TEMPEROMANDIBULAR JOINT

Introduction

Synovial joint of the condylar variety.

Formed by head of the condyle and glenoid fossa of the temporal bone

Glynglimoarthroidal joint – sliding hinge joint

The components of tm joint Articular surface Articular disc ligaments

Articular surface

1 Upper articular surface(formed by parts of temporal bone)

articular eminence Anterior part of

mandibular fossa

2. Inferior articular surface formed by the head of the mandible

3.Articular surface is covered by fibrocartilage

Articular disc

Oval fibrous plate

Divides the joint cavity into an upper and a lower compartment

Upper compartment- gliding movement

Lower compartment- rotatory as well as gliding movements

Periphery is attached to the fibrous capsule

Ligaments

Fibrous capsuleIt is attached above to the articular tubercle, the

cicumference of the mandibular fossa and the squamotympanic fissure

Below to the neck of mandible The capsule is loose above the intra

articular disc and tight below it Synovial membrane lines the fibrous

capsule and the neck of mandible

Lateral (tmj) ligament Reinforces and strengthens the lateral

part of the capsular ligament Fibers directed downwards and backwards Attached above to the articular tubercle Below to the posterolateral aspect of the

neck of the mandible

Sphenomandibular ligament

Acessory ligament ,lies on a deep plan away from the fibrous capsule

Attached superiorly to the spine of the sphenoid

And inferiorly to the lingula of the mandibular foramen

Remant of the dorsal part of meckel’s cartilage

The ligament is related laterally to The lateral pterygoid The auriculotemporal nerve The maxillary artery Inferio alvelar nerves and vesselsRelated medially to The meial pterygoid The chorda tympani nerve The wall of the pharynxPierced by mylohyoid nerves and vessels

near its lower end

Stylomandibular ligament

Accessory ligament of the joint Represents a thickened part of the deep

cervical fascia which separates the parotid and submandibular salivary glands

Attached above to the lateral surface of the styloid process

Below to the angle and posterior border of the ramus of the mandible

Relations of temporomandibular jointLateral

a. skin and fasciaeb. parotid glandc. temporal branches of the facial nerve

Mediala. the tympanic plate separates the joint from the internal carotid arteryb. spine of the sphenoidc. the auriculotemporal and chorda tympani nervesd. midle meningeal artery

Anterior A. lateral pterygoidB. massetric nerves and vessels

Posteriora. the parotid gland separates the joint from the external auditory meatusb. superficial temporal vesselsc. auriculotemporal nerve

Superiora. middle cranial fossab. middle meningeal vessels

Inferiora. maxillary artery and vein

Blood supplyBranches from superficial temporal and maxillary arteries

Nerve supplya. auriculotemporal nerveb. masseteric nerve

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