Term Paper about Inter core i5

ICCT COLLEGES FOUNDATION INC.V.V. Soliven Avenue II, Cainta, RizalCOLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF

THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATIONS ENGINEERING

Of

FOURTH YEAR STUDENTS

Microprocessor System

A Research Study on Intel Core i5 Processor

Presented by:

John R. Cariaga

Presented to:

Mr. Ivan Lee Mendoza

ENGINEERING AND ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATIONS ENGINEERING


Table of Contents

Title Page

Acknowledgement

I. Overview of the Research

Abstract

Introduction

II. RESEARCH DESCRIPTION

Statement of the Problem

Objectives

Significance of the Study

Review of Related Literature


Scope and Delimitations

III. TABLES AND ILLUSTRATIONS

Physical Appearance

Parts and Function

Specification

IV. Features

V. Conclusion

VI. GLOSSARY

VII. REFERENCES



ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We, the students of ICCT Colleges Foundation Inc., the success of any project depend

largely on the encouragement and guidelines of many others. We take this opportunity to

express our gratitude to the people who have been instrumental in successful completion of

this project.

We would like to show our greatest appreciation to our Professors through his

tremendous support and help and became motivated and encouraged every time we attend his

meeting. Without his encouragement and guidance this project would not have materialized.

The guidance and support received from all the members who contributed and who are

contributing to this project, was vital for the success of the project. We are grateful for their

constant support and help.

Our deepest thanks to each of our member on this group for accomplishing this project

through their financial and working supports and same also for our great parents who never

stop supporting our studies by giving us comfort, inspiration and lessons for making this project

more possible.

Most of all, a big thanks to our Lord Almighty God for the glory of each of the day we

expend and by giving us knowledge, guidance and strength to make these project more

efficient and worthy.

Abstract



Processor is the portion of a computer system that carries out the instructions of a

computer program, and is the primary element carrying out the computer's functions. This

term has been in use in the computer industry at least since the early 1960s.

The form, design and implementation of CPUs have changed dramatically since the

earliest examples, but their fundamental operation remains much the same.

Process is a program in execution. A process is more than the program code which is

known sometimes as a text section. It also includes the current activity, as represented by the

value of the program counter & the contents of the processor's registers.

Process generally includes the process stack, which contains temporary data (such as

method parameters, return addresses, local variables), and data section, which contains global

variables.

Introduction



Core i5 is a brand name used by Intel for several microprocessors, the first of which

were introduced in late 2009. It is positioned between the mainstream Core i3 & Core 2 and the

high-end Core i7 & Xeon brands.

Core i5, like Core i7, is based on the Nehalem microarchitecture. The first Core i5 was

introduced on September 8, 2009 and is a mainstream variant of the Core i7, initially only quad-

core desktop processors based on Lynnfield, with dual-core mobile (Arrandale) and desktop

processors (Clarkdale) following in 2010.

Intel released the first Core i5 processor: The Core i5 750, which is a 2.66 GHz quad-core

Lynnfield processor with Hyper-threading disabled. Lynnfield Core i5 processors have an 8 MB

L3 cache, a DMI bus running at 2.5 GT/s and support for dual-channel DDR3-800/1066/1333

memory.

Statement of the Problem ENGINEERING AND ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATIONS ENGINEERING


Have you ever notice the difference if you have a new desktop or laptop featuring a

microprocessor with great performance in terms of multitasking and latest or heavy

applications?

Did you satisfy with the speed of your laptop/desktop or did you find trouble in meeting

the system requirements for your program, software or any application?

Objectives

General

To create a simple analysis about Intel Core i5 processor in terms of its performance

and capabilities

Specific

To show what are the actual appearance of Intel Core i5 in terms of perspective view

inside and outside of that processor.

To list its basic specification, special features, advantages and disadvantages.

Significance of the Study

In this study you can found out what are some important terms you need to know as a

consumer if you are going to buy you own personal computer or a desktop, laptop, mobile and

etc. A processor like core i5 is made for mainstream users who care about performance that we

can also see on its specification, special features and advantages.




