Ten Skyscrapers

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Top Ten NYC Architecturetop twenty

skyscrapers

1World TradeCenter

architect Minoru Yamasaki

locationChurch to West Streets,Liberty to Vesey Streets

date1966-70 (Destroyed2001).

style International Style II

construction

type Office Building

2Empire StateBuilding

architectShreve, Lamb &Harmon, William F.Lamb as chief designer

location350 Fifth Ave., bet. W33and W34

date 1930-1931

style Art Deco

Steel frame 102 floors,1252 feet, 381 metershigh. Effective use ofsetbacks to emphasize

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Página 1 de 19Top Ten New York Architecture- Skyscrapers

19/03/2009http://www.nyc-architecture.com/TEN/TEN-SKYSCRAPERS.htm



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The Empire State Building is a 102-story ArtDeco skyscraper in New York City, New York

at the intersection of Fifth Avenue and West34th Street. Its name is derived from thenickname for the state of New York. It stoodas the world's tallest building for more thanforty years, from its completion in 1931 untilconstruction of the World Trade Center'sNorth Tower was completed in 1972.Following the destruction of the World TradeCenter in 2001, the Empire State Buildingbecame for the second time, the tallestbuilding in New York City.

The Empire State Building has been named bythe American Society of Civil Engineers asone of the Seven Wonders of the Modern

World. The building and its street floor interiorare designated landmarks of the New YorkCity Landmarks Preservation Commission,and confirmed by the New York City Board ofEstimate. It was designated as a NationalHistoric Landmark in 1986. In 2007, it wasranked number one on the List of America'sFavorite Architecture according to the AIA.The building is owned by Harold Helmsley'scompany and managed by itsmanagement/leasing division Helmsley-Spear.

construction

tower.The building is clad in Indianalimestone and granite, withthe mullions lined in shinyaluminium. There are in all6,500 windows, withspandrels sandblasted toblend their tone to that of the

windows, visually creating thevertical striping on thefacade. The windows andspandrels are also flush withthe limestone facing, anaesthetic and economicdecision.


Click here for an Empire

State Building gallery

3 Chrysler Building architect William Van Alen

location405 Lexington Avenue at

42nd Street

date 1928-1930

style Art Deco

77 floors, 319.5m (1048feet) high, 29961 tons of





construction

steel, 3,826,000 bricks,near 5000 windows.Cost: $ 20,000,000The building is clad in whitebrick and dark gray brickworkis used as horizontaldecoration to enhance thewindow rows. The eccentriccrescent-shaped steps of thespire (spire scaffolding) weremade of stainless steel (orrather, similar nirostachrome-nickel steel) as astylized sunburst motif, andunderneath it steel gargoyles,depicting American eagles(image), stare over the city.Sculptures modeled afterChrysler automobile radiatorcaps (image) decorate thelower setbacks, along withornaments of car wheels.

The three storeys high,upwards tapering entrancelobby has a triangular form,with entrances from threesides, Lexington Avenue,42nd and 43rd Streets. Thelobby is lavishly decoratedwith Red Moroccan marblewalls, sienna-coloured floorand onyx, blue marble andsteel in Art Decocompositions. The ceilingmurals, painted by Edward

Trumbull, praise the modern-day technical progress -- andof course the building itselfand its builders at work. Thelobby was refurbished in 1978by JCS Design Assocs. andJoseph Pell Lombardi.


Click here for Chrysler

Building gallery

4 Rockefeller Center architect Associated Architects

location

30 Rockefeller Plaza,bet W50 and W51.

West 48th to 51st

Streets between 5th and

6th Avenues

date 1931-1933

style Art Deco





Rockefeller Center is a complex of 19commercial buildings covering 22 acresbetween 48th and 51st Streets in New YorkCity. Built by the Rockefeller family, it islocated in the center of Midtown Manhattan,spanning between Fif th Avenue and SeventhAvenue. It was declared a National HistoricLandmark in 1987. It is the largest privatelyheld complex of its kind in the world, and aninternational symbol of modernist architecturalstyle blended with capitalism.

