Telecommunikation Satellites: The Actual SituationiPSTAR-1 Shin Satellite Public Co. Ltd. Satmex 6...
Transcript of Telecommunikation Satellites: The Actual SituationiPSTAR-1 Shin Satellite Public Co. Ltd. Satmex 6...
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Telecommunikation Satellites: The Actual Situation
and Potential Future Developments
Dr. Manfred WittigHead of Multimedia Systems SectionD-APP/TSMESTECNL 2200 AG [email protected]
March 2003
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Commercial Satellite Contracts
European Average 5 Satellites/YearUS Average 18 Satellites/Year
0
5
10
15
20
25
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
Europe
US
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Estimation of cumulative value chain for theGlobal commercial market 1998-2007 in BEuro
365
225
135
2735
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
1
Spacecraft Manufacturing
Launch
Operations
Ground Segment
Services
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Consolidated Turnover of European Industry
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Commercial Telecom Satellite Orders
2000 30
2001 25
2002 3 (7)
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Firm Commercial Telecom Satellite Orders in 2002
Manufacturer Customer Satellite
Astrium Hispasat SA Amazonas(Spain)
Boeing Thuraya Satellite Thuraya 3Telecommunications Co(U.A.E.)
Orbital Science PT Telekommunikasi Telkom-2Indonesia
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Hangar Queens or White Tails
Manufacturer Customer Satellite
Alcatel Space New Indian Operator Agrani(India)
Alcatel Space Eutelsat W5(France) (1998 completed)
Astrium Hellas-Sat Hellas SatConsortium Ltd.(Greece-Cyprus)
Orders in 2002 for Bargain Pricesof already contracted Satellites
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Commercial Telecom Satellite Orders in 2003
Manufacturer Customer Satellite
Astrium Telesat Anik F1R4.2.2003 (Canada)
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Planned Commercial Telecom Satellite Orders in 2003
SES GLOBAL Three RFQ’s:SES AmericomASTRA 1LASTRA 1K
cancelled four orders with Alcatel Space in 2001
INTELSAT Launched five satellites in the last 13 monthaverage fleet age: 11 Years of remaining life
PanAmSat No orders expectedConcentration on cash flow generation
Eutelsat HB 7AHB 8 expected at the end of 2003
Telesat Ordered Anik F1R from Astrium
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Planned Commercial Telecom Satellite Orders in 2003
Arabsat & are expected to replace Spacebus 300Shin Satellite (solar-array steering problems)
Korea Telecom Negotiation with Alcatel Space for Koreasat
Binariang Sat. Negotiation with Boeing for BSS 376 and BSS 601System
Satellite Manufacturers are freesing plant expansion and reduce staff to survive
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Commercial Fixed Satellite Service Operators
SES Global No sales figures available before end of MarchStaff reduction in Luxembourg and Princeton300 Staff of SES Astra reduced by 7-10 %SES expects flat sales for 2003RFQ for three new Sat’s issued
Intelsat $ 1.1 billion sales in 2001$ 992 million sales in 2002 = 9.8 % sales decline2003 considered difficult as well
Point-to-point customers migrate to fiber optic cablesModest investment in WildBluePlans broadband offering in 2004
PanAmSat $ 870.1 million sales in 2001$ 812.3 million sales in 2002cancelled one spacecraft order with Boeing
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Commercial Fixed Satellite Service Operators
Eutelsat Euro 659 million sales in 2002Sales forecast for 2003 is 7 % better than 2002
Launched two Satellites in 2002:HB 6HB 7 Arianne 5 Launch Failure
New Skies $ 200.5 million sales in 2002Sales forecast for 2003 is 6-11 % better than 2002Operates a fleet of six SatellitesTwo launches in 2002Delivery of NSS 8 delayed from 2003 to 2005Boeing is late& will replace NSS 703 which saves $ 250 million
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Global Launch Capabilities
66 Launches per Year
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2002 Commercial Launch Deals
Arianespace: 9 ContractsAMC-13,-15 SES AmericomAtlantic Bird 1 EutelsatDirecTV 7S DirecTV Inc.iPSTAR-1 Shin Satellite Public Co. Ltd.Satmex 6 Satellites Mexicanos SASpainsat HispasatStar One C1 Star One SATelkom-2 PT Telkomunikasi Indonesia
Boeing Launch Services: 2 ContractsInteldat 10-series IntelsatThuraya-3 Thuraya
International Launch Services (ILS): 5 ContractsAMC-10,-11 SES AmericomHellas-Sat Hellas-SatIntelsat 10 series IntelsatMBSat Mobile Broadcasting Corp.
