TERATIFIES TREATY, HE MR. FALL · 2017-12-18 · 1>e ratified accepting the covenant.>r the league...
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WEATHER. Shower* and thunderstorms probable tonight and tomorrow; cooler tomor¬ row. Temperature for twenty-four hours «rded 2 p.m today: Highest, *7. at 4:30 p.m. yesterday; lowest, 69, at G a.m. today. Full report on pa*e 25. Closing New York Stocks, Page 25. Yesterday's Net Circulation, 93,119 No. 27,511. WASHINGTON, D. C., THURSDAY, AUGUST 21, 1919-THIRTY PAGES. TWO CENTS. PRESIDENT CANNOT PROCLAIM PEACE BEFORE SENA TE RA TIFIES TREATY, HE ANSWERS MR. FALL ¦ Says the Treaty Brings Peace to Signatories Only. MEANS AN EARLY NORMAL STATE Executive Replies that Allies Hold j t Merely Trust on Genua Possessions. I Dtawmlc Jkute Iraltra, ap- divided over the expe- dl»»ry of the roapraailw proposal for prarr treaty rewmtlni sep¬ arate from the ratlfleattoa. decided today aot to press far aetloa the j resolution of Seaator Plttmaa, | democrat. of >evada. embodylas . the rompromise plaa. The laiprea- aloa naa (Irn that the ateaaare probably noald be permitted to lie .ver ladeBaltely. President Wilson has not the power to declare peace by proclamation, nor could he consent in any circumstances to take such a course prior to the ratification of a formal treaty of peace h.v the Senate. The President so wrote j Senator Kali today in answer to one of twenty written questions the sena¬ tor presented at the White House conference Tuesday. Keplying to another question, the President said .the provision of the ! treaty that this treaty should come into force after the ratification by Germany and three of the principal associated powers, operated merely to establish peace between those rati¬ fying: powers and that it was "ques¬ tionable whether it can be said that the league of nations is in any true sense created by the association of only three of the allied and associated govern men ts." Would Believe Living Cost. As to the question of when normal conditions might be restored, the President said he could only express the confident opinion that immediate ratification of the treaty and accept¬ ance of the covenant of the league as written would "certainly within the near future reduce the cost of living" both in this country and abroad through the restoration of production and commerce to normal. To Senator Fall's questions relating ' *o the disposition of Germany's pos¬ sessions, the President said the ar¬ rangement in the treaty conveyed no title to the allied or associated pow¬ ers. but merely "intrusts disposition of the territory in question to their decision." . % Trusteeship Is Vested. v "Germany's renunciation in favor of the principal allied and associated powers." the President continued, "of her rights and titles to her overseas possessions Is meant similarly to op¬ erate as vesting in those powers a trusteeship with respect of their final disposition and government." How to Give Effect to Treaty Reservations Only Point at Issue The contest in the Senate over the league of nations feature of the treaty of peace has now narrowed to the question of how reservations to or In¬ terpretations of the covenant are to be proposed.whether they shall form t * e resolution of ratification or be adopted as a separate instru- ment. President Wilson has agreed to in¬ terpretations. Senator Pittman of Nevada has drawn up a resolution ! putting the interpretations into form j of words and sentences. He stated In ' Maton'wUi fort>"slx democratic ,wtI1 support the interpreta¬ tions if they are carried in an instru- ment separate from the treaty "I expect the resolution to be adorn¬ ed by Great Britain, France, Italy Japan, Brazil and probably by all na- members upon the coun¬ cil, ^ D? league of nations." said Senator Pittman in the Senate -If k. " na51°n8 are, to be legally bound annrove U .C."°.n' Tthen they mu« hi 1 contend that If the obligation upoh our part Is purelv a moral obligation, which we have a Tight to determine for ourselves with. out interference from the council or «"y ,uil®r body* or witJiout authority with .Lr v" our resolution .with regard to such question not only serves notice to them but estops them afterward from complaining with re¬ gard to the commission of any act that we >thave notified them we will perrorna. Continuing, he said that so far as rieht of i" ~nce"»ed, relating to the v v<?r?wal' and 80 ^ «s article X. which contains our prom- ise to protect other nations, is con¬ cerned. 'the resolution would be just as effective whether ft were adopted by the other countries or not. because they have nothing to do with our tfioral obligations." > The interpretations drawn up by Se»V_or P'ui"a" cover the main four points embodied in proposals for res¬ ervations by several other senators, namely, right to withdraw from the league unhampered, freedom of action legurding article X, reservation of purely domestic questions and specific jeservation of the Monroe doctrine* " appears that democrats and republicans alike are agreed ut>on the advisability of these four genera* principles of interpretations a*d res¬ ervations. with the President acqui¬ escing also, the phrasing of them to lie subject to future consideration, and the onlj acute Issue between the ex¬ ecutive, and the Senate and between two factions in the Senate, being as tS Jiow the interpretations when finally Pi-s^are to be embodied and car- ^°f t""1" weeks, as pointed V?. i Publications In The Star, the drift of events in the Senate Iim steadily in the direction of adop- >jn of reservations and interpella- -on of 'interpretations'" as an In¬ evitable solution of the tie-up over ti<e treaty. v OYer The leaders ff both factions, it was rajd today, will now devote them¬ selves to efforts to reach a compro¬ mise on the method of embodyincr the interpretations into form to make them effective and yet be acceptable to the President. What that form will ' " no Senator could predict today but the feeling in the Senate is that a ay will be found and the treaty will 1>e ratified accepting the covenant .>r the league of nations with "in- ns.f lP Senator Fall's Questions; President Wilsons Answers Senator Pall's questions given to President Wilson follow: "1. In your judgment, have you not the power and authority, by a proclamation, to declare in ap¬ propriate words that peace exists, and thus restore the status of peace between the governments and peoples of this country and those with whom we declared war? "2. Could not. in any event, the power which declared war.that is. Congress.joined by the President, as you affixed your approval of the declaration of war, by a reso¬ lution, or an of Congress, declare peace, as Germany did not declare war upon us? "3. Is not the pending treaty, aside from the league covenant, merely- a -set of -agreed rules and regulations, to be observed after peace is established, and is not tne state of war terminated merely by the flling of the first proces- verbal? "4. The state of war being thus , terminated by the filing of the Pr<>- ces-verbal, although we may not yet have ratified the treaty, Ger¬ many not having declared war upon us, could you not appoint °I reappoint consular officers ana agents in Germany, and by a proc¬ lamation of the status of P®*f" authorise our citizens, and without further delay resume governmental relations with Germany. and would we not then be off of a war basis SB to business? Xermination of State of War. "5. The agreement of the tories to the treaty is that "from the coming into force of the present treaty, the aUU of war will termi- "And under article 440 it Is pro¬ vided that as soon as the treaty shall have been ratified by Germany on the one hand and by hree of the prin¬ cipal allied and associated powers on the other hand, the firat Proces- verbal of the deposit of ratification will be drawn and from the date of this first process-verbal the treaty will come into force between the high contracting parties who have rati¬ fied It.* "Am I correct in assuming: "(a) That when three of the princi¬ pal allied powers shall have ratified the treaty with Germany and the proces-verbal ts filed, the league nations Is then established. "(h) That all the other provisions of the treaty with Germany are in full force to to such ratifying powe.- "(e) TlUkt as to the two remaining powers, should they nothave rattfied it (the one being tin associated pow¬ er.the United States), 'the state of war will terminate. . although tj»a particular terms of the treaty Itself will not be In force as to such non- ratifying P®w«rt. ... "(d) That such laat powers will not be members of the league until and unless thereafter they have either ratified the t~aty and the league articles, or shall have been otherwise accepted Into the }«agu* under the provisions of the articles as they now stand or as they may be in force a J, the time of ad- mission? , t "6 However desirable it mignt be to have the treaty Immediately adopted, with the articles of the covenant of the league as written, by what process will this. la. view of your statement as to largely in¬ creased export, within the near future or within one or two more years, reduce in this country the rentals, cost of necessaries, etc? Expression of European Nations. "7. Have you heard from Nor¬ way! Sweden, Denmark. Holland and Switzerland, or either, as to whether they will Join the league and when? "8. Are you Issuing, or allowing to be issued, en bloc or otherwise, licenses to do business with those recently our enemies, and are you allowing ships and cargoes des¬ tined to ports of Germany or other recent enemy ports to clear from our ports? , "9. Have you requested consular representatives of other countries to act for us in Germany? ..10. Among the documents for¬ warded on the 8th instant to the chairman of the committee, by yourself, under No. 6, following the final report of the commission upon the league articles.. I find the following recomniendation: 'Re¬ solved. That in the opinion of the commission the president of the commission should be requested by the conference to invite seven powers. Including two neutrals, to name representatives on a commit¬ tee (A) to prepare plans for the organization of the league: <B) to prepare plans for the establish¬ ment of the seat of the league: (C) to prepare plans and the agenda for the first meeting of the assembly." "Was this committee appointed and have they reported tentatively to the commission or to yourself, and If so. is a copy of such report available? Renunciation of Sights. "11. Under article 118 of the peace treaty, part IV there is a general renunciation of all German rights to territory formerly be¬ longing to herself or to her allies and a renunciation of all her rights, titles an<l privileges outside of her boundaries as fixed by the treaty which she held as against the allied, and associated powers. There is no cession, apparently, of the territory to any particular power or association of powers, but there is an understanding on the part of Germany to recognize and conform to the measures which may be taken 'now. or In the fu¬ ture by the principal allied and as¬ sociated powers in agreement, where necessary, with third pow¬ ers in order to carry the above stipulation Into efTect." "To what nation, nations or as¬ sociations of nations does the ter¬ ritory renounced under this arti¬ cle go, aside from such portions as are specifically assigned to certain nations or plebiscite commissions by the particular article of the Ger¬ man treaty, and by what character of title and what part. If any, does the United States take or has she taken, with reference to the dispo¬ sition of such property? 