45 nm technology

Not since the late 1960s have computer chips seen as dramatic an improvement as

Intel's new 45 nanometer (nm) transistors, Intel Co-founder Gordon Moore says. As part of this

new technology breakthrough, Intel has announced it will use two new materials to build the

insulating walls and switching gates of its 45nm transistors. Hundreds of millions of these

microscopic transistors -- or switches -- will be inside the next generation Intel Core 2 Duo, Intel

Core 2 Quad and Xeon families of multi-core processors. The company also said it has five early-

version products up and running -- the first of 15 45nm processor products planned from Intel.

The early versions of the new chip will be targeted at different computer market segments

including Windows Vista, Mac OS X, and Windows XP and Linux operating systems.

As for the size, the CPUs aren’t shrinking. In many cases, they’re growing. The size we refer to is

the size of an individual transistor within the CPU. The smaller each transistor is the more of

them will fit in you CPU, allowing for faster CPUs with more stuffed crammed in. Smaller

transistors also switch faster, allowing higher clock speeds, and use less power.

The Intel Core i5 consider having an excellent performance because of its processors.

The one that process for about 45 nm and 32 nm indicates the size of transistor inside that

processor.

Microarchitecture

Intel is pushing of what they called Nehalem microarchitecture into mainstream PCs

with the release of its first Core i5 chip which is also known as Core i5-750 which has been

introduced on September 8, 2009; it is a quad-core processor aimed at desktop PCs where

multimedia is a priority. It is the first chip based on the Nehalem design that will be aimed at



PCs priced for the mainstream. Nehalem boasts improvements that make it faster and more

power-efficient than its predecessors.

The Core i5-750 runs at 2.66GHz and has 8MB of cache. It draws 95 watts of power and

is priced at $196 when bought in volume.

Nehalem was a significant architectural upgrade for Intel, and it usually takes a year for

a chip maker to bring new technology to mainstream audiences.

Nehalem integrates a memory controller onto the chip to provide a faster access path to

memory. Current mainstream chips have a memory controller on the chipset. Nehalem also

provides a faster pipe for the CPU to communicate with system components like a graphics

card.

The chip is being manufactured using the 45-nanometer process. Its launch comes just a

few weeks ahead of the Intel Developer Forum (IDF), where Intel is expected to shed some light

on chips manufactured with the more advanced 32-nm process. Intel is starting to manufacture

32-nm chips for mainstream desktops and laptops by the end of that year.

Intel Processor Architecture



Some of the recently released microprocessor by Intel:

– NetBurst (microarchitecture)

– Core (microarchitecture)

– Nelahem (microarchitecture)

– Sandy Bridge (microarchitecture

NetBurst (microarchitecture)

• The NetBurst microarchitecture, called P68 inside Intel, was the successor to the P6

microarchitecture in the x86 family of CPUs made by Intel.

• The first CPU to use this architecture was the Willamette core of the Pentium 4 and the

first of the Pentium 4 CPUs

• All subsequent Pentium 4 and Pentium D variants have also been based on NetBurst.

• The NetBurst microarchitecture includes features such as :

• Front-Side Bus

• Hyper Pipelined Technology

• This is the name given to the 20-stage instruction pipeline within the Willamette

core

• Rapid Execution Engine

• With this technology, the two ALUs in the core of the CPU are double-pumped

• Execution Trace Cache

• It stores decoded micro-operations, so that when executing a new instruction,

instead of fetching and decoding the instruction again, the CPU directly accesses

the decoded micro-ops from the trace cache, thereby saving considerable time.

Nehalem (Microcomputer)



• Nehalem is the codename for Intel processor microarchitecture, successor to the Core

microarchitecture.

• Nehalem processors use the 45 nm process.

• The first processor released with the Nehalem architecture was the desktop Core i7,

which was released in November 2008.

• Nehalem, a recycled codename, refers to a completely different architecture from

Netburst

• Focus on performance

• Utilize higher clock speeds and are more energy-efficient

• Hyper-threading reintroduced.

• 4–12 MB L3 cache

• Native (all processor cores on a single die) quad- and octa-core processors

• Intel QuickPath Interconnect in high-end models replacing the legacy front side bus

• Integrated memory controller supporting two or three memory channels of DDR3

SDRAM

• 2nd generation Intel Virtualization Technology which introduced Extended Page Table

support

Sandy Bridge (micro Computer)

Sandy Bridge is the codename for a microarchitecture developed by Intel beginning in

2005 for central processing units in computers to replace the Nehalem microarchitecture. Intel

demonstrated a Sandy Bridge processor in 2009, and released first products based on the

architecture in January 2011 under the Core brand.

