Test on a Tranformer1
3
INTRODUCTION AND THEORY A trans forme r, operat ed on AC voltage can be categorized into two main categories, namely, step up transformers and step down transformers. When the device is supplied with the AC voltage to the primary winding, a higher or a lower voltage depending on the category of the transformer will be given out in the secondary winding which is connected through a magnetic core. When it comes to an Engineering point of view consideration of losses of an electrical machine is of great importance due to reasons such as determination of efficiency which influences the operating cost, determination of heating of the machine which places an upper limit for output which can be obtained without any deterioration of the insulation, etc. Considering a transformer, losses which occur can be stated as, • Copper loss in the windings, which vary the current • Hysterisis and eddy current losses in the laminated iron-core constant in the neighbourhood of a normal operating voltage • Dielectric losses in the insulation material (appreciable only in case of high voltage transformer) • Leakage flux in the magnetic circuit T.O.) DISCUSSION The transformer is a device, which works on AC supplies. It has two windings, which are connected through a magnetic core. The two windings are named as the primary to which the AC voltage is supplied and the secondary from which the output voltage is taken. This device can mainly be categorized into two parts in accordance to its function. They are the step up transformer in which a higher voltage is achieved through the secondary and the step down transformer in which a lower voltage is achieved similarly. When it comes to transformers role in electrical power systems it could be mentioned as one of the most important devices. In an electrical power systems power transmission is a very important area. Power = I 2 R When cur rent is increased power generate d due to re si stance in increas ed. Ther ef or e when it come s to power transmission in an electrical system it might be necessary for the power to be transmitted to hundreds of kilometres. So if a high current is used for the transmission the power loss along the lines is high as shown in the above equation. To minimize this power loss a higher voltage rather than a higher current is needed. Since it is not easy to generate a high voltage at generating stations itself, the role of the transformer is brought in. I.e. the step up transformers, which have the capability of producing a higher voltage and a lower current output than the input, are used. These transformers output voltages as high as 33,000 volts (even higher than that) for long distance transmission. When it comes down to distributing power to the consumer again the transformers are brought in as the voltages have to be brought down to the usage levels such as 230 V, 400 V etc. For this purpose step down transformers are used which produce lower voltages than the input. Sometimes this is done in steps requiring the usage o f the transformer even more. So considering the above points which mainly involve transformers’ role in power transmission could be mentioned as one of the most important aspects in a electrical power system. In conclusion the transformer plays a very big role in an electrical power system.
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Transcript of Test on a Tranformer1
8/6/2019 Test on a Tranformer1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/test-on-a-tranformer1 1/3
NTRODUCTION AND THEORY
A transformer, operated on AC voltage can be categorized into two main categories, namely, step up transforme
tep down transformers. When the device is supplied with the AC voltage to the primary winding, a higher or a
voltage depending on the category of the transformer will be given out in the secondary winding which is conn
hrough a magnetic core.
When it comes to an Engineering point of view consideration of losses of an electrical machine is of great impor
due to reasons such as determination of efficiency which influences the operating cost, determination of heating machine which places an upper limit for output which can be obtained without any deterioration of the insulation, et
Considering a transformer, losses which occur can be stated as,
• Copper loss in the windings, which vary the current
• Hysterisis and eddy current losses in the laminated iron-core constant in the neighbourhood of a n
operating voltage
• Dielectric losses in the insulation material (appreciable only in case of high voltage transformer)
•Leakage flux in the magnetic circuit
DISCUSSION
The transformer is a device, which works on AC supplies. It has two windings, which are connected through a maore. The two windings are named as the primary to which the AC voltage is supplied and the secondary from whi
output voltage is taken.
This device can mainly be categorized into two parts in accordance to its function. They are the step up transform
which a higher voltage is achieved through the secondary and the step down transformer in which a lower volt
achieved similarly.
When it comes to transformers role in electrical power systems it could be mentioned as one of the most impo
devices. In an electrical power systems power transmission is a very important area.