12. Article 119, section 1, of part IV, reads: " "Germany renounces In favor of the principal allied and associated powers all her rights and titles over her overseas possessions." "This appears to be a direct ces¬ sion of the German overseas pos¬ session to the principal" allied and associated powers: of course, the United States being an associated 'power, what character of title does the United States receive to any ' (.Continued on Second Page.) ~ 4 My Dear Senator Fall: You left yesterday in my hands certain written questions which I promised you I would answer. I am hastening: to fulfill that promise. I feel constrained to say in reply to your first question not only that In my judgment I have not the power by proclamation to declare that peace exists, but that I could in no circumstances consent to take such a course prior to the ratifica¬ tion of a formal treaty of peace. I feel it due to perfect frankness to say that it would, in my opinion, put a stain upon our national honor which we never could efface, if. after sending our men to the battlefield to fight the common cause, we should abandon our asso¬ ciates in the war In the settlement of the terms of peace and dissoci¬ ate ourselves from all responsi¬ bility with regard to those terms. I respectfully suggest that, hav¬ ing said this. I have in efTect an¬ swered also your second, third and fourth questions, so far as I myself am concerned. Permit me to answer your fifth question by saying that the provi¬ sions of the treaty to which you refer operate merely to establish peace between the powers ratify¬ ing. and that it is questionable whether it can be said that the league of nations is in any true sense created by the association of only three of the allied and asso¬ ciated governments. In rsply to your sixth qustion. I can only express the confident opinion that the immediate adoption of the treaty, along with the ar¬ ticles of the covenant of the league as written, would certainly within the near future reduce the cost of living in this <;ountry as elsewhere, by restoring pfoductlon and com¬ merce to their normal strength and freedom. For your convenience. I will number the remaining paragraphs of this letter as the questions to whicfe they are intended to reply are numbered. Has No Official Information. Severf.I have had no official in¬ formation as to whether Norway. Sweden, Denmark. Holland or Switz¬ erland will join the league. Eight.I answered your eighth question in reply to a question asked me at our conference the other day. Nine.In February. 1917, Spain was requested to take charge of American interests in Oarmarnr through har diplomatic and consular representa¬ tives. and no nthT irmmntrifif has since been made. Ten.The conunittM to prepare plans for the organisation of the league fOr the establishment of the seat of the league and for the pro¬ ceedings of the ftret meeting of the assembly has been appointed but has not reported. Eleven.Article 118 of the peace treaty, part IV. under which Ger¬ many renounces all her rights to ter¬ ritory formerly belonging to herself or to her allies., was understood, so far as special provision was not made in the treaty itself for its disposition, as constituting the principal allied and associated powers the authority by which such disposition should ul¬ timately be determined. It conveys no title to those powers, but merely intrusts the disposition of the terri¬ tory in question to their decision. Vests a Trusteeship. Twelve. Germany's renunciation In favor of the principal allied and associated powers or her rights and titles to her overseas posses¬ sions is meant similarly to operate as vesting In those powers a trus¬ teeship with respect of tfelr final disposition and government. Thirteen. There has been a pro¬ visional agreement as to the dis- positicn of these overseas posses¬ sions. whose confirmation and ex¬ ecution is dependent upon the ap¬ proval of the league of nations, and the United States is a party to that provisional agreement. Fourteen. The only agreement between France and Great Britain with regard to African territory, of which I am cognizant, concerns the redirpositlon of rights already possessed by those countries on that continent. The provisional agreement referred to in the pre¬ ceding paragraph covers all the German overseas . possessions, in Africa as well as elsewhere. Fifteen. No mention' was made in connection with the settlement of the Saar basin of the service of an American member of the com¬ mission of five to be set up there. Sixteen. It was deemed wise that the United States should be repre¬ sented by one member of the com¬ mission for settling the new fron¬ tier lines of Belcium and Germany, because of the universal opinion that America's representative would add to the commission a useful element of entirely disin¬ terested judgment. Seventeen. The choice of the commission for the Saar basin was left to the council of the league of nations, because the Saar basin is for fifteen years to be directly un¬ der the care and direction of the league of nations. Eighteen. Article 83 does in ef¬ fect provide that five of the mem¬ bers of the commission of seven to fix the boundaries between Poland and Czecho-Slovakia should be nominated by certain countries, be¬ cause there are Ave principal allied and asaociated powers, and the nomination of five representatives by those powers necessarily means the nomination of one representa¬ tive by each of those powers. . Nineteen. No such commission has yet been appointed. Twenty. It was deemed wise that the United States should have a representative on the commission set up to exercise authority over the plebiscite of Upper Slleala. for the same reason that I have given with regard to the commission for setting the frontier line of Bel¬ gium and Germany. Sincerely yours, WOODROW WILSON. DOYLE AND MORGAN LOSE IN SOUTHAMPTON TENNIS SOUTHAMPTON. Long Island. .Au¬ gust 21. C. B. Doyle and Dudley Mor¬ gan of Washington were put ^out of the tennis singles of the Meadow Club tourney here t«day. Davis defeated Doyle in the fourth round. 6 3, 6.0. Leonard Beekman eliminated Morgan in the third round, 6.1. 6.V Morgan got a default from Gerald Patterson in the second round, the latter and Norman Brookes both deciding not to play. Itfle E. Mathan put out Randolph Lycett, 6-^4, «. "Rejoice with them that do rejoice, And weep with them that weep." MMRBNBT D. C. Citizens and U. £. Of¬ ficials Will Co-Operate. Pershing to Be Here. Wheels began to turn in the Na¬ tional Capital today to make the tri¬ umphal parade of the famous 1st Di¬ vision of regulars here, about Septem¬ ber 1«. the greatest tiling of <ts kind iin. tilt history of tfa* satLou, «*e*od- 1 Ing, in some features, even the grand re¬ view of IMS. Citizens of Washington and officials and officers of the War Department will co-operate in planning the great greeting which the city aims to give the 1st Division, which will arrive in New York about August 27. Robert N. Harper, chairman of the citisens' welcome committee, today called a i meeting of the committee for 4 o'clock tomorrow afternoon, when plans will j be considered. Probably Will Be Holiday. With prospects that the day will be made a holiday, and that Gen. John J. Pershing, commander of the American expeditionary froces. either will lead or review the parade, the city came > to the realization today that here is the great opportunity for the people here, representative of the nation, to pay tribute not only to the men of the 1st Division, but. through them, to the entire American expeditionary force which fought and bled on the fields of Fj^nce for the glory of America and the world. Plans for an unusual feature for the parade. In tribute to the division, will be made at the meeting of the wel¬ come committee tomorrow afternoon, j Chairman Harper said. Other mem- ! bers of the committee are Walter A. Brown. Board of Trade: W. B. West- | lake. Federation of Citizens' Assocla- j lions; A. J*. Sinclair. Chamber of Com- | j merce; Dr. E. W. Wiseman. Federation of Colored Citizens' Associations: ! John Joy Kdson. representing the draft boards, and Joseph Berberlch. the Merchants and Manufacturers' Asso- ciatlon. I The parade here, following a parade of the 1st Division at New York, prob¬ ably will be advertised throughout the nation as the "national welcome home." Scores of features will be worked up to add to the general at¬ tractiveness of the day. Pennsylvania avenue will be made bright with flags and bunting, beyond all previous ef- forts, to welcome the parading divi¬ sion. which will march in full equip¬ ment. with all its combat and field