Thailand’s Renewable Power · Thailand Power Generation Classified by Fuel Type Natural Gas 66.6%...
Transcript of Thailand’s Renewable Power · Thailand Power Generation Classified by Fuel Type Natural Gas 66.6%...
AORC‐CIGRE Technical MeetingSeptember 3rd, 2013
Guangzhou China
Thailand’s Renewable Power Current Status, Challenges, and Future Trend
Suwat Kamolpanus
Thailand Power Generation Classified by Fuel Type
Natural Gas
66.6%
Coal
19.2%
Oil
0.8%
Hydro
4.7%
Import
5.9%
Renewable
2.9%
5,185 GWH
Total Generation 179,473 GWH
Total Power Capacity 32,781 MW
Renewable share 6.8%
Electricity : Power generation from all renewable energy will be 13,927 MW in 2021 or 24% of total installed power.
Main Target : Thailand energy demand in 2021, forecasted by Energy Ministry, would be at 99,838 ktoe growing from presently of 71,728 ktoe. The renewable energy share increasing from 7,413 ktoe in 2012 to 25,000 ktoe in 2021 or 25% of total energy consumption.
Thailand’s Renewable and Alternative Energy Development Plan (AEDP)
Development of Renewable Power Policy in Thailand2007: First AEDP (2008‐2011) target
3,251 MW
2008: AEDP rev1 (2008‐2022) target
5,608 MW
2012 AEDP rev2 (2012‐2022) target
9,201 MW
2013 AEDP rev3 (2013‐2022) target
13,927 MWMW
‐
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
Rev0 Rev1 Rev2 New
Advance Technology
Waste to Energy
Biogas
Biomass
Mini Hydro
Solar
Wind
Wind Power
Present : 208 MW from 5 sitesTarget in 2022 : 1,600 MWTariff : feed‐in‐premium 12 cents/kWHTechnology : • Tower Height : 100 meters• Blade Diameter : 101 meters• Wind Turbine : 2.3 MW eachChallenges :• Small portion of local parts• Low wind velocity• Limit of transmission Line• Construction sites interfere with conservation
forest• Variability of supply to the grid
Wind Power
Solar Power
Present : 378 MW from 155 sitesTarget in 2022 : 3,000 MWTariff : feed‐in‐tariff 20 cents/kWHTechnology : • Type : Solar PV ‐ amorphous & poly crystalline• Power Storage : no• Size : 6‐30 MWChallenges :• Small portion of local parts• Performance guarantee of PV• Limit of transmission Line• Variability of supply to the grid
Mini Hydro
Present : 86 MWTarget in 2022 : 324 MWTariff : feed‐in‐premium 2.5‐5 cents/kWHTechnology : mini hydro 200KW ‐ 10 MW
micro hydro 1‐200 KW Challenges :• Hard to find suitable site• Not for private firms• Not many players in the market
Biomass PowerPresent : 1,697 MW from 103 sitesTarget in 2022 : 4,800 MWTariff : feed‐in‐premium 1 cents/kWHTechnology : • Type : Large scale ‐ High pressure boiler and turbine 100 bar 520 °C
Small scale – Gasification with gas engine • Feed Stock : Bagasse, Rice Husk, Wood Waste, Empty Fruit Brunch • Size : 1‐40 MWChallenges :• Feed stock supply certainty• Too low incentives• Limit of transmission Line
Image source : http://www.unendlich‐viel‐energie.de/en/electricity/details/article/111/functioning‐principles‐of‐a‐biomass‐combined‐heat‐and‐power‐chp‐station.html
Biogas Power
Present : 167 MWTarget in 2022 : 3,600 MWTariff : feed‐in‐premium 1 cents/kWHTechnology : • Type : Anaerobic Digester with Gas Engine• Feed Stock : Waste water from starch,
palm oil and ethanol plantAnimal manure from farming
• Size : 1‐6 MWChallenges :• Availability of feed stock • Too low incentives• Limit of transmission Line• Safety• Plantation for new energy crop (Napier grass)
Waste to Energy
Present : 47 MW from 17 sitesTarget in 2022 : 400 MWTariff : feed‐in‐premium 12 cents/kWHTechnology : • Type : Boiler with steam turbine and Gas Engine• Feed Stock : MSW + Biogas from landfill• Size : 1‐8 MWChallenges :• Local political issues• Community acceptance• Environmental compliance
Installed Power for all Renewable Power
0 30 44
561
‐ 4 208
378
86
1,697
167 47
‐
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
Wind Solar Mini Hydro Biomass Biogas Waste to Energy
2006 2013639 MW 2583 MW
MW
Mechanism that drive the renewable progress• Firm regulatory policies from government – Feed in premium/ feed in tariff• Fiscal incentives – import duties, cooperate income tax • Maturity of technology – lower investment cost • CDM – CERs trading• Capacity building – local O&M
Challenge for the next decade
Micro scale of renewable supply
Transmission & Distribution Line
Control and monitoring
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Thank you and Sawadee