• Upgraded features from Nehalem include:

– Shared L3 cache includes the processor graphics

– 64-byte cache line size

– Two load/store operations per CPU cycle for each memory channel

– Decoded micro-operation cache and enlarged, optimized branch predictor



– Improved performance for transcendental mathematics, AES encryption (AES

instruction set), and SHA-1 hashing

– 256-bit/cycle ring bus interconnect between cores, graphics, cache and System

Agent Domain

– Advanced Vector Extensions (AVX) 256-bit instruction set with wider vectors,

new extensible syntax and rich functionality

– Intel Quick Sync Video, hardware support for video encoding and decoding

– Up to 8 physical cores or 16 logical cores through Hyper-threading

Family of Processor

This new family of processors consists of three classes

– core i3, core i5 and core i7.

• The Intel core i3 series has been made to cater to the entry level desktop and laptop

computer market.

• The core i5 series is aimed at the mid-level computing segment.

• The core i7 series is stuffed with high performance processors that can serve the high

end market.

• Every series of processors comes with a lot of variety, in terms of processing speed and

features.

Focus on Core i5 Processor

• Intel has just announced their latest lineup of Core i5 processors.

• Sandy Bridge, as the new architecture is called by engineers is Intel's new

microarchitecture, following Nehalem.

• The new processors are produced on Intel's 32 nm production process which has

reached maturity over the last few months.

• The core i5 line consists of three separate series of processors with

i) DualCore Core i5 Processors



ii) QuadCore Core i5 Processors

• The Dual Core Core i5, as well as quad cores come with 4 threads each.

• The clocking frequency ranging from 2.933 GHz to 3.2 GHz

• 4 MB to 8 MB L3 cache

• Direct media interface

• Intel HD graphics

• Intel smart cache technology

• Hyper-threading enabled

• i5 chips are faster than the i3 chips

Core Confusion

• Get faster CPU performance from Core i7 parts than Core i5

• The majority of desktop Core i7 CPUs are quad-core processors, while many mobile Core

i5 processors are dual-core.

• There are mobile dual-core Core i7 processors, and likewise several desktop quad-core

Core i5 processors.

• Rare six-core Core i7, which are usually found with the desktop-only Extreme Edition

top-of-the-line models.

• To get better performance in each generation, buy a processor with a higher model

number

Cache Memory

• In addition to generally faster base clock speeds, Core i5 processors have larger cache

(on-board memory).

• help the processor deal with repetitive tasks faster.



• If you're editing and calculating spreadsheets, your CPU shouldn't have to reload the

framework the numbers sit in. This info will sit in the cache so that when you change a

number the calculations are almost instantaneous.

• Larger cache sizes help with multitasking as well, since background tasks will be ready

for when you switch focus to another window.

• On currently available desktop processors, i5 CPUs have 3MB to 8MB of L3 cache, while

i7 processors have 8MB to 15MB.

Background of the Study

With some knowledge about Microprocessors types, function or theory of operation,

and its production which is also based on the lesson we also study in this subject, the

researchers formulate this project entitled, ”A Research Study on Intel Core i5 Processor.” The

growing industry of IC production, the Intel microprocessor is the leading brand of all time in

terms of its great application in advance technologies, most commonly start in computer and

mobile devices. That’s why the researchers are inspired to conduct the said study which will

deal with one common processor not only because of its popularity but also with its great

features that varies each year.

Advantage and Disadvantage of Intel Core i5

Intel core i5 is new family of microprocessors x 64-86 from Intel occupy the

middle ground in terms of cost and performance between the cheaper microprocessors

Intel Core i3 and more expensive Intel Core i7. Announcement of processors for desktop

Intel Core i5 held in the autumn of 2009, and are based on the core «Linnfield».

The following 2010 saw the light of Intel Core i5 on the new core «Clarkdale»,

which are equipped with an integrated graphics processor. In early 2011, Intel released



more effective and intelligent Intel Core i5 microprocessors based on the core «Sandy

Bridge». The existence of four digits after the Intel Core i5 is its relation to the above

architecture. These processors are manufactured on 32 nm technology, and have a new

processor socket LGA 1155. In a common semiconductor chip contains cache memory,

computing the core, graphics core and memory controller. Average production

increased by about 25%. The family of Sandy Bridge has 8 processors Core i5, which just

goes to show how Intel pays more attention to the middle class. In the line of the above

chips, only 3 microprocessor.

