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TEX RULES OF EVIDENCE.

ARTICLE I. GENERAL PROVISIONS

RULE 101. TITLE AND SCOPE (a) Title. These rles shall !e "#$%# a#& 'ite&

as the TeasRles $ E*i&e#'e.(!) S'$+e. E'e+t as $ther%ise +r$*i&e& !, statte- these rles $*er# 'i*ila#& 'ri/i#al +r$'ee&i#s (i#'l&i# ea/i#i# trials !e$re /aistrates) i#all '$rts $ Teas- e'e+t s/all 'lai/s '$rts.(d) Fundamental Error in Criminal Cases. In a criminal case, nothingin these rules precludes taking notice of fundamental errorsaecting substantial rights although they were not brought to theattention of the court.

!"E #$%. &I'I"EE *+E I-C"-E !/E C*&!"-I/ 0I1! &&!/I2 C"+I* &I'I"EE+ claim of pri3ilege is not defeated by a disclosure which was ($)compelled erroneously or (%) made without opportunity to claim thepri3ilege.

!"E 45%. "+C6 F &E-/+" 6/0"EE+ witness may not testify to a matter unless e3idence is introducedsu7cient to support a 8nding that the witness has personalknowledge of the matter. E3idence to pro3e personal knowledgemay, but need not, consist of the testimony of the witness. his ruleis sub9ect to the pro3isions of ule :5;, relating to opiniontestimony by e

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(%) e3idence of truthful character is admissible only after thecharacter of the witness for truthfulness has been attacked byopinion or reputation e3idence or otherwise.

(!) S+e'i' I#sta#'es $ C$#&'t. S+e'i' i#sta#'es $ the '$#&'t $ a%it#ess- $r the +r+$se $ atta'"i# $r s++$rti# the %it#ess 're&i!ilit,-$ther tha# '$#*i'ti$# $ 'ri/e as +r$*i&e& i# Rle 203- /a, #$t !e i#4ire&i#t$ $# 'r$ss5ea/i#ati$# $ the %it#ess #$r +r$*e& !, etri#si' e*i&e#'e.

!"E 4$5. E"II!- =E"IEF- &I/I/-E3idence of the beliefs or opinions of a witness on matters ofreligion is not admissible for the purpose of showing that by reasonof their nature the witness? credibility is impaired or enhanced.

RULE 607. 8EARSA9 RULE

8earsa, is #$t a&/issi!le e'e+t as +r$*i&e& !, statte $r these rles $r !,$ther rles +res'ri!e& +rsa#t t$ statt$r, ath$rit,. I#a&/issi!le hearsa,a&/itte& %ith$t $!:e'ti$# shall #$t !e &e#ie& +r$!ati*e *ale /erel,!e'ase it is hearsa,.

+IC"E I. +!1E/IC+I/ +/ IE/IFIC+I/

!"E D5$. E!IE*E/ F +!1E/IC+I/ IE/IFIC+I/(a) eneral &ro3ision. he re>uirement of authentication oridenti8cation as a condition precedent to admissibility is satis8edby e3idence su7cient to support a 8nding that the matter in

>uestion is what its proponent claims.

(b) Illustrations. =y way of illustration only, and not by way oflimitation, the following are euirements of this ruleA($) estimony of witness with knowledge. estimony that a matter iswhat it is claimed to be.

(;) P!li' re'$r&s $r re+$rts. E*i&e#'e that a %riti# ath$ri

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($5) *ethods pro3ided by statute or rule. Any method of authenticationor identi"cation provided by statute or by other rule prescribed pursuant tostatutory authority.

!"E D5%. -E"F+!1E/IC+I/

Etri#si' e*i&e#'e $ athe#ti'it, as a '$#&iti$# +re'e&e#t t$ a&/issi!ilit, is#$t re4ire& %ith res+e't t$ the $ll$%i#>(1) D$/esti' P!li' D$'/e#ts U#&er Seal. A &$'/e#t !eari# a seal+r+$rti# t$ !e that $ the U#ite& States- $r $ a#, State- &istri't-C$//$#%ealth- territ$r,- $r i#slar +$ssessi$# there$- $r the Pa#a/a Ca#al?$#e- $r the Trst Territ$r, $ the Pa'i' Isla#&s- $r $ a +$liti'al s!&i*isi$#-&e+art/e#t- $='er- $r ae#', there$- a#& a si#atre +r+$rti# t$ !e a#attestati$# $r ee'ti$#.(%) omestic &ublic ocuments /ot !nder -eal. + documentpurporting to bear the signature in the o7cial capacity of an o7ceror employee of any entity included in paragraph ($) hereof, ha3ing

no seal, if a public o7cer ha3ing a seal and ha3ing o7cial duties inthe district or political subdi3ision of the o7cer or employeecerti8es under seal that the signer has the o7cial capacity and thatthe signature is genuine.

(;) Foreign &ublic ocuments. + document purporting to bee

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(@) +cknowledged ocuments. ocuments accompanied by acerti8cate of acknowledgment e