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Previous Years Commercial Launches
Arianespace: 2002 92001 152000 27
Boeing Launch Services:2002 22001 52000 4
International Launch Services (ILS): 2002 52001 10
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Profit margin of satellite manufacturers have disappeard
New technologies can be introduced in two years
Manufacturers will face a heavy burden to demonstrate that new technology isreliable
Operators are not willing to pay for new technologies, they can do a lot withexisting technology
Consolidation of Operators is a way to survive in the short term
Introduction of new services – diversification - is a way to achieve growing business
The Way Forward
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Predicted Payloads 2001
0
20
40
60
80
100
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Year
Pa
ylo
ad
Un
is
Broadband Mobile Broadcast DBS DAB
Predicted Payloads 2000
020
406080
100
120140
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Year
Pa
ylo
ad
Un
is
Broadband Mobile Broadcast DBS
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Predicted Payloads 2001
05
10152025303540
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Year
Pay
load
Un
is
Broadcast DBS DAB
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broadcasting centre
#2
DVB compatible
Home Receivers
High rate linkDVB compatible
High rate link
broadcasting centre#1
broadcasting centre
#3 broadcasting centre
#NContribution
Links
TRANSPARENT SATELLITE
MASTER STATION
TV Broadcast -Today
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V I D E O 2 P E S
A U D I O 2 P E S
D A T A 2 P E S
V I D E O 1 P E S
A U D I O 1 P E S
D A T A 1 P E S
V I D E O 3 P E S
A U D I O 3 P E S
D A T A 3 P E S
V I D E O N P E S
A U D I O N P E S
D A T A N P E S
SINGLE CH.TRANSPORT
MUX
MUX
MUX
MUX
PA
CK
ET
MU
LTIP
LEX
ER
O N- B O A R DO N- G R O U N D
V I D E O 1 P E S
A U D I O 1 P E S
D A T A 1 P E S
V I D E O 3 P E S
A U D I O 3 P E S
D A T A 3 P E S
V I D E O N P E S
A U D I O N P E S
D A T A N P E S
V I D E O 2 P E S
A U D I O 2 P E S
D A T A 2 P E S
TR
AN
SP
OR
T M
ULT
IPLE
XE
R
SINGLE CH.TRANSPORT
SINGLE CH.TRANSPORT
SINGLE CH.TRANSPORT
DVB SKYPLEX
DVB-S MULTIPLEXING
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broadcast ing centre
# 1
broadcast ing centre
#N
broadcast ing centre
# 3
broadcast ing centre
# 2
Home Rece ivers
S K Y P L E XP R O C E S S O R
low rate
l inks
High rate l ink
DVB compat ib le
DVB-S using Skyplex
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SKYPLEX Architecture
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Ch
an
ne
l
1
Ch
an
ne
l
2
Ch
an
ne
l
3
Ch
an
ne
l
N
B W = 3 3 M H zB W = 3 3 M H z B W = 3 3 M H z
Dig i ta l Mul t i - p r o g r a m m e T VDig i ta l Mul t i - p r o g r a m m e T V
S K Y P L E X
SKYPLEX Frequency Plan
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SKYPLEX Signal Processing
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One Skyplex processor developed under ESA contract is in-orbit at Eutelsat's Hot Bird 4 satellite launched in February 1998.
Three second generation processors ordered from Alenia Aerospazio (I) by Eutelsat for the Hot Bird 5 satellite, launched in October 1998.
ESA developement contract for an Enhanced Skyplex with Alenia Aerospazio (I) and SPAR (Cd)
SKYPLEX History
Eigth second generation processors are ordered from Alenia Aerospazio (I) by Eutelsat for the Hot Bird 6 satellite, launched in August 2002.
