Telecommunication Networks. Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center.
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Transcript of Telecommunication Networks. Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center.
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Telecommunication Networks
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Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center
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Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center
What is Telecom ?
Telecommunication is the assisted transmission of signals over a distance for the purpose of communication.
It is the technology of transferring information over a distance.
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Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center
Information1. Information can be of several type:
Audio – Telephone Text - Telegraph , email, SMS Pictures – Picture attachments Video – Clipping over internet Data – ATM to bank.
2. The same telecom technology/service cannot communicate all the types of information.
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Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center
Thrust areas in Telecom Customer premises equipment. Access Network Transmission Switching Computerization
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Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center
Communication – Fixed Lines
Telephone Exchanges
SubscriberLine(2W)
Inter-ExchangeJunction
SubscriberLine(2W)
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Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center
Communication - Mobile
TelephoneExchange
SubscriberLine (2W)
Inter-ExchangeJunction
Mobile SwitchingCentre (MSC)
BSC BTSMS
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Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center
Sub Access Network
MDFPrimary
CABINET
PILLARS
Secondary
Distribution
DP
DP
DP
DP
Drop wire
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Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center
NETWORK DIAGRAM OF CDMA / WLL SYSTEM
PSTN
BSC ( V5.2 OR R2/NO.7 )
BTS
FAX
FWT
2 Mbps DIGITAL LINK
..
MS
2 Mbps DIGITAL LINK2 Mbps
DIGITAL LINK
Telecom Network
BTSBSC : Base Station Controller
MSC : Mobile Switching CentreFWT : Fixed Wireless Terminal at subscriber premises.
MS : Mobile Station
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TodaySeparate Service Networks
IP N
etw
ork
sIP
Ne
two
rks
PL
MN
PL
MN
PS
TN
/ISD
NP
ST
N/IS
DN
Services
Separate Access Transport & Switching Networks
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Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center
PSTN model Vs NGN model
Voice Network
IPNetwork
VideoNetwork
StorageNetwork
IPNetwork (for Voice, Data & Video)
• Dedicated Network per service
• Large Invest
• Multiple technologies / Knowledge
• Convergence technologies
• Cost reduction
• One Protocol, one Knowledge
Voice Data Video Storage voice Data Video Storage
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Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center
PSTN model Vs NGN model
Voice Network
IPNetwork
VideoNetwork
StorageNetwork
IPNetwork (for Voice, Data & Video)
• Dedicated Network per service
• Large Invest
• Multiple technologies / Knowledge
• Convergence technologies
• Cost reduction
• One Protocol, one Knowledge
Voice Data Video Storage voice Data Video Storage
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Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center
One network for everything
TodayToday TomorrowTomorrow
Telephonenetwork
Mobile radionetwork
IP-Network
Multimedia Access - Advantages:• easy to handle• reliable• mobile
Internet
Transition to NGN: Third wave
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Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center
Outdoor Plant
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Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training CenterPurpose of External Plant
To provide connectivity between CPE & Switch.
Advantages of copper over wireless. Dedicated channel for each customer More bandwidth than wireless.
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Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center
Local Loop
Signaling and Switching system
A Typical Public Switched Telephone Network
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Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center
EXCHANGE
PILLARSDP
BOX
PILLARS IN
PILLARS OUT
MDF Line SideMDF Exchange
Side
Pillar 125
DP TAG No
EXCGEquip No. CPE
MDF vertical-> Pillar In(hardwired), Pillar Out-> DP TAG No.(Hardwired)
Outdoor Plant Schematic Pictureork
Jumper Jumper
Drop-Pair
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Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training CenterC-DOT Switch
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Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center
MDF (Main Distribution Frame)
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Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training CenterPILLAR
Pillar/Cabinet
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Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training CenterDP (Distribution Point)
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Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center
Customer Premises Equipment
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Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training CenterRosetteLine Jack Unit (LJU)
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Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center
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Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training CenterTypes of Dialing
Decadic or Pulse Dialing
DTMF (Dual Tone Multi Frequency) or Tone dialing.
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Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center
DTMF
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Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center
Comparison of two types of dialing
Decadic The interruption rate or the
dialing rate is generally 10 Hz. Time taken for Decadic dialing
varies with the digits dialed (for dialing '0' maximum time is required)
On an average, it is possible to dial typically 0.8 digits/sec.
DTMF
Time taken to dial any digit is constant and it is possible to dial typically 7 digits/sec.. Thus, DTMF is almost 10 times faster.
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Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training CenterElectronic ringer
Piezo electric transducer
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Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center
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THE CLASSIFICATION OF UNDERGROUND CABLES
Jelly Filled cablePaper Core Cable.
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Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center
Jelly Filled Telephone Cables Conductor: Solid plain anneated high
conductivity copper wire of nominal diameter 0.32, 0.4, 0.50, 0.63, 0.90 mm
Insulation: Solid or Foam skin extruded polyethylene insulation grade stabilized. 100 % vergin material and colored as per requirement.
Pair: Two insulated conductors of specified colors twisted together with pre-determined lay to form a pair. The cross talk is minimized.
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Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center