Telecommunication Telecommunication Application of DTSP:Application of DTSP:

Set Top Box for digital TV Set Top Box for digital TV receptionreception

Vivek IngaleVivek Ingale07131150713115

Viveknarayanan.PViveknarayanan.P07131170713117

ContentsContents

““Digital” Signal Digital” Signal ProcessingProcessing

So what is digital signal processing? So what is digital signal processing? But the real world is analog But the real world is analog Why do we need to transmit and process Why do we need to transmit and process

the information that represents it digitally? the information that represents it digitally? Less susceptible to interference,better noise Less susceptible to interference,better noise

immunityimmunity Can be manupilated and repeater mey be usedCan be manupilated and repeater mey be used Real timeReal time Prolonged life, simpler and cheaperProlonged life, simpler and cheaper

So what kind of products use digital signal So what kind of products use digital signal processing?processing?

Challenges faced by Challenges faced by manufacturersmanufacturers

To reduce time to market,To reduce time to market, Drive down the price of finished goods, Drive down the price of finished goods, Increase reliability and produce smarter, faster, Increase reliability and produce smarter, faster,

smaller devices than ever before. smaller devices than ever before. TO DO THIS: As well as automating the design, TO DO THIS: As well as automating the design,

manufacture, supply chain and distribution processes manufacture, supply chain and distribution processes within their businesses, electronics manufacturers within their businesses, electronics manufacturers need to align sales, marketing and design processes need to align sales, marketing and design processes more closely in order to better predict consumer and more closely in order to better predict consumer and enterprise demand. enterprise demand.

They also need to extend the functionality and They also need to extend the functionality and lifecycle of their products to avoid constant product lifecycle of their products to avoid constant product redesign.redesign.

Instead of starting every new product from scratch, Instead of starting every new product from scratch, they need ways of "downloading" functionality to they need ways of "downloading" functionality to existing platforms. existing platforms.

Set-top Box - (STB)Set-top Box - (STB) A set-top box (STB) is a device that connects to an A set-top box (STB) is a device that connects to an

external signal source and decodes that signal into external signal source and decodes that signal into content that can be presented on a display unit content that can be presented on a display unit such as a TV. such as a TV.

““In built” or “Integrated” digital devices that In built” or “Integrated” digital devices that communicate using computer language. communicate using computer language.

A set-top box is a computerized device that A set-top box is a computerized device that processes digital information. processes digital information.

Currently the type of TV set-top box most widely Currently the type of TV set-top box most widely used is one which receives encoded/compressed used is one which receives encoded/compressed digital signals from the signal source and digital signals from the signal source and decodes/decompresses those signals, converting decodes/decompresses those signals, converting them into analog signals that your them into analog signals that your analoganalog television can understand television can understand

Also has many other functions and uses.Also has many other functions and uses.

What a Set top Box needsWhat a Set top Box needs

Generally put, to provide interactive services, the Generally put, to provide interactive services, the set-top box might need some or all of the below:set-top box might need some or all of the below:

(1)  A network that offers the potential for (1)  A network that offers the potential for interactivity.interactivity.(2) The network interface (2) The network interface (3)  A tuner (3)  A tuner (4) The (4) The decoderdecoder.  .  (5) The buffer (5) The buffer (6) Synchronization software/hardware (6) Synchronization software/hardware (7) (7) MiddlewareMiddleware(8) (8) PlatformPlatform(9) (9) ApplicationsApplications(10) Any additional software and/or hardware.(10) Any additional software and/or hardware.(11) A (11) A return pathreturn path (back channel). (back channel).

Video EncodingVideo Encoding Digital signal processors (DSPs)

handle the vast majority of video encoding applications unaided, implementing a scalable architecture that includes FPGAs as a co-processor to offload certain tasks that satisfy even the most demanding video applications.