trains. Contains More Than 28,000. I In columns of fours, the 1st Divi- siou which comprises more than 28,000 officers and men. stretched twenty- nine and a half miles, with its com- , bat and field trains, which include ' the ration and ammunition carts, j machine guns, artillery corps, rolling kitchens, sanitary, supply and am¬ munition trains and the motor cycle units. This big "fighting engine," as War Department officials call it, will not be marched in a nearly thirty-mile line through Washington, however. According to Col. W. S. Grant, mem¬ ber of the operations division, gen¬ eral staff, of which Gen. Jervey is chief, the parade here will be in mass i formation. CoL Grant, who is in charge of i War Department arrangements for < the parade of the division here, s<lld I today that the division will be so marched that Its total length of line will be in the neighborhood of ten miles. Cut to this length, the divi¬ sion will take about Ave hours to pass a given point, he said. In passing^ the people of Washing¬ ton will be given a unique oppor¬ tunity, never given before in the his¬ tory of the United States. It is be¬ lieved, to witness a full Army division in war-time equipment. Certainly, It is pointed out, never before has a modern division marched here, with . Its wonderful equipment of twentieth / century guns and war Inventions, trench hats, motor cycles, etc. ' Flan to Placard Wagons. Plans are being worked out at the War Department whereby every wagon in the-great equipment trains of the division will be placarded, s<? that spectators will be able to tell Just what is what as the parade goes by. Col. Grant hopes to be able to work out this feature, knowing that to stand and watch marching men for five hours is no easy task, even for regular Army men, and that the in¬ terest of the citizens along th< route of march will be wonderfully sus- (Continued on Second Page.) POLAND MUST GIVE JEWS EQUALITY, SAYS PILSUDSKI President of Government Declares Only Way to Solve Problem Is to Grant Religious Free- dom, as Other Civilized Countries Do. BY ANTHONY CZARXECKL. By Cable to The Star and Chicago Dally »m, Copyright, 1*19. VILNA, Poland, August 15 (by cou¬ rier to Warsaw and Paris, August 19.) .Gen. Pilsudski, president of the Polish government, while on his way to take charge o-f the Polish offensive, against the Russian bolshevik) stop¬ ped here and in an interview told me ast&rss! lie utterance regarding the Jewish problem. 'Thy« ia a Jewish questioa," he said, arid Poland cannot solve it to any other way than that In which it has been solved in civilised countries throughout the world, namely, by giv¬ ing the Jews equal rights with the Christians. In the very first step o-f her political life Poland went the same way and did not make any dis¬ tinctions on account of religious faith or race. The Jew here has the same rights as a Christian. I cannot understand why those pretending to be interested in solving the Jewish quMtton in Poland suppose that the manner of its solution in other civil¬ ized countries will not succeed in Po¬ land. All that is needed is to get the people accustomed to live as freemen and not as slaves. No Pogroms, He Says. "It was not fair to present the de¬ mands of the Jews to the allies at the peace conference on the plea of solvirvg the problem without first giv¬ ing the Polish government an oppor¬ tunity to consider the suggestions of¬ fered. Deliberate falsehoods were circulated about pogroms in Poland during the struggle to drive out the bolsheviki. These were heralded throughout the world to injure Poland at a critical time in the peace con¬ ference negotiations. It happens that the very period under investiga¬ tion by the American commission, headed by "former Ambassador Mor- genthau and Gen. Jadwin. was when I was here myself. There were no pogroms and the claim that there were was made deliberately for ul¬ terior purposes and designed to injure Poland. "Vilna was first taken on April 19 by a small squadron of cavalry unex¬ pectedly entering the city. All the bolshevist soldiery in the city were Disorders at Seaport Near Danzig Follow Quarrel at Dance.U. S. Men From Destroyer Hale. COPENHAGEN, August 21..Col¬ lisions between German and American sailors on Tuesday at Neufahrwasser resulted in the wounding of several civilians and one German seaman, according to Danzig dispatches re¬ ceived here today. Neufahrwasser is a seaport four miles jiorth of Danzig. The disorders grew out of a quarrel in a dance hall Monday night, ac¬ cording to these dispatches. Ameri¬ cans involved in the disturbance, which continued in the streets after the sailors left the dance hall, re¬ turned to their ship, the destroyer Hale. On Tuesday seamen on leave from the German cruiser Frankfort came to blows with American sailors and. it is said, civilians also attacked the Americans. The Americans, supported by French seamen from the destroyer Claymore, charged the crowds. Shots are said to have been fired from the Claymore, wounding four Germans slightly. Frontier guards dispersed the crowds and the Americans and the French returned to their ships. ARMY BLANKETS SALE ORDERED DISCONTINUED War Department distribution cen¬ ters, throurh which surplus war ma¬ terials arq sold, were instructed today to discontinue the sale of Army blankets. It was explained that the distribution was jiot as wide as had been hoped for and that to give all an equal opportunity to purchase the blankets a new distribution system would be worked out. / i either captured.or took flight. For three days the battle continued, the streets having the character of civil strife between the friends and foes of the boisheviki. Jews were among the active participants. On the third day more of our troops arrived and drove the boisheviki out of the city. The strain on the soldiers created by the situation was felt on all sides and affected the morale yf the people. It was necessary for me to act to bring order out of chaos, and hence my command to the civllhuj pop- ulatien. Considering' the slae of the city, witfe it* earrow winding streets in which the lighting went on for three days, it was almost miraculous that It all ended with such a small number of victims, only a few soldiers and civilians being killed. "No one who knows my life's work will charge me with treating the Jews differently from the Christians. In view of the fact that there were no excesses against any one during the fight, how are the false reports spread in the United States to be explained and their damage to the good name of Poland to be repaired? According to press reports, men who aspired to the presidency of your country attacked Poland. These false rumors of po¬ groms are stabs in the dark at the heart of Poland and do not help to solve the Jewish problem. The ma¬ jority of the places mentioned in the report happened to be in the war zone or within a short distance of where our men were shedding their blood to check the onslaught of the boisheviki on both Jews and gentiles. These places need help. Epidemics Spreading-. "Epidemics are spreading and dis¬ eases continue to rage. The lands which yielded the harvests from which the people were fed are now barren wastes, as the result of Ger¬ man military devastation and bolshe- vist rule. In many places the people continue to live in trenches. Clothing and food problems are looming up be¬ fore these first victims of the German military requisition and later of bol- shevist oppression, if the money de¬ voted to spreading false reports about Poland were utilized to stir the world into a realization of what odds the Polish nation has to meet in trying to maintain its freedom, it would do much to help solves the Jewish and other problems." tTlTTONI MAY COME HERE i IN REGARD TO FMME Said to Have Agreed With France on Plan,- Bnt Britain and U. S. Must Approve. i BY PAUL SCOTT MOWRER. By Cable to The Star and Chleage Daily Jiewi, Copyright. 1919. [ PARIS, August 20..I have reason to believe that Foreign Minister Tit- toni of Italy has reached a definite ! agreement with the French delegates regarding Flume. It is supposed that the terms of this agreement, as I j pointed out-in a recent cable, provide for the internationalization of Flume, while Italy obtains a mandatory over Zara and several Dalmatian islands. II am Informed . that Tittoni will see Premier Lloyd George within a few days with a view to obtaining the Brit¬ ish acceptance of this plan, which, it is expected, will not be difficult. Then it will remain for Italy to ob¬ tain President Wilson's consent. Si- gnor Tlttonl evidently believes that it was a Franco-British suggestion which led President "Wilson to make his orig- inal Flume declaration, and that it ) will be sufficient to make terms with ! France and Britain to obtain the j President's consent. But if difficulties should again be raised by the Ameri- | can delegates it is possible that Signor Tittoni might go personally to Wash- ( ington to confer directly with Presi- dent Wilson. He is said to find it dif¬ ficult to negotiate with the American delegates here, because they are un¬ able to give immediate answers and are obliged to keep cabling to Wash¬ ington for instructions about every¬ thing. Denial of Plan to Pay Ex-Kaiser. BERLIN, August SO (By the Asso¬ ciated Press)..The Zeitung Am Mit- j tag says thtf finance ministry has < given denial to Die Freiheit's report] regarding a bill providing for 170.