These microprocessors support automatic acceleration under load (the so-called

Turbo Boost technology and Turbo Boost 2.0) and integrated memory controller. Some

models have a built-in graphics core. As well as other microprocessors manufactured

socket LGA 1156 and LGA 1155 chipset connection is via bus DMI. The advantages of

Intel Core i5 microprocessors include their high energy efficiency. TDP data processor

ranges from 35 to 95 watts.

Intel Core seventh model, unlike the Intel Core Five, have a few more cache

memory and have the support of technology Hyper Threading. By its value these two

classes also differ greatly. If for Intel Core i5 processors will have to pay 170 to $ 205,

the Core i7 for more than $ 300. Microprocessors 5th and seventh series have four cores

(with the exception of the six-core Intel Core-i7-980 and dual-core Intel i5-2390T). At i3

processors have two cores. In addition, they do not support this technology as Turbo

Boost. These processors are not suitable for very demanding customers.



Scope and Delimitation

Our study only pertains to the term microarchitecture, code, and some important

microprocessor specification of Intel Core i5 based on the history of its application, advantage

and disadvantage, features and some perspective view inside and outside of that processor like

analyzing its parts or actual physical structure. We are not focusing on a specific kind of Intel

Core i5 but we only give different example that is related or based on its general description. All

of the content of this paper may only be a theoretical, or a part of review and study from the

resources of our research.


IHS


Tables and Illustration

Physical Appearance

Processor Package Assembly

Top Side View


Intel Core i5-600

http://www.digitaltrends.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/09/intel-unwraps-core-i5-cpu-plus-core-i7s-and-xeons-1.jpg

Core (die)


Intel Core i5 Wafer

Core (die)



Sample

Microarchitecture


Core i5 Quad-Core Structure


Bottom

View of

Processor Package


Pins

http://www.techpowerup.com/reviews/Intel/Core_i5_661/images/back.jpg


Package Size


Capacitor

No. of Pins: 1156

Model: Intel Core i5-600

The dimension is measured in mm


Parts and Function

Package Assembly Parts

IHS – (Integrated Heat Spreader) is the surface used to make contact between the heat sink or other thermal solution of the CPU processor

Core (die) – is also called a processor die is a single continuous piece of

semiconductor material (usually a Silicon, a die can contain any number of cores up

to 6 available on market). It is where the transistors making up the CPU actually

reside.

Substrate – is a solid substance or medium to which another substance is applied

and to which the second substance adheres. It is material which is cut or formed into

thin discs called wafers on which the individual electronics components are made.

TIM – (Thermal Interface Material) is thermally conductive materials by definition

are thermally conductive materials specially designed to fill any voids or

irregularities that may exist between the heat sink and solid state relay. It is used to

provide efficient thermal exchange between the processor Integrated Heat Spreader

(IHS) and the fan-heat sink.



LGA socket – (Land Grid Array) is a type of surface mount packaging for integrated

circuits (ICs) that is notable for having the pins on the socket rather than the

integrated circuit. It is a packaging technology with square grid of contacts on the

underside of a processor package.

Capacitor – it is serves as a reservoir of charge to supply the instantaneous charge

requirements of the circuit locally so the charge need not come through the

inductance of power trace. A smaller cap (typ. 0.01 μF – 0.1 μF) as physically close to

the power pins of the chip as is possible. Capacitor also shorts the high frequency

noise away from the chip.

Core (die) Parts]

Processor Graphics - is sometimes called as Intel HD Graphics, is a series of Intel

integrated graphics processors introduced in 2010 that are manufactured on the

same die as the processor, together forming an accelerated processing unit

especially enhance such 3D gaming, videos and etc.

Core - is a processing unit which reads in instructions to perform specific actions.

Instructions are chained together so that, when run in real time, they make up your

computer experience.

Shared L3 Cache - Level 3 or L3 cache is specialized memory that works hand-in-

hand with L1 and L2 cache to improve computer performance. L1, L2 and L3 cache

are computer processing unit (CPU) caches, verses other types of caches in the

system such as hard disk cache. CPU cache caters to the needs of the

microprocessor by anticipating data requests so that processing instructions are

provided without delay.

Memory Controller – also known as Integrated Memory Controller (IMC) is the

memory controller hub of a chipset integrated into a CPU. MCHs control the

operation of memory.



