Test ReviewTest on Thursday!!!!

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• The most powerful Mechanical weathering force is frost wedging.

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• Sheeting is also known as exfoliation.

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• Carbonic acid is the most powerful chemical weathering agent.

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• Water moving sediments (broken down pieces of rock) downhill is called erosion.

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• Absolute dating is accomplished by analyzing the amounts of different radioactive isotopes in a sample. This gives and exact age.

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• Relative dating looks at rocks around the target rock and determines the age based on fossil content and other clues like position.

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• Superposition tells us that in an undisturbed state, rocks below are older and rocks above are younger.

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• Cross cutting relationships (for faults and dikes) are best described by the statement, “You can’t cross the street before its built.”

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• Original Horizontality tells us that sedimentary and igneous rocks that form at the surface for horizontally.

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• Correlation is the locating of matching rock beds either by their position (if they are close enough to be seen) or by fossil content (if they are not near each other).

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• Approximately 88 percent of the history of the Earth occurred in Pre-Cambrian time. The few life forms that existed left little to no fossil evidence.

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• Life began to leave evidence (fossils) behind at the start of the Phanerozoic Era.

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• Phanerozoic means visible life.

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• Proterozoic means early life.

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• Hadean Eon is named after the “Hell-like” conditions on the surface of the Earth after it first formed.

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• Paleozoic means “early or ancient life”

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• Mesozoic means “middle life”

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• Cenozoic means “recent life”

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• Eons are the largest of the divisions of the history of the Earth.

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• Eons are divided into Eras

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• We define Eras based on Mass extinction events.

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• We are not sure of the exact cause of the extinction that occurred between the Paleozoic and Mesozoic Eras.

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• We are certain that a comet or asteroid about the size of Mount Everest collided with the Earth near the Yucatan Peninsula about 66 million years ago.

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• This event caused the extinction event that ended the Mesozoic and started the Cenozoic.

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• Eras are divided into Periods

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• Periods are divided into Epochs

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• What Eon, Era, Period, and Epoch are we in today?

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• What life form dominated the Earth in the Cambrian period?

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• What period did the most of the coal beds in the Northeastern part of the United States get put in place? (they also combined to be called what?)

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• Give a few theories on how we think the Paleozoic Era ended.

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• Early fish did not have which common body part?

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• How were the continents arranged at the beginning of the Mesozoic?

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• What advantages do reptiles have over amphibians?

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• What life form is most associated with the Mesozoic Era?

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• Gymnosperm means “naked seed”.

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• Which animal group is most associated with the Cenozoic Era?

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• Flowering plants (angiosperms) are most associated with the Cenozoic Era.

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• Cenozoic Era mountain ranges • Alps, Himalayas, and Rockies

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• Marine mammals arrive back on the scene.

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• Be able to identify the different types of weathering• Mechanical- Biological• Mechanical- Frost Wedging• Mechanical- Sheeting• Mechanical- Thermal Expansion• Chemical

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