- ( 000,000 marks for the former emperor. Ambassador Here Receives Instructions From His Government. WILL ASK WITHDRAWAL OF BANDIT PURSUERS Capt. Matlack. Cavalry Officer, Is Credited With Capture of Two of Fugitives. The Mexican ambassador here has been instructed by his government to protest to the State Department against the dispatch of American troops across the border and to re¬ quest their withdrawal, according to a statement issued at Mexico City yesterday. The statement received here today said: "Two aviators of the Army of the United States, through error, so they state, flew over our territory, landing approximately 112 kilometers to the south of the frontier, where they were captured by a band of twenty bandits. They have now been liberated. Instructions Given. "Some troops of the 8th Cavalry of the United States crossed the frontier in pursuit of the outlaws. The depart¬ ment of foreign relations gave instruc¬ tions at once to our embassy in Wash¬ ington to make appropriate representa¬ tions, protesting and requesting the im¬ mediate withdrawal of the invading troops." It was said at the State Department today that no protest had been made by Ambassador Bonillas. One Bandit Killed; Two Held. MARFA. Tex.. August 21 (by the As¬ sociated Press)..One bandit was be¬ lieved to have been killed and two others made prisoners since American troops crossed the Rio Grande into Mexico Tuesday morning. A report received here told of an American cavalry sergeant who rode to the border after dark and reported that Capt. Leonard Matlack of the Sth Cavalry had captured two bandits, be¬ lieved to have been implicated in the capture of the aviators Peterson and Davis. Neither man was Renter!*, the ban¬ dit'leader, he said. JOne Mexican was killed Tuesday when American avi¬ ators returned their lire as they saw three bandits near the border, one of whom was seen to fall with his horse. The American troop* slept last night on the trails, of (he bandits after ios- ins thefti Tuesday in torrential rains, I picking up the trails again yesterday. | Gen. Pruneda, with approximately 250 Carranza cavalry troops, camped for the night near Cuchillo Parado, forty miles up the Conchos river from the base at Ojinaga. They left Ojina- ga last night to take the Held in pur¬ suit *of the bandits. American pack trains and other units crossed and recrossed the path of the Carranza troops without fric¬ tion, according to reports from the field. Attempting Same Object. Mexican Consul Cosme Bengocha, at Presido, Tei., announced that the Pru¬ neda troops were attempting the same object as the American troops.to run down and capture the bandits. He said he anticipated no trouble between the two bodies of troops in the field. He also denied Chico Cano, the bandit leader in Ojinaga district, was made captain of the Carranza column sta¬ tioned at San Jose., opposite Indio, lex., on the Rio Grande. Maj. Gen. Joseph T. Dickman. com¬ mander of the Southern Department, was expected here today to inspect the troops in the Big Bend district. It is not known whether Gen. Dick- rpan will go to the Rio Grande while he is here. TJ. S. Aviators Assist Mexicans. American aviators arc assisting Carranza officials in keeping in touch with the forces of Gen. Pruneda. which are engaged in the pursuit of ban¬ dits along the Conchos river. Ameri¬ can aviators carried messages from Mexican Consul Cosme Bengochie. at Presidio, Tex., to Gen. Pruneda. Two American aviators. Lieut. T. W. Hastey and Lieut. H. A. Johnson, had a narrow escape from death while on scout duty in Mexico yesterday. The turtleback of the fuselage on their airplane blew out and the ma- child almost went into a tail spin before they could right it 150 feet above the mountains. Rebels Gain Power. EL PASO. Tex.. August 21..Rebels under Cordiano Guzman are masters of life and property in parts of the state of Michoacan, according to Ex- celsior, a Mexico City newspaper, dated August 13. Federal forces, it is said, have made" no effort to pursue the rebel chieftan.! who is reported particularly strong In the extensive district of Arteaga. Commerce and agriculture are demor¬ alized as a result of Guzman's depre- dations. the article says. Guzman is a native of the Arteaga district and on the "few occasions" when pursuit has been attempted he has been able to escape,' it is reported. Tanks and Bifles Shipped. COLUMBUS, August «1>..Sixty-two more tanks recently were shipped from the Army reserve depot here to forts on or near the Mexican border It has been learned. . During the laat week 100 of the one-man whippet- ! type fighting machines were shipped to the border. Three thousand rifles also have been shipped to border | points w$tbin the last few days. Army officers at the depot refuse to com¬ ment on the significance of the ship- ments. HMmrniED UNDER MM. LAW .. COPENHAGEN, August 21..Martial law has been proclaimed throughout Hungary, says a Budapest dispatch dated Wednesday. Italian Troops on Way. PARIS. August 20..Italian troops are on their way into Hungary, ac¬ cording to reports received here to¬ day. No details of the movement were ¦riven. - i House Committee Acts Fa¬ vorably on Prison and $5,- OOO Fine Penalties. APPLICATION EXTENDED TO CLOTHING, FUEL, FEED War Department Civilian Em¬ ployes Meet Tomorrow to Plan Co-Operative Store. Amendments to the food control act Imposing a $3,000 fine and imprison¬ ment of two years for profiteering were ordered favorably reported to¬ day by the House agriculture commit¬ tee. The legislation was proposed by Attorney General Palmer and extends the terms of the act to include <<mong the list of necessities "wearing ap- parel, containers of food, feed or fer- I tilizers. fuei oil and natural gas. Will Plan Co-Operative Store. Civilian employes of the War l»e- partment will have a meeting in the auditorium of the Interior Depart¬ ment building tomorrow afternoon at 5 o'clock to arrange for a co-operative store in the War Department, as a means of combating the high cost of living. The movement is under the direction of Joseph W. Ross, director of welfare service. He will preside at tomorrow's meeting and explain what i it is proposed to do. A committee has prepared a constitution and by-laws and will submit its report for adop¬ tion. Co-operative stores have been estab- I lished by employes of the Post Office Department and the Interstate Com- merce Commission and have met with great success. Those behind the movement in the War Department hope to have their store established in about thirty days, and with its operation to reduce the cost of living ! to its members from 13 to S3 per cent. It Is planned to carry troceries. etc.. and probably clothing, shoes, tnd cer¬ tain toilet articles. A11 War Depart¬ ment employes interested in the cost of living are invited to attend to¬ morrow's meeting. Indorses Basket Plan. Commissioner Brownlow today in- | dorsed the "back-to-the-basket" movt- ment of Washington housewives, tn- ! aurnrmt*d toy parsons interested in cutting down the high cost of living, i "I am sure that those who journey to the markets will save money." de¬ clared Mr. Brownlow. "And ft Is va ! be noted that the system of dealing directly between the producer and con - sumer eliminates many money-eatinjc transactions. The movement is praisei- worthv. I am heartily in favor of it." At the farmers' market Saturda \- morning. Commissioner Brownlow'is expected to be present with Supt. , George M. Roberts of the department of weights and measure*;. Sup;. . , Roberts will conduct housewives around the chain of stands, introduc¬ ing producers to consumers. A practical demonstration of the | basket movement was given by the ' ' Southeast Community Center, at the Tyler School building, 11th and G streets southeast, yesterday, when a farmer with a wagonload of potatoes, apples, tomatoes and other produce sold out within two hours. More than 230 consumers fllled their baskets. Senator Would Know Incomes. Senator Walsh of Massachusetts in¬ troduced in the Senate today a resolu¬ tion requesting the President to authorise a special committee of the Senate, proposing to investigats the high cost of living, to have access to the income tax returns of all corpora¬ tions, Arms and partnerships engaged in the large-scale distribution of food or having contracts with the govern- 'ment for the furnishing of military or other supplies. The committee, by the terms of the resolution, would be authorized to an¬ nex to its report a list of all persons employed since April 6. 1917, either under a regular salary or "one-doliar- a-year" basis, to whom government contracts were issued, either as indi¬ viduals or as stockholders in corpora¬ tions receiving contracts, and what were the profits of the individuals or firms. The preamble to the Walsh resolu¬ tion states that there is demand to know the names of persons or cor¬ porations that have engaged in prof¬ iteering during the time every family was undergoing sacrifices and thou¬ sands of American soldiers were giv¬ ing their all to their country. The resolution was ordered to lie over under the rule to come up for consideration hereafter. Several reso¬ lutions are pending In the Senate for the appointment of a special commit¬ tee to investigate general profiteering. BANDITS LOOT MAIL CAR AND TURN ENGINE WILD s Tennessee Posse in Pursuit of the Bobbers, Who ICade No At¬ tack on Express Car. By the A»*oci»ted Pre". NASHVILLE. Tenn., August *1 . Masked bandits held up Loulsvills passenger train No. 7, Cincinnati to Montgomery, this morning at 2 o'clock, between Columbia and Pu¬ laski. and carried off the mail pouches. The four bandits are supposed to have boarded the train at Columbia While the train was under way they appeared and forced the engineer to cut loose the coaches and pull off with the mall car. Holding the crew cov¬ ered, they took possession of the mail bags and then sent the engine run¬ ning wild toward Pulaski. The loco¬ motive ran down at Wales. The ex¬ press car was not touched. What th.- bandits secured is not known. Officers of several counties are seeking the bandits. Biology Department Organized. RICHMOND, Vs., August 21..Presi¬ dent J. A. C. Chandler of William and Mary College has announced the ap¬ pointment of Donald Walton Davis, doctor of philosophy at Harvard, to the head of the department of biology, the organisation of which has just Kmo completed by Dr. Chandls^.
Transcript of TERATIFIES TREATY, HE MR. FALL · 2017-12-18 · 1>e ratified accepting the covenant.>r the league...
WEATHER.Shower* and thunderstorms probable
tonight and tomorrow; cooler tomor¬row.Temperature for twenty-four hours
«rded 2 p.m today: Highest, *7. at 4:30p.m. yesterday; lowest, 69, at G a.m.today.Full report on pa*e 25.
Closing New York Stocks, Page 25. Yesterday's Net Circulation, 93,119
No. 27,511. WASHINGTON, D. C., THURSDAY, AUGUST 21, 1919-THIRTY PAGES. TWO CENTS.