Specification

General Specification

Introduced in 2009.

It is a 64-bit μP.

It has 4 physical cores.

Its clock speed is from 2.40 GHz to 3.60

GHz.

It has 781 million transistors.

It has 64 KB of L1 cache per core, 256

KB of L2 cache and 8 MB of L3 cache.

Other Specification

Intel Core i5 Desktop PlatformCodename Lynnfield Clarkdale

Process 45nm 32nmPlatform Desktop Desktop

Architecture Nehalem Westmere


http://www.digitaltrends.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/09/intel-unwraps-core-i5-cpu-plus-core-i7s-and-xeons-1.jpg


Socket (LGA) 1156 1156

Intel chipset support P55, P57, H55, H57,

Q57

P57, H57, Q57 (will require FDI for IGP)

Cores / Threads 4 / 4 2 / 4

Hyper Threading No Yes

QPI / DMI DMI DMIMemory Dual-channel Dual-channel

Turbo boost Yes UnknownL3 cache 8MB 4MB45nm IGP No Yes

Availability Q3 2009 Q4 2009

Additional Specification

Special Features

Some of the basic special features of Intel Core i5 are as follow:

1. Basically i5 processor are introduces to do the intelligent networking and enhance the

performance of the working for the sake of different purposes such as for gaming, faster

procession, reliable data transmission etc.


BrandCode-named Cores Date released

Core i5

4 Sept, 2009

Desktop

Fab

Lynnfield 45 nm


2. One of the important feature of the i5 processor is that it automatically manages the

power supply where needed and does not break the speed and the performance of the

system

3. I5 processors also allow the user to enjoy the heavy application with the higher rate

such as HD video composing, composing music and many more.

4. I5 also provide the opportunity to use the system with multi-tasking.

5. I5 processor is also able to increase the memory of the system and help users to work

with the high bandwidth and great performance.

6. A big feature of the i5 processors is that they have ability to run two multitasking

processors together that are generally called as dual processors and can increase the

working performance of the system efficiently.

7. Turbo boost technology of i5 processors is the key beneficial feature of the i5 processor

that allow the users to do their regular and important working with the help of heavy

applications

8. An i5 processor also consists of Hyper-Threading technology that enables the users for

multitasking and improves their business or working on the two different tasks at the

same time.

Turbo Boost feature

Turbo Boost refers to Intel's "overclocking" feature

built into its processors.

It allows the processor to run faster than its base clock speed when only one or two

processor cores are needed (like when you're running a single-threaded task that you

want done now).

This provides users with the opportunity to turn off a core if it’s not being utilized.



Both Core i5 and Core i7 processors use Turbo Boost

Hyper-Threading Technology

Intel Hyper-Threading uses multi-threading technology to make a processor appear to

have more cores than it physically has to the operating system and applications.

Hyper-Threading technology is used to increase performance at multi-threaded tasks.

The simplest multi-threaded situation is a multi-tasking user running several programs

simultaneously, but there are other tasks that take advantage of Hyper-Threading

For instance multimedia operations (like transcoding, rendering, etc.) and Web surfing

(loading different elements like Flash content and images simultaneously).

All Core i7 CPUs use Hyper-Threading,

A six-core CPU can handle 12 streams

Four core handles eight streams, and a dual-core handles four streams.

Core i5 uses Hyper-Threading to make a dual-core CPU act like a four-core one, but if

you have a Core i5 processor with four true cores, it won't have Hyper-Threading.

For the time being, Core i5 tops out at handling 4 streams, using four real cores or two

cores with Hyper-Threading.


Hyper-Threading


Integrated Graphics

• Integrated graphics built into the processor core itself.

• Previous Intel integrated graphics were built onto the motherboard chipsets, rather

than on the processor.

• Intel HD Graphics 2000/3000 in currently shipping Sandy Bridge processors.

• Integrated graphics saves power, since there won't be an extra graphics chip on your

laptop or desktop's motherboard using power.

Multicore-Microarchitecture (Microarchitecture) ENGINEERING AND ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATIONS ENGINEERING


• A multi-core processor is a single computing component with two or more independent

actual central processing units (called "cores"), which are the units that read and

execute program instructions.

