The 2 Treaties of Fort The 2 Treaties of Fort LaramieLaramie

Alec EscobarAlex Zeh

David-Evan Dixon

People Involved in the Treaties People Involved in the Treaties of Fort Laramieof Fort Laramie

Thomas Fitzpatrick- First Indian Agent to the tribes of

the upper Platte and Arkansas. Called for the tribes to

make the first treaty

The Sioux Indians- The Sioux were involved in both

treaties because they fought the war and signed both

treaties

People Involved Cont…People Involved Cont…

General George Custer- Led Americans onto reservations to search for gold. Later, he was defeated in the Battle of Little Big Horn.

Sitting Bull- He was a chief of the Sioux. He led the Sioux in battles against the Americans following the breaking of the First Treaty. He defeated General Custer in the Battle of Little Big Horn.

Makhpyia-luta (Red Cloud)- Red Cloud led the Lakota in a war with the U.S. after the First Treaty of Fort Laramie was broken

Cause of First Treaty of Fort Cause of First Treaty of Fort LaramieLaramie

Many settlers were passing through Native

American land in and around South Dakota and

Nebraska

The U.S. wanted to put the Native Americans out

of the way of settlers

The First Treaty of Fort The First Treaty of Fort LaramieLaramie

This treaty was signed at Fort Laramie on

September 17, 1851

The First Treaty of Fort Laramie bought back

some Native American Land and set boundaries

for tribal lands.

Many Native Americans only signed because

they thought that it was their only choice

because buffalo populations had been

decimated

The Effects of the First Treaty The Effects of the First Treaty of Fort Laramieof Fort Laramie

After the treaty was signed, Americans still passed

through the Native American reservations

This caused the relationships between the U.S. and the

Native Americans to become poor

These events caused Native Americans to attack white

settlers.

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The Effects of The First The Effects of The First Treaty Cont...Treaty Cont...

The treaty was eventually broken when the U.S. couldn’t

stop settlers from going in the Native American land

The battles turned into a war between some tribes and

the U.S.

Cause of the Second Treaty of Cause of the Second Treaty of Fort LaramieFort Laramie

Result of a war waged against the U.S. by the

Lakota

The Lakota were successfully led by Makhpyia-

luta (Red Cloud)

The War was fought in Wyoming and Montana

from 1866 to 1868 to control the Powder River

Country

The Second Treaty of Fort The Second Treaty of Fort LaramieLaramie

Signed in 1868

 The second of the two treaties

Signed by Natives of the Great Plains and the U.S. government

Terms of the treaty:

Guaranteed the ownership of the Black Hills to the Lakota

Remove military forts on the established Lakota land

Establishment of the Great Sioux Reservation, 26-million acre reserve

Treaty closed Powder River Country to military and settlements by

whites

Effect of the Second TreatyEffect of the Second Treaty

The treaty made the Lakota not permit white gold-

seekers after gold was discovered in the Black Hills

Ulysses S. Grant tried to buy land from the Lakota

given by the treaty, but they refused

This led to a military campaign against the Lakota by

the U.S.

This led to battles, including the Battle of Little Big

Horn

It also led to the Massacre at Wounded Knee, where

150 Lakota were killed while surrendering