Power = I2R
When current is increased power generated due to resistance in increased. Therefore when it comes to pransmission in an electrical system it might be necessary for the power to be transmitted to hundreds of kilometres
a high current is used for the transmission the power loss along the lines is high as shown in the above equatio
minimize this power loss a higher voltage rather than a higher current is needed. Since it is not easy to generate avoltage at generating stations itself, the role of the transformer is brought in. I.e. the step up transformers, which hav
apability of producing a higher voltage and a lower current output than the input, are used. These transformers ovoltages as high as 33,000 volts (even higher than that) for long distance transmission.
When it comes down to distributing power to the consumer again the transformers are brought in as the voltages ha
be brought down to the usage levels such as 230 V, 400 V etc. For this purpose step down transformers are used w
produce lower voltages than the input. Sometimes this is done in steps requiring the usage of the transformer even m
So considering the above points which mainly involve transformers’ role in power transmission could be mention
one of the most important aspects in a electrical power system. In conclusion the transformer plays a very big rolelectrical power system.
8/6/2019 Test on a Tranformer1
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/test-on-a-tranformer1 2/3
DISCUSSION
A transformer, operated on AC voltage can be categorized into two main categories, namely, step up transforme
tep down transformers. When the device is supplied with the AC voltage to the primary winding, a higher or a
voltage depending on the category of the transformer will be given out in the secondary winding which is connhrough a magnetic core.
When it comes to an Engineering point of view consideration of losses of an electrical machine is of great impor
due to reasons such as determination of efficiency which influences the operating cost, determination of heating machine which places an upper limit for output which can be obtained without any deterioration of the insulation, et
Considering a transformer, losses which occur can be stated as,
• Copper loss in the windings, which vary the current
• Hysterisis and eddy current losses in the laminated iron-core constant in the neighbourhood of a n
operating voltage
• Dielectric losses in the insulation material (appreciable only in case of high voltage transformer)
• Leakage flux in the magnetic circuit
When current is increased power generated due to resistance in increased. Therefore when it comes to pransmission in an electrical system it might be necessary for the power to be transmitted to hundreds of kilometres
a high current is used for the transmission the power loss along the lines is high as shown in the above equatiominimize this power loss a higher voltage rather than a higher current is needed. Since it is not easy to generate avoltage at generating stations itself, the role of the transformer is brought in. I.e. the step up transformers, which hav
apability of producing a higher voltage and a lower current output than the input, are used. These transformers o
voltages as high as 33,000 volts (even higher than that) for long distance transmission.
When it comes down to distributing power to the consumer again the transformers are brought in as the voltages ha
be brought down to the usage levels such as 230 V, 400 V etc. For this purpose step down transformers are used w
produce lower voltages than the input. Sometimes this is done in steps requiring the usage of the transformer even m
So considering the above points which mainly involve transformers’ role in power transmission could be mention
one of the most important aspects in a electrical power system. In conclusion the transformer plays a very big rolelectrical power system.
RESULTS
The transformer is one of the most important components of variety of electrical circuits ranging from low power, lo
urrent electronic and control circuits to ultra-high voltage power systems. The transformer takes a big roll in an
lectrical power system
Transformers are extensively used in AC power systems because of various reasons. The transformers m possible to generate electricity in an electrical system in most desirable and economical levels such as 10-20 kV
And also the power transmission also can be done at economical levels such as 400-1000kV
transformers since the current can be transmitted with fewer losses at high voltages. Step-up transformers cimplemented in this task to transforms voltage to high voltages. If not for transformers it may incur huge su
money to develop a transmission line to transmit power without reduction. And also lot of infrastructure mightto be implemented to transmit power.
Transformer is also very important in power distribution. Power utilization at most convenient distribvoltages (230/400 V) for industrial usage can be done using transformers. To bring down the voltage to usable and
harmless conditions step-down transformers can be implemented. So in a electrical power system from generation to
distribution via transmission the transformer plays a big roll.
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