Many new and exciting innovations, such as HDTV and digital cinema, revolve around video and image processing and this technology's rapid evolution. Leaps forward in image capture and display resolutions, advanced compression techniques, and video intelligence are the driving forces behind the technological innovation.

DSP in Digital TVDSP in Digital TV Digital Signal Processor (DSP): Like a graphics Digital Signal Processor (DSP): Like a graphics

processing unit (GPU), a DSP is a specialized processing unit (GPU), a DSP is a specialized microprocessormicroprocessor. It takes some of the workload . It takes some of the workload off of the computer's CPU by performing off of the computer's CPU by performing calculations for analog and digital conversion. calculations for analog and digital conversion. DSPs can process multiple sounds, or channels, DSPs can process multiple sounds, or channels, simultaneously. simultaneously.

In most audio and video equipment today, such In most audio and video equipment today, such as DVD and CD players, digital audio tape as DVD and CD players, digital audio tape (DAT), and MP3 players, digital signal (DAT), and MP3 players, digital signal processing is mandatory.processing is mandatory.

This is also true for most modern studio This is also true for most modern studio equipment as well as more or less advanced equipment as well as more or less advanced synthesizers used in today’s music production.synthesizers used in today’s music production.

DSP in Digital TV DSP in Digital TV (contd.)(contd.)

Digital signal processing has also made many new noise Digital signal processing has also made many new noise suppression and companding systems (e.g., Dolby™) suppression and companding systems (e.g., Dolby™) attractive.attractive.

Digital methods are not only used for producing and storing Digital methods are not only used for producing and storing audio and video information, but also for distribution. This audio and video information, but also for distribution. This could be between studios and transmitters, or even directly could be between studios and transmitters, or even directly to the end user, such as in the digital audio broadcasting to the end user, such as in the digital audio broadcasting (DAB) system. (DAB) system.

Digital transmission is also used for broadcasting of Digital transmission is also used for broadcasting of television (TV) signals. High definition television (HDTV) television (TV) signals. High definition television (HDTV) systems utilize many digital image processing techniques. systems utilize many digital image processing techniques.

Digital image processing can be regarded as a special Digital image processing can be regarded as a special branch of digital processing having many things in common branch of digital processing having many things in common with digital signal processing, but dealing mainly with two-with digital signal processing, but dealing mainly with two-dimensional image signals. Digital image processing can be dimensional image signals. Digital image processing can be used for many tasks, e.g., restoring distorted or blurred used for many tasks, e.g., restoring distorted or blurred images, morphing, data compression by image coding, images, morphing, data compression by image coding, identification and analysis of pictures and photos.identification and analysis of pictures and photos.

IP SET TOP BOXESIP SET TOP BOXES

TMS320DM644x digital TMS320DM644x digital media processors media processors

FUTUREFUTURE In the last decade, there has been an extremely rapid In the last decade, there has been an extremely rapid

growth in cable and satellite STB market due to the growth in cable and satellite STB market due to the advanced features, supported media, and ease of billing. advanced features, supported media, and ease of billing. It can be observed that since 1998, there has been It can be observed that since 1998, there has been tremendous popularity of satellite and cable boxes that tremendous popularity of satellite and cable boxes that has stimulated demand for this technology. Statistics has stimulated demand for this technology. Statistics show, a clear trend that there is an increase in the unit show, a clear trend that there is an increase in the unit sales while the $/unit value of each STB has decreased sales while the $/unit value of each STB has decreased significantly, further stimulating demand for this significantly, further stimulating demand for this technology. Demand for digital cable Set-Top Boxes technology. Demand for digital cable Set-Top Boxes continues to be strong in 2006. An increasing number of continues to be strong in 2006. An increasing number of cable TV operators around the world are ordering and cable TV operators around the world are ordering and deploying cable Set-Top Box products, particularly in deploying cable Set-Top Box products, particularly in conjunction with digital cable video service and with conjunction with digital cable video service and with new high-definition and interactive TV services.new high-definition and interactive TV services.