PRESIDENT CANNOT PROCLAIMPEACEBEFORESENATE RA TIFIESTREATY, HE ANSWERS MR. FALL
¦ Says the Treaty BringsPeace to Signatories
Only.MEANS AN EARLYNORMAL STATE
Executive Replies that Allies Hold jt Merely Trust on Genua
Possessions. I
Dtawmlc Jkute Iraltra, ap-divided over the expe-
dl»»ry of the roapraailw proposalfor prarr treaty rewmtlni sep¬arate from the ratlfleattoa. decidedtoday aot to press far aetloa the jresolution of Seaator Plttmaa, |democrat. of >evada. embodylas .
the rompromise plaa. The laiprea-aloa naa (Irn that the ateaaareprobably noald be permitted to lie.ver ladeBaltely.
President Wilson has not the powerto declare peace by proclamation, nor
could he consent in any circumstancesto take such a course prior to theratification of a formal treaty of peaceh.v the Senate. The President so wrote jSenator Kali today in answer to one
of twenty written questions the sena¬
tor presented at the White Houseconference Tuesday.
Keplying to another question, thePresident said .the provision of the !
treaty that this treaty should comeinto force after the ratification byGermany and three of the principalassociated powers, operated merelyto establish peace between those rati¬fying: powers and that it was "ques¬tionable whether it can be said thatthe league of nations is in any truesense created by the association ofonly three of the allied and associatedgovernments."
Would Believe Living Cost.As to the question of when normal
conditions might be restored, thePresident said he could only expressthe confident opinion that immediateratification of the treaty and accept¬ance of the covenant of the leagueas written would "certainly withinthe near future reduce the cost ofliving" both in this country andabroad through the restoration ofproduction and commerce to normal.To Senator Fall's questions relating
' *o the disposition of Germany's pos¬sessions, the President said the ar¬
rangement in the treaty conveyed notitle to the allied or associated pow¬ers. but merely "intrusts dispositionof the territory in question to theirdecision." .
% Trusteeship Is Vested. v
"Germany's renunciation in favor ofthe principal allied and associatedpowers." the President continued, "ofher rights and titles to her overseaspossessions Is meant similarly to op¬erate as vesting in those powers atrusteeship with respect of their finaldisposition and government."
How to Give Effect toTreaty Reservations
Only Point at IssueThe contest in the Senate over the
league of nations feature of the treatyof peace has now narrowed to thequestion of how reservations to or In¬terpretations of the covenant are tobe proposed.whether they shall form
t *e resolution of ratification
or be adopted as a separate instru-ment.President Wilson has agreed to in¬
terpretations. Senator Pittman ofNevada has drawn up a resolution !putting the interpretations into form jof words and sentences. He stated In '
Maton'wUi fort>"slx democratic,wtI1 support the interpreta¬
tions if they are carried in an instru-ment separate from the treaty"I expect the resolution to be adorn¬
ed by Great Britain, France, ItalyJapan, Brazil and probably by all na-
members upon the coun¬
cil, ^ D? league of nations." saidSenator Pittman in the Senate -Ifk." na51°n8 are, to be legally bound
annrove U .C."°.n' Tthen they mu«hi 1 contend that If
the obligation upoh our part Is purelva moral obligation, which we have aTight to determine for ourselves with.out interference from the council or
«"y ,uil®r body* or witJiout authoritywith .Lr v" our resolution.with regard to such question not onlyserves notice to them but estops themafterward from complaining with re¬gard to the commission of any actthat we >thave notified them we willperrorna.Continuing, he said that so far as
rieht ofi" ~nce"»ed, relating to the
v v<?r?wal' and 80 ^ «sarticle X. which contains our prom-ise to protect other nations, is con¬cerned. 'the resolution would be justas effective whether ft were adoptedby the other countries or not. becausethey have nothing to do with ourtfioral obligations."
> The interpretations drawn up bySe»V_or P'ui"a" cover the main fourpoints embodied in proposals for res¬ervations by several other senators,namely, right to withdraw from theleague unhampered, freedom of actionlegurding article X, reservation ofpurely domestic questions and specificjeservation of the Monroe doctrine*
" appears that democrats andrepublicans alike are agreed ut>on theadvisability of these four genera*principles of interpretations a*d res¬ervations. with the President acqui¬escing also, the phrasing of them tolie subject to future consideration, andthe onlj acute Issue between the ex¬ecutive, and the Senate and betweentwo factions in the Senate, being as tSJiow the interpretations when finally
Pi-s^are to be embodied and car-
^°f t""1" weeks, as pointedV?. i Publications In The Star,
the drift of events in the Senate Iimsteadily in the direction of adop-
>jn of reservations and interpella--on of 'interpretations'" as an In¬evitable solution of the tie-up overti<e treaty.
v OYer
The leaders ff both factions, it was
rajd today, will now devote them¬selves to efforts to reach a compro¬mise on the method of embodyincr theinterpretations into form to makethem effective and yet be acceptableto the President. What that form will' " no Senator could predict today butthe feeling in the Senate is that aay will be found and the treaty will
1>e ratified accepting the covenant.>r the league of nations with "in-
ns.flP
Senator Fall's Questions;President Wilsons Answers
Senator Pall's questions given toPresident Wilson follow:"1. In your judgment, have you
not the power and authority, by a
proclamation, to declare in ap¬propriate words that peace exists,and thus restore the status ofpeace between the governmentsand peoples of this country andthose with whom we declared war?
"2. Could not. in any event, thepower which declared war.that is.Congress.joined by the President,as you affixed your approval ofthe declaration of war, by a reso¬
lution, or an of Congress, declarepeace, as Germany did not declarewar upon us?
"3. Is not the pending treaty,aside from the league covenant,merely- a -set of -agreed rules andregulations, to be observed afterpeace is established, and is not tnestate of war terminated merelyby the flling of the first proces-verbal?
"4. The state of war being thus, terminated by the filing of the Pr<>-ces-verbal, although we may notyet have ratified the treaty, Ger¬many not having declared war
upon us, could you not appoint °Ireappoint consular officers ana
agents in Germany, and by a proc¬lamation of the status of P®*f"authorise our citizens, and withoutfurther delay resume governmentalrelations with Germany. andwould we not then be off of a warbasis SB to business?
Xermination of State of War."5. The agreement of the
tories to the treaty is that "from thecoming into force of the presenttreaty, the aUU of war will termi-
"And under article 440 it Is pro¬vided that as soon as the treaty shallhave been ratified by Germany on theone hand and by hree of the prin¬cipal allied and associated powers onthe other hand, the firat Proces-verbal of the deposit of ratificationwill be drawn and from the date ofthis first process-verbal the treaty willcome into force between the highcontracting parties who have rati¬fied It.*"Am I correct in assuming:"(a) That when three of the princi¬
pal allied powers shall have ratifiedthe treaty with Germany and theproces-verbal ts filed, the leaguenations Is then established."(h) That all the other provisions
of the treaty with Germany are infull force to to such ratifying powe.-"(e) TlUkt as to the two remaining
powers, should they nothave rattfiedit (the one being tin associated pow¬er.the United States), 'the state ofwar will terminate. . although tj»aparticular terms of the treaty Itselfwill not be In force as to such non-ratifying P®w«rt. ...
"(d) That such laat powers willnot be members of the league untiland unless thereafter they haveeither ratified the t~aty and theleague articles, or shall have beenotherwise accepted Into the }«agu*under the provisions of thearticles as they now stand or as theymay be in force aJ, the time of ad-mission?
,t"6 However desirable it migntbe to have the treaty Immediatelyadopted, with the articles of thecovenant of the league as written,by what process will this. la. viewof your statement as to largely in¬creased export, within the nearfuture or within one or two moreyears, reduce in this country therentals, cost of necessaries, etc?
Expression of European Nations."7. Have you heard from Nor¬
way! Sweden, Denmark. Hollandand Switzerland, or either, as towhether they will Join the leagueand when?
"8. Are you Issuing, or allowingto be issued, en bloc or otherwise,licenses to do business with thoserecently our enemies, and are youallowing ships and cargoes des¬tined to ports of Germany or otherrecent enemy ports to clear fromour ports? ,
"9. Have you requested consularrepresentatives of other countriesto act for us in Germany?
..10. Among the documents for¬warded on the 8th instant to thechairman of the committee, byyourself, under No. 6, following thefinal report of the commissionupon the league articles.. I find thefollowing recomniendation: 'Re¬solved. That in the opinion of thecommission the president of thecommission should be requested bythe conference to invite sevenpowers. Including two neutrals, toname representatives on a commit¬tee (A) to prepare plans for theorganization of the league: <B) toprepare plans for the establish¬ment of the seat of the league:(C) to prepare plans and theagenda for the first meeting of theassembly.""Was this committee appointed
and have they reported tentativelyto the commission or to yourself,and If so. is a copy of such reportavailable?
