETH)
MAE = 1.59 KExpected Error = 1.73 K*
MAE = 1.58 KExpected Error = 1.71 K*
* Assumes observation error of 1.5 K
Anom Corr = 0.87 Anom Corr = 0.90
![Page 11: The 20th Century Reanalysis Project Jeff Whitaker, Gil Compo, Nobuki Matsui and Prashant Sardesmukh NOAA/ESRL and Univ. of Colorado/CIRES.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062301/56649d885503460f94a6c8bb/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Z500 Verification - Independent Ob(courtesy S. Bronniman and A Grant, ETH)
* Assumes observation error of 20 m
Anom Corr = 0.96
MAE = 25.8 mExpected Error = 23.7 m*
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Sep 1938 New England Hurricane
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are needed to see this picture.
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1930’s U.S. Drought(Precip)
Observed Anomalies(1895-2000 base period)
Analyzed Anomalies(1918-1948 base period)with Z500 field
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1930’s U.S. Drought(Precip)
Observed Anomalies(1895-2000 base period)
Analyzed Anomalies(1918-1948 base period)with MSLP field
![Page 15: The 20th Century Reanalysis Project Jeff Whitaker, Gil Compo, Nobuki Matsui and Prashant Sardesmukh NOAA/ESRL and Univ. of Colorado/CIRES.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062301/56649d885503460f94a6c8bb/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
1930’s U.S. Drought
(Temperature)
Observed Anomalies(1895-2000 base period)
Analyzed Anomalies(1918-1948 base period)with Z500 field
![Page 16: The 20th Century Reanalysis Project Jeff Whitaker, Gil Compo, Nobuki Matsui and Prashant Sardesmukh NOAA/ESRL and Univ. of Colorado/CIRES.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062301/56649d885503460f94a6c8bb/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Summary• Accuracy: Mid-tropospheric circulation fields
about as accurate as a 3-day forecast today.• Timeline: 1918-1949 done, full 1892-present
done by end of 2008.• Data Access: Will be freely available from
NCAR, NOAA/ESRL and NOAA/NCDC. 1918-1949 in early 2008, rest late 2008/early 2009.
• For status updates, email [email protected] or [email protected]