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IMUX
AGC
S a w f 1
S a w f 2
S a w f 3
S a w f 4
S a w f 5
S a w f 6
A/D
A/D
A/D
A/D
A/D
A/D
DPD
DPD
DPD
DPD
DPD
DPD
M a t c h e d
F i l t e r
Timing
Phase D e m o d u l a t o r
M a t c h e d
F i l t e r D e c i s i o n
Timing
Phase D e m o d u l a t o r
M a t c h e d
F i l t e r D e c i s i o n
Timing
Phase D e m o d u l a t o r
M a t c h e d
F i l t e r D e c i s i o n
Timing
Phase D e m o d u l a t o r
M a t c h e d
F i l t e r D e c i s i o n
Timing
PhaseD e m o d u l a t o r
M a t c h e d
F i l t e r
I
Q
I
Q
I
Q
I
Q
I
Q
I
QD e c i s i o n
Timing
Phase D e m o d u l a t o r
D e c i s i o n Bu f f e r
Bu f f e r
Bu f f e r
Bu f f e r
Bu f f e r
Bu f f e r
U
T
P
E
E
M
L
I
L
X
R
Mult . Mult . Mult .
Conv .
Interl.
Conv .
E n c o d e r
Master
Clock
Mult .
D/AQ P S K
M o d
Mult .
14
GHz14
GHz
I n t e r p.
I n t e r p.
I n t e r p.
I n t e r p.
I n t e r p.
I n t e r p.
Processor Controller
To Satellite Payload Interface
AGC
AGC
AGC
AGC
AGC
SKYPLEX HB 4 Block Diagram
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SKYPLEX HB 4 PCB
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SOURCE
ENCODER
SOURCE
ENCODER
SOURCE
ENCODER
SIN
GLE
CH
AN
NE
L TR
AN
SP
OR
T M
UX
SCRAMBLERRS
(204,188)
QPSK
MOD
RF
FRONT -E N D
CONTROL
UNIT
MASTER
CLOCK
DVB
RECEIVER
TO TV
MONITOR
VIDEO
INPUT
AUDIO
INPUT
DATA
INPUT
PES
PES
PES
CLOCK DRIVE
CLK
SKYPLEX Uplink Station
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SKYPLEX System Elements
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Hot Bird 5 SKYPLEX Performance
SCPC Uplink Rate: 2.292 Mbps, 6.111 Mbps, 6.875 Mbps, 7.333 Mbps
TDMA Uplink Rate: From 382 Kbps to 7.333 Mbps
Number of TDMA Uplinks: Up to 6
Demodulator Performance: < BER 10^-5 for Eb/No = 10.6 dB
Frequency: 12.51984/12.53902/12.55820 GHz
Mass: 7 Kg
Power Consumption: 50 W
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S K Y P L E X 1
S K Y P L E X 2
S K Y P L E X 3
IN1 (F1)
IN3 (F3)
R F O U T 1
R F O U T 3
IN2 (F2)R F O U T 2
F1 (F2)
F2 (F3)
F3 (F1)
Filter
(F1)
Filter
(F2)
Filter
(F3)
1 4
3
2
1 4
3
2
1 4
3
2
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
Hot Bird 5 SKYPLEX Configuration
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Hot Bird 5 Coverage
Receive
Transmit
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Hot Bird 6 SKYPLEX Configuration
S K Y P L E X 1
S K Y P L E X 2
IN1 (F1)R F O U T 1
IN2 (F2)R F O U T 2
F1 (F2)
F2 (F3)
Filter
(F1)
Filter
(F2)
1 4
3
2
1 4
3
2
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
S K Y P L E X 3
IN3 (F3)R F O U T 3
F3 (F1)
Filter
(F3)
1 4
3
2
4
1
2
3
S K Y P L E X 4
IN4 (F4)R F O U T 4
F3 (F1)
Filter
(F4)
1 4
3
2
4
1
2
3
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HB 6 Launch
21 August 2002 ATLAS V Cap Canaveral
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Hot Bird 6 Coverage
Receive
Transmit
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Enhanced SKYPLEX Performance
SCPC Uplink Rate: 2.292 Mbps, 6.111 Mbps, 6.875 Mbps, 7.333 Mbps
TDMA Uplink Rate: From 382 Kbps to 7.333 Mbps
Number of TDMA Uplinks: Up to 6
Demodulator Performance: < BER 10^-5 for Eb/No = 10.6 dB
Frequency: 12.51984/12.53902/12.55820 GHz
Mass: 5 Kg
Power Consumption: 40 W
Turbo Decoding
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C O N V .
E N C O D .
Q P S K M O D
M U X
& U P C O N V .
D O W N
C O N V .
R F I NR F O U T
D E M . 1
P A C K .