• The instructions are ordinary CPU instructions such as add, move data, and branch, but

the multiple cores can run multiple instructions at the same time, increasing overall

speed for programs amenable to parallel computing.

• Manufacturers typically integrate the cores onto a single integrated circuit die (known

as a chip multiprocessor or CMP), or onto multiple dies in a single chip package.

Single Core Architecture

Multi Core Architecture


cor

cor

cor

cor


Multi-core CPU chip

The cores fit on a single processor socket

Also called CMP (Chip Multi-Processor)

The Cores run in parallel


thread 1 thread 2 thread 3 thread 4

cor

cor

cor

cor


Interaction with the Operating System

OS perceives each core as a separate processor

OS scheduler maps threads/processes to different cores

Most major OS support multi-core today: Window, Linux, Mac OS X,…

Within each core, threads are time-sliced (just like on a uniprocessor)


threads 1 threads 2 threads 3 threads 4


Why multi-core

• Difficult to make single-core clock frequencies even higher • Deeply pipelined circuits:

– heat problems– speed of light problems– difficult design and verification– large design teams necessary– server farms need expensive

air-conditioning• Many new applications are multithreaded • General trend in computer architecture (shift towards more parallelism)

Concept of Core



Conclusion

• Multi-core chips an important new trend in computer architecture

• Several new multi-core chips in design phases

• Parallel programming techniques likely to gain importance

• Turbo boost feature is implemented after Core i5 design. So it is main feature of corei5.

• Core i5 has Dual and Quad Core Both.

Glossary



DMI – (Direct Media Interface) is a bus technology used in Intel Core i5, i3, and i7

processors. The basic design or architecture is that the processor communicated over a

different channel with RAM, a different channel with PCIe and a third channel DMI to

communicate with all other components of the computer. This increases the

performance significantly.

Chipset - is a set of electronics components in an integrated circuit that manage the data

flow between the processor, memory and peripherals.

Intel Chipset Support – It install the latest software for your chipset, which contains

drivers for various components.

FDI ( Flexible Display Interface ) - is an interconnect created by Intel in order to allow

the communication of the HD Graphics integrated GPU found on supported CPUs with

the PCH south bridge where display connectors are attached.

IGP (Integrated Graphics Processor) – is a graphics chip that is integrated into a CPU.

The IGP serves the same process the graphics displayed on the computer

ALU (Arithmetic and Logic Unit) – is the “core” of any processor: It’s the unit that

performs the calculations. A typical ALU will have two input ports (A and B) and a result

port (Y). It will also have a control input telling it which operation (add, subtract, and, or,

etc.) to perform and additional outputs for condition codes (carry, overflow, negative,

zero result).

Register file – is a means of memory storage within a computer’s central processing unit

(CPU). The computer’s register files contain bits of data and mapping locations. These

locations specify certain addresses that are input components of a register file. Other

inputs include data, a read and write function and execute function.

Resources



► http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel_Core_i5► http://www.slideshare.com/finaldraft-intelcorei5processorsarchitecture-130207093535-

phpapp01

► http://febooit.com/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-intel-core-i5.html

► http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Intel_Core_i5_microprocessors

► http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-l3-cache.htm

► http://www.makeuseof.com/tags/cores

► https://forum-en.msi.com/index.php?

PHPSESSID=jubq6jpqpmbnc0v5m6if5aq550&topic=129150.msg9721

73#msg972173

► https://forum-en.msi.com► https://www.easynote.com/history-of-microprocessor► http://www.pcpro.co.uk/reviews/processors/351388/intel-core-i5-750► http://www.intel.com.ph/core-i5-600-i3-500-pentium-6000-desktop-

lga1156-tmdg

► http://www.intel.com/products/processor/corei5/index.htm


http://www.intel.com/products/processor/corei5/index.htm

http://www.intel.com.ph/core-i5-600-i3-500-pentium-6000-desktop-lga1156-tmdg

http://www.intel.com.ph/core-i5-600-i3-500-pentium-6000-desktop-lga1156-tmdg

https://www.easynote.com/history-of-microprocessor

https://forum-en.msi.com/index.php?PHPSESSID=jubq6jpqpmbnc0v5m6if5aq550&topic=129150.msg972173#msg972173



http://www.makeuseof.com/tags/cores

http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-l3-cache.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Intel_Core_i5_microprocessors

http://febooit.com/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-intel-core-i5.html

Term Paper about Inter core i5

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