The GE Building is an Art Deco skyscraperthat forms the centerpiece of the RockefellerCenter in Midtown Manhattan. Known as the

RCA Building until 1988, it is famous forhousing the headquarters of the televisionnetwork NBC. At 850 feet (259 meters) tall,the 70-story building is the 8th tallest buildingin New York City and the 32nd tallest in theUnited States. The building is sometimesreferred to as 30 Rock, a reference to itsaddress at 30 Rockefeller Plaza.

constructionSteel frame withlimestone cladding


see also GE Building,originally RCA Building

5WoolworthBuilding

architect Cass Gilbert

location 233 Broadway

date 1911-1913

style Neo-Gothic, Art Deco

construction

Height: 792 feet, 241metersRising from a 27-storey base,with limestone and granitelower floors, the tower is clad

in white terra-cotta andcapped with an elaborate set-back Gothic top, with thespire rising to the height of241.5 m. It was to be thetallest building in the world for17 years, until the completionof the 40 Wall Street.






6United NationsHeadquarters

architect

United Nations Board ofDesign, headed byWallace K. Harrison,overall composition byLe Corbusier

location

United Nations Plaza

(First Avenue bet. 42nd

and 48th Streets)

date 1947-53


constructionNew York's earliestglass curtain wall, 38stories or 544 feet tall






7 Seagram Building

architect

Ludwig Mies van derRohe, Philip Johnson (interiors) and Kahn &Jacobs

location 375 Park Ave. (at 53rdStreet)

date 1958


construction

The plan of the building isbased on a 8.50 m grid,pursued to unprecedentedMiesian accuracy. Theelevator core is placed to theback of the building, formingthe protruding, windowlessback wall of the tower.Set on bronze-clad pillars, the

38-storey facade consists ofalternating bands of bronzeplating and "whisky brown"-tinted glass (the material andcolour choices were a resultof Bronfman's insistance ofhaving a warmer-tonedfacade than in the LakeShore Drive Apts). Thebuilding was, notably, the firstwith floor-to-ceiling windows,making the wall a true curtainof glass, as foreseen by thevisionaries of ModernMovement, like Mies himself.

Between the windows, thereare vertical decorative bronzeI-profiled beams attached tothe mullions to emphasize thevertical rise of the facade.Van der Rohe personallystated that this was his onlybuilding in the United Stateswhich met exactly his

European standards.


8 Lever House

architect

Skidmore, Owings &Merrill LLP, GordonBunshaft as chiefdesigner

location 390 Park Ave. (at 53rdStreet)

date 1948-52






construction

This 24-storey buildingreplaced the heavy (andheavy-looking as well)masonry walls of thecontemporary skyscraperswith mere green-tinted glasscurtains and stainless steel

sheathing. Although thebuilding was also criticized forits appearance amidst the oldmasonry apartment houses, itwas nevertheless usuallytaken with enthusiasm as apioneer of the new style.The top of the low horizontalbase also functions as anoutside "elevated" plaza,accessible from theemployee cafeteria at thebase of the tower.The vertical main mass of the

building raises on columnsfrom the base and ispositioned at right angles toPark Avenue, with the widerportion of the tower slabfacing south. The tower is setback 30 m from the southbuilding line and 13 m fromthe north, giving the officepremises an unprecedentedamount of light and air. It wasalso the first fully climate-controlled, fixed-windowedoffice building in NYC. Thetop three floors,distinguishable on the facade,house technical installations

and machinery.


9McGraw-HillBuilding

architectRaymond Hood withGodley & Fouilhoux

location330 W42, Bet. Eighthand Ninth Aves.

date 1930-1931

styleArt Deco StreamlineModerne InternationalStyle I

The entrance sports dynamicArt Deco decor, whereas the35-storey facade itself is





construction

non-ornamented, with glazedtiling (blue-green colouredterra-cotta brick that gradesin hue as the building rises)between horizontal stripes oflarge, green metal-framedwindows, giving anunprecedented amount of

light. The more decorative topof the building, with the nameof the company displayed inlarge Art Deco letters, isagain less strict.The use of horizontal bandsof windows -- and disposingof the traditional masonrywalls in favour of totally usingthe advantages of steel frame-- was dictated by the need tosecure as much natural lightas possible. The form of thebuilding also follows theusage of its interior, with the

lower floors housing thecompany's printing plant, withoffice floors occupying thetower above and executivefloors at the top.The lobby of the building isdecorated with opaqueCarrera glass and stainlesssteel.


