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Boyz

Application of temperature in the industry

Defiinition and Conversion of Temperature

Measuring Temperature

Absolute Temperature

Zeroth Law

TEMPERATURE

Definition

It is a quantity which indicates how hot or cold the body is. It is

a measure of the thermal

energy per particle of matter or radiation

Property

Temperature is an intensive property, which means it is independent of the amount of material present

For example, a lightening bolt can heat a small portion of the atmosphere hotter than the surface of the sun

Tools

 it is measured by a thermometer, which may be calibrated in any of various temperature scales, Celsius, Fahrenheit, Kelvin, Rankine, etc.

ThermometersThermocouple

Pyrometer

Liquid Crystal Thermometer

Beckman

Deriving the Celsius-to-Fahrenheit Conversion Formula

CONVERSION B/W DIFFERENT TEMPERATURE SCALES

1.Determine change in T from the ice point of the given reading from its scale.

2. Convert answer in step 1 using the conversion factor of the scales.

3. Add or subtract the answer in Step 3 from the ice point of the new scale.

Example 2The ice point and boiling point of ⁰A are -30.0 ⁰A and +60.0 ⁰A respectively. On the

other hand ⁰B has +20.0 ⁰B and +130.0 ⁰B respectively.a). Using the data, determine the number of B degrees on the B scale that corresponds to 1 ⁰A on the A scale.b). If the temperature of a substance reads +40 ⁰A on the a scale, what would the temperature read on the B scale?

Problems

PROBLEM 1

A pan of water is heated from 25C to 80C. What is the change in its temperature on the Kelvin Scale and on the Fahrenheit scale?

A time and temperature sign on a back indicates that the outdoor temperature is -20C. Find the corresponding temperature in the Fahrenheit scale.

PROBLEM 2

During a heating process, the temperature of a system rises by 10C express the rise in temperature in Kelvin and Fahrenheit.

PROBLEM 3

You place a small piece of melting ice in your mouth eventually the water converts from ice at T1=32F to body temperature T2=98.6F. Express these temperatures as Celcius and Kelvin, and find change in T in both cases.

PROBLEM 4

ABSOLUTE ZERO

Definition

Absolute zero is the coldest possible temperature.

It is the temperature at which entropy reaches its minimum value. 

0K  Kelvin

0 R Rankine

−273.15° Celsius 

−459.67° Fahrenheit

Absolute Zero Standards

Scientists have achieved temperatures extremely close to absolute zero, where matter exhibits quantum effects such as superconductivity and superfluidity

ZEROTHLAW

It deals with the concept of thermal equilibrium.

Definition

Two systems are said to be in thermal

equilibrium if there is no net flow of heat

between them when they are brought into

thermal contact.

Then, temperature is the indicator of thermal equilibrium in the sense that there is no net flow of heat between two systems in thermal contact that have the same temperature.

END

References

• -wikipedia.org• College Physics 6th Edition, Cutnell

and Johnson, Wiley Publishing• Thermodynamics 1, Hipolyto Sta.

Maria,