Renunciation of Sights."11. Under article 118 of the
peace treaty, part IV there is ageneral renunciation of all Germanrights to territory formerly be¬longing to herself or to her alliesand a renunciation of all herrights, titles an<l privileges outsideof her boundaries as fixed by thetreaty which she held as againstthe allied, and associated powers.There is no cession, apparently, ofthe territory to any particularpower or association of powers,but there is an understanding onthe part of Germany to recognizeand conform to the measures whichmay be taken 'now. or In the fu¬ture by the principal allied and as¬sociated powers in agreement,where necessary, with third pow¬ers in order to carry the abovestipulation Into efTect.""To what nation, nations or as¬
sociations of nations does the ter¬ritory renounced under this arti¬cle go, aside from such portions asare specifically assigned to certainnations or plebiscite commissionsby the particular article of the Ger¬man treaty, and by what characterof title and what part. If any, doesthe United States take or has shetaken, with reference to the dispo¬sition of such property?
12. Article 119, section 1, of partIV, reads:" "Germany renounces In favor of
the principal allied and associatedpowers all her rights and titlesover her overseas possessions.""This appears to be a direct ces¬
sion of the German overseas pos¬session to the principal" allied andassociated powers: of course, theUnited States being an associated'power, what character of title doesthe United States receive to any
'
(.Continued on Second Page.)~ 4
My Dear Senator Fall:You left yesterday in my hands
certain written questions which Ipromised you I would answer. I amhastening: to fulfill that promise.
I feel constrained to say in replyto your first question not only thatIn my judgment I have not thepower by proclamation to declarethat peace exists, but that I couldin no circumstances consent to takesuch a course prior to the ratifica¬tion of a formal treaty of peace. Ifeel it due to perfect frankness tosay that it would, in my opinion,put a stain upon our nationalhonor which we never could efface,if. after sending our men to thebattlefield to fight the commoncause, we should abandon our asso¬ciates in the war In the settlementof the terms of peace and dissoci¬ate ourselves from all responsi¬bility with regard to those terms.
I respectfully suggest that, hav¬ing said this. I have in efTect an¬swered also your second, third andfourth questions, so far as I myselfam concerned.Permit me to answer your fifth
question by saying that the provi¬sions of the treaty to which yourefer operate merely to establishpeace between the powers ratify¬ing. and that it is questionablewhether it can be said that theleague of nations is in any truesense created by the association ofonly three of the allied and asso¬ciated governments.
In rsply to your sixth qustion. Ican only express the confidentopinion that the immediate adoptionof the treaty, along with the ar¬ticles of the covenant of the leagueas written, would certainly withinthe near future reduce the cost ofliving in this <;ountry as elsewhere,by restoring pfoductlon and com¬merce to their normal strength andfreedom.For your convenience. I will
number the remaining paragraphsof this letter as the questions towhicfe they are intended to replyare numbered.
Has No Official Information.Severf.I have had no official in¬
formation as to whether Norway.Sweden, Denmark. Holland or Switz¬erland will join the league.Eight.I answered your eighthquestion in reply to a question askedme at our conference the other day.Nine.In February. 1917, Spain wasrequested to take charge of Americaninterests in Oarmarnr through hardiplomatic and consular representa¬tives. and no nthT irmmntrifif hassince been made.Ten.The conunittM to prepareplans for the organisation of the
league fOr the establishment of theseat of the league and for the pro¬ceedings of the ftret meeting of theassembly has been appointed but hasnot reported.Eleven.Article 118 of the peacetreaty, part IV. under which Ger¬
many renounces all her rights to ter¬ritory formerly belonging to herselfor to her allies., was understood, sofar as special provision was not madein the treaty itself for its disposition,as constituting the principal alliedand associated powers the authorityby which such disposition should ul¬timately be determined. It conveysno title to those powers, but merelyintrusts the disposition of the terri¬tory in question to their decision.
Vests a Trusteeship.Twelve. Germany's renunciation
In favor of the principal allied andassociated powers or her rightsand titles to her overseas posses¬sions is meant similarly to operateas vesting In those powers a trus¬teeship with respect of tfelr finaldisposition and government.Thirteen. There has been a pro¬visional agreement as to the dis-
positicn of these overseas posses¬sions. whose confirmation and ex¬ecution is dependent upon the ap¬proval of the league of nations, andthe United States is a party to thatprovisional agreement.Fourteen. The only agreement
between France and Great Britainwith regard to African territory,of which I am cognizant, concernsthe redirpositlon of rights alreadypossessed by those countries onthat continent. The provisionalagreement referred to in the pre¬ceding paragraph covers all theGerman overseas . possessions, inAfrica as well as elsewhere.Fifteen. No mention' was made
in connection with the settlement ofthe Saar basin of the service ofan American member of the com¬mission of five to be set up there.Sixteen. It was deemed wise that
the United States should be repre¬sented by one member of the com¬mission for settling the new fron¬tier lines of Belcium and Germany,because of the universal opinionthat America's representativewould add to the commission auseful element of entirely disin¬terested judgment.Seventeen. The choice of the
commission for the Saar basin wasleft to the council of the league ofnations, because the Saar basin isfor fifteen years to be directly un¬der the care and direction of theleague of nations.Eighteen. Article 83 does in ef¬
fect provide that five of the mem¬bers of the commission of seven tofix the boundaries between Polandand Czecho-Slovakia should benominated by certain countries, be¬cause there are Ave principal alliedand asaociated powers, and thenomination of five representativesby those powers necessarily meansthe nomination of one representa¬tive by each of those powers. .
Nineteen. No such commissionhas yet been appointed.Twenty. It was deemed wise
that the United States should havea representative on the commissionset up to exercise authority overthe plebiscite of Upper Slleala. forthe same reason that I have givenwith regard to the commission forsetting the frontier line of Bel¬gium and Germany.
Sincerely yours,WOODROW WILSON.
DOYLE AND MORGAN LOSEIN SOUTHAMPTON TENNISSOUTHAMPTON. Long Island. .Au¬
gust 21. C. B. Doyle and Dudley Mor¬gan of Washington were put ^out ofthe tennis singles of the MeadowClub tourney here t«day.Davis defeated Doyle in the fourthround. 6 3, 6.0. Leonard Beekmaneliminated Morgan in the third round,6.1. 6.V Morgan got a default fromGerald Patterson in the second round,the latter and Norman Brookes bothdeciding not to play. Itfle E. Mathanput out Randolph Lycett, 6-^4, «.
"Rejoice with them that do rejoice,And weep with them that weep."
MMRBNBTD. C. Citizens and U. £. Of¬
ficials Will Co-Operate.Pershing to Be Here.
Wheels began to turn in the Na¬tional Capital today to make the tri¬
umphal parade of the famous 1st Di¬vision of regulars here, about Septem¬ber 1«. the greatest tiling of <ts kind
iin. tilt history of tfa* satLou, «*e*od-1
Ing, in some features, even the grand re¬
view of IMS.Citizens of Washington and officials
and officers of the War Departmentwill co-operate in planning the greatgreeting which the city aims to givethe 1st Division, which will arrive inNew York about August 27. RobertN. Harper, chairman of the citisens'welcome committee, today called a
i meeting of the committee for 4 o'clocktomorrow afternoon, when plans will
j be considered.
Probably Will Be Holiday.With prospects that the day will be
made a holiday, and that Gen. John J.Pershing, commander of the Americanexpeditionary froces. either will leador review the parade, the city came
> to the realization today that here isthe great opportunity for the peoplehere, representative of the nation, topay tribute not only to the men of the1st Division, but. through them, to theentire American expeditionary forcewhich fought and bled on the fields ofFj^nce for the glory of America andthe world.Plans for an unusual feature for the
parade. In tribute to the division, willbe made at the meeting of the wel¬come committee tomorrow afternoon,
j Chairman Harper said. Other mem-! bers of the committee are Walter A.Brown. Board of Trade: W. B. West-
| lake. Federation of Citizens' Assocla- jlions; A. J*. Sinclair. Chamber of Com- |
j merce; Dr. E. W. Wiseman. Federationof Colored Citizens' Associations:
! John Joy Kdson. representing the draftboards, and Joseph Berberlch. theMerchants and Manufacturers' Asso-ciatlon.
I The parade here, following a paradeof the 1st Division at New York, prob¬ably will be advertised throughoutthe nation as the "national welcomehome." Scores of features will beworked up to add to the general at¬tractiveness of the day. Pennsylvaniaavenue will be made bright with flagsand bunting, beyond all previous ef-forts, to welcome the parading divi¬sion. which will march in full equip¬ment. with all its combat and fieldtrains.
Contains More Than 28,000.I In columns of fours, the 1st Divi-siou which comprises more than 28,000officers and men. stretched twenty-nine and a half miles, with its com- ,
bat and field trains, which include '
the ration and ammunition carts, jmachine guns, artillery corps, rollingkitchens, sanitary, supply and am¬munition trains and the motor cycleunits.This big "fighting engine," as War
Department officials call it, will notbe marched in a nearly thirty-mileline through Washington, however.According to Col. W. S. Grant, mem¬ber of the operations division, gen¬eral staff, of which Gen. Jervey ischief, the parade here will be in mass i
formation.CoL Grant, who is in charge of i
War Department arrangements for <
the parade of the division here, s<lld Itoday that the division will be somarched that Its total length of linewill be in the neighborhood of tenmiles. Cut to this length, the divi¬sion will take about Ave hours topass a given point, he said.