10TRUMPBUILDING

architect

H. Craig Severance &Yasuo Matsui, Shreve &LambEngineers: StarrettBros. & EkenClients/Developers:Bankof Manhattan TrustCompany

location40 Wall Street betweenWilliam and BroadStreets

date 1930

style Art Deco

construction

281,8m / 927.0ft.120.141sq. m. / 1,300,000sq. ft.72 floorssteel structure





limestone


11THE BUSHTOWER

architect Helmle & Corbett

location 130 W 42nd St

date 1916-1918

style Art Deco Gothic

construction

The building site is only 15 mwide and 27.5 m deep, andthe architects remarked thatthey wanted to make thebuilding "a model for the tall,narrow building in the centerof a city block." And it wasregarded as such for the nextdecade of feverish urbanconstruction.The style of the buildingfollows the "traditional" earlyskyscraper style with itsGothic appearance -- English

this time. On the sidefacaces, trompe l'oeilbrickwork creates vertical"ribs" with a fake "shade"pattern to enhance theverticality. The windows areconcentrated to the north andsouth facades, as well as to arecessed mid-facade light-well on the east facade.






THE NARROW 32-story Bush Tower was thefirst skyscraper built after the Zoning Code of1916, but it had been designed before thecode went into effect. Nonetheless, HarveyWiley Corbett accurately foresaw howarchitects would respond to the new setbackenvelope presented by the code.

12AmericanInternational

Building

architectClinton & Russell andHolton & George

location 70 Pine St.

date 1930-1932

style Art Deco

constructionHeight: 952 ft (290 m),66 floors






13Hearst MagazineBuilding

architectJoseph Urban, tower SirNorman Foster

location951-969 Eighth Ave atW47.

date 1928, tower 2004.

styleArt Moderne, tower LateModern

construction stone


14Time WarnerCenter

David Childs of





The Time Warner Center is a mixed-useskyscraper developed by The RelatedCompanies in New York City. Its design, byDavid Childs and Mustafa Kemal Abadan ofSkidmore, Owings & Merrill, consists of two229 m (750 ft) towers bridged by a multi-storyatrium containing upscale retail shops.Construction began in November 2000,following the demolition of the New York

Coliseum, and a topping-out ceremony washeld on February 27, 2003. It is the propertywith the highest-listed market value in NewYork City, $1.1 billion in 2006. Originallyconstructed as the "AOL Time WarnerCenter," the building surrounds half ofColumbus Circle in Midtown Manhattan. Thetotal floor area of 260,000 m² (2.8 million ft²)is divided between offices (notably the officesof Time Warner Inc.), residentialcondominiums, and the Mandarin Orientalhotel. The Shops at Columbus Circle is anupscale shopping mall located in a curvingarcade at the base of the building, with a largeWhole Foods Market grocery store in thebasement. The complex is also home to a1,200 seat theater for Jazz at Lincoln Centeras well as CNN studios, from where AndersonCooper 360°and Lou Dobbs Tonight, amongother shows, are broadcast live. CNN'sJeanne Moos, known for her offbeat "man onthe street" reporting, frequently accosts herinterview subjects just outside the building. In2005, Jazz at Lincoln Center announced apartnership with XM Satellite Radio whichgave XM studio space at Frederick P. RoseHall to broadcast both daily jazz programmingand special events such as an AartistConfidential show featuring Carlos Santana.

architectSkidmore, Owings &Merrill LLP

location 10 Columbus Circle

date 2003

styleLate Modern(International Style III)

construction Height: 750 ft (229 m)Floors over ground: 55


15 Chanin Building

architect

Sloan & Robertson (René Chambellan andJacques L. Delamarrefor the lobby and theornementation)