B U F F .
D E M U X
P A C K .
B U F F .
P A C K .
B U F F .
R E F E R .
O S C I L L .
1
2
18
M O D I F I E D
S C R A M B L E R
& R -S P A R I T Y
S C R A M B L E R
I N T E R L .
S Y N C . &
S Y N C . &
S Y N C . &D E M . 6
D I G .
D I G .
D I G .
Enhanced SKYPLEX: Processing Overview
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Skyplex Turbo Decoder
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Star Network with a Transparent Payloadand Hub Station
AMERHIS Reference Model: Mesh Network with aRegenerative Payload (no Hub Station)
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EuropeAmerica
N C C
Gateway
Gateway
SIT : Satel l i te Interact ive Term ina l
S I T
S I T
S I T
AMERHIS Mission
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Earth seen by AMAZONAS
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B R A Z I L I A N C O V E R A G E E U R O P E A N C O V E R A G E
N O R T H A M E R I C A N C O V E R A G E
S O U T H A M E R I C A N C O V E R A G E
A M E R H I S S Y S T E M
OBP
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Upl ink
Format: MF-TDMA according to DVB-RCS standard (MPEG-2 option)Granularity: up 64 carriers per transponder (0,5Mbps each)Available Data rates: 0.5, 1, 2, 4 & 8 Mbps , combinable in the same transponder
Coding Scheme: Turbo Code with 3/4 or 4/5 ratio
Downl ink
Format: according to DVB-S standardData rate: 54Mbps (per transponder)FEC: Convolutional coding with1/2, 2/3, 3/4, 5/6 or 7/8 ratio
On-Board Operabi l i ty
Interconnectivity: full routing flexibility between input/output transpondersCapacity Management: Two modes of operation possible - Quasi-static through telecommand channel (via TTC station) - Dynamic through communication channel (via NCC)
Budgets (4 transponders)Total Processed Capacity: 216MbpsPower Consumption: 156.5 WMass: 28.5 Kg
2R25 2R26 2R27 2R28 2R29 2R30 2R31 2R32
4R13 4R14 4R15 4R16
8R7 8R8
16R4
1R65 1R661R67 1R68 1R691R701R71 1R72
2R33 2R34 2R35 2R36
4R17 4R18
8R9
1R1 1R2 1R3 1R4 1R5 1R6 1R7 1R8 1R9 1R10 1R111R12 1R131R14 1R151R16
36M H z
AMERHIS Connectivity
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T h e c o m p l e t e AMERHIS System i s d i v i d e d i n t w o s e g m e n t s :
Space Segment:
O B P : D o w n C o n v e r t e r s ( D O C O N ) , B a s e- B a n d P r o c e s s o r ( B B P ) a n d K u M o d u l a t o r s .
Ground Segment:
M a n a g e m e n t S t a t i o n ( N C C , N C C- R C S T , N M S ) .
G a t e w a y .
D i f f e r e n t t y p e s o f R e t u r n C h a n n e l S a t e l l i t e T e r m i n a l s ( R C S T ) .
D V B - R C S D V B - S
Broadcas tS igna l Gen
R C S T
Serv ice Prov ider /Gateway
R C S T
User
Broadcast & Returnsignaling
Return channel &Forward signaling
Return channel& signaling
Broadcast &Forward signaling
T E R M I N A L S E G M E N T
S P A C E S E G M E N T
NetworkOpe ra t i on
R C S T
NetworkContro l Center
Satel l i teOpe ra t i on
Forwardsignaling
Returnsignaling
TM
TC
Satel l i teContro l Center
C O N T R O L S E G M E N T
AMERHIS Architecture
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The hea r t o f t he sys tem w i l l cons i s t o f 4 f u l l y i n t e r connec ted ch a n n e l s ( 3 3 M H z e a c h ) t h a t w i l l b e i n s e r t e d i n t h e A M A Z O N A S K u B a n d T r a n s p a r e n t a r c h i t e c t u r e .
T h e O n- B o a r d P r o c e s s e d ( O B P ) p a y l o a d w i l l b e b y -p a s s a b l e o n a c h a n n e l -by -c h a n n e l b a s i s .