In passing^ the people of Washing¬ton will be given a unique oppor¬tunity, never given before in the his¬tory of the United States. It is be¬lieved, to witness a full Army divisionin war-time equipment. Certainly, Itis pointed out, never before has amodern division marched here, with .
Its wonderful equipment of twentieth /
century guns and war Inventions,trench hats, motor cycles, etc. '
Flan to Placard Wagons.Plans are being worked out at the
War Department whereby everywagon in the-great equipment trainsof the division will be placarded, s<?that spectators will be able to tellJust what is what as the parade goesby. Col. Grant hopes to be able towork out this feature, knowing thatto stand and watch marching men forfive hours is no easy task, even forregular Army men, and that the in¬terest of the citizens along th< routeof march will be wonderfully sus-
(Continued on Second Page.)
POLAND MUST GIVE JEWSEQUALITY, SAYS PILSUDSKI
President of Government Declares Only Wayto Solve Problem Is to Grant Religious Free-
dom, as Other Civilized Countries Do.BY ANTHONY CZARXECKL.
By Cable to The Star and ChicagoDally »m, Copyright, 1*19.
VILNA, Poland, August 15 (by cou¬rier to Warsaw and Paris, August 19.).Gen. Pilsudski, president of thePolish government, while on his wayto take charge o-f the Polish offensive,against the Russian bolshevik) stop¬ped here and in an interview told me
ast&rss!lie utterance regarding the Jewishproblem.'Thy« ia a Jewish questioa," he
said, arid Poland cannot solve it toany other way than that In which ithas been solved in civilised countriesthroughout the world, namely, by giv¬ing the Jews equal rights with theChristians. In the very first step o-fher political life Poland went thesame way and did not make any dis¬tinctions on account of religiousfaith or race. The Jew here has thesame rights as a Christian. I cannotunderstand why those pretending tobe interested in solving the JewishquMtton in Poland suppose that themanner of its solution in other civil¬ized countries will not succeed in Po¬land. All that is needed is to get thepeople accustomed to live as freemenand not as slaves.
No Pogroms, He Says."It was not fair to present the de¬
mands of the Jews to the allies atthe peace conference on the plea ofsolvirvg the problem without first giv¬ing the Polish government an oppor¬tunity to consider the suggestions of¬fered. Deliberate falsehoods werecirculated about pogroms in Polandduring the struggle to drive out thebolsheviki. These were heraldedthroughout the world to injure Polandat a critical time in the peace con¬ference negotiations. It happens thatthe very period under investiga¬tion by the American commission,headed by "former Ambassador Mor-genthau and Gen. Jadwin. was when Iwas here myself. There were nopogroms and the claim that therewere was made deliberately for ul¬terior purposes and designed to injurePoland.
"Vilna was first taken on April 19by a small squadron of cavalry unex¬pectedly entering the city. All thebolshevist soldiery in the city were
Disorders at Seaport Near DanzigFollow Quarrel at Dance.U. S.Men From Destroyer Hale.
COPENHAGEN, August 21..Col¬lisions between German and Americansailors on Tuesday at Neufahrwasserresulted in the wounding of severalcivilians and one German seaman,according to Danzig dispatches re¬ceived here today. Neufahrwasser isa seaport four miles jiorth of Danzig.The disorders grew out of a quarrel
in a dance hall Monday night, ac¬cording to these dispatches. Ameri¬cans involved in the disturbance,which continued in the streets afterthe sailors left the dance hall, re¬turned to their ship, the destroyerHale.On Tuesday seamen on leave from
the German cruiser Frankfort cameto blows with American sailors and.it is said, civilians also attacked theAmericans.The Americans, supported by French
seamen from the destroyer Claymore,charged the crowds. Shots are saidto have been fired from the Claymore,wounding four Germans slightly.
Frontier guards dispersed thecrowds and the Americans and theFrench returned to their ships.
ARMY BLANKETS SALEORDERED DISCONTINUEDWar Department distribution cen¬
ters, throurh which surplus war ma¬
terials arq sold, were instructed todayto discontinue the sale of Armyblankets. It was explained that thedistribution was jiot as wide as hadbeen hoped for and that to give allan equal opportunity to purchase theblankets a new distribution systemwould be worked out.
/
i either captured.or took flight. Forthree days the battle continued, thestreets having the character of civilstrife between the friends and foesof the boisheviki. Jews were amongthe active participants. On the thirdday more of our troops arrived anddrove the boisheviki out of the city.The strain on the soldiers created bythe situation was felt on all sides andaffected the morale yf the people. Itwas necessary for me to act to bringorder out of chaos, and hence mycommand to the civllhuj pop-ulatien. Considering' the slae of thecity, witfe it* earrow winding streetsin which the lighting went on forthree days, it was almost miraculousthat It all ended with such a smallnumberof victims, only a few soldiersand civilians being killed."No one who knows my life's work
will charge me with treating the Jewsdifferently from the Christians. Inview of the fact that there were noexcesses against any one during thefight, how are the false reports spreadin the United States to be explainedand their damage to the good name ofPoland to be repaired? According topress reports, men who aspired to thepresidency of your country attackedPoland. These false rumors of po¬groms are stabs in the dark at theheart of Poland and do not help tosolve the Jewish problem. The ma¬jority of the places mentioned in thereport happened to be in the war zoneor within a short distance of whereour men were shedding their blood tocheck the onslaught of the boishevikion both Jews and gentiles. Theseplaces need help.
Epidemics Spreading-."Epidemics are spreading and dis¬
eases continue to rage. The landswhich yielded the harvests fromwhich the people were fed are nowbarren wastes, as the result of Ger¬man military devastation and bolshe-vist rule. In many places the peoplecontinue to live in trenches. Clothingand food problems are looming up be¬fore these first victims of the Germanmilitary requisition and later of bol-shevist oppression, if the money de¬voted to spreading false reports aboutPoland were utilized to stir the worldinto a realization of what odds thePolish nation has to meet in trying tomaintain its freedom, it would domuch to help solves the Jewish andother problems."
tTlTTONIMAYCOMEHERE iIN REGARD TO FMME
Said to Have Agreed With Franceon Plan,- Bnt Britain and
U. S. Must Approve.iBY PAUL SCOTT MOWRER.
By Cable to The Star and ChleageDaily Jiewi, Copyright. 1919.[ PARIS, August 20..I have reasonto believe that Foreign Minister Tit-toni of Italy has reached a definite !agreement with the French delegatesregarding Flume. It is supposed thatthe terms of this agreement, as I jpointed out-in a recent cable, providefor the internationalization of Flume,while Italy obtains a mandatory overZara and several Dalmatian islands.II am Informed . that Tittoni will seePremier Lloyd George within a fewdays with a view to obtaining the Brit¬ish acceptance of this plan, which, itis expected, will not be difficult.Then it will remain for Italy to ob¬tain President Wilson's consent. Si-gnor Tlttonl evidently believes that itwas a Franco-British suggestion whichled President "Wilson to make his orig-inal Flume declaration, and that it )will be sufficient to make terms with !France and Britain to obtain the jPresident's consent. But if difficultiesshould again be raised by the Ameri- |can delegates it is possible that SignorTittoni might go personally to Wash- (ington to confer directly with Presi-dent Wilson. He is said to find it dif¬ficult to negotiate with the Americandelegates here, because they are un¬able to give immediate answers andare obliged to keep cabling to Wash¬ington for instructions about every¬thing.
Denial of Plan to Pay Ex-Kaiser.BERLIN, August SO (By the Asso¬
ciated Press)..The Zeitung Am Mit- jtag says thtf finance ministry has <given denial to Die Freiheit's report]regarding a bill providing for 170.- (000,000 marks for the former emperor.
Ambassador Here ReceivesInstructions From His
Government.
WILL ASK WITHDRAWALOF BANDIT PURSUERS
Capt. Matlack. Cavalry Officer, IsCredited With Capture of
Two of Fugitives.The Mexican ambassador here has
been instructed by his government toprotest to the State Departmentagainst the dispatch of Americantroops across the border and to re¬
quest their withdrawal, according toa statement issued at Mexico Cityyesterday.The statement received here today
said:"Two aviators of the Army of the
United States, through error, so theystate, flew over our territory, landingapproximately 112 kilometers to thesouth of the frontier, where they were
captured by a band of twenty bandits.They have now been liberated.
Instructions Given."Some troops of the 8th Cavalry of
the United States crossed the frontierin pursuit of the outlaws. The depart¬ment of foreign relations gave instruc¬tions at once to our embassy in Wash¬ington to make appropriate representa¬tions, protesting and requesting the im¬mediate withdrawal of the invadingtroops."