122 East 42nd





The Chanin Building is a skyscraper located at122 East 42nd Street in New York City. Builtby Irwin S. Chanin in 1929, it is 56 storieshigh, reaching 197.8 metres excluding thespire (207.3 metres/680 feet including spire).It was designed by Sloan & Robertson in theArt Deco style, [1] and incorporatesarchitectural sculpture by Rene PaulChambellan. When originally completed, the50th floor had a silver-and-black high-browmovie theater. This floor and the 51st are nowoffices joined by a stairwell instead. Initially adominant landmark in the midtown skyline, thebuilding had an open air observatory on the54th floor. [2] Having been surpassed inheight by a number of buildings, most notably,the Chrysler Building located across thestreet, the observatory has been long closed.

locationStreet (southwestcorner of LexingtonAvenue)

date 1927-1929

style Art Deco

construction

Steel frame. 56 floors, 207m

(680 feet) high. Cost:$14,000,000The steel frame is clad in buffbrick and terra cotta and it isset back in conformance withthe 1916 Zoning Law. Thefacade illustrates theintroduction of colored glass,stone and metal on theexterior of tall buildings.Materials such as bronze,Belgian marble and terra-cotta are used here in aninventive and exuberant way.


16 One Wall Street

architect Voorhees, Gmelin &Walker

locationOne Wall Street, atBroadway

date 1931

style Art Deco

construction limestone

type Bank





In contrast to the American Surety Building,where height is minimized by the subdivision ofits facade, the design of the Irving Trustbuilding has an insistent verticality whichemphasizes its tall form. This set backskyscraper is modeled as if it was chiselledout of a single piece of stone and it is a goodexample of the Art Deco style popular in theU.S. in the 1920s and 1930s. The building'spointed windows echo the Gothic details ofTrinity Church across the street, and its ArtDeco interior is one of the finest in New YorkCity.

17

Majestic

Apartments

architect

Jacques DelamarreLike the Century Apartments,the Majestic was developedby Irwin S. Chanin (who wasalso behind the ChaninBuilding in Midtown).

location 115 Central Park West

date 1930-1931

style Art Deco

construction

The base is of limestone, with

the upper facade clad in lightbrown brick. The designerfrom Chanin's namesakebuilding, René Chambellan,designed the patternedbrickwork of the facade. Themain mass below thesetbacks and towers hascolumnless corners whichform glazed solariums withinthe corner apartments.The wall on the slightly





protruding tower facadesextends as piers to the top toform riblike protrusions. Onthe west side, the wings of thetower have similar, albeitcurved, tops of true Art Deconature.

type Apartment Building

18AmericanStandard(Radiator) Building

architectRaymond Hood & AndréFouilhoux

location

40 West 40th Street(between 5th and 6thAvenues, south ofBryant Park)

date 1923-1924

style Art Deco, neo-gothic

construction

Steel frame, 23 stories,102.7 m (337 feet) highThe black brickwork on thefacade was chosen to lessenthe visual contrast between

the walls and the windows andthus give the tower an effectof solidity and massiveness.The Gothic-style pinnaclesand the terra-cotta friezes onthe edges of the setbacks arecoated with gold.The base is clad in bronzeplating and black granite.There are carved allegories,symbolizing thetransformation of matter into





energy, quite appropriate fora heater company. Theentrance lobby is decoratedwith black marble andmirrors.