AMERHIS Payload
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ON-Board Hardware (left to right): BBP, Ku MOD and DOCON
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AMERHIS Payload Footprint On Amazonas Y-Wall
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A r t i s t ' s r e n d e r i n g s h o w s A n i k F 2 , t h e t e n t h H u g h e s 7 0 2 s a t e l l i t e t o b e o r d e r e d s i n c e t h e m o d e l w a s i n t r o d u c e d i n 1 9 9 5 . A n i k F 2 i s t h e s e c o n d H u g h e s 7 0 2 t o b e b u i l t f o r T e l e s a t C a n a d a . T h e s a t e l l i t e w i l l h a v e 1 4 k i l o w a t t s o f p a y l o a d p o w e r a t e n d o f l i fe , a n d c a r r y 1 0 8 a c t i v e t r a n s p o n d e r s , 5 2 i n K a - b a n d , 3 2 i n K u - b a n d a n d 2 4 C- b a n d . T h e s a t e l l i t e w i l l p r o v i d e f i x e d s a t e l l i t e s e r v i c e s t o N o r t h A m e r i c a , i n c l u d i n g I n t e r n e t a c c e s s a n d m u l t i m e d i a s e r v i c e s , f r o m i t s o r b i t a l p o s i t i o n o f 1 1 1 . 1 d e g r e e s W e s t l o n g i t u d e . H u g h e s S p a c e a n d C o m m u n i c a t i o n s C o m p a n y i s s c h e d u l e d t o s h i p A n i k F 2 f o r l a u n c h i n l a t e 2 0 0 2 .
ANIK F2
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SPACEMUX
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ANIK F2 SpaceMux
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ANIK F2 Beam*Link Functional Block Diagram
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ANIK F2 Beam*Link Channel Allocation
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ANIK F2 Beam*Link Processor Mechanical Assembly
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ANIK F2 Beam*Link Processor Flight Model
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ANIK F2 Beam*Link Performance
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Spacemux System Mesh Network Architecture
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Spacemux Block Diagram
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ANIK F1
Launched on 21 November 2000 by an ARIANNE 44L
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Telesat Canada has selected Europe’s Astrium to supply a replacement for its defective AnikF1 satellite, which is based on the troubled 702 platform built by Boeing Satellite Systems.
Telesat’s announcement is the first new commercial satellite order announced in 2003, a year in which satellite manufacturers are hoping for at least a modest rebound from the dismal results of 2002, one of the worst years ever for the commercial satellite industry.
The contract, announced Feb. 4, also reflects a shift for Ottawa-based Telesat, which has purchased a number of satellites over the past few years from U. S. suppliers including Boeing
of El Segundo, Calif., and Lockheed Martin Commercial Space Systems, Newtown, Pa.
Anik F2 is one of several Boeing’s 702 satellites already in orbit t hat are afflicted with a solar
panel malady that is expected to shorten each spacecraft’s lifetime. Boeing has determined the cause of the problem and
newer 702 spacecraft will not be affected, according to the satellite manufacturer’s president, Randy Brinkley.
Telesat’s new satellite, dubbed Anik F1R, will carry 24 C-band and 32 Ku-band transponders and is expected to be launched in 2005. The satellite is based on Astrium’s Eurostar E3000 platform, and it will include a substantial amount of equipment from Canadian suppliers, according to a Feb. 4 Telesat statement.
Anik F1 was launched in late 2000 to an orbital slot at 107.3 degrees west longitude, where it serves users in North and South America.
ANIK F1R
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• Anik F3 primary aim is coverage of Anik F2 in Ka Band
• Anik F2 will introduce DVB-RCS services to Canadians in the Ka Band
• Anik F2 piggy back payload has limited networking capabilities
• The West program has taken the Anik F2 concept to the next step
• Industry needs a mechanism to demonstrate the West concept in a flight mission
• European primes are in a good position for Anik F3
• Anik F3 could host a demonstration
• This could tie in with the later launch of an operational Canadian SecureSat based on proven DVB-RCS technology
• Anik F3 could be the Canadian Payload of a joint Canadian/ESA GEO Cluster networking demonstration
ANIK F3
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Operator SES-ASTRA EUTELSAT Telesat ANIK F3
System Name NGS KaSaT
System Type Transparent Ka-BandWith OBP and Ground Segment
SatelliteAnd Ground Segment
Piggyback Payload and Ground Segment
Air I/F UL: DVB-RCS likeDL: DVB-S
UL: DVB-RCS -M P E GDL : DVB-S
Capacity 6000 MHz10 % of 8 beams Mesh
0.5-1 Gbps
Connectivity Mesh Mesh plus Transparent
Bypass
Schedule 2005 in orbit 32-36 month
Cost* E s t i m a t e d
Potential Supplier
Astrium, Alcatel,Alenia
Alenia, Astrium,Alcatel
Status Specification Prepared
Decision expected end 2003
RFI issued August 2001Three offers received and evaluatedMoU with Alenia
Potential Multimedia Flight Missions
Astrium, EMS,
Alcatel, Alenia
2006 in orbit
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Interactive STB
ADD ON BOX
ILNB
SATELLITE
I1
HUB
TV VCR
RC BROADCASTER
I2
I3
I5I4
I6
SATMODE
Objective: To replace LNB by iLNB for 50 €For iTV Application
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SATMODE Competi tors
Interactive television by satellite competes with the following existing terrestrial channels:56K modem, GSM, GPRS, xDSL and ISDN and cable modem.