It was said at the State Departmenttoday that no protest had been madeby Ambassador Bonillas.
One Bandit Killed; Two Held.MARFA. Tex.. August 21 (by the As¬
sociated Press)..One bandit was be¬lieved to have been killed and twoothers made prisoners since Americantroops crossed the Rio Grande intoMexico Tuesday morning.A report received here told of an
American cavalry sergeant who rodeto the border after dark and reportedthat Capt. Leonard Matlack of the SthCavalry had captured two bandits, be¬lieved to have been implicated in thecapture of the aviators Peterson andDavis.Neither man was Renter!*, the ban¬
dit'leader, he said. JOne Mexican waskilled Tuesday when American avi¬ators returned their lire as they sawthree bandits near the border, one ofwhom was seen to fall with his horse.The American troop* slept last night
on the trails, of (he bandits after ios-ins thefti Tuesday in torrential rains,
I picking up the trails again yesterday.| Gen. Pruneda, with approximately250 Carranza cavalry troops, campedfor the night near Cuchillo Parado,forty miles up the Conchos river fromthe base at Ojinaga. They left Ojina-ga last night to take the Held in pur¬suit *of the bandits.American pack trains and other
units crossed and recrossed the pathof the Carranza troops without fric¬tion, according to reports from thefield.
Attempting Same Object.Mexican Consul Cosme Bengocha, at
Presido, Tei., announced that the Pru¬neda troops were attempting the sameobject as the American troops.to rundown and capture the bandits. He saidhe anticipated no trouble between thetwo bodies of troops in the field. Healso denied Chico Cano, the banditleader in Ojinaga district, was madecaptain of the Carranza column sta¬tioned at San Jose., opposite Indio,lex., on the Rio Grande.
Maj. Gen. Joseph T. Dickman. com¬mander of the Southern Department,was expected here today to inspectthe troops in the Big Bend district.It is not known whether Gen. Dick-rpan will go to the Rio Grande whilehe is here.
TJ. S. Aviators Assist Mexicans.American aviators arc assisting
Carranza officials in keeping in touchwith the forces of Gen. Pruneda. whichare engaged in the pursuit of ban¬dits along the Conchos river. Ameri¬can aviators carried messages fromMexican Consul Cosme Bengochie. atPresidio, Tex., to Gen. Pruneda.Two American aviators. Lieut. T.
W. Hastey and Lieut. H. A. Johnson,had a narrow escape from death whileon scout duty in Mexico yesterday.The turtleback of the fuselage ontheir airplane blew out and the ma-child almost went into a tail spinbefore they could right it 150 feetabove the mountains.
Rebels Gain Power.EL PASO. Tex.. August 21..Rebels
under Cordiano Guzman are mastersof life and property in parts of thestate of Michoacan, according to Ex-celsior, a Mexico City newspaper,dated August 13.Federal forces, it is said, have made"
no effort to pursue the rebel chieftan.!who is reported particularly strong Inthe extensive district of Arteaga.Commerce and agriculture are demor¬alized as a result of Guzman's depre-dations. the article says.Guzman is a native of the Arteaga
district and on the "few occasions"when pursuit has been attempted hehas been able to escape,' it is reported.
Tanks and Bifles Shipped.COLUMBUS, August «1>..Sixty-two
more tanks recently were shippedfrom the Army reserve depot here toforts on or near the Mexican borderIt has been learned. . During the laatweek 100 of the one-man whippet- !type fighting machines were shippedto the border. Three thousand riflesalso have been shipped to border |points w$tbin the last few days. Armyofficers at the depot refuse to com¬ment on the significance of the ship-ments.
HMmrniEDUNDERMM. LAW
..
COPENHAGEN, August 21..Martiallaw has been proclaimed throughoutHungary, says a Budapest dispatchdated Wednesday.
Italian Troops on Way.PARIS. August 20..Italian troops
are on their way into Hungary, ac¬cording to reports received here to¬day. No details of the movement were¦riven. -
i
House Committee Acts Fa¬vorably on Prison and $5,-
OOO Fine Penalties.
APPLICATION EXTENDEDTO CLOTHING, FUEL, FEED
War Department Civilian Em¬ployes Meet Tomorrow to Plan
Co-Operative Store.
Amendments to the food control actImposing a $3,000 fine and imprison¬ment of two years for profiteeringwere ordered favorably reported to¬day by the House agriculture commit¬tee.The legislation was proposed by
Attorney General Palmer and extendsthe terms of the act to include <<mongthe list of necessities "wearing ap-parel, containers of food, feed or fer-
I tilizers. fuei oil and natural gas.
Will Plan Co-Operative Store.Civilian employes of the War l»e-
partment will have a meeting in theauditorium of the Interior Depart¬ment building tomorrow afternoon at5 o'clock to arrange for a co-operativestore in the War Department, as ameans of combating the high cost ofliving. The movement is under thedirection of Joseph W. Ross, directorof welfare service. He will preside attomorrow's meeting and explain what
i it is proposed to do. A committee hasprepared a constitution and by-lawsand will submit its report for adop¬tion.Co-operative stores have been estab-
I lished by employes of the Post OfficeDepartment and the Interstate Com-merce Commission and have met withgreat success. Those behind themovement in the War Departmenthope to have their store establishedin about thirty days, and with itsoperation to reduce the cost of living! to its members from 13 to S3 per cent.It Is planned to carry troceries. etc..and probably clothing, shoes, tnd cer¬tain toilet articles. A11 War Depart¬ment employes interested in the costof living are invited to attend to¬morrow's meeting.
Indorses Basket Plan.Commissioner Brownlow today in-
| dorsed the "back-to-the-basket" movt-ment of Washington housewives, tn-
! aurnrmt*d toy parsons interested incutting down the high cost of living,
i "I am sure that those who journeyto the markets will save money." de¬clared Mr. Brownlow. "And ft Is va
! be noted that the system of dealingdirectly between the producer and con -
sumer eliminates many money-eatinjctransactions. The movement is praisei-worthv. I am heartily in favor of it."At the farmers' market Saturda \-
morning. Commissioner Brownlow'isexpected to be present with Supt.
, George M. Roberts of the departmentof weights and measure*;. Sup;. .
, Roberts will conduct housewivesaround the chain of stands, introduc¬ing producers to consumers.A practical demonstration of the
| basket movement was given by the '
' Southeast Community Center, at theTyler School building, 11th and Gstreets southeast, yesterday, when afarmer with a wagonload of potatoes,apples, tomatoes and other producesold out within two hours. More than230 consumers fllled their baskets.
Senator Would Know Incomes.Senator Walsh of Massachusetts in¬
troduced in the Senate today a resolu¬tion requesting the President toauthorise a special committee of theSenate, proposing to investigats thehigh cost of living, to have access tothe income tax returns of all corpora¬tions, Arms and partnerships engagedin the large-scale distribution of foodor having contracts with the govern-'ment for the furnishing of militaryor other supplies.The committee, by the terms of the
resolution, would be authorized to an¬nex to its report a list of all personsemployed since April 6. 1917, eitherunder a regular salary or "one-doliar-a-year" basis, to whom governmentcontracts were issued, either as indi¬viduals or as stockholders in corpora¬tions receiving contracts, and whatwere the profits of the individuals orfirms.The preamble to the Walsh resolu¬
tion states that there is demand toknow the names of persons or cor¬porations that have engaged in prof¬iteering during the time every familywas undergoing sacrifices and thou¬sands of American soldiers were giv¬ing their all to their country.The resolution was ordered to lie
over under the rule to come up forconsideration hereafter. Several reso¬lutions are pending In the Senate forthe appointment of a special commit¬tee to investigate general profiteering.
BANDITS LOOT MAIL CARAND TURN ENGINE WILD
s
Tennessee Posse in Pursuit of theBobbers, Who ICade No At¬
tack on Express Car.
By the A»*oci»ted Pre".NASHVILLE. Tenn., August *1 .
Masked bandits held up Loulsvillspassenger train No. 7, Cincinnati to
Montgomery, this morning at 2o'clock, between Columbia and Pu¬laski. and carried off the mailpouches.The four bandits are supposed to
have boarded the train at ColumbiaWhile the train was under way theyappeared and forced the engineer tocut loose the coaches and pull off withthe mall car. Holding the crew cov¬ered, they took possession of the mailbags and then sent the engine run¬
ning wild toward Pulaski. The loco¬motive ran down at Wales. The ex¬press car was not touched. What th.-bandits secured is not known. Officersof several counties are seeking thebandits.
Biology Department Organized.RICHMOND, Vs., August 21..Presi¬
dent J. A. C. Chandler of William andMary College has announced the ap¬pointment of Donald Walton Davis,doctor of philosophy at Harvard, tothe head of the department of biology,the organisation of which has justKmo completed by Dr. Chandls^.