19 General ElectricBuilding

The General Electric Building is a historic 50-floor skyscraper in Midtown New York City,United States, at 570 Lexington Avenue(southwest corner of Lexington and 51stStreet). Originally known as the "RCA VictorBuilding" when designed by Cross and Crossin 1931, and sometimes known by its addressto avoid confusion with the later GE Building at30 Rockefeller Center.

architect Cross & Cross

location570 Lexington Avenue at

51st St.

date 1929-1931

style Art Deco

construction

194,6m / 640.0ft, 50

floors salmon brick,terra-cottaThe base is of rose-colouredgranite, while the set-backmass above and the towershaft are clad in glazed tanbrick.The undoubtedly most strikingfeature of this 195 m tallbuilding is its, indeed,flamboyant top, a curiousmixture of Gothic spires inlimestone and brickwork withwavy, filigree style decoration

and lightning bolt motifs,depicting the electricity ofradio transmission wavessent by the RadioCorporation of America. Atnight this "crown" of thebuilding is illuminated fromwithin, making the top look likea giant torch.The entrance lobby has avaulted ceiling of aluminiumplating with sunburst motifsand walls of light pink marble.The lamp fixtures are of

aquamarine-colored glass.type Office Building





It backs up to the low Byzantine dome of St.Bartholomew's Church on Park Avenue andshares the same salmon brick color. But fromLexington, the building is an insistently tall 50-floor stylized Gothic tower with its own identity,a classic Art Deco visual statement ofsuggested power through simplification. Thebase contains elaborate, generous masonry,architectural figural sculpture, and at on thecorner above the main entrance, aconspicuous corner clock with the curvy GElogo and a pair of silver disembodiedforearms. The crown of the building is adynamic-looking burst of Gothic tracery, whichis supposed to represent radio waves, and islit from within at night.

20885 Third Ave Lipstick Building

The Lipstick Building is Johnson's secondpostmodern contribution to the Manhattanskyline, following his nearby AT&T Building twoyears earlier. This time the unusual shape,which has given the building its nickname, wasa requirement of the developer, to make thebuilding stand out and compensate for the lessfashionable location of Third Avenue. Theelliptical shape also claims to make all theexterior offices "corner" offices.

architect Philip Johnson & JohnBurgee

location

885 Third Ave., between

East 53rd and East 54th Streets

date 1986

style Post-Modernism

construction

The 143 m tall buildingconsists of four oval-shapedcylinders placed above eachother, each smaller indiameter than the one below,creating the building a set-back appearance. On the 36-storey facade, red granitespandrels alternate with theshiny steel of horizontalwindow bands.The elliptical lobby has acolonnade of steel-bandedand round pillars along theglassed outer wall line, andthe columns double on theoutside, forming a narrowarcade there.






21 Municipal Building

architectMcKim, Mead & White,William M. Kendall aschief designer

location 1 Centre St.date 1914

style

Roman Imperial,Renaissance Revival Basing the design on theircompetition entry for GrandCentral Station, McKim Meadand White interpreted NewYork City's greatest civicskyscraper in an eclecticfashion incorporatingelements from from RomanImperial, Italian Renaissance

and French Renaissancearchitecture. The tripartitefacade organization echoesthat of a classical column. Anarcaded loggia forms atriumphal arch marking theterminal point of ChambersStreet. Above the groundfloor colonnade, sculpturalreliefs emphasize civicvirtues: Progress, Civic Duty,Guidance and ExecutivePower, Civic Pride andPrudence. Emblems ofmunicipal departments adornpanels between the secondfloor windows.

construction

60.070sq. m. / 650,000sq. ft., 169,9m / 559.0ft, 40 floors, light-colored Maine graniteThe design was influenced bythe "City Beautiful" movementof the 1890s which promotedplans for creating publicbuildings in landscaped parks.The mid-part of the 34-storeytripartite facade is a U-

shaped mass of austere light-toned granite over a highcolonnade that forms thebuilding's base and separatesa front yard from thesidewalk. The top facadeforms a colonnade ofCorinthian columns andpilasters.On the top, above the middlesection of the building, thereare three tiered drums on top





of another, flanked by foursmaller pinnacle turrets,symbolizing the four boroughs joined to Manhattan. At theheight of 177 m stands the 6m high statue Civic Fame byAdolph A. Weinman, NewYork City's second largest

statue after the Statue ofLiberty. The statue holds acrown with five turrets,symbolizing New York City'sfive boroughs

type Government

Click here for a MUNICIPAL

BUILDING gallery


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