From the consumer point of view, iTV over satellite has the following advantages :- Ease to install (wiring the set-top box to the PSTN, sometimes distant, can be an issue)- The PSTN line remains available- ITV over satellite provides an « always -on » solution- No PSTN link is needed (in reference to the general trend to keep only GSM service and to stop
fixed telephone services)
From the broadcaster and Service Provider point of view :- Additional revenue from new services- Piracy control- Audience metering and statistics
Increase of forward bandwidth
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SATMODE Transponder Capacity Requirements
Datarate : 4 KSymbols/s
9000 Connections/36 MHz Transponder
Slotted ALOHA 3000 Simultaneous Connections
Multiplexing Factor 100
300,000 Subscribers/Transponder
10 Transponder 3,000,000 Subscriber
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G/T EIRP Antennadiameter
NF P OUT(SAT)
Rx -IF DC-power
IODU(Ka/K
u)
14 -16 dB/K 22 - 28dBW 60 -75 cm < 1.2 dB
20 m WTypical
L-band 14 -28 V2 W
ILNB(Ka/K
u)
- - - < 1.2 dB
20 m WTypical
L-band 14 -28 V2 W
ITRM(Ka)
- 22 d B WTypical
30 -40 cm - - - 14 -28 V2 W
SATMODE Specification
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SATMODE Link Budget
6 d B W p e r C a r r i e r a n d 9 0 0 0 C a r r i e r = 4 5 d B W S A T E I R P
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SATMODE ODU Configurations
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P o w e r s u p p l y
F r o m S T B o r m a i n s
L b a n d + P S c o n t r o l
+ D i s e c Q
F r o m S T B
T u n e r
I C
D V B
d e m o d u l a t o r
IC
t r i p l exe rT D M A s c h e d u l e r
/ w a v e f o r m
g e n e r a t o r
F P G A
2 7 M H z
V C X O
TS d e m u x
P r o c e s s o r c o r e
P r o g r a m m a b l e
t r anspor t IC
R S 2 3 2
P H Y
I Q q u a d r a t u r e
m i x e r + P L L
s y n t h e s i z e r
P S
ADD ON BOX (FPGA VERSION)
D a t a + M & C
F r o m S T B
T X + R X + P S
+ D i s e c Q
SATMODE IDU Configurations
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B U R S T
D E M O D U L A T O RB A N K
D V B-
M U XN C R I N S E R T E R
F R E Q U E N C Y
A N D T I M E
S U B S Y S T E M
1 0 M H z , 1 p p s
& N T P
S C H E D U L E R
B R O A D C A S T E R
D A T A C E N T R EKa
B A N D L N B
M O D U L A T O R
H U B
M A N A G E M E N T
A N D C O N T R O L
C E N T R E
B R O A D C A S T
C O N T E N T
L A N , W A N ,
P S T N …
re tu rn
traff ic
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SATMODE Hub
![Page 74: Telecommunikation Satellites: The Actual SituationiPSTAR-1 Shin Satellite Public Co. Ltd. Satmex 6 Satellites Mexicanos SA Spainsat Hispasat Star One C1 Star One SA Telkom-2 PT Telkomunikasi](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022040900/5e6eab94b4750c6903001fd5/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
Retail prices for different components:· Hub: 3 M€· Add-on: 80 €· iLNB only: 30 €· iLNB + antenna: 60 €· iTransmitter : 50 